Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.36
A. Bhat, Suhail Wani, Javed Ahmad Nabir
Introduction: Nonunion of humeral fractures after conservative or surgical treatment represents a disabling condition for the patient and a challenge for the surgeon. Study aimed to evaluate the outcome of treatment of humeral shaft nonunions with dynamic compression plate and cancellous bone graft. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Orthopaedics, GMC Srinagar from June 2016 to December 2019. Twenty patients were operated over this period. Trauma was the cause of injury in majority of the patients. Nonunion was atrophic in 80% and hypertrophic in 20% of the individuals. All the patients had closed fracture at presentation, and 70% had received previous treatment from traditional bone setters and 30% had failure of the conservative cast management. Results: The average time to union was 18 weeks. Treatment previously from traditional bone setters significantly affected the time to fracture union (p<0.05). All fractures united successfully. Conclusion: we concluded that treatment with dynamic compression plating and cancellous bone grafting remains an effective treatment option for nonunion of humeral shaft.
{"title":"Results of Surgical treatment of Nonunion of Humeral Shaft Fracture with Dynamic Compression Plate and Cancellous Bone Grafting","authors":"A. Bhat, Suhail Wani, Javed Ahmad Nabir","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonunion of humeral fractures after conservative or surgical treatment represents a disabling condition for the patient and a challenge for the surgeon. Study aimed to evaluate the outcome of treatment of humeral shaft nonunions with dynamic compression plate and cancellous bone graft. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Orthopaedics, GMC Srinagar from June 2016 to December 2019. Twenty patients were operated over this period. Trauma was the cause of injury in majority of the patients. Nonunion was atrophic in 80% and hypertrophic in 20% of the individuals. All the patients had closed fracture at presentation, and 70% had received previous treatment from traditional bone setters and 30% had failure of the conservative cast management. Results: The average time to union was 18 weeks. Treatment previously from traditional bone setters significantly affected the time to fracture union (p<0.05). All fractures united successfully. Conclusion: we concluded that treatment with dynamic compression plating and cancellous bone grafting remains an effective treatment option for nonunion of humeral shaft.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79980313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.1.20
A. Saxena, Abhinav K. Srivastava, Chander Mohan, Amit Kumar
Introduction: Upper and lower respiratory diseases are closely related which has been well documented in literature. Even though a relationship between upper and lower airway disease has been described, altered pulmonary function in patients with upper airway diseases is still not fully understood. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of chronic nasal obstruction on pulmonary function and to compare the pulmonary function in same patients after surgical relief of nasal obstruction. Material and methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly between November 2017 to October 2018. 56 patients with chronic nasal obstruction due to either deviated nasal septum or chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyp underwent pulmonary function testing pre and post-operatively at 6 weeks and results were compared. Results: The most common age group affected was less than thirty years accounting for more than 50%. Mean age of total sample size was 24.2 ± 6.98 years. Thirty three (58.9%) patients were males while 23(41.07%) patients were females. Out of 56 subjects, 34(60.71%) patients underwent septoplasty, while 22(39.28%) patients underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Clinically and statistically significant improvement in FEV1 and FVC was observed irrespective of age, gender or duration of obstruction. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral nasal obstruction had worse pulmonary function initially and more significant improvement after surgery, suggesting an association of bilateral obstruction with bad prognosis.
