Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.38
Abhinav Gupta, M. Jha, S. Saurav
Introduction: Traditionally, cephalometric analysis has been carried out using a hand-tracing manual method. In imaging, picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are information management systems used for the capture and measurement of medical and dental radiographs. Although not customized for lateral cephalometry, this study aimed to evaluate the cephalometric measurements made on screen with Nemoceph NX 2006 software using PACS compared with the conventional hand-tracing method. Material and methods: All the subjects were positioned in the cephalostat with the sagittal plane at right angles to the path of the X-rays and to the Frankfort plane parallel to the floor. That digital cephalogram was sent to printer via Image Dent software to print the hard copy through Laser printer and it is also transferred to the personal computer of Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics by PACS (picture archiving and communication systems) method. Results: In this study the total time taken in manual tracing is 30 min, while digital tracing takes around 35 min. So, Time taken in manual tracing is less than digital tracing that might be because only few parameters has been included in this study. The results showed no statistically significant differences in any of the assessed measurements (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Conventional and computerized methods showed consistency in all angular and linear measurements. The computer program Nemotech dental studio NX 2006 can be used reliably as an aid in diagnosing, planning, monitoring and evaluating orthodontic treatment both in clinical and research settings.
{"title":"Hand Tracing Verses Digital Tracing with PACS Method","authors":"Abhinav Gupta, M. Jha, S. Saurav","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.38","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Traditionally, cephalometric analysis has been carried out using a hand-tracing manual method. In imaging, picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are information management systems used for the capture and measurement of medical and dental radiographs. Although not customized for lateral cephalometry, this study aimed to evaluate the cephalometric measurements made on screen with Nemoceph NX 2006 software using PACS compared with the conventional hand-tracing method. Material and methods: All the subjects were positioned in the cephalostat with the sagittal plane at right angles to the path of the X-rays and to the Frankfort plane parallel to the floor. That digital cephalogram was sent to printer via Image Dent software to print the hard copy through Laser printer and it is also transferred to the personal computer of Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics by PACS (picture archiving and communication systems) method. Results: In this study the total time taken in manual tracing is 30 min, while digital tracing takes around 35 min. So, Time taken in manual tracing is less than digital tracing that might be because only few parameters has been included in this study. The results showed no statistically significant differences in any of the assessed measurements (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Conventional and computerized methods showed consistency in all angular and linear measurements. The computer program Nemotech dental studio NX 2006 can be used reliably as an aid in diagnosing, planning, monitoring and evaluating orthodontic treatment both in clinical and research settings.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88279502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.21
Asma Husein Roohani, Nazish Fatima, M. Shamim, H. Khan, Anees Akhtar
Introduction: Invasive fungal infections other than the Candida species and Aspergillus species are becoming common in the nosocomial setting particularly among the immunocompromised patients but there is a hinderance in their accurate diagnosis. Aim of our study was to know the prevalence of rare fungal species and to know the patients outcome in our region. Aim of our study is to know the prevalence of rare fungal species and to know the patients outcome in our region. Material amd Methods: The present study was carried out on the patients attending outpatient department and inpatient department of T.B. and Respiratory Diseases, along with those attending antiretroviral treatment clinic and ICTC (Department of Microbiology), in J. N. Medical College, AMU during the period of January 2015 to October 2016. Results: Majority of the cases i.e., 47 (31.3%) were between 31-40 years with a mean age of 32.5 years. Of 65 isolates, Cryptococcus neoformans and Pneumocystis jirovecii represented 2 (6.1%) isolates each, all of which were found in HIV positive cases. 1 (3.1%) isolate of Mucor from a diabetic patient and 1 (3.1%) isolate of Penicillium marneffei from an HIV positive patient as detected. Cryptococcus and Pneumocystis jirovecii were isolated from both patients with CD4 count< 200. and 114(+19.9) respectively. Conclusions: Invasive fungal infections other than the candidia species and aspergillus species are becoming very common now a days.
