M. Ghosh, R. Biswas, S. Dutta, Rajib Pal, Amitava Pal
Background: Doppler ultrasound velocimetry of umbilical and foetal vessels has become established method of antenatal monitoring, allowing non-invasive assessment of foetal circulation . Aims: To compare role of middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry studies in normal uncomplicated pregnancies and post-dated pregnancies. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 130 pregnant women having gestational age of 36 weeks or more who came to the labor ward in reference study period of 1 year in Burdwan Medical College. Study group consists of 65 pregnant women with gestational age of 40-42 weeks while control groups with gestational age of 36-40 weeks. USG Doppler studies were done, APGAR score of neonates were calculated at 1min and 5 min. Comparison of all variables were done using by a software package SPSS 16. Results: No statistically significant difference was noted in Doppler indices (except CPR) in pregnancy with normal and adverse perinatal outcome. 27.6% of mothers of 40-42 weeks had adverse perinatal outcome where as 100% mother of 36-40 weeks’ had normal outcome. Among post-dated pregnancies 48% mothers of 41-42 weeks had adverse perinatal outcome in comparison to 15% at 36-40 weeks of gestation. Only CPR showed significant difference for predicting adverse perinatal outcome (p=0.001). Low CPR (1.34) has high sensitivity and positive predictive value but poor specificity and negative predictive value. Conclusion: Doppler indices except CPR are not trustworthy. Although CPR cut-off value of 1.335 assures about fetal wellbeing, its low specificity can lead to undue concern and interference.
{"title":"Role of middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry studies to compare the outcome in post-dated and normal dated pregnancies in a rural population of eastern India","authors":"M. Ghosh, R. Biswas, S. Dutta, Rajib Pal, Amitava Pal","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V9I1.4502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V9I1.4502","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Doppler ultrasound velocimetry of umbilical and foetal vessels has become established method of antenatal monitoring, allowing non-invasive assessment of foetal circulation . Aims: To compare role of middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry studies in normal uncomplicated pregnancies and post-dated pregnancies. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 130 pregnant women having gestational age of 36 weeks or more who came to the labor ward in reference study period of 1 year in Burdwan Medical College. Study group consists of 65 pregnant women with gestational age of 40-42 weeks while control groups with gestational age of 36-40 weeks. USG Doppler studies were done, APGAR score of neonates were calculated at 1min and 5 min. Comparison of all variables were done using by a software package SPSS 16. Results: No statistically significant difference was noted in Doppler indices (except CPR) in pregnancy with normal and adverse perinatal outcome. 27.6% of mothers of 40-42 weeks had adverse perinatal outcome where as 100% mother of 36-40 weeks’ had normal outcome. Among post-dated pregnancies 48% mothers of 41-42 weeks had adverse perinatal outcome in comparison to 15% at 36-40 weeks of gestation. Only CPR showed significant difference for predicting adverse perinatal outcome (p=0.001). Low CPR (1.34) has high sensitivity and positive predictive value but poor specificity and negative predictive value. Conclusion: Doppler indices except CPR are not trustworthy. Although CPR cut-off value of 1.335 assures about fetal wellbeing, its low specificity can lead to undue concern and interference.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"72 ","pages":"01-07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91453967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Obesity has become an ever growing problem of epidemic proportions. Recent researches in this field suggested a possible association of high serum parathyroid hormone level and low vitamin D level with obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted in Mysore Medical College, Mysore to evaluate association of obesity with high serum PTH level in obese individuals. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 obese subjects admitted to medical wards who met the required criteria. Subjects were divided into different categories based on anthropometric measurements. Serum parathyroid hormone level was estimated in each group based on early morning sample drawn. Results: Among 100 subjects studied, 52 were females and 48 were males. Subjects with grade 1 obesity had mean S.PTH value of 54.5pg/ml which was within normal population limit (8.9-82.4). Mean serum PTH in subjects of grade 2 obesity was 77.305, towards the upper limit of normal level (fourth quartile). Among patients with grade 3 obesity, serum PTH level was high with a mean value of 116.42 pg/ml. Pearson’s coefficient of analysis for association of S.PTH with waist circumference was 0.652 (less than 1). There was significant positive correlation for level of S.PTH with waist hip ratio (coefficient of correlation 0.530) These findings were statistically significant with a P value < 0.001. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a significant association of high serum parathyroid hormone level with BMI. This association was most significant among subjects with morbid obesity. Analysis based on waist circumference and waist hip ratio also showed a positive correlation.