{"title":"Effect of Chronic Nasal Obstruction on Pulmonary Function","authors":"A. Saxena, Abhinav K. Srivastava, Chander Mohan, Amit Kumar","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Upper and lower respiratory diseases are closely related which has been well documented in literature. Even though a relationship between upper and lower airway disease has been described, altered pulmonary function in patients with upper airway diseases is still not fully understood. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of chronic nasal obstruction on pulmonary function and to compare the pulmonary function in same patients after surgical relief of nasal obstruction. Material and methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly between November 2017 to October 2018. 56 patients with chronic nasal obstruction due to either deviated nasal septum or chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyp underwent pulmonary function testing pre and post-operatively at 6 weeks and results were compared. Results: The most common age group affected was less than thirty years accounting for more than 50%. Mean age of total sample size was 24.2 ± 6.98 years. Thirty three (58.9%) patients were males while 23(41.07%) patients were females. Out of 56 subjects, 34(60.71%) patients underwent septoplasty, while 22(39.28%) patients underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Clinically and statistically significant improvement in FEV1 and FVC was observed irrespective of age, gender or duration of obstruction. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral nasal obstruction had worse pulmonary function initially and more significant improvement after surgery, suggesting an association of bilateral obstruction with bad prognosis.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86881573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.1.15
S. Nisha, R. Kumari, U. Kumar
Introduction: Thyroid disorders in pregnancy are among the common endocrine disorders. During pregnancy several physiological changes occur in maternal thyroid function and failure to adapt to these changes result in thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunctions have many adverse effects on mother and fetus, like miscarriages, preeclampsia, eclampsia, placental abruption, preterm delivery, low birth weight, post partum haemorrhage, neonatal hypothyroidism and impaired neurological and intellectual development of fetus. Study aimed to find out the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and to know maternal and foetal outcome. Material and methods: This cross sectional clinical study was carried out at Obstetrics and Gynecology department in collaboration with Biochemistry Department, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar from August 2018 to August 2019 including 100 pregnant women with single intrauterine pregnancy in first trimester between 6-14th weeks of gestation. TSH level was estimated in all the pregnant women along with FT3, FT4, and Anti TPO Ab. According to the thyroid profile, patients were divided into 4 groupsNormal/ Subclinical/ Overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and followed till delivery for maternal and perinatal outcome. Results: In our study of 100 patients, 87 were found to have normal thyroid function and 13 cases were having subclinical hypothyroidism, using a cut off TSH level of 2.5-10uIU/ml in AntiTPO Ab positive and 4-10uIU/ml in AntiTPO Ab negative cases. No case of hyperthyroidism or overt hypothyroidism was found. These 100 patients were divided into two groups. Patients having normal thyroid function were included in Group 1 and patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were included in group 2. In subclinical hypothyroidism group 5(38.46%) cases were AntiTPO Ab positive and 8 cases were AntiTPO Ab negative. Conclusion: Our study concludes that there is high prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (13%) in pregnant women during 1st trimester. No significant difference was seen in maternal and foetal outcome between euthyroid patients and treated subclinical hypothyroid patients.
{"title":"Maternal Serum TSH Value in Early Pregnancy and its Relation with Pregnancy Outcome","authors":"S. Nisha, R. Kumari, U. Kumar","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thyroid disorders in pregnancy are among the common endocrine disorders. During pregnancy several physiological changes occur in maternal thyroid function and failure to adapt to these changes result in thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunctions have many adverse effects on mother and fetus, like miscarriages, preeclampsia, eclampsia, placental abruption, preterm delivery, low birth weight, post partum haemorrhage, neonatal hypothyroidism and impaired neurological and intellectual development of fetus. Study aimed to find out the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and to know maternal and foetal outcome. Material and methods: This cross sectional clinical study was carried out at Obstetrics and Gynecology department in collaboration with Biochemistry Department, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar from August 2018 to August 2019 including 100 pregnant women with single intrauterine pregnancy in first trimester between 6-14th weeks of gestation. TSH level was estimated in all the pregnant women along with FT3, FT4, and Anti TPO Ab. According to the thyroid profile, patients were divided into 4 groupsNormal/ Subclinical/ Overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and followed till delivery for maternal and perinatal outcome. Results: In our study of 100 patients, 87 were found to have normal thyroid function and 13 cases were having subclinical hypothyroidism, using a cut off TSH level of 2.5-10uIU/ml in AntiTPO Ab positive and 4-10uIU/ml in AntiTPO Ab negative cases. No case of hyperthyroidism or overt hypothyroidism was found. These 100 patients were divided into two groups. Patients having normal thyroid function were included in Group 1 and patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were included in group 2. In subclinical hypothyroidism group 5(38.46%) cases were AntiTPO Ab positive and 8 cases were AntiTPO Ab negative. Conclusion: Our study concludes that there is high prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (13%) in pregnant women during 1st trimester. No significant difference was seen in maternal and foetal outcome between euthyroid patients and treated subclinical hypothyroid patients.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81948306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.12.36
A. Kujur, N. D’souza
Introduction: Skin grafting is a common reconstructive technique done in plastic surgery. Management of split skin graft donor sites are targeted at promoting faster healing, minimizing pain and complications. A vast number of dressing options for donor sites are available. Search for a better dressing method continues. Aim of this study was to determine the best method of dressing the donor site among three different methods with respect to the rate of healing, pain, exudates and infection. Material and methods: Institutional ethical clearance and patient consent was obtained prior to start of the study. Based on investigator’s previous clinical experience, sample size of 75 was arrived at with a power of 80%. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups by Graph Pad quick calc computing provided by statistician. Group Adressings with conventional paraffin gauze. Group B-dressings with non woven dressings impregnated with amorphous hydrogel. Group Cdressings with amorphous hydrogel with colloidal silver and paraffin gauze. Statistical analysis was done by Anova and Kruskal Wallis Test. Results: Median healing percentage was 98%, 96% and 99% in groups A, B, C respectively on 8th post operative day. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.033). Pain score on post op day 3 was lower in group C (P=0.08). Two patients had infection one in group b and one in group c, which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Patients undergoing dressings with amorphous hydrogel with colloidal silver and paraffin gauze had faster healing and experienced lower pain.
