Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.06.001
Manal Hadi Ghaffoori
Campylobacter are the main cause of human bacterial intestinal disease identified worldwide. Over 90% of cases are caused by C. jejuni and about 5% of cases are caused by C. coli. Mishandling of raw chicken carcasses and consumption of undercooked chicken meat are the major risk factors for human campylobacteriosis. Despite the control measures for reducing cross contamination, the detection of Campylobacter in carcasses after chilling/freezing remains very high. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. jejuni in chicken meat sold inBaghdad province. A total of eight live chickens and 20 frozen whole carcass chickens, purchased two per week during a 12-week period(from January 2016 to march 2016), from different markets in Baghdad regions, were examined for the presence of C. jejuni. The results showed that 100% of the live chickens were positive for C. jejuni, while carcasses isolation rates ranged from 0-100%. Bacteriological, biochemical, and microscopic tests were used in the isolation and identification of the isolates as C. jejuni. The results revealed that, this method was highly specific, and can be easily used for reliable and rapid identification. In addition to this , confirmation of C. jejuni isolates was performed using multiplex PCR technique .
{"title":"Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni In Chicken Meat Marketed In Baghdad Province","authors":"Manal Hadi Ghaffoori","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Campylobacter are the main cause of human bacterial intestinal disease identified worldwide. Over 90% of cases are caused by C. jejuni and about 5% of cases are caused by C. coli. Mishandling of raw chicken carcasses and consumption of undercooked chicken meat are the major risk factors for human campylobacteriosis. Despite the control measures for reducing cross contamination, the detection of Campylobacter in carcasses after chilling/freezing remains very high. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. jejuni in chicken meat sold inBaghdad province. A total of eight live chickens and 20 frozen whole carcass chickens, purchased two per week during a 12-week period(from January 2016 to march 2016), from different markets in Baghdad regions, were examined for the presence of C. jejuni. The results showed that 100% of the live chickens were positive for C. jejuni, while carcasses isolation rates ranged from 0-100%. Bacteriological, biochemical, and microscopic tests were used in the isolation and identification of the isolates as C. jejuni. The results revealed that, this method was highly specific, and can be easily used for reliable and rapid identification. In addition to this , confirmation of C. jejuni isolates was performed using multiplex PCR technique .","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"150 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90240863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.06.023
M. P. Johnson, R. Stephan
{"title":"Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on offspring quality of Trigonellafoenum- graecum L.","authors":"M. P. Johnson, R. Stephan","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.06.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.06.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"104 1","pages":"154-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82517342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.003
A. Elsaied
{"title":"Habitat diversity and plant indicators of El-Harra Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt","authors":"A. Elsaied","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"25-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81612341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.001
S. Daghash, H. Farghali
In the present study, fifteen heart from clinically healthy buffaloes of different ages and both sexes are used to examine the skeleton of the heart. The techniques used are manual dissection, radiographs and Microscopical examination. The skeleton of the heart is composed of a group of fibrous structures encircles the margins of the inflow and outflow orifices of the ventricles in a form of rings. The right and left atrioventricular fibrous rings in addition to aortic and pulmonary rings are formed from collagen fibers. In addition to, the presence of a central fibrous body composed of one fibrocartilage encircled the origin of the aorta and two spongy bones; right and left ossacordis. The ossacordis are absent in the young calves and hyaline cartilage is present instead of the spongy bone. The results are discussed with relatives previous researches.
{"title":"The cardiac skeleton of the Egyptian Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)","authors":"S. Daghash, H. Farghali","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, fifteen heart from clinically healthy buffaloes of different ages and both sexes are used to examine the skeleton of the heart. The techniques used are manual dissection, radiographs and Microscopical examination. The skeleton of the heart is composed of a group of fibrous structures encircles the margins of the inflow and outflow orifices of the ventricles in a form of rings. The right and left atrioventricular fibrous rings in addition to aortic and pulmonary rings are formed from collagen fibers. In addition to, the presence of a central fibrous body composed of one fibrocartilage encircled the origin of the aorta and two spongy bones; right and left ossacordis. The ossacordis are absent in the young calves and hyaline cartilage is present instead of the spongy bone. The results are discussed with relatives previous researches.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77153591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.020
T. Dhar
The shape and structure of leaves vary considerably from species to species of plant, depending largely on their adaptation to climate and available light, but also to other factors such as grazing animals, available nutrients, and ecological competition from other plants. For the present investigation 14 different plants were selected from the college campus, 12 different qualitative and quantitative parameters were selected. All plants showed considerable variations.