简介:除了念珠菌和曲霉菌外，侵袭性真菌感染在医院环境中越来越常见，特别是在免疫功能低下的患者中，但在准确诊断方面存在障碍。本研究的目的是了解本地区罕见真菌种类的流行情况，了解患者的预后。本研究的目的是了解本地区罕见真菌种类的流行情况，了解患者的预后。材料和方法:本研究对2015年1月至2016年10月在AMU J. N.医学院肺结核和呼吸系统疾病门诊和住院的患者，以及抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所和ICTC(微生物科)的患者进行研究。结果:年龄31 ~ 40岁者47例(31.3%)，平均年龄32.5岁。在65株分离株中，新型隐球菌和耶氏肺囊虫各占2株(6.1%)，均在HIV阳性病例中发现。从1例糖尿病患者中分离出1株(3.1%)毛霉菌，从1例HIV阳性患者中分离出1株(3.1%)马尔尼菲青霉。在CD4计数< 200的两例患者中均分离到隐球菌和吉氏肺囊虫。114(+19.9)。结论:除念珠菌和曲霉菌外，侵袭性真菌感染越来越普遍。
{"title":"Current Scenario of Oppoutunistic Fungal Infections other than the Candida and Aspergillus Species, their correlation and Outcome with the CD4+T Cell Counts among Various Respiratory Samples in Immuno Competent and Immunocomporomised Individuals in Aligarh Region, A North India Town","authors":"Asma Husein Roohani, Nazish Fatima, M. Shamim, H. Khan, Anees Akhtar","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Invasive fungal infections other than the Candida species and Aspergillus species are becoming common in the nosocomial setting particularly among the immunocompromised patients but there is a hinderance in their accurate diagnosis. Aim of our study was to know the prevalence of rare fungal species and to know the patients outcome in our region. Aim of our study is to know the prevalence of rare fungal species and to know the patients outcome in our region. Material amd Methods: The present study was carried out on the patients attending outpatient department and inpatient department of T.B. and Respiratory Diseases, along with those attending antiretroviral treatment clinic and ICTC (Department of Microbiology), in J. N. Medical College, AMU during the period of January 2015 to October 2016. Results: Majority of the cases i.e., 47 (31.3%) were between 31-40 years with a mean age of 32.5 years. Of 65 isolates, Cryptococcus neoformans and Pneumocystis jirovecii represented 2 (6.1%) isolates each, all of which were found in HIV positive cases. 1 (3.1%) isolate of Mucor from a diabetic patient and 1 (3.1%) isolate of Penicillium marneffei from an HIV positive patient as detected. Cryptococcus and Pneumocystis jirovecii were isolated from both patients with CD4 count< 200. and 114(+19.9) respectively. Conclusions: Invasive fungal infections other than the candidia species and aspergillus species are becoming very common now a days.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88305675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.30
Ronauk Singh, P. Dua, P. Prakash, S. Bhandari
Introduction: Loss of eye, apart from impaired vision has a detrimental effect on psychosocial wellbeing of an individual. The replacement of the lost eye as soon as possible after the surgery is necessary to improve social acceptance and quality of life. Multidisciplinary management and team approach between surgeon and prosthodontist are essential in providing accurate and effective rehabilitation and follow-up care for the patient. Case report: This case report describes a simplified method for the fabrication of a custom silicone orbital prosthesis retained with spectacles for rehabilitation of a residual defect post exenteration of left eye. It highlights the importance of indepth analysis & comparison of the defect with the normal contralateral eye which was used as an anatomical guide for fabrication of an aesthetic prosthesis. Conclusion: Advanced digital technology like rapid prototyping and CAD/CAM have made fabrication of complex prosthesis like orbital prosthesis simpler and quicker. However, these contemporary methods are technique sensitive, equipment dependent and may not be available easily. Thus, a maxillofacial prosthodontist should be able to read the available anatomical guides and use them to fabricate an aesthetically acceptable prosthesis using conventional technique to rehabilitate patients and improving quality of life as soon as possible.