{"title":"Comparison of Three Methods of Dressings for Split Thickness Skin Graft Donor Site - Non Woven Dressing Impregnated with Amorphous Hydrogel, Amorphous Hydrogel with Colloidal Silver and Conventional Paraffin Gauze Dressing","authors":"A. Kujur, N. D’souza","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.12.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.12.36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Skin grafting is a common reconstructive technique done in plastic surgery. Management of split skin graft donor sites are targeted at promoting faster healing, minimizing pain and complications. A vast number of dressing options for donor sites are available. Search for a better dressing method continues. Aim of this study was to determine the best method of dressing the donor site among three different methods with respect to the rate of healing, pain, exudates and infection. Material and methods: Institutional ethical clearance and patient consent was obtained prior to start of the study. Based on investigator’s previous clinical experience, sample size of 75 was arrived at with a power of 80%. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups by Graph Pad quick calc computing provided by statistician. Group Adressings with conventional paraffin gauze. Group B-dressings with non woven dressings impregnated with amorphous hydrogel. Group Cdressings with amorphous hydrogel with colloidal silver and paraffin gauze. Statistical analysis was done by Anova and Kruskal Wallis Test. Results: Median healing percentage was 98%, 96% and 99% in groups A, B, C respectively on 8th post operative day. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.033). Pain score on post op day 3 was lower in group C (P=0.08). Two patients had infection one in group b and one in group c, which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Patients undergoing dressings with amorphous hydrogel with colloidal silver and paraffin gauze had faster healing and experienced lower pain.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81205208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.12.34
A. Varma, Garima Malpani, S. Kosta, K. Malukani, Bela Sarda, Avinash Raghuvanshi
Introduction: Blood transfusion is both a life saving measure in many medical and surgical emergencies and a source of transfusion transmitted infections. So a provision for strict criteria in recruitment and deferral of blood donors may improve safe transfusion practice. The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in voluntary and replacement donors at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Indore, Madhya Pradesh,Central India. Material and Methods: The present study was a 4 year retrospective study from 2015 to 2018. Data was analyzed from blood bank records,pertaining to all donors who were screened for HBsAg, Hepatitis C virus and HIV by using appropriate methods. Results: A total of 45,704 Voluntary & replacement donors were screened out of which 44,663 (97.72%) were males & 1041 (2.27%) were females. The overall seroprevalence of HBV & HCV was 1.29% & 0.072% respectively, while the prevalence of HIV was 0.076%.The prevalence rate was highest for HBV followed by HIV and HCV in decreasing order. The overall seroprevalence of various TTI’s among the studied donors was 1.43%. Conclusion: Blood is still one of the main sources of transmission of infections like HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. Extensive donor selection and screening procedures will help in improving the blood safety.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Central India","authors":"A. Varma, Garima Malpani, S. Kosta, K. Malukani, Bela Sarda, Avinash Raghuvanshi","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.12.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.12.34","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Blood transfusion is both a life saving measure in many medical and surgical emergencies and a source of transfusion transmitted infections. So a provision for strict criteria in recruitment and deferral of blood donors may improve safe transfusion practice. The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in voluntary and replacement donors at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Indore, Madhya Pradesh,Central India. Material and Methods: The present study was a 4 year retrospective study from 2015 to 2018. Data was analyzed from blood bank records,pertaining to all donors who were screened for HBsAg, Hepatitis C virus and HIV by using appropriate methods. Results: A total of 45,704 Voluntary & replacement donors were screened out of which 44,663 (97.72%) were males & 1041 (2.27%) were females. The overall seroprevalence of HBV & HCV was 1.29% & 0.072% respectively, while the prevalence of HIV was 0.076%.The prevalence rate was highest for HBV followed by HIV and HCV in decreasing order. The overall seroprevalence of various TTI’s among the studied donors was 1.43%. Conclusion: Blood is still one of the main sources of transmission of infections like HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. Extensive donor selection and screening procedures will help in improving the blood safety.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84814830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.22
