Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.7
Sayar Ahmad Taley, K. Ganaie, Mohammad Saleem Dar
Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease, mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its incidence have increased across the globe. Objective: This was a hospital based retrospective study and was used to determine the role of CT in establishing the definitive diagnosis of spinal TB. Material and Methods: The patient data was retrieved from the digital database of the hospital. Out of 120 patients, 14 patients were included in this study. Patients age, sex, symptoms and signs were noted down. CT scan with axial, coronal and sagittal sections were studied. Axial, coronal and sagittal sections of CT were reviewed by an expert radiologist. Results: Fourteen (11.4%) adults with spinal tuberculosis were found among 120 patients during this study period. The mean age (± SD) in our cases was 46.5 (± 22.0) years. Out of 14, 8 were males and 6 were females, with male: female ratio of 1.4. The mean duration was 1.25 years. The most common feature was rachialgia which was seen in 93% of cases, followed by segmental spinal stiffness (50%). The diagnosis in these cases was based on history, physical examination, vertebral radiographs, CT scan and response the medications. On vertebral imaging, lumbar lesions (57%) were seen in most of the cases, followed by dorsal (36%) and cervical (7%) involvement. The prognosis was good in all these cases except in two patients with medullary compression. Conclusion: In the recent years, the incidence of spinal TB has increased in both the developed and developing nations and is difficult to diagnose as histopathology is not done straight away in such cases. The presence of back pain associated with major radiological signs of spondylosis on CT can be used to diagnose this condition
{"title":"Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis -A Computed Tomography Study","authors":"Sayar Ahmad Taley, K. Ganaie, Mohammad Saleem Dar","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease, mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its incidence have increased across the globe. Objective: This was a hospital based retrospective study and was used to determine the role of CT in establishing the definitive diagnosis of spinal TB. Material and Methods: The patient data was retrieved from the digital database of the hospital. Out of 120 patients, 14 patients were included in this study. Patients age, sex, symptoms and signs were noted down. CT scan with axial, coronal and sagittal sections were studied. Axial, coronal and sagittal sections of CT were reviewed by an expert radiologist. Results: Fourteen (11.4%) adults with spinal tuberculosis were found among 120 patients during this study period. The mean age (± SD) in our cases was 46.5 (± 22.0) years. Out of 14, 8 were males and 6 were females, with male: female ratio of 1.4. The mean duration was 1.25 years. The most common feature was rachialgia which was seen in 93% of cases, followed by segmental spinal stiffness (50%). The diagnosis in these cases was based on history, physical examination, vertebral radiographs, CT scan and response the medications. On vertebral imaging, lumbar lesions (57%) were seen in most of the cases, followed by dorsal (36%) and cervical (7%) involvement. The prognosis was good in all these cases except in two patients with medullary compression. Conclusion: In the recent years, the incidence of spinal TB has increased in both the developed and developing nations and is difficult to diagnose as histopathology is not done straight away in such cases. The presence of back pain associated with major radiological signs of spondylosis on CT can be used to diagnose this condition","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87285019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.33
S. Pant, H. Dhingra, Anshul Gupta, R. Misra
Introduction: Inspection of the bone marrow is considered one of the most valuable diagnostic tool to evaluate hematologic malignancies. This study compares all three techniques of bone marrow aspiration (BMA), bone marrow imprint (BMI) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) in morphological diagnosis of hematological malignancies. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 63 selected cases of various hematological malignancies. Only those cases in which bone marrow examination was done by using all the three techniques were included in the study. Results: Out of total 63 cases,53 cases were diagnosed on bone marrow aspirate smears with diagnostic accuracy of 84.12%, 60 cases were diagnosed on bone marrow imprint smears with diagnostic accuracy of 95.23% and all 63 cases were diagnosed on bone marrow biopsy with diagnostic accuracy of 100%. Conclusion: It is concluded that bone marrow imprints are equally useful as bone marrow biopsy in diagnosing hematological malignancies. Imprint cytology should therefore be a standard practice for evaluating bone marrow in cases of hematological malignancies.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Bone Marrow Aspiration Smears, Touch Imprints and Trephine Biopsy in Haematological Malignancies","authors":"S. Pant, H. Dhingra, Anshul Gupta, R. Misra","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.33","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inspection of the bone marrow is considered one of the most valuable diagnostic tool to evaluate hematologic malignancies. This study compares all three techniques of bone marrow aspiration (BMA), bone marrow imprint (BMI) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) in morphological diagnosis of hematological malignancies. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 63 selected cases of various hematological malignancies. Only those cases in which bone marrow examination was done by using all the three techniques were included in the study. Results: Out of total 63 cases,53 cases were diagnosed on bone marrow aspirate smears with diagnostic accuracy of 84.12%, 60 cases were diagnosed on bone marrow imprint smears with diagnostic accuracy of 95.23% and all 63 cases were diagnosed on bone marrow biopsy with diagnostic accuracy of 100%. Conclusion: It is concluded that bone marrow imprints are equally useful as bone marrow biopsy in diagnosing hematological malignancies. Imprint cytology should therefore be a standard practice for evaluating bone marrow in cases of hematological malignancies.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80070509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.16