{"title":"Leaf architectural studies in some plants","authors":"T. Dhar","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"The shape and structure of leaves vary considerably from species to species of plant, depending largely on their adaptation to climate and available light, but also to other factors such as grazing animals, available nutrients, and ecological competition from other plants. For the present investigation 14 different plants were selected from the college campus, 12 different qualitative and quantitative parameters were selected. All plants showed considerable variations.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"182-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86224358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.014
C. K. Odoh
{"title":"Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): A Bioprotectant bioinoculant for Sustainable Agrobiology. A Review","authors":"C. K. Odoh","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"124 1","pages":"123-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88059278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.013
J. Joseph
The present study was to understand the diversity and distribution pattern of microalgae in fresh water system represented by an open artificial pond. A total of 100 species of phytoplanktons were indentified from different groups during March 2014 to February 2015. Among the identified phytoplankton species Cyanophyceae (39%) formed the dominant group, followed by Chlorophyceae (34%) Bacillariophyceae (23%) and Euglenophyceae (4%). The fluctuations in the physico-chemical parameters like pH, temperature, EC, DO, BOD, COD, turbidity, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate, silicate, phosphate and were also been monitored. The result provides a primary documentation of the phytoplankton community and its diversity and basic understanding of hydrological variables in the pond ecosystem.
{"title":"Diversity and distribution of phytoplankton in an artificial pond","authors":"J. Joseph","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was to understand the diversity and distribution pattern of microalgae in fresh water system represented by an open artificial pond. A total of 100 species of phytoplanktons were indentified from different groups during March 2014 to February 2015. Among the identified phytoplankton species Cyanophyceae (39%) formed the dominant group, followed by Chlorophyceae (34%) Bacillariophyceae (23%) and Euglenophyceae (4%). The fluctuations in the physico-chemical parameters like pH, temperature, EC, DO, BOD, COD, turbidity, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate, silicate, phosphate and were also been monitored. The result provides a primary documentation of the phytoplankton community and its diversity and basic understanding of hydrological variables in the pond ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"114-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88348740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.005
S. S. Gadakh, D. Patel, Diwakar Singh
Present experiment carried out to evaluate variability at molecular level between parent and salt and drought tolerant mutant developed by application of selection pressure in tissue culture. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate treated embryogenic calli of sugarcane. Calli were cultured on a selective medium containing NaCl (100 mM) and PEG (2%) for development of salt and drought tolerant plants separately, primer OPK-4 produced maximum 12 bands out of which one was polymorphic. The primer OPK-20 produced 3 monomorphic bands out of total 9 bands. Primer OPK-10 produced maximum polymorphism (100%) followed by primer OPK-04 (91.67%), OPK-15 (88.89%) and OPL-03 (88.89%). Line 8 had showed maximum genetic variation to the parental plant (0.543) followed by line 10 (0.556) and line 2 (0.565). The regenerants of Co 99004 were divided into two clusters, which placed lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and control into first cluster whereas, line 8 and 10 into second cluster. The dendrogram also divided maximum salt tolerant and drought tolerant lines into two clusters suggesting that salt regenerants completely different from drought tolerant lines. Maximum salt and drought tolerant lines placed away from the control supporting the polymorphism revealed by the RAPD profile.