Raghuveer Pedamallu
Introduction: Bladder cancer is one of the common urological malignancy. The aim of this study was to analyze perioperative complications and mortality in our institute following radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Material and methods: Thirty four patients presented with muscle invasive bladder cancer for radical cystectomy to urology department between August 2009 and December 2011 was included in the study. Results: Patients mean age was 56.9 Years. There was higher percentage of Male patients compared to Female patients with ratio of 4.6:1 and most of the patients had ASA score <= 2.0. Mean operating time and length of hospital stay was 4.2 hours and 10.2 days respectively. Perioperative complications was observed in 32.35% of patient cohort and perioperative mortality rate of 2.94%. The most frequent complications were ileus (6 patients) followed by wound infection / wound dehiscence (4 patients). No preoperative factors predicted complications were found except for age. Conclusion: In our study, age was the only preoperative factors predicted complication and mortality rate. With proper selection of patients, and preoperative evaluation, surgical technique and better postoperative care, Radical cystectomy with urinary diversion can be safely done in selected patients with acceptable morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"Analysis of Perioperative Complications Following Radical Cystectomy – Our Experience in a South Indian Tertiary Urology Centre","authors":"Raghuveer Pedamallu","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bladder cancer is one of the common urological malignancy. The aim of this study was to analyze perioperative complications and mortality in our institute following radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Material and methods: Thirty four patients presented with muscle invasive bladder cancer for radical cystectomy to urology department between August 2009 and December 2011 was included in the study. Results: Patients mean age was 56.9 Years. There was higher percentage of Male patients compared to Female patients with ratio of 4.6:1 and most of the patients had ASA score <= 2.0. Mean operating time and length of hospital stay was 4.2 hours and 10.2 days respectively. Perioperative complications was observed in 32.35% of patient cohort and perioperative mortality rate of 2.94%. The most frequent complications were ileus (6 patients) followed by wound infection / wound dehiscence (4 patients). No preoperative factors predicted complications were found except for age. Conclusion: In our study, age was the only preoperative factors predicted complication and mortality rate. With proper selection of patients, and preoperative evaluation, surgical technique and better postoperative care, Radical cystectomy with urinary diversion can be safely done in selected patients with acceptable morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77809772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.26
Jaya Pathak, Varoon J. Vadodariya, A. Jhala, Deesha Bhojwani, Niravkumar Brahmbhatt
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is associated with many complications such as microvascular, macrovascular and non vascular. Presence of anemia in diabetes is due to the disease itself rather than usual causes of anemia. Apart from causing usual symptoms, anemia also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetics. Here, we have conducted a study to compare the presence of anemia in patients with Diabetes, with that in healthy population. Material and Methods: A case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital setting in Vadodara,Gujarat. A total of 120 patients were enrolled, of which 60 were cases who had Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and 60 were healthy controls, matched for age and gender. A detailed clinical history and examination was done for both cases and controls. Blood investigations in form of a complete hemogram, thin peripheral smear, blood sugar and serum creatinine was done. Only individuals with normal serum creatinine levels were included in the study. Comparison was done between the two groups for the presence of anemia, in absence of renal involvement. Results: Anemia was more prevelant in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus when compared to controls (Odds Ratio = 2.04, P < 0.05). On comparing the anemic cases and controls in both genders, the Odds ratio for males and females was 2.14 and 2.04 respectively with P < 0.05. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 are at a higher risk of suffering from anemia irrespective of their renal function.