{"title":"The study of association of serum parathyroid hormone level with obesity in subjects admitted to a tertiary care centre","authors":"K. Vishnu, Indumathi Shankaraiah, Harishkiran N.E","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V9I1.4535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V9I1.4535","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Obesity has become an ever growing problem of epidemic proportions. Recent researches in this field suggested a possible association of high serum parathyroid hormone level and low vitamin D level with obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted in Mysore Medical College, Mysore to evaluate association of obesity with high serum PTH level in obese individuals. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 obese subjects admitted to medical wards who met the required criteria. Subjects were divided into different categories based on anthropometric measurements. Serum parathyroid hormone level was estimated in each group based on early morning sample drawn. Results: Among 100 subjects studied, 52 were females and 48 were males. Subjects with grade 1 obesity had mean S.PTH value of 54.5pg/ml which was within normal population limit (8.9-82.4). Mean serum PTH in subjects of grade 2 obesity was 77.305, towards the upper limit of normal level (fourth quartile). Among patients with grade 3 obesity, serum PTH level was high with a mean value of 116.42 pg/ml. Pearson’s coefficient of analysis for association of S.PTH with waist circumference was 0.652 (less than 1). There was significant positive correlation for level of S.PTH with waist hip ratio (coefficient of correlation 0.530) These findings were statistically significant with a P value < 0.001. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a significant association of high serum parathyroid hormone level with BMI. This association was most significant among subjects with morbid obesity. Analysis based on waist circumference and waist hip ratio also showed a positive correlation.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"714 1","pages":"40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76906443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Agarwal, H. Joshi, Amit Sharma, S. Khan, D. Upadhyay
Introduction: Adolescence is a crucial phase in life and the presence of conditions like depression at this stage of life is a matter of concern. Depression in this population has been shown to be associated with increased risk of suicidal behavior, homicidal ideation, tobacco use and other substance abuse into adulthood thus an attempt has been made for assessing the prevalence of depression in late adolescent in the rural area of the Bareilly district among those who belong to the literate group. Objectives: To screen depression among late adolescents belonging to literate group in rural area of Bareilly District. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bareilly district, using multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire is used for data collection that was compiled and analysed using Epi-Info software v7.2. Result: In this study, Prevalence of Depression among adolescents is 52% and on linear regression analysis, a number of predictors had analyzed for significant association with depression in the adolescents so, the analysis revealed that Education is significantly associated with depression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Depression is highly prevalent among adolescence in rural area. Our findings point to the importance of broad screening of this vulnerable population.
{"title":"An Assessment study on depression among late adolescents belonging to literate group in rural area of Bareilly district","authors":"M. Agarwal, H. Joshi, Amit Sharma, S. Khan, D. Upadhyay","doi":"10.7439/ijbr.v9i1.4462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbr.v9i1.4462","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adolescence is a crucial phase in life and the presence of conditions like depression at this stage of life is a matter of concern. Depression in this population has been shown to be associated with increased risk of suicidal behavior, homicidal ideation, tobacco use and other substance abuse into adulthood thus an attempt has been made for assessing the prevalence of depression in late adolescent in the rural area of the Bareilly district among those who belong to the literate group. Objectives: To screen depression among late adolescents belonging to literate group in rural area of Bareilly District. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bareilly district, using multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire is used for data collection that was compiled and analysed using Epi-Info software v7.2. Result: In this study, Prevalence of Depression among adolescents is 52% and on linear regression analysis, a number of predictors had analyzed for significant association with depression in the adolescents so, the analysis revealed that Education is significantly associated with depression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Depression is highly prevalent among adolescence in rural area. Our findings point to the importance of broad screening of this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"25 1","pages":"45-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81255514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Koirala, G. P. Rauniar, A. Ghimire, Sanjib K Sharma
Objectives: To access the drug utilization pattern, drug adherence and occurrence of resistant hypertension in hypertensive patients. Methods: In this prospective crossover study, data was collected from 140 hypertensive patients visiting community program (KHDC) held on first Saturday of every month for follow-up. KHDC is a community based program for early detection and management of K idney disease, H ypertension, D iabetes and C ardiovascular diseases, using structured self-constructed questionnaire (translated in Nepali also) which have been prepared after reviewing multiple literatures.For descriptive statistics, percentage, mean, Standard deviation was calculated along with graphical and tabular presentation. Results: Out of 140 patients enrolled 52.1% were male. Majority of the patient were aged between 40-59 years of age 50.7 %. Most of them were Aryans 55.7 %( followed by Mongolians 44.3% . Mean of Systolic Blood Pressure was 131.48(SD ± 16.57) and Mean of Diastolic Blood Pressure was 81.7(SD ± 9.57).The Mean Drug prescribed per patients was 2.16(1.321) with maximum number of drug prescribed to be 7 and minimum 1. Amlodipine was commonly prescribed antihypertensive 57.8%. Metformin was the most common drug prescribed among non-antihypertensive drugs.Drug adherence was seen among 76.4% of patients. The common adverse seen among these patients was fatigue (Figure 3). The occurrence of other adverse effects was low. Resistant hypertension was seen in 2 out of 140 patients. Conclusion: The common group of antihypertensive prescribed was CCB, ARB and Diuretics consistent with JNC VII.The adherence to the prescribed drugs was good amongst the patients. The occurrence of resistant hypertension was low.