{"title":"Use of RAPD Markers to Characterize Salt and Drought Lines of Sugarcane","authors":"S. S. Gadakh, D. Patel, Diwakar Singh","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"Present experiment carried out to evaluate variability at molecular level between parent and salt and drought tolerant mutant developed by application of selection pressure in tissue culture. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate treated embryogenic calli of sugarcane. Calli were cultured on a selective medium containing NaCl (100 mM) and PEG (2%) for development of salt and drought tolerant plants separately, primer OPK-4 produced maximum 12 bands out of which one was polymorphic. The primer OPK-20 produced 3 monomorphic bands out of total 9 bands. Primer OPK-10 produced maximum polymorphism (100%) followed by primer OPK-04 (91.67%), OPK-15 (88.89%) and OPL-03 (88.89%). Line 8 had showed maximum genetic variation to the parental plant (0.543) followed by line 10 (0.556) and line 2 (0.565). The regenerants of Co 99004 were divided into two clusters, which placed lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and control into first cluster whereas, line 8 and 10 into second cluster. The dendrogram also divided maximum salt tolerant and drought tolerant lines into two clusters suggesting that salt regenerants completely different from drought tolerant lines. Maximum salt and drought tolerant lines placed away from the control supporting the polymorphism revealed by the RAPD profile.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"163 1","pages":"50-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90148359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.008
Rania Salah Abd-elhamed
The present study was carried out on Allium cepa root tip to evaluate the cytoxicity of different concentrations of green synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). For this the root tips were treated with different concentrations of AgNPs (0.0, 5, 10, 20 and 40mg/L). The percentage of mitotic index was found to be significantly decreased as the concentration of the AgNPs increased except in 5mg/L concentration, where the mitotic index is higher thancontrol. The chromosomal abnormalities were also estimated. AgNPs induced a wide range of mitotic disturbances in the Allium root tips when compared to control. According to present findings 5mg/L of the AgNPs was found to enhance the rate of cell division when compare to control. On the contrary, higher of the AgNPs showed negative effects on mitotic division in root tip cells of onion. The SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein profile in root samples of AgNPs-treated plants revealed major changes than control. This experiment showed that the changes in protein profile may interrelated chromosomal abnormalities leading to mitotic arrest.
{"title":"Cytogenetic Variability Analysis for Allium cepa L in Response to Green Synthesis Silver Nanoparticles","authors":"Rania Salah Abd-elhamed","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out on Allium cepa root tip to evaluate the cytoxicity of different concentrations of green synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). For this the root tips were treated with different concentrations of AgNPs (0.0, 5, 10, 20 and 40mg/L). The percentage of mitotic index was found to be significantly decreased as the concentration of the AgNPs increased except in 5mg/L concentration, where the mitotic index is higher thancontrol. The chromosomal abnormalities were also estimated. AgNPs induced a wide range of mitotic disturbances in the Allium root tips when compared to control. According to present findings 5mg/L of the AgNPs was found to enhance the rate of cell division when compare to control. On the contrary, higher of the AgNPs showed negative effects on mitotic division in root tip cells of onion. The SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein profile in root samples of AgNPs-treated plants revealed major changes than control. This experiment showed that the changes in protein profile may interrelated chromosomal abnormalities leading to mitotic arrest.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"73-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87596355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.004
Navdeep Dhindsa Randev, S. Puri
To determine the suitability of water for various purposes such as agriculture, domestic and drinking, different classification methods has been developed over the time. Each classification system use few parameters to determine suitability of water quality for different purposes. New scoring based Randev and Puri classification was developed to determine suitability of water quality for irrigation purposed, because it was noted that most of classification uses just one or two parameters. On the basis of one or two parameter, it is not possible to present overall estimation of water quality. In this system, water quality was classified on the basis of well-known ten classifications (total hardness, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, sodium absorption ratio, magnesium hazard, Kelley’s ratio, soluble sodium percentage, sodium absorption ratio, Stuyfzand’s classification, United Stated soil laboratory) and then score were provide to each class in different classification. Than overall scores were calculated and on the basis of these scores final class of water quality was determined.
{"title":"Determination of suitability of water quality for agricultural purposes using new scoring based Randev and Puri classification","authors":"Navdeep Dhindsa Randev, S. Puri","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the suitability of water for various purposes such as agriculture, domestic and drinking, different classification methods has been developed over the time. Each classification system use few parameters to determine suitability of water quality for different purposes. New scoring based Randev and Puri classification was developed to determine suitability of water quality for irrigation purposed, because it was noted that most of classification uses just one or two parameters. On the basis of one or two parameter, it is not possible to present overall estimation of water quality. In this system, water quality was classified on the basis of well-known ten classifications (total hardness, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, sodium absorption ratio, magnesium hazard, Kelley’s ratio, soluble sodium percentage, sodium absorption ratio, Stuyfzand’s classification, United Stated soil laboratory) and then score were provide to each class in different classification. Than overall scores were calculated and on the basis of these scores final class of water quality was determined.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78335499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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