{"title":"Anemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Absence of Renal Insufficiency","authors":"Jaya Pathak, Varoon J. Vadodariya, A. Jhala, Deesha Bhojwani, Niravkumar Brahmbhatt","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.26","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is associated with many complications such as microvascular, macrovascular and non vascular. Presence of anemia in diabetes is due to the disease itself rather than usual causes of anemia. Apart from causing usual symptoms, anemia also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetics. Here, we have conducted a study to compare the presence of anemia in patients with Diabetes, with that in healthy population. Material and Methods: A case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital setting in Vadodara,Gujarat. A total of 120 patients were enrolled, of which 60 were cases who had Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and 60 were healthy controls, matched for age and gender. A detailed clinical history and examination was done for both cases and controls. Blood investigations in form of a complete hemogram, thin peripheral smear, blood sugar and serum creatinine was done. Only individuals with normal serum creatinine levels were included in the study. Comparison was done between the two groups for the presence of anemia, in absence of renal involvement. Results: Anemia was more prevelant in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus when compared to controls (Odds Ratio = 2.04, P < 0.05). On comparing the anemic cases and controls in both genders, the Odds ratio for males and females was 2.14 and 2.04 respectively with P < 0.05. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 are at a higher risk of suffering from anemia irrespective of their renal function.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83097619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.31
R. Das, Suman Ghosh, D. Guha
Introduction: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is considered as initial management of all patients with locally advanced breast cancers and followed by surgery. NACT enables reduction of breast tumor sizethereby prolonging survival and altered the expression of steroid receptor (ER/PR) and Her-2/NEU in the cancer cells. Our aims and objective was to look into the association of patient age, tumor grade, expression status of ER/ PR / Her-2/neu receptor status before and after NACT in Indian women patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted over a period of 4 years. Hormone receptor and Her-2/neu status was determined by IHC over 412 samples. The patients receiving NACT and having both core needle biopsy and surgery (MRM) are considered as NACT group. The other group did not receive NACT but have core needle biopsy and surgery are taken as non NACT group. The discordance was compared between these two groups. Results: Patients of more than 40years of age had predominantly favorable hormone receptor status expression. In the NACT group favorable receptor status was 60.35% and discordance was higher in ER, PR and HER2/neu in comparison to non-NACT group. Conclusions: Significant alteration of hormone receptors and Her-2/neu expression was found in biopsy of the patients receiving NACT. So reevaluation of the hormonal status and Her 2 neu receptor in residual invasive carcinoma may be considered as it has advantage on chemotherapy after final surgery.
{"title":"The Predictive and Prognostic behavior of Breast Cancer by NACT in Relation to Tumor Grade, ER/PR and Her- 2/neu Expression- Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India","authors":"R. Das, Suman Ghosh, D. Guha","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.31","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is considered as initial management of all patients with locally advanced breast cancers and followed by surgery. NACT enables reduction of breast tumor sizethereby prolonging survival and altered the expression of steroid receptor (ER/PR) and Her-2/NEU in the cancer cells. Our aims and objective was to look into the association of patient age, tumor grade, expression status of ER/ PR / Her-2/neu receptor status before and after NACT in Indian women patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted over a period of 4 years. Hormone receptor and Her-2/neu status was determined by IHC over 412 samples. The patients receiving NACT and having both core needle biopsy and surgery (MRM) are considered as NACT group. The other group did not receive NACT but have core needle biopsy and surgery are taken as non NACT group. The discordance was compared between these two groups. Results: Patients of more than 40years of age had predominantly favorable hormone receptor status expression. In the NACT group favorable receptor status was 60.35% and discordance was higher in ER, PR and HER2/neu in comparison to non-NACT group. Conclusions: Significant alteration of hormone receptors and Her-2/neu expression was found in biopsy of the patients receiving NACT. So reevaluation of the hormonal status and Her 2 neu receptor in residual invasive carcinoma may be considered as it has advantage on chemotherapy after final surgery.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85248638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.32
Ronauk Singh, P. Dua, P. Prakash, S. Bhandari
Introduction: Excessive wear of dentition results in functional disharmony, loss of esthetics, pulpal injuries and compromises longevity of dentition adversely. The etiological factors of tooth wear may be abrasion, attrition, or erosion acting individually or in combination. Case Report: The present case report emphasizes the use of a ‘sectional occlusal verticalization splint’, as a guide for full mouth rehabilitation. As the treatment plan envisaged was occlusal rehabilitation using reorganized approach, sectional splint offered the advantage of restoring the exact amount of vertical dimension to which patient had got programmed. The vertical dimension was maintained during various phases of segmental technique using sectional splint. Conclusion: Although there are plethora of philosophies and techniques available for full mouth rehabilitation there is a limited evidence-based literature on a particular method for exact restoration of vertical dimension. Also, due to presence of many hard and soft tissues variables in human stomatognathic system, making various occlusal records and repeated transfer to mechanical articulator may introduce errors. Therefore, an occlusal ‘verticalization splint’, well accepted by patients stomathognathic dynamics, may act as the best guide to restore vertical dimension with an added advantage of reduction in errors due to omission of various steps of occlusal recordings, transfers and use of mechanical
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Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.41
Mahima Lall, S. Sen, R. Gupta
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