H SanthoshPaiB, N. Chandran, D. Prabhu
Introduction: Maintenance dialysis patients experience a high burden of physical and emotional symptoms that directly affect their quality of life and health care utilization. Patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD), 80% of them have reported with complaints of subjective sleep abnormalities. Frequent reports have documented in these patients such as sleep disturbances manifestation as insomnia, sleep apnea syndrome, restless leg syndrome (RLS) periodic limb movement disorders, and excessive day time sleepiness. Present study focused to find the quality of sleep and sleep abnormalities in patients with ESRD. Material and methods: Patient data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI); The demographic and clinic questionnaire contained questions about age, gender, place of residence, dialysis frequency, HD (Haemodialysis) duration. Scoring of seven components answers is based on a 0 to 3 scale which reflects the various states of sleeping disorders. Results: Study showed that during the earlier stage of hemodialysis patients may have a high PSQI test score. In the period of 312-month patients are facing poor sleep quality; indicating that in the earlier period of treatment patients may have taken more stress and conscious to adjust with hemodialysis as a routine treatment procedure for the rest of the life. This may instigate to have a high score in PSQI test score. Conclusion: The current study indicates that RLS, poor quality sleep, and EDS are common in ESRD patients under hemodialysis. Additional studies involving the change of hemodialysis shift may provide a better understanding of the correlation between time duration dialysis and sleeping disturbances.
{"title":"Sleeplessness in Patients with end-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Dialysis Therapy in a Tertiary Care Center","authors":"H SanthoshPaiB, N. Chandran, D. Prabhu","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Maintenance dialysis patients experience a high burden of physical and emotional symptoms that directly affect their quality of life and health care utilization. Patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD), 80% of them have reported with complaints of subjective sleep abnormalities. Frequent reports have documented in these patients such as sleep disturbances manifestation as insomnia, sleep apnea syndrome, restless leg syndrome (RLS) periodic limb movement disorders, and excessive day time sleepiness. Present study focused to find the quality of sleep and sleep abnormalities in patients with ESRD. Material and methods: Patient data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI); The demographic and clinic questionnaire contained questions about age, gender, place of residence, dialysis frequency, HD (Haemodialysis) duration. Scoring of seven components answers is based on a 0 to 3 scale which reflects the various states of sleeping disorders. Results: Study showed that during the earlier stage of hemodialysis patients may have a high PSQI test score. In the period of 312-month patients are facing poor sleep quality; indicating that in the earlier period of treatment patients may have taken more stress and conscious to adjust with hemodialysis as a routine treatment procedure for the rest of the life. This may instigate to have a high score in PSQI test score. Conclusion: The current study indicates that RLS, poor quality sleep, and EDS are common in ESRD patients under hemodialysis. Additional studies involving the change of hemodialysis shift may provide a better understanding of the correlation between time duration dialysis and sleeping disturbances.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75935216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.22
S. Chakraborty, Sita Chatterjee Debasish Sinha, M. Basu, R. Misra
Introduction: Varying prevalence of Work Related Neck Pain has been reported in different occupational groups. Employees of Bank industries are subjected to various physical demands, prolonged sitting and standing postures which may lead to neck pain. Material and Methods: An observational cross sectional study was conducted among 270 Bank employees of selected Nationalised banks from June-July 2018 using a pre designed pre tested structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis plan: For Descriptive statistics: mean± SD, for categorical variables: frequency(n) & proportion(%),to test association: chi square test. Results: About 47.41% suffered from WRNP. Significant association were found between WRNP and higher age, education below graduation, duration of employment, bad posture, environment, mental stress, job pressure) and ergonomics of work station, height of monitor screen, distance from mouse to edge of table etc. Conclusion: Sensitization of all bank employees about WRNP and its effects, training programme for good working posture and improvement of working environment may be addressed.