{"title":"Rehabilitation of an Orbital Defect with Silicone Orbital Prosthesis: A Case Report","authors":"Ronauk Singh, P. Dua, P. Prakash, S. Bhandari","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.30","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Loss of eye, apart from impaired vision has a detrimental effect on psychosocial wellbeing of an individual. The replacement of the lost eye as soon as possible after the surgery is necessary to improve social acceptance and quality of life. Multidisciplinary management and team approach between surgeon and prosthodontist are essential in providing accurate and effective rehabilitation and follow-up care for the patient. Case report: This case report describes a simplified method for the fabrication of a custom silicone orbital prosthesis retained with spectacles for rehabilitation of a residual defect post exenteration of left eye. It highlights the importance of indepth analysis & comparison of the defect with the normal contralateral eye which was used as an anatomical guide for fabrication of an aesthetic prosthesis. Conclusion: Advanced digital technology like rapid prototyping and CAD/CAM have made fabrication of complex prosthesis like orbital prosthesis simpler and quicker. However, these contemporary methods are technique sensitive, equipment dependent and may not be available easily. Thus, a maxillofacial prosthodontist should be able to read the available anatomical guides and use them to fabricate an aesthetically acceptable prosthesis using conventional technique to rehabilitate patients and improving quality of life as soon as possible.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75998872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.1
M. Mohi, Balwinder Kaur, Beant Singh, Lovepreet Kaur
Introduction: WHO maternal near miss approach is a standardized method which is implemented in 3 steps i.e. baseline assessment,situation analysis and interventions for improving health care. Hence, present study was undertaken to identify and evaluate the occurrence and causes of severe maternal morbidity i.e. near miss cases. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala over a period of one and a half year. The study was conducted on the patients admitted in labour room including referred, emergency and booked admissions. Women with severe complications of pregnancy / labour/ puerperium irrespective of gestational age as per the WHO near miss criteria were identified and studied. Results: Distribution of cases according to clinical criteria include maximum cases of loss of unconsciousness for more than 12 hours i.e. 18.7%, shock 13.8%, clotting failure 13%, respiratory rate <6/min or >40/min in 8.1%, oliguria in 7.3% and jaundice with severe preeclampsia in 5.7% cases. Distribution of near miss cases according to laboratory criteria, and oxygen saturation<90% for >60 min in 14.6% cases. 5.6% cases with acute thrombocytopenia and serum bilirubin >6 mg/dl and serum creatinine >3.5% in 0.8% cases. Conclusion: The need for identifying the patient’s condition and deciding for the referral on time and to the right centre is a critical step towards saving a maternal death. The core of the health system should emphasize on ‘when to refer’ and ‘where to refer’ policy. Referral should be on time so that any untoward incident can be averted and referring a patient to a tertiary care centre where all the emergency back up facilities are available like ICU, 24 hour Blood bank services, apex obstetrical intervention and inter departmental expertise and care. The problem of initial assessment, problem identification, management plan and follow-up of cases depends on a very crucial task of history taking. Keyword: Maternal Health; Maternal Morbidity; Near Miss
{"title":"Management and Identification Features of Near Miss Cases - A Prospective Study","authors":"M. Mohi, Balwinder Kaur, Beant Singh, Lovepreet Kaur","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: WHO maternal near miss approach is a standardized method which is implemented in 3 steps i.e. baseline assessment,situation analysis and interventions for improving health care. Hence, present study was undertaken to identify and evaluate the occurrence and causes of severe maternal morbidity i.e. near miss cases. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala over a period of one and a half year. The study was conducted on the patients admitted in labour room including referred, emergency and booked admissions. Women with severe complications of pregnancy / labour/ puerperium irrespective of gestational age as per the WHO near miss criteria were identified and studied. Results: Distribution of cases according to clinical criteria include maximum cases of loss of unconsciousness for more than 12 hours i.e. 18.7%, shock 13.8%, clotting failure 13%, respiratory rate <6/min or >40/min in 8.1%, oliguria in 7.3% and jaundice with severe preeclampsia in 5.7% cases. Distribution of near miss cases according to laboratory criteria, and oxygen saturation<90% for >60 min in 14.6% cases. 5.6% cases with acute thrombocytopenia and serum bilirubin >6 mg/dl and serum creatinine >3.5% in 0.8% cases. Conclusion: The need for identifying the patient’s condition and deciding for the referral on time and to the right centre is a critical step towards saving a maternal death. The core of the health system should emphasize on ‘when to refer’ and ‘where to refer’ policy. Referral should be on time so that any untoward incident can be averted and referring a patient to a tertiary care centre where all the emergency back up facilities are available like ICU, 24 hour Blood bank services, apex obstetrical intervention and inter departmental expertise and care. The problem of initial assessment, problem identification, management plan and follow-up of cases depends on a very crucial task of history taking. Keyword: Maternal Health; Maternal Morbidity; Near Miss","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80684231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.25
E. Gupta, Shradheya R. R. Gupta, Abhijeet Kumar, Anmol Kulshreshtha, R. R. Niraj
Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the widespread neurodegenerative disorder ranked second in this categories and PD is also the most common movement disorder. PD disorder affects more than 0.1% of the total population older than 40 years of age. Contemporary, therapies of PD are restricted to only symptomatic relief without dealing with the basic disease etiology such as aggregation of αSyn, thus the progression of the disease continues with the current therapies. The major objective of this study was to find out putative inhibitors of human alfa-synuclein to search possible therapeutics of Parkinson’s disease. Material and Methods: Our study included Molecular docking study of 3D-Structure of alfasynuclein of human retrieved from PDB with their chemical ligands. The proteinligands docking were performed using AutoDock4.2.5.1. Further, Molecular Dynamic Simulation for protein-ligand complex of best dock complex was carried out using Gromacs16.10. Result: Total nineteen molecules was selected for docking study out of which Amento flavones molecule shows best binding. The molecular docking simulation results indicate that the protein complexes were stable throughout MD simulations and thus proteins possess the ability to stability. Conclusion: This study provides an insight of in-silico drug designing approach towards alfasynuclein modulators as a promising therapeutics of Parkinson’s’s disease.
{"title":"Molecular Docking Study to Identify Potent Inhibitors of Alpha-synuclein Aggregation of Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"E. Gupta, Shradheya R. R. Gupta, Abhijeet Kumar, Anmol Kulshreshtha, R. R. Niraj","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the widespread neurodegenerative disorder ranked second in this categories and PD is also the most common movement disorder. PD disorder affects more than 0.1% of the total population older than 40 years of age. Contemporary, therapies of PD are restricted to only symptomatic relief without dealing with the basic disease etiology such as aggregation of αSyn, thus the progression of the disease continues with the current therapies. The major objective of this study was to find out putative inhibitors of human alfa-synuclein to search possible therapeutics of Parkinson’s disease. Material and Methods: Our study included Molecular docking study of 3D-Structure of alfasynuclein of human retrieved from PDB with their chemical ligands. The proteinligands docking were performed using AutoDock4.2.5.1. Further, Molecular Dynamic Simulation for protein-ligand complex of best dock complex was carried out using Gromacs16.10. Result: Total nineteen molecules was selected for docking study out of which Amento flavones molecule shows best binding. The molecular docking simulation results indicate that the protein complexes were stable throughout MD simulations and thus proteins possess the ability to stability. Conclusion: This study provides an insight of in-silico drug designing approach towards alfasynuclein modulators as a promising therapeutics of Parkinson’s’s disease.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74209403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.19
Zoengmawia Zoengmawia, Lalnunmawii Sailo
Introduction: Shivering is a common and challenging side effect of anaesthesia and may result in different degrees of perioperative hypothermia. Hence, the aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of ketamine to prevent shivering during subarachnoid block inpatient undergoing elective surgery. Material and Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial with total of 90 ASA I and II patients of either sex between the ages of 18 – 60 years undergoing elective infraumbilical surgery under subarachnoid blocks. Random allocation of patients was done into Group1: ketamine at dose of 0.5 mg /kg (n=30), Group2: ketamine at dose of 0.25 mg /kg (n=30), Group3: saline (n=30). Results: The study groups were comparable at the baseline. After spinal anaesthesia and concomitant administration of the study drug, shivering was observed only in 10% of patient with score 1 in Group 1 and Group 2. Whereas in placebo group 50% patients suffered different degrees of shivering and required treatment (p<0.05). After drug injection % of patient had higher sedation score (3 or 2) which was significantly higher in Group 1 (3%) than Groups 2 and 3 (0%) (P=0.002). Only 3.3% patients of group1 experienced hallucination and rest of the patients in any group had no hallucination (P value= 0.045) Conclusion: Ketamine at a dose of 0.5 mg /kg had similar effects as that of ketamine at dose of 0.25 mg /kg when compared to placebo group. However, ketamine at dose of 0.5 mg /kg caused higher effects of sedation and hallucination. KeywordsShivering, Ketamine, Subarachnoid Blocks, Elective Infra-Umbilical Surgery
{"title":"Control of Shivering with Prophylactic Ketamine During Subarachnoid Block: A Placebo-Controlled Randomised Double- Blind Study","authors":"Zoengmawia Zoengmawia, Lalnunmawii Sailo","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Shivering is a common and challenging side effect of anaesthesia and may result in different degrees of perioperative hypothermia. Hence, the aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of ketamine to prevent shivering during subarachnoid block inpatient undergoing elective surgery. Material and Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial with total of 90 ASA I and II patients of either sex between the ages of 18 – 60 years undergoing elective infraumbilical surgery under subarachnoid blocks. Random allocation of patients was done into Group1: ketamine at dose of 0.5 mg /kg (n=30), Group2: ketamine at dose of 0.25 mg /kg (n=30), Group3: saline (n=30). Results: The study groups were comparable at the baseline. After spinal anaesthesia and concomitant administration of the study drug, shivering was observed only in 10% of patient with score 1 in Group 1 and Group 2. Whereas in placebo group 50% patients suffered different degrees of shivering and required treatment (p<0.05). After drug injection % of patient had higher sedation score (3 or 2) which was significantly higher in Group 1 (3%) than Groups 2 and 3 (0%) (P=0.002). Only 3.3% patients of group1 experienced hallucination and rest of the patients in any group had no hallucination (P value= 0.045) Conclusion: Ketamine at a dose of 0.5 mg /kg had similar effects as that of ketamine at dose of 0.25 mg /kg when compared to placebo group. However, ketamine at dose of 0.5 mg /kg caused higher effects of sedation and hallucination. KeywordsShivering, Ketamine, Subarachnoid Blocks, Elective Infra-Umbilical Surgery","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81376030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.11
Naqoosh Haidry, R. Raj, S. Kashyap, B. Byrappa, Amit Kumar, Ankur Singh
Introduction: Surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the primary and secondary wound closure after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars by evaluating the extent of facial swelling, the severity of pain and degree of trismus. Material and Methods: A prospective, randomized, clinical trial was conducted in 80 patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 each. In Group 1: patients underwent primary closure of the wound and in Group 2: patients underwent secondary closure of the wound. Postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus were evaluated on the 2nd and 7th day postoperatively. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed for facial swelling and trismus on 2nd postoperative days between both groups. Postoperative pain was less in the secondary closure group. Conclusion: From the outcome of the above study we can conclude that the secondary wound closure technique has a significant advantage over primary wound closure concerning swelling and trismus.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of the Effect of Primary and Secondary Closure Technique Following Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars","authors":"Naqoosh Haidry, R. Raj, S. Kashyap, B. Byrappa, Amit Kumar, Ankur Singh","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the primary and secondary wound closure after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars by evaluating the extent of facial swelling, the severity of pain and degree of trismus. Material and Methods: A prospective, randomized, clinical trial was conducted in 80 patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 each. In Group 1: patients underwent primary closure of the wound and in Group 2: patients underwent secondary closure of the wound. Postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus were evaluated on the 2nd and 7th day postoperatively. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed for facial swelling and trismus on 2nd postoperative days between both groups. Postoperative pain was less in the secondary closure group. Conclusion: From the outcome of the above study we can conclude that the secondary wound closure technique has a significant advantage over primary wound closure concerning swelling and trismus.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76977230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.18
Lalnunmawii Sailo, Zoengmawia Zoengmawia
Introduction: Midazolam produces an analgesic action through the benzodiazepine/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor complex in the spinal cord. We conducted this study to evaluate postoperative analgesic effects and associated complications of intrathecal midazolam in patients undergoing perineal surgery. Material and methods: 30 subjects belonging to ASA grade I and II scheduled to undergo elective perineal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomly allocated to either Group A1 ml of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine+saline or Group B1 ml of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine+preservative free midazolam. The duration of postoperative analgesia, postoperative visual analogue scores for pain, and perioperative side effects were noted. Results: The basic demographic characteristics were similar between the two groups. The mean duration of surgery was 22.33 ± 14.96 in group A, and it was 16.8 ± 12.55 in group B. The mean time to first pain medication was 4.93 ± 3.32 hours in group A, and it was 8.63 ± 6.17 in group B. The mean VAS at first pain medication was 40.00 ± 00 mm, and it was 40.00 ± 00 mm in group B. the mean difference in the postoperative analgesia between group was statistically significant (P value <0.02). Hemodynamic parameters did not differ between the groups. The complications included urinary retention among 5 (33.33%) in group A and 6 (40.00%) in group B. Conclusion: The addition of preservative-free midazolam to bupivacaine intrathecally resulted in prolonged postoperative analgesia without any significant side effects.
{"title":"Intrathecal Midazolam for Postoperative Analgesia in Adults","authors":"Lalnunmawii Sailo, Zoengmawia Zoengmawia","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Midazolam produces an analgesic action through the benzodiazepine/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor complex in the spinal cord. We conducted this study to evaluate postoperative analgesic effects and associated complications of intrathecal midazolam in patients undergoing perineal surgery. Material and methods: 30 subjects belonging to ASA grade I and II scheduled to undergo elective perineal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomly allocated to either Group A1 ml of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine+saline or Group B1 ml of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine+preservative free midazolam. The duration of postoperative analgesia, postoperative visual analogue scores for pain, and perioperative side effects were noted. Results: The basic demographic characteristics were similar between the two groups. The mean duration of surgery was 22.33 ± 14.96 in group A, and it was 16.8 ± 12.55 in group B. The mean time to first pain medication was 4.93 ± 3.32 hours in group A, and it was 8.63 ± 6.17 in group B. The mean VAS at first pain medication was 40.00 ± 00 mm, and it was 40.00 ± 00 mm in group B. the mean difference in the postoperative analgesia between group was statistically significant (P value <0.02). Hemodynamic parameters did not differ between the groups. The complications included urinary retention among 5 (33.33%) in group A and 6 (40.00%) in group B. Conclusion: The addition of preservative-free midazolam to bupivacaine intrathecally resulted in prolonged postoperative analgesia without any significant side effects.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86333304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.14
A. Jha, Kali Charan Rajak, Chandan Kumar Poddar, Shuvendu Das Gupta, Ramanand Kumar Pappu, M. Singh
Introduction: Clindamycin has been used to treat pneumonia and soft tissue and musculoskeletal infections due to MRSA. One important problem in Clindamycin treatment is the risk of clinical failure during therapy caused by MLSB inducible resistance. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) suggest D-test, which is a phenotypic showing technique for inducible Clindamycin resistance. Material and Methods: We analyzed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was detected with cefoxitin (30 μg) disk and inducible clindamycin resistance was unwavering in all erythromycin resistant isolate by using D-zone test. Results: 100 S. aureus isolate 37 (36.6%) were methicillin resistant (MRSA) and 63 (63.4%) were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Although, mainstream of the MRSA isolates were imitative from pus samples 15, however, the S. aureus isolates imitative from post-operative wound infection were mainly MRSA 7. A total of 21 S. aureus isolates with iMLSB phenotype shown that they were 100% susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid, with modest sensitivity (71.14%) to gentamicin, cefuroxime and slightest sensitivity to (23.81%) doxycycline, (20.95%) ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Outstanding to high happening of erythromycin resistance amongst S. aureus isolates, we recommend that D-zone test have to be regularly done in all laboratories for suitable recommendation of clindamycin and thus preventing appearance of inducible resistant strains and management failure.