{"title":"Drug utilization, adherence and occurrence of Resistant Hypertension among hypertensive patients visiting community based screening and management program in Eastern Nepal","authors":"B. Koirala, G. P. Rauniar, A. Ghimire, Sanjib K Sharma","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V9I1.4548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V9I1.4548","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To access the drug utilization pattern, drug adherence and occurrence of resistant hypertension in hypertensive patients. Methods: In this prospective crossover study, data was collected from 140 hypertensive patients visiting community program (KHDC) held on first Saturday of every month for follow-up. KHDC is a community based program for early detection and management of K idney disease, H ypertension, D iabetes and C ardiovascular diseases, using structured self-constructed questionnaire (translated in Nepali also) which have been prepared after reviewing multiple literatures.For descriptive statistics, percentage, mean, Standard deviation was calculated along with graphical and tabular presentation. Results: Out of 140 patients enrolled 52.1% were male. Majority of the patient were aged between 40-59 years of age 50.7 %. Most of them were Aryans 55.7 %( followed by Mongolians 44.3% . Mean of Systolic Blood Pressure was 131.48(SD ± 16.57) and Mean of Diastolic Blood Pressure was 81.7(SD ± 9.57).The Mean Drug prescribed per patients was 2.16(1.321) with maximum number of drug prescribed to be 7 and minimum 1. Amlodipine was commonly prescribed antihypertensive 57.8%. Metformin was the most common drug prescribed among non-antihypertensive drugs.Drug adherence was seen among 76.4% of patients. The common adverse seen among these patients was fatigue (Figure 3). The occurrence of other adverse effects was low. Resistant hypertension was seen in 2 out of 140 patients. Conclusion: The common group of antihypertensive prescribed was CCB, ARB and Diuretics consistent with JNC VII.The adherence to the prescribed drugs was good amongst the patients. The occurrence of resistant hypertension was low.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"31 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88519526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Chauhan, N. Gupta, K. Mardi, Sandhya Chauhan, S. Sood, A. Negi
Aim : To evaluate the efficacy and diagnostic accuracy of various cytological techniques in evaluation of infectious lesions of skin. Materials and methods: Fine needle aspiration and slit skin of lesions with clinical suspicion of infectious lesions of skin were done. Giemsa stainining of cytology smears. Biopsy of lesions where possible. Result: 34 patients (indoor/outdoor) with clinical diagnosis of infectious skin lesions were subjected to cytological examination and biopsy was done in 32 of these cases. Aspiration was inadequate in 8 cases. Conclusion: Cytological examination is a very simple and useful modality, requires minimum equipments and can be performed in outpatient clinic. The procedure is safe, free from complications and is well tolerated by patients.