{"title":"A Study on Work Related Neck Pain among Bank Employees in Kolkata, India","authors":"S. Chakraborty, Sita Chatterjee Debasish Sinha, M. Basu, R. Misra","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Varying prevalence of Work Related Neck Pain has been reported in different occupational groups. Employees of Bank industries are subjected to various physical demands, prolonged sitting and standing postures which may lead to neck pain. Material and Methods: An observational cross sectional study was conducted among 270 Bank employees of selected Nationalised banks from June-July 2018 using a pre designed pre tested structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis plan: For Descriptive statistics: mean± SD, for categorical variables: frequency(n) & proportion(%),to test association: chi square test. Results: About 47.41% suffered from WRNP. Significant association were found between WRNP and higher age, education below graduation, duration of employment, bad posture, environment, mental stress, job pressure) and ergonomics of work station, height of monitor screen, distance from mouse to edge of table etc. Conclusion: Sensitization of all bank employees about WRNP and its effects, training programme for good working posture and improvement of working environment may be addressed.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89404842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.35
A. Dhawan
Introduction: Postnatally acquired tuberculosis is a serious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is fatal if left untreated. Following case report emphasises the need to consider tubercular infection in newborns and infants presenting with pulmonary infections particularly in India where burden of Tb is high. Case report: we present a case of 68 days old female infant brought to us with cough & respiratory distress. Investigations revealed tubercular infection, which the patient acquired postnatally from her paternal aunt, who was taking care of the child in the initial few days of her life. Conclusion: India is a country with high Tb prevalence. Therefore, in our country, physicians need to have a high index of suspicion for congenital or perinatal tuberculosis while evaluating infants with pneumonia. Early diagnosis and treatment improves the prognosis significantly.
{"title":"A Case of Postnatally Acquired Tuberculosis in a 2 Month Old Infant","authors":"A. Dhawan","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.35","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Postnatally acquired tuberculosis is a serious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is fatal if left untreated. Following case report emphasises the need to consider tubercular infection in newborns and infants presenting with pulmonary infections particularly in India where burden of Tb is high. Case report: we present a case of 68 days old female infant brought to us with cough & respiratory distress. Investigations revealed tubercular infection, which the patient acquired postnatally from her paternal aunt, who was taking care of the child in the initial few days of her life. Conclusion: India is a country with high Tb prevalence. Therefore, in our country, physicians need to have a high index of suspicion for congenital or perinatal tuberculosis while evaluating infants with pneumonia. Early diagnosis and treatment improves the prognosis significantly.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77507510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.18
Anjana Hazarika, Yuwaraj Majumdar
Introduction: Pain was defined by Mountcastle in the year 1968 as “that sensory experience evoked by stimuli that injures”. It is a subjective feeling and failure to relieve pain in any procedure cannot be accepted, both ethically and morally, and adequate pain relief must be treated as basic human right. Pain relief both in peri-operative and post-operative period is the crux of anaesthesia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of epidural Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine in patients undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. Material and Methods: Seventy (70) patients aged 20-60 years (ASA I-II) undergoing infraumbilical surgery were randomly allocated to two groupsGroup BD receiving epidurally 15ml Bupivacaine (0.5%) + Dexmedetomidine (1mg/kg) and Group BC receiving 15ml Bupivacaine (0.5%) + Clonidine (1mg/kg). After securing I/V line, infusion started with R/L and under strict aseptic condition, patients were administered epidural block via 18G Tuohy needle in the sitting or lateral position at L3-L4 intervertebral space. Results: We observed that the time taken for the onset of sensory block at T10 level, time for sensory block upto T6 and the time taken for maximum motor block is less in Group BD compared to Group BC. Regarding the post-operative block, the time to sensory two segment regression, time to sensory regression to S1, time for recovery of motor block and time to first rescue analgesia were more in Group BD compared to Group BC. And the difference between the two groups were significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: On the basis of the findings of our present clinical study, we can come to conclusion that Dexmedetomidine is more effective epidural adjuvant compared to Clonidine in patients undergoing infraumbilical surgery.
引言:1968年，蒙特卡斯尔将疼痛定义为“由伤害刺激引起的感官体验”。疼痛是一种主观感受，不能在任何程序中减轻疼痛，这在伦理和道德上都是不可接受的，充分的疼痛减轻必须被视为基本的人权。围术期和术后疼痛的缓解是麻醉的关键。该研究的目的是评估硬膜外右美托咪定和克拉定作为布比卡因辅助治疗脐下手术患者的疗效。材料与方法:将70例20 ~ 60岁(ASA i ~ ii)行脐下手术的患者随机分为两组:BD组硬膜外布比卡因(0.5%)+右美托咪定(1mg/kg) 15ml; BC组布比卡因(0.5%)+克拉定(1mg/kg) 15ml。固定I/V线后，开始灌注R/L，在严格无菌条件下，在L3-L4椎间隙用18G Tuohy针坐位或侧卧位进行硬膜外阻滞。结果:我们观察到，与BC组相比，BD组T10级感觉阻滞发生时间、T6级感觉阻滞时间和最大运动阻滞时间均短于BC组。术后阻滞方面，BD组感觉两段回归时间、感觉S1段回归时间、运动阻滞恢复时间、首次抢救镇痛时间均高于BC组。两组比较差异有统计学意义(p<0.001)。结论:根据我们目前的临床研究结果，我们可以得出结论，右美托咪定在脐下手术患者的硬膜外辅助治疗中比克拉定更有效。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Efficacy of Epidural Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine with Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Infraumbilical Surgeries","authors":"Anjana Hazarika, Yuwaraj Majumdar","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pain was defined by Mountcastle in the year 1968 as “that sensory experience evoked by stimuli that injures”. It is a subjective feeling and failure to relieve pain in any procedure cannot be accepted, both ethically and morally, and adequate pain relief must be treated as basic human right. Pain relief both in peri-operative and post-operative period is the crux of anaesthesia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of epidural Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine in patients undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. Material and Methods: Seventy (70) patients aged 20-60 years (ASA I-II) undergoing infraumbilical surgery were randomly allocated to two groupsGroup BD receiving epidurally 15ml Bupivacaine (0.5%) + Dexmedetomidine (1mg/kg) and Group BC receiving 15ml Bupivacaine (0.5%) + Clonidine (1mg/kg). After securing I/V line, infusion started with R/L and under strict aseptic condition, patients were administered epidural block via 18G Tuohy needle in the sitting or lateral position at L3-L4 intervertebral space. Results: We observed that the time taken for the onset of sensory block at T10 level, time for sensory block upto T6 and the time taken for maximum motor block is less in Group BD compared to Group BC. Regarding the post-operative block, the time to sensory two segment regression, time to sensory regression to S1, time for recovery of motor block and time to first rescue analgesia were more in Group BD compared to Group BC. And the difference between the two groups were significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: On the basis of the findings of our present clinical study, we can come to conclusion that Dexmedetomidine is more effective epidural adjuvant compared to Clonidine in patients undergoing infraumbilical surgery.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78297921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.21
S. J. Sultan, A. Shah, I. Iqbal, F. Younus, I. Shah
Introduction: Dermatophytosis is a common superficial mycosis associated with significant morbidity. Dermatophytosis which are recurrent and clinically unresponsive to therapy are showing an alarming increase in the last few years. These patients are a potential source of infection to their family members and others closely associated with them. Our study aimed to investigate the risk factors, clinical patterns and causative dermatophyte species in patients with chronic/ recurrent dermatophytosis and patients with first episode of typical tinea. Material And Methods: The enrolled patients were categorized as group I consisting of 81 cases of chronic/ recurrent dermatophytosis and group II consisting of 81 cases of first episode dermatophytosis. After detailed history and thorough clinical examination, wet-mount preparation for direct microscopic examination was done along with fungal culture using Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. Results: In group I, T.mentagrophytes (51.7%) was the most common species isolated followed by T tonsurans (26.7%) and T rubrum(18.3%) while in group II, T tonsurans (43.3%) was the most common species isolated followed by T rubrum (28.4%)and T mentagrophytes(23.9%). Injudicious use of topical steroids, non-compliance with treatment and presence of dermatophyte infection among family members were the major risk factors with significant association with chronic/recurrent infections. Limitations: Lack of follow up of cases, antifungal susceptibility with clinical outcome and Immunological profile of the patients was not studied. Conclusion: Chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis are emerging as a major problem in dermatology practice. Injudicious use of topical steroid containing preparations, non-compliance, presence of intrafamilial infection are major factors for chronic and recurrent infections.
{"title":"Dermatophytosis: an Epidemiological And Clinical Comparative Study in a Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"S. J. Sultan, A. Shah, I. Iqbal, F. Younus, I. Shah","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dermatophytosis is a common superficial mycosis associated with significant morbidity. Dermatophytosis which are recurrent and clinically unresponsive to therapy are showing an alarming increase in the last few years. These patients are a potential source of infection to their family members and others closely associated with them. Our study aimed to investigate the risk factors, clinical patterns and causative dermatophyte species in patients with chronic/ recurrent dermatophytosis and patients with first episode of typical tinea. Material And Methods: The enrolled patients were categorized as group I consisting of 81 cases of chronic/ recurrent dermatophytosis and group II consisting of 81 cases of first episode dermatophytosis. After detailed history and thorough clinical examination, wet-mount preparation for direct microscopic examination was done along with fungal culture using Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. Results: In group I, T.mentagrophytes (51.7%) was the most common species isolated followed by T tonsurans (26.7%) and T rubrum(18.3%) while in group II, T tonsurans (43.3%) was the most common species isolated followed by T rubrum (28.4%)and T mentagrophytes(23.9%). Injudicious use of topical steroids, non-compliance with treatment and presence of dermatophyte infection among family members were the major risk factors with significant association with chronic/recurrent infections. Limitations: Lack of follow up of cases, antifungal susceptibility with clinical outcome and Immunological profile of the patients was not studied. Conclusion: Chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis are emerging as a major problem in dermatology practice. Injudicious use of topical steroid containing preparations, non-compliance, presence of intrafamilial infection are major factors for chronic and recurrent infections.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88273722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.31
T. Radha, A. P.S, Sukumaran Annamalai
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the key important non-communicable diseases of this century in terms of mortality and prevalence. Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is one of the most common macrovascular complications of Type II DM. PVD in risky cases exhibits as claudication or gangrene, but in maximum cases, manifests hidden symptoms. Early detection of vascular changes helps in effective handling of Diabetes and its complications. Study objectives were to assess Ankle Brachial Index in all asymptomatic vasculopathy in type2 diabetic patients of low socio-economic status using a hand-held doppler and to correlate the findings of Ankle Brachial Index with PVD. Material and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study done among the patients with asymptomatic vasculopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients coming to outpatient department as well as admitted as inpatients in Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Centre, Ammapettai, Tamilnadu, India. The study duration was 18 months. Sample size was calculated to be 130. Results: In the study population of 130, using the ankle brachial index, 110 (84.6%) were normal (1 and above). 11 (8.5%) and 9 (6.9%) were having asymptomatic claudication (0.9-0.99) and claudication (<0.9) respectively. The prevalence of PVD is 15.4% in the study population. Conclusion: Ankle Brachial Index is a simple, easy to perform, rapid, reliable and accurate test which can be performed especially among the high risk groups.
{"title":" Screening for Peripheral Vascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients of Lower Socio Economic Status using Ankle Brachial Index - A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study","authors":"T. Radha, A. P.S, Sukumaran Annamalai","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.31","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the key important non-communicable diseases of this century in terms of mortality and prevalence. Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is one of the most common macrovascular complications of Type II DM. PVD in risky cases exhibits as claudication or gangrene, but in maximum cases, manifests hidden symptoms. Early detection of vascular changes helps in effective handling of Diabetes and its complications. Study objectives were to assess Ankle Brachial Index in all asymptomatic vasculopathy in type2 diabetic patients of low socio-economic status using a hand-held doppler and to correlate the findings of Ankle Brachial Index with PVD. Material and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study done among the patients with asymptomatic vasculopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients coming to outpatient department as well as admitted as inpatients in Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Centre, Ammapettai, Tamilnadu, India. The study duration was 18 months. Sample size was calculated to be 130. Results: In the study population of 130, using the ankle brachial index, 110 (84.6%) were normal (1 and above). 11 (8.5%) and 9 (6.9%) were having asymptomatic claudication (0.9-0.99) and claudication (<0.9) respectively. The prevalence of PVD is 15.4% in the study population. Conclusion: Ankle Brachial Index is a simple, easy to perform, rapid, reliable and accurate test which can be performed especially among the high risk groups.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75594680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.14
A. Bhanja, D. D'Souza, Piyali Poddar, Collin Roy, R. Poddar
Introduction: Restricted mouth opening is a long-term sequelae of head neck cancer treatment. This is a major concern as it leads to multiple problems in maintenance of oral hygiene, speech, chewing, swallowing, prosthetic rehabilitation, and follow-up intra-oral examination. In this study, our aim was to assess maximum mouth opening (MMO) amongst postoperative oral cancer patients with or without conventional radiotherapy over a period of one year. Material and methods: A prospective longitudinal study was done in oral cancer patients, within three years, to compare effect of post-operative radiotherapy (PORT) on MMO over a follow-up period of one year with control of post-operative cases without radiation. Level of significance was set at alpha level 0.05. Results: Among 18 patients of PORT and 19 patients of control group, repeated measure ANOVA were significant for the following parameters: within subject effect in each group; between subject effect and interaction effect of month and radiation. Multiple pairwise comparison showed MMO at 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th month were significantly different in PORT group, in comparison to preoperative MMO. In the control group however, only postoperative MMO at 1st month was significantly different. After one-year, mean MMO, in PORT and control was 32.56±4.29mm and 46.37±4.65mm, respectively and total trismus in radiotherapy group was 66.67% and that of control group was nil. Conclusion: Conventional radiotherapy in oral cancer patients can lead to high rate of trismus as a late effect. Strict exercise protocol along with close monitoring is recommended to have beneficial effect to the patients.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Maximum Mouth Opening amongst Postoperative Oral Cancer Patients with or without Radiotherapy","authors":"A. Bhanja, D. D'Souza, Piyali Poddar, Collin Roy, R. Poddar","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Restricted mouth opening is a long-term sequelae of head neck cancer treatment. This is a major concern as it leads to multiple problems in maintenance of oral hygiene, speech, chewing, swallowing, prosthetic rehabilitation, and follow-up intra-oral examination. In this study, our aim was to assess maximum mouth opening (MMO) amongst postoperative oral cancer patients with or without conventional radiotherapy over a period of one year. Material and methods: A prospective longitudinal study was done in oral cancer patients, within three years, to compare effect of post-operative radiotherapy (PORT) on MMO over a follow-up period of one year with control of post-operative cases without radiation. Level of significance was set at alpha level 0.05. Results: Among 18 patients of PORT and 19 patients of control group, repeated measure ANOVA were significant for the following parameters: within subject effect in each group; between subject effect and interaction effect of month and radiation. Multiple pairwise comparison showed MMO at 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th month were significantly different in PORT group, in comparison to preoperative MMO. In the control group however, only postoperative MMO at 1st month was significantly different. After one-year, mean MMO, in PORT and control was 32.56±4.29mm and 46.37±4.65mm, respectively and total trismus in radiotherapy group was 66.67% and that of control group was nil. Conclusion: Conventional radiotherapy in oral cancer patients can lead to high rate of trismus as a late effect. Strict exercise protocol along with close monitoring is recommended to have beneficial effect to the patients.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86911008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.8
N. Chandran, Sudeep C.B Sudeep C.B, Joseph Johny, Navaneeth Yerragudi
Introduction: Children have a tendency to explore and interact with their external environment by placing and chewing objects in their mouth. Case report: This article reports a case of lodgement of a staple pin in a neglected decay in the left maxillary deciduous first molar in a six year old male patient. The child reported of pain which was spontaneous and aggravated on chewing. An emergency extraction of the tooth involved was performed under local anaesthesia. Conclusion: In conclusion, this article further stresses on the need of periodic examination of the overall oral health status in children and perform necessary early preventive procedures.
{"title":"Foreign Body in Maxillary Deciduous First Molar – A Case Report","authors":"N. Chandran, Sudeep C.B Sudeep C.B, Joseph Johny, Navaneeth Yerragudi","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.6.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Children have a tendency to explore and interact with their external environment by placing and chewing objects in their mouth. Case report: This article reports a case of lodgement of a staple pin in a neglected decay in the left maxillary deciduous first molar in a six year old male patient. The child reported of pain which was spontaneous and aggravated on chewing. An emergency extraction of the tooth involved was performed under local anaesthesia. Conclusion: In conclusion, this article further stresses on the need of periodic examination of the overall oral health status in children and perform necessary early preventive procedures.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75048935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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