{"title":"Determine Constitutive and Inducible Clindamycin Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates from Tertiary Care Hospital, Bettiah, India","authors":"A. Jha, Kali Charan Rajak, Chandan Kumar Poddar, Shuvendu Das Gupta, Ramanand Kumar Pappu, M. Singh","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Clindamycin has been used to treat pneumonia and soft tissue and musculoskeletal infections due to MRSA. One important problem in Clindamycin treatment is the risk of clinical failure during therapy caused by MLSB inducible resistance. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) suggest D-test, which is a phenotypic showing technique for inducible Clindamycin resistance. Material and Methods: We analyzed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was detected with cefoxitin (30 μg) disk and inducible clindamycin resistance was unwavering in all erythromycin resistant isolate by using D-zone test. Results: 100 S. aureus isolate 37 (36.6%) were methicillin resistant (MRSA) and 63 (63.4%) were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Although, mainstream of the MRSA isolates were imitative from pus samples 15, however, the S. aureus isolates imitative from post-operative wound infection were mainly MRSA 7. A total of 21 S. aureus isolates with iMLSB phenotype shown that they were 100% susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid, with modest sensitivity (71.14%) to gentamicin, cefuroxime and slightest sensitivity to (23.81%) doxycycline, (20.95%) ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Outstanding to high happening of erythromycin resistance amongst S. aureus isolates, we recommend that D-zone test have to be regularly done in all laboratories for suitable recommendation of clindamycin and thus preventing appearance of inducible resistant strains and management failure.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77988885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.3
P. Dahiya, I. Bansal, R. Kansal, Atul Beniwal, A. Beniwal
Introduction: Uterine myomas incidence is variable as most of the patients are asymptomatic but most common clinical feature which makes women seek their treatment are menorrhagia and iron deficiency anaemia leading to chronic fatigue. Study aimed to compare the efficacy of UPA and mifepristone in medical management of uterine fibroids in symptomatic patients of reproductive age group. Material and methods: A prospective randomized observational study was carried out, in women with single or multiple uterine leiomyoma. Exclusion criteria: severe anemia, using any hormonal therapy, with suspected carcinomas or with adnexal masses. 100 patients were randomly allocated to two subgroups; group A receiving 5 mg UPA and group B receiving 25 mg Mifepristone daily, for 13 weeks. PBAC was used to assess menstrual blood loss and Likert score for other symptoms. Baseline variables: uterine size and volume, Myoma size and volume, number, hemoglobin, liver function tests were noted and reassessed at 1, 3 and 6 months. Endometrial sampling was done initially and at the end to study. Results: Mean fibroid volume reduction was 35.23% in group A and 33.45% after 13 weeks’ treatment in group B. Mean reduction in menorrhagia: 84% in group A and 52.5% in group B. 91% cases experienced amenorrhoea in group A and 72% in group B. Conclusion: UPA 5mg was better at achieving significant reduction in menorrhagia and achieving amenorrhoeic state as compared to Mifepristone.
{"title":"To Compare the Efficacy of Ulipristal acetate and Mifepristone in Management of Uterine Fibroids in Symptomatic Patients of Reproductive Age Group","authors":"P. Dahiya, I. Bansal, R. Kansal, Atul Beniwal, A. Beniwal","doi":"10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.11.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Uterine myomas incidence is variable as most of the patients are asymptomatic but most common clinical feature which makes women seek their treatment are menorrhagia and iron deficiency anaemia leading to chronic fatigue. Study aimed to compare the efficacy of UPA and mifepristone in medical management of uterine fibroids in symptomatic patients of reproductive age group. Material and methods: A prospective randomized observational study was carried out, in women with single or multiple uterine leiomyoma. Exclusion criteria: severe anemia, using any hormonal therapy, with suspected carcinomas or with adnexal masses. 100 patients were randomly allocated to two subgroups; group A receiving 5 mg UPA and group B receiving 25 mg Mifepristone daily, for 13 weeks. PBAC was used to assess menstrual blood loss and Likert score for other symptoms. Baseline variables: uterine size and volume, Myoma size and volume, number, hemoglobin, liver function tests were noted and reassessed at 1, 3 and 6 months. Endometrial sampling was done initially and at the end to study. Results: Mean fibroid volume reduction was 35.23% in group A and 33.45% after 13 weeks’ treatment in group B. Mean reduction in menorrhagia: 84% in group A and 52.5% in group B. 91% cases experienced amenorrhoea in group A and 72% in group B. Conclusion: UPA 5mg was better at achieving significant reduction in menorrhagia and achieving amenorrhoeic state as compared to Mifepristone.","PeriodicalId":13918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]","volume":"02 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85964778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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