{"title":"Role of cytology in evaluation of infectious lesions of skin: A Cyto- histopathological correlation.","authors":"P. Chauhan, N. Gupta, K. Mardi, Sandhya Chauhan, S. Sood, A. Negi","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4451","url":null,"abstract":"Aim : To evaluate the efficacy and diagnostic accuracy of various cytological techniques in evaluation of infectious lesions of skin. Materials and methods: Fine needle aspiration and slit skin of lesions with clinical suspicion of infectious lesions of skin were done. Giemsa stainining of cytology smears. Biopsy of lesions where possible. Result: 34 patients (indoor/outdoor) with clinical diagnosis of infectious skin lesions were subjected to cytological examination and biopsy was done in 32 of these cases. Aspiration was inadequate in 8 cases. Conclusion: Cytological examination is a very simple and useful modality, requires minimum equipments and can be performed in outpatient clinic. The procedure is safe, free from complications and is well tolerated by patients.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"33 1","pages":"704-706"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85208376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims and Objective: The primary aim was to study the incidence of ondansetron on shivering in patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgeries under spinal anaesthesia and secondary to record vital parameters (HR, SBP, DBP and SpO 2 ) and side effects, if any. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed on 70 ASA grade I and II female patients of 18 to 60 years of age to received either normal saline (Group NS) or Ondansetron (Group ODT ) 0.15mg/kg. Spinal anaesthesia was given to all patients with Bupivacaine 15 mg. 0.5% heavy 3cc + Inj. Norphine 60 microgmat L3 L4 interspace. During surgery, a shivering score was recorded at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60, 120 minutes. Vital parameters in terms of HR, SBP, DBP and SpO 2 and side effects, if any were measured. Results: The incidence of shivering was 8.57% in ondansetron group compared to 40% patients in NS group. Also the incidence of maximum shivering score was high in group NS compared to group ODT. At 25 and 30 minutes, heart rate was significantly greater (82.14 13.06 and 80.6 12.55) in patients receiving normal saline after which it was constant. On the other hand, at 30 and 60 minutes the SBP, DBP and MAP was significantly greater in ondansetron group as compared to normal saline group. Hypotension was comparable in both the groups. Conclusion: The prophylactic administration of ondansetron (0.15mg/kg) I.V. before spinal anaesthesia produces anti-shivering effect, therefore it can be considered as a safe option to prevent post spinal anaesthesia shivering and reduce the risk of hypotension.
{"title":"Study the effect of odanseteron on shivering under spinal anaesthesia for gynaecogical surgeries","authors":"Pallavi V. Waghalkar, Pradnya M. Malgundkar","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4546","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objective: The primary aim was to study the incidence of ondansetron on shivering in patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgeries under spinal anaesthesia and secondary to record vital parameters (HR, SBP, DBP and SpO 2 ) and side effects, if any. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed on 70 ASA grade I and II female patients of 18 to 60 years of age to received either normal saline (Group NS) or Ondansetron (Group ODT ) 0.15mg/kg. Spinal anaesthesia was given to all patients with Bupivacaine 15 mg. 0.5% heavy 3cc + Inj. Norphine 60 microgmat L3 L4 interspace. During surgery, a shivering score was recorded at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60, 120 minutes. Vital parameters in terms of HR, SBP, DBP and SpO 2 and side effects, if any were measured. Results: The incidence of shivering was 8.57% in ondansetron group compared to 40% patients in NS group. Also the incidence of maximum shivering score was high in group NS compared to group ODT. At 25 and 30 minutes, heart rate was significantly greater (82.14 13.06 and 80.6 12.55) in patients receiving normal saline after which it was constant. On the other hand, at 30 and 60 minutes the SBP, DBP and MAP was significantly greater in ondansetron group as compared to normal saline group. Hypotension was comparable in both the groups. Conclusion: The prophylactic administration of ondansetron (0.15mg/kg) I.V. before spinal anaesthesia produces anti-shivering effect, therefore it can be considered as a safe option to prevent post spinal anaesthesia shivering and reduce the risk of hypotension.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"40 1","pages":"711-716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86367102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghrelin, called as appetite or hunger hormone, is mainly produced by gastric glands, and it stimulates appetite. Because of increasing food intake during pregnancy due to augmented metabolic demands, the gastrointestinal tract problems have more serious clinical importance in this period. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pregnancy on ghrelin immunoreactivity in the gastric mucosa of fundus in mice. For this purpose a total of 20 Swiss albino female mice at 12–14 weeks of age were used. The tissue samples were collected on days 3 (early-E), 10 (mid-M), and 17 (late-L) of pregnancy. Tissue samples were taken from the great curvature of stomach. Ghrelin was demonstrated immunohistochemically using peroxidase-labelled streptavidin biotin complex method. H-score was used for semi quantitatively analysis of ghrelin-positive cells. Although the g hrelin-immunoreactive cells were scattered throughout the fundic glands, it was observed that they mainly located at the lower portion of these glands. Immunoreactivity was diffuse pattern in the cell cytoplasm. The ghrelin positive cells increased during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant control animals while the mean H-score, reflects the number and intensity of immunoreactive cells, was found the most higher at early and mid- gestational periods (C: 321 ,50±8, 35 ; E: 419 , 20±11 , 24 ; M: 423 , 50±15 , 12 ; L: 378 , 05±17 , 07, p<0,05 ). It was concluded that these findings obtained from this study may suggested a new explanation for the relation to between the pregnancy and gastrointestinal disturbances.
{"title":"The determination of Ghrelin immunoreactivity in gastric mucosa of fundus during pregnancy in mice","authors":"E. Sur, Y. Öznurlu, T. Ozaydin","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4472","url":null,"abstract":"Ghrelin, called as appetite or hunger hormone, is mainly produced by gastric glands, and it stimulates appetite. Because of increasing food intake during pregnancy due to augmented metabolic demands, the gastrointestinal tract problems have more serious clinical importance in this period. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pregnancy on ghrelin immunoreactivity in the gastric mucosa of fundus in mice. For this purpose a total of 20 Swiss albino female mice at 12–14 weeks of age were used. The tissue samples were collected on days 3 (early-E), 10 (mid-M), and 17 (late-L) of pregnancy. Tissue samples were taken from the great curvature of stomach. Ghrelin was demonstrated immunohistochemically using peroxidase-labelled streptavidin biotin complex method. H-score was used for semi quantitatively analysis of ghrelin-positive cells. Although the g hrelin-immunoreactive cells were scattered throughout the fundic glands, it was observed that they mainly located at the lower portion of these glands. Immunoreactivity was diffuse pattern in the cell cytoplasm. The ghrelin positive cells increased during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant control animals while the mean H-score, reflects the number and intensity of immunoreactive cells, was found the most higher at early and mid- gestational periods (C: 321 ,50±8, 35 ; E: 419 , 20±11 , 24 ; M: 423 , 50±15 , 12 ; L: 378 , 05±17 , 07, p<0,05 ). It was concluded that these findings obtained from this study may suggested a new explanation for the relation to between the pregnancy and gastrointestinal disturbances.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"19 1","pages":"672-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91316816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The incidence of RTA is ever increasing has been associated with wide range of injuries. The present study aims to provide better anesthetic options for lower limb surgeries in order to improve intra as well as post- operative outcomes. Methodology: Total of 100 Patients of ASA Grade I and II between the age of 18 and 60 years, undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries, were randomly allocated to one of the two treatment group. Patients in study group A receive 17 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine and 0.5mcg per kg of Dexmedetomidine (DXM), while study group B receives 17 ml solution of 0.75% ropivacaine and 1.5mcg per kg of DXM. Bromage scale was used to measure motor blocked and grades of sedation were evaluated using Ramsay sedation score. Peri and post block characteristics as well as hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Results: The demographic profiles and the post op block characteristics of the patients in the two groups were comparable. The results of the study has shown that the addition of 0.5 mcg per kg of DXM to 17 ml solution of 0.75% ropivacaine not only prolongs the duration of analgesia but also provides desired sedation levels with peri and post-operative period hemodynamic stability during the surgical procedure. Conclusion: Titrating optimum dose of DXM as epidural adjuvant with desired duration of sensory and motor block; peri and post operative analgesia; level & duration of sedation and hemodynamic stability, it is concluded by the study that 1.5 mcg dose of DXM gives no additional benefit over 0.5 mcg/kg dose, neither to the patients nor to the surgical team.
{"title":"Study of additive effect of Dexmedetomidine added to epidural Ropivacaine for orthopedic lower limb procedures","authors":"Mathews Jacob, N. Agrawal, D. Paul","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4396","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence of RTA is ever increasing has been associated with wide range of injuries. The present study aims to provide better anesthetic options for lower limb surgeries in order to improve intra as well as post- operative outcomes. Methodology: Total of 100 Patients of ASA Grade I and II between the age of 18 and 60 years, undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries, were randomly allocated to one of the two treatment group. Patients in study group A receive 17 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine and 0.5mcg per kg of Dexmedetomidine (DXM), while study group B receives 17 ml solution of 0.75% ropivacaine and 1.5mcg per kg of DXM. Bromage scale was used to measure motor blocked and grades of sedation were evaluated using Ramsay sedation score. Peri and post block characteristics as well as hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Results: The demographic profiles and the post op block characteristics of the patients in the two groups were comparable. The results of the study has shown that the addition of 0.5 mcg per kg of DXM to 17 ml solution of 0.75% ropivacaine not only prolongs the duration of analgesia but also provides desired sedation levels with peri and post-operative period hemodynamic stability during the surgical procedure. Conclusion: Titrating optimum dose of DXM as epidural adjuvant with desired duration of sensory and motor block; peri and post operative analgesia; level & duration of sedation and hemodynamic stability, it is concluded by the study that 1.5 mcg dose of DXM gives no additional benefit over 0.5 mcg/kg dose, neither to the patients nor to the surgical team.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"14 1","pages":"699-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89015895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood stain analysis is an important area in crime investigation; which might get affected due to many condition. In present study the blood stains were prepared on different fabrics and then placed in different environmental conditions (different temperatures and pH) and was analyzed by chemical reagent (phenolphthalein). We found that the adverse temperature conditions interferes in identification of blood stains and it should be taken into consideration while analysis.
{"title":"Identification of blood stains under different environmental conditions","authors":"Khushbu Katiyar, Shalika Nigam, Rashmi Kulkarni","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4522","url":null,"abstract":"Blood stain analysis is an important area in crime investigation; which might get affected due to many condition. In present study the blood stains were prepared on different fabrics and then placed in different environmental conditions (different temperatures and pH) and was analyzed by chemical reagent (phenolphthalein). We found that the adverse temperature conditions interferes in identification of blood stains and it should be taken into consideration while analysis.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"117 1","pages":"707-710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78674059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. K. Tetteh, Rajeswari Shanmugam, Steven Alderson
Haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) represents a key biomarker in diabetes diagnosis and management, as it is indicative of glucose control during the preceding 2-3 months. Laboratories undertaking the measurement of HbA1c utilize Quality Controls (QC) to monitor precision, accuracy and reproducibility of results generated which is an integral part of any health care laboratory. Commercial companies supply lyophilised QC materials with Target mean and acceptable range. After reconstitution it is stable for 7 days as per the control inserts. The stability of reconstituted lyophilised QC material beyond 7 days is not well established and there are lacunae in the literature about the stability of reconstituted QC material at temperatures below 0C. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple method to extend the stability of are constituted commercial HbA1c lyophilised QC material in an attempt to maximize its usage, reduce wastage and make significant cost savings. Clinical laboratories could easily adopt this proposed method as it is easy to implement, and would extend the stability of their reconstituted lyophilised Quality Control (QC) material for a much longer period.
{"title":"A cost effective method for stabilizing commercial QC for the measurement of HbA1c using TOSOH G8 analyser","authors":"G. K. Tetteh, Rajeswari Shanmugam, Steven Alderson","doi":"10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBR.V8I12.4493","url":null,"abstract":"Haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) represents a key biomarker in diabetes diagnosis and management, as it is indicative of glucose control during the preceding 2-3 months. Laboratories undertaking the measurement of HbA1c utilize Quality Controls (QC) to monitor precision, accuracy and reproducibility of results generated which is an integral part of any health care laboratory. Commercial companies supply lyophilised QC materials with Target mean and acceptable range. After reconstitution it is stable for 7 days as per the control inserts. The stability of reconstituted lyophilised QC material beyond 7 days is not well established and there are lacunae in the literature about the stability of reconstituted QC material at temperatures below 0C. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple method to extend the stability of are constituted commercial HbA1c lyophilised QC material in an attempt to maximize its usage, reduce wastage and make significant cost savings. Clinical laboratories could easily adopt this proposed method as it is easy to implement, and would extend the stability of their reconstituted lyophilised Quality Control (QC) material for a much longer period.","PeriodicalId":13909,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biomedical research","volume":"38 1","pages":"657-660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83070070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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