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A Novel Approach for Hydraulic Valve Experimental Assessment Under Cavitating Condition 一种新的空化条件下液压阀实验评估方法
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-22 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2323
D. Cavallo, O. Chiavola, E. Frattini, F. Palmieri
The article presents a novel approach for the experimental characterization of hydraulic valves. The proposed methodology allows to capture the key layout of the valve, to study its characteristic flow rate and to visualize the flow that passes through it. In the wake of the experimental technique found in the literature, the novel approach introduces the use of an original test valve, briefly called “prismatic”. It represents an effective alternative to the so-called “Half-Cut Model” (HCM) proposed by Oshima and Ichikawa. The new test valve simplifies the experimental set-up and allows to visualize the whole internal flow field, providing full insight in both the inception and the spatial development of the cavitation. Moving from the HCM, the key features of the prismatic valve are preliminarily investigated and assessed by modelling, trough 3-D CFD simulations within OpenFOAM environment. Once the layout of prismatic valve is defined, the experimental assessment phase is carried out, highlighting its capability in research and development activities.
本文提出了一种对液压阀进行实验表征的新方法。所提出的方法可以捕捉阀门的关键布局,研究其特征流速,并可视化通过阀门的流量。在文献中发现的实验技术之后,这种新方法引入了原始测试阀的使用,简称为“棱镜”。它代表了大岛和一川提出的所谓“半切模型”(HCM)的有效替代方案。新的测试阀简化了实验设置,并允许可视化整个内部流场,从而全面了解空化的开始和空间发展。从HCM开始,通过建模,在OpenFOAM环境中进行三维CFD模拟,对棱柱阀的关键特征进行了初步研究和评估。一旦确定了棱柱阀的布局,就进入了实验评估阶段,突出了其在研发活动中的能力。
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引用次数: 2
Investigation on the Effect of Impeller Design Parameters on Performance of a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump Using Taguchi Optimization Method 用田口优化法研究低比转速离心泵叶轮设计参数对性能的影响
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2322
H. Ayremlouzadeh, S. Jafarmadar, Seyed Reza Amini Niaki
In order to investigate the effect of blade design on pump performance, a CFD analysis was carried out, and the results were compared with experimental performance data of a low specific speed radial pump, which presents a good agreement. After model verification, the effect of impeller geometrical parameters includes blade outlet angle, wrap angle, and width at the exit, was investigated on the pump’s performance. Moreover, these parameters were chosen on three levels using an L9 orthogonal standard array of the Taguchi optimization method. The efficient levels of variables were calculated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. The results revealed that impeller width at exit and blade outlet angle is the most effective pump shaft power and efficiency parameters. To minimize power, the optimal levels are the outlet angle of 27∘∘, wrap angle of 150∘∘, and width at the exit of 9 mm. Further, an outlet angle of 23∘∘, a wrap angle of 155∘∘, and a width at the exit of 9 mm lead to maximum pump efficiency. According to the validation simulations, an increase of 2.4% inefficiency and a minimum power of 3.9KW were achieved. The Overall Evaluation Criteria (OEC) technique revealed that considering 23∘∘, 160∘∘, and 9 mm for outlet angle, wrap angle, and width at the exit, minimum shaft power, and maximum pump efficiency will be achieved. ANOVA introduced width at the exit as the most governing parameter of pump performance characteristics.
为了研究叶片设计对泵性能的影响,进行了CFD分析,并将结果与低比转速径向泵的实验性能数据进行了比较,结果吻合较好。经过模型验证,研究了叶片出口角、包角和出口宽度等叶轮几何参数对泵性能的影响。此外,使用田口优化方法的L9正交标准阵列在三个水平上选择这些参数。使用方差分析(ANOVA)方法计算变量的有效水平。结果表明,叶轮出口宽度和叶片出口角度是最有效的泵轴功率和效率参数。为了最大限度地减少功率,最佳水平是出口角度为27°,包裹角度为150°,出口宽度为9毫米。此外,出口角为23°、包角为155°、出口宽度为9mm可获得最大泵效率。根据验证模拟,效率提高了2.4%,最小功率为3.9KW。总体评估标准(OEC)技术表明,考虑出口角、包角和出口宽度分别为23、160和9mm,将实现最小轴功率和最大泵效率。方差分析将出口处的宽度作为泵性能特征的最主要控制参数。
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引用次数: 2
Research on Fault Diagnosis of Hydraulic System of Fast Erecting Device Based on Fuzzy Neural Network 基于模糊神经网络的快速起重装置液压系统故障诊断研究
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2321
Yangbin Zheng, Xiao Xue, Jisong Zhang
In order to improve the fault diagnosis effectiveness of hydraulic system in erecting devices, the fuzzy neural neural network is applied to carry out fault diagnosis of hydraulic system. Firstly, the main faults of hydraulic system of erecting mechanism are summarized. The main faults of hydraulic system of erecting devices concludes abnormal noise, high temperature of hydraulic oil of hydraulic system, leakage of hydraulic system, low operating speed of hydraulic system, and the characteristics of different faults are analyzed. Secondly, basic theory of fuzzy neural network is studied, and the framework of fuzzy neural network is designed. The inputting layer, fuzzy layer, fuzzy relation layer, relationship layer after fuzzy operation and outputting layer of fuzzy neural network are designed, and the corresponding mathematical models are confirmed. The analysis procedure of fuzzy neural network is established. Thirdly, simulation analysis is carried out for a hydraulic system in erecting device, the BP neural network reaches convergence after 600 times iterations, and the fuzzy neural network reaches convergence after 400 times iterations, fuzzy neural network can obtain higher accuracy than BP neural network, and running time of fuzzy neural network is less than that of BP neural network, therefore, simulation results show that the fuzzy neural network can effectively improve the fault diagnosis efficiency and precision. Therefore, the fuzzy neural network is reliable for fault diagnosis of hydraulic system in erecting devices, which has higher fault diagnosis effect, which can provide the theory basis for healthy detection of hydraulic system in erecting devices.
为了提高架设设备液压系统故障诊断的有效性,将模糊神经网络应用于液压系统的故障诊断。首先,总结了架设机构液压系统的主要故障。架设装置液压系统的主要故障有异响、液压油温度高、液压系统泄漏、液压系统运行速度低,并分析了不同故障的特点。其次,对模糊神经网络的基本理论进行了研究,设计了模糊神经网络框架。设计了模糊神经网络的输入层、模糊层、模糊关系层、模糊运算后的关系层和输出层,并确定了相应的数学模型。建立了模糊神经网络的分析程序。再次,对架设装置中的液压系统进行了仿真分析,BP神经网络在600次迭代后达到收敛,模糊神经网络在400次迭代后到达收敛,模糊神经元网络可以获得比BP神经网络更高的精度,并且模糊神经网络的运行时间小于BP神经网络,仿真结果表明,模糊神经网络能够有效地提高故障诊断的效率和精度。因此,模糊神经网络用于架设装置液压系统的故障诊断是可靠的,具有较高的故障诊断效果,可以为架设装置液压系的健康检测提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
Direct Actuation of Large Sized Valves by a Hydraulically Relieved Electromechanical Actuation System 液压减压机电致动系统直接致动大尺寸阀门
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-11-20 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2312
Tobias Vonderbank, Pierre Marc Laßl Chavez, K. Schmitz
Extensