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Development of cast aluminium alloys for plastic moulding 塑料成型用铸造铝合金的发展
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2114669
J. Benavides-Treviño, A. Juárez-Hernández, M. Hernández, N. Garza-Montes-de-Oca, R. Colás
ABSTRACT Manufacturing of plastic goods by rotational moulding relies on aluminium tooling to reduce energy consumption as their thermal and electrical conductivities are enhanced and their weight is reduced. Moulding is carried out at high temperatures, and a considerable amount of energy is consumed by heating up the moulds and hence the interest on the evaluation of the thermophysical properties of potential aluminium alloys. This work reports the results of studies conducted on a series of cast Al-Si-Cu alloys that may be used for producing tooling and moulds. The work contemplated the study of solidification and the way into which the microstructure changes with the chemical composition and how these characteristics affect the thermal diffusivity with respect to temperature, chemical composition and microstructure. The results show that thermal diffusivity can be enhanced by modifying their processing and the corresponding microstructural features.
通过旋转成型制造塑料制品依赖于铝模具,以减少能源消耗,因为它们的导热性和导电性得到增强,重量减轻。成型是在高温下进行的,加热模具消耗了相当多的能量,因此对潜在铝合金的热物理性能的评估很有兴趣。这项工作报告了对一系列可用于生产工具和模具的铸造Al-Si-Cu合金进行研究的结果。这项工作考虑了凝固的研究和微观结构随化学成分变化的方式,以及这些特征如何影响温度、化学成分和微观结构的热扩散率。结果表明,通过改变其加工工艺和相应的显微组织特征,可以提高热扩散系数。
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引用次数: 0
High temperature microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast medium Mn steel with V addition 添加V的铸态中Mn钢的高温组织与力学性能
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2114668
A. C. González-Castillo, C. Garay-Reyes, J. Hernández-Rivera
ABSTRACT This research is focused on the development of a novel medium Mn steel with V-addition (0.14 wt.%), which belongs to the Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS). In order to predict the equilibrium phases, thermodynamic simulation was used. The microstructure of the as-cast steel was composed of retained austenite, α´-martensite/α-ferrite and a very small amount of ɛ-martensite. To understand the hot flow behaviour of the as-cast steel, hot compression tests were performed at 800°C and 1000°C with a strain rate of 0.83 s−1 and 0.083 s−1, the results were compared to a V-free steel taken from the literature. A significant increase in the applied stress was observed in the samples deformed at 800°C, especially, at the strain rate of 0.083s−1. Finally, to achieve a better understanding of this behaviour, the microstructure of the V-added steel was studied after hot compression tests.
摘要:本研究的重点是开发一种新型的含v (0.14 wt.%)的中Mn钢,该钢属于高级高强度钢(AHSS)。为了预测平衡相,采用了热力学模拟方法。铸钢组织由残余奥氏体、α′-马氏体/α-铁素体和极少量的α-马氏体组成。为了了解铸钢的热流行为,在800°C和1000°C下进行了热压缩试验,应变率分别为0.83 s- 1和0.083 s- 1,并将结果与文献中的无v钢进行了比较。在800°C下变形的试样中,施加应力显著增加,特别是在应变速率为0.083s−1时。最后,为了更好地理解这种行为,在热压缩试验后研究了添加v的钢的显微组织。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of microstructure on the hardness of ASTM A48 class 20 flaked graphite cast iron 显微组织对ASTM A48 20级片状石墨铸铁硬度的影响
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2093586
Manojkumar V. Sheladiya, S. Acharya, G. Acharya
ABSTRACT In foundries, it becomes necessary to minimise the machining allowance for economic reasons. It will save resources and costs by reducing the energy and expenses incurred on re-melting, machining and tooling. A deeper understanding of the complicated microstructures developed within about 3.5 mm of the mould-metal interface is necessary. The current research work uses a unique experimental design that involves performing surface and subsurface microscopy and spectroscopy at 0.5 mm intervals from the as-cast surface to a depth of up to 3.5 mm for three samples. The objective is on evaluating microstructure for determining graphite flake size, distribution, grouping, pearlite and ferrite percentage, and different elements. All three samples were subjected to a hardness test, which is a measure of machinability. The relationship between hardness as a single response to percentage presence of elements, graphite distribution and pearlite has been established using statistical analysis.
在铸造厂,由于经济原因,有必要尽量减少加工余量。它将通过减少重熔、加工和模具产生的能源和费用来节省资源和成本。有必要更深入地了解在模具-金属界面约3.5 mm内形成的复杂微观结构。目前的研究工作采用了一种独特的实验设计,包括对三个样品进行从铸态表面到3.5毫米深度的0.5毫米间隔的表面和地下显微镜和光谱学。目的是评价微观结构,以确定石墨薄片的尺寸、分布、分组、珠光体和铁素体的百分比以及不同的元素。所有三个样品都进行了硬度测试,这是测量可加工性的一种方法。用统计分析方法建立了硬度与元素含量、石墨分布和珠光体之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of heat treatment parameters on microstructure, defects, and properties of Al-16Si-6Cu automotive shift fork: quantitative evaluation perspective 热处理参数对Al-16Si-6Cu汽车换档叉组织、缺陷和性能的影响:定量评价视角
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2082758
Saeed Farahany, Mustafa Abazari
ABSTRACT The current study investigated the effect of heat treatment parameters, including solution treatment temperature (STT), time, and quench rate, on the microstructure, defects, and hardness of an Al-16Si-6Cu Shift fork die-cast alloy. The changes in primary silicon particle (PSP) features were examined quantitatively by optical microscopy, coupled with image analysis and SEM equipped with EDS. The biggest PSPs (27 ± 8 µm) and the highest area fraction (23%) were found in the sample solution treated at 470°C and cooled in the furnace. The hardness value increased in heat-treated samples slightly (140–148 BHN). A lower STT (420°C) and a lower ageing time (1 h) are suitable conditions for the heat treatment of an Al-16Si-6Cu die-cast alloy, in which a lower pore area fraction, 1.18, smaller pore, 4.5 μm, along with finer primary silicon, 9.5 ± 3 μm, with higher circularity, 0.38 ± 0.04, was achieved.
研究了固溶温度(STT)、淬火时间和淬火速率等热处理参数对Al-16Si-6Cu Shift - fork压铸合金显微组织、缺陷和硬度的影响。利用光学显微镜,结合图像分析和能谱扫描电镜,定量研究了初生硅颗粒(PSP)特征的变化。在470°C处理并在炉中冷却的样品溶液中,PSPs最大(27±8µm),面积分数最高(23%)。热处理后的硬度值略有升高(140 ~ 148 BHN)。较低的STT(420℃)和较短的时效时间(1 h)是Al-16Si-6Cu压铸合金热处理的适宜条件,可获得较低的孔面积分数(1.18),较小的孔(4.5 μm),较细的初晶硅(9.5±3 μm),较高的圆度(0.38±0.04)。
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引用次数: 0
Reduction of incompatible intermixing of different steel grades in continuous casting by optimizing the casting sequence 通过优化浇注顺序,减少连铸中不同钢种的不相容混炼
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2078550
F. Ramstorfer, Marco Delane de Souza
ABSTRACT The demand for long casting sequences together with a wide range of different steel grades inherently leads to the generation of incompatible steel intermixing during a grade change. This paper describes the development of an optimisation tool for casting sequences based on a mixing model. The mixing model accounts for mixing in the tundish and in the liquid core of the strand and was calibrated based on samples of the chemical composition taken from slabs containing intermixed steel. The optimisation of the casting sequence order by minimising incompatible intermixing was accomplished by applying heuristic optimisation algorithms developed for the solution of the ‘Traveling Salesman Problem’.
摘要:对长铸造顺序的需求,加上各种不同的钢种,必然会导致在牌号变化过程中产生不相容的钢混合。本文介绍了一种基于混合模型的铸造序列优化工具的开发。混合模型考虑了中间包和铸坯液芯中的混合,并根据从含有混合钢的板坯中提取的化学成分样本进行了校准。通过应用为解决“旅行推销员问题”而开发的启发式优化算法,通过最大限度地减少不相容的混合来优化铸造顺序。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of the effect of the addition of grain refiner and modifier addition on wear properties in sand and permanent mould casting of A357 and A380 aluminium alloys 晶粒细化剂和变质剂对A357和A380铝合金砂型和永久型铸造磨损性能影响的研究
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2069912
Murat Çolak, İ. Arslan
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to improve the tribological behaviour of aluminium alloys by using grain refiner and modifier. The effects of Al5Ti1B grain refiner and Al10Sr modifier additives on friction and wear properties on A380, A357 alloys produced by pouring sand andpermanent mould casting were investigated. Abrasion tests were carried out under dry conditions against St1040 steel disc using a pin-disk system with 20 N load and 1.0 m/s sliding speed. It was determined that grain refiner and modifier additives decrease the friction coefficient and increase the wear resistance. It was determined that the samples produced by permanent mould casting method decreased the friction resistance by 9% and the abrasion resistance increased by 40% compared to the samples produced in sand mould. The lowest wear rate was obtained in A380 alloy with TiB and Sr added with a value of 4.87 × 10–11 m2/N.
摘要本研究的目的是通过使用晶粒细化剂和改性剂来改善铝合金的摩擦学性能。研究了Al5Ti1B晶粒细化剂和Al10Sr变质剂对浇注砂和压铸模铸造A380、A357合金摩擦磨损性能的影响。使用销盘系统在干燥条件下对St1040钢盘进行磨损试验,载荷为20N,滑动速度为1.0m/s。结果表明,晶粒细化剂和改性剂的加入降低了摩擦系数,提高了耐磨性。结果表明,采用永久结晶器铸造法生产的试样与砂型试样相比,摩擦阻力降低了9%,耐磨性提高了40%。添加TiB和Sr的A380合金的磨损率最低,其值为4.87×10–11 m2/N。
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引用次数: 4
Effect on mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Al-10Si-0.8Fe alloys with Al-Ti-C and Ce compound additions Al-Ti-C和Ce化合物添加对Al-10Si-0.8Fe合金力学和热力学性能的影响
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2078552
P. Tang, Jinsheng Lai, Yuying Lin
ABSTRACT In this work, OM, SEM/EDS, XRD, DSC, and tensile test were used to study the effect on mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Al-10Si-0.8Fe alloys with Al-Ti-C (0.5 wt.%) and xCe (viz. 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 wt.%) compound addition. After adding compound additives to Al-10Si-0.8Fe, the average size of SDAS decreased and the mechanical properties increased. When Ce is 0.6 wt.%, The smallest SDAS size and the best mechanical properties were obtained, then the melting range and enthalpy of melting also reached the minimum. Al-Ti-C can form submicron TiC in the melt, which refines the grains, and adding Ce can form Ce5Si3 to round the needle-like Fe-rich phase and reduce the adverse effect, the composite additions of them synergistically improve the properties of Al-10Si-0.8Fe alloy. But excessive Ce could aggregate Ti and Fe-rich phases, then coarse impurity particles could form in the melt, leading to modification failure and performance deterioration.
本文采用OM、SEM/EDS、XRD、DSC和拉伸试验等方法研究了Al-Ti-C (0.5 wt.%)和xCe(分别为0.2、0.4、0.6和0.8 wt.%)复合添加对Al-10Si-0.8Fe合金力学性能和热力学性能的影响。在Al-10Si-0.8Fe中加入复合添加剂后,SDAS的平均尺寸减小,力学性能提高。当Ce为0.6 wt.%时,SDAS尺寸最小,力学性能最佳,熔化范围和熔化焓也达到最小。Al-Ti-C可在熔体中形成亚微米TiC,细化晶粒,添加Ce可形成Ce5Si3,使针状富铁相圆化,减少不利影响,它们的复合添加可协同提高Al-10Si-0.8Fe合金的性能。但过量的Ce会使Ti相和富fe相聚集,在熔体中形成粗大的杂质颗粒,导致改性失效和性能下降。
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引用次数: 3
Synthesis of Fe3O4–aluminium matrix composites: mechanical and corrosion characteristics fe3o4 -铝基复合材料的合成:力学和腐蚀特性
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2078551
S. A, Y. Basavaraj, R. Subramanya
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate at the mechanical characteristics of Fe3O4 particle reinforced with 7075 aluminium alloy composite. The composites of different weight percentage 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% of Fe3O4 reinforcement were prepared using stir casting technique. Prepared composite samples were examined for mechanical properties like tensile percentage elongation and hardness test along with scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, corrosion was also conducted on the prepared samples. The results of mechanical properties reveal that improvement in hardness and tensile strength and corrosion resistance values with different weight percentage combinations. When compared to the original Al7075 alloy, the Ultimate Tensile Strength is highest at a value of 64.563% for 8% Fe3O4 reinforcement, and variation in Ultimate Tensile Strength is highest at a value of 21.865% for an increase in reinforcement percentage from 4% to 6% weight, according to the experimental studies. .
摘要本研究旨在研究7075铝合金复合材料增强Fe3O4颗粒的力学性能。采用搅拌铸造技术制备了不同重量百分比的Fe3O4增强材料,分别为2%、4%、6%和8%。用扫描电子显微镜检查制备的复合材料样品的机械性能,如拉伸伸长率和硬度测试。此外,还对制备的样品进行了腐蚀。力学性能的结果表明,不同重量百分比的组合可以提高硬度、抗拉强度和耐腐蚀性。根据实验研究,与原始Al7075合金相比,8%的Fe3O4增强体的极限抗拉强度最高,为64.563%,而增强体百分比从4%增加到6%时,极限抗拉强度的变化最高,为21.865%。
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引用次数: 2
Fabrication of carbon fibre preform with water-glass binder and infiltration of aluminium alloy melt by squeeze casting 用水玻璃粘结剂和铝合金熔体渗透挤压铸造法制备碳纤维预制体
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2069913
K. Asano, Ryuta Toyoda, M. Matsumuro, Akinori Okada
ABSTRACT For reducing the forming cost of the PAN-based carbon fibre preforms, a water glass binder was used as a substitute for conventional silica binder. The preforms were infiltrated with an aluminium alloy melt by squeeze casting to fabricate the fibre-reinforced composites. The microstructure and properties of the composites were compared to the composites using the silica binder. In the composites, the water glass binder mainly remained in the vicinity of the fibre–aluminium interface and partially distributed in the matrix. The reaction near the interface between the alloy melt and binder was not recognised. The thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity and the compressive strength of the composites using the water glass binder were approximately equivalent to those of the composite using the silica binder. Based on these results, the water glass can be used as an alternative binder to the silica sol.
摘要为了降低pan基碳纤维预成型件的成型成本,采用水玻璃粘结剂代替传统的硅粘结剂。采用挤压铸造的方法,在预制体中加入铝合金熔体,制备纤维增强复合材料。对复合材料的微观结构和性能进行了比较。在复合材料中,水玻璃粘结剂主要停留在纤维-铝界面附近,部分分布在基体中。合金熔体与粘结剂界面附近的反应未被识别。使用水玻璃粘结剂的复合材料的热膨胀系数、导热系数和抗压强度与使用二氧化硅粘结剂的复合材料大致相当。基于这些结果,水玻璃可以作为硅溶胶的替代粘合剂。
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引用次数: 0
MODELLING AND VALIDATION OF EFFECT OF BINDER TYPE ON FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON 结合剂类型对球墨铸铁进料行为影响的建模与验证
IF 1.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2022.2064653
Murat Çolak, Mete Şekerden
ABSTRACT In the casting method, it is crucial to properly make the moulding design to produce sound parts. Volumetric change, especially during the solidification of spheroidal graphite cast irons, may show different behaviour compared to steel and aluminium castings. In this study, castings were carried out with single and double feeders with varying casting parameters of green sand and resin mould sand containing different cross-sectional thicknesses. Depending on the chemical composition, mould rigidity and inoculation efficiency, and the importance of the feeder path was evaluated by experimental and modelling techniques. Consequently, it was observed that the risk of shrinkage in resin moulds is less than in green sand castings in the same moulding design. In addition, it has been found that the number of feeders and neck connection is an important parameter in pore formation.
摘要在铸造方法中,正确地进行造型设计以生产出良好的零件是至关重要的。体积变化,尤其是在球墨铸铁凝固过程中,与钢铸件和铝铸件相比,可能表现出不同的行为。在本研究中,在不同横截面厚度的生砂和树脂型砂的铸造参数下,用单进料器和双进料器进行了铸造。根据化学成分、模具刚度和接种效率,以及进料器路径的重要性,通过实验和建模技术进行了评估。因此,可以观察到,在相同的造型设计中,树脂模具中的收缩风险小于生砂铸件。此外,还发现进料器的数量和颈部连接是孔隙形成的一个重要参数。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
International Journal of Cast Metals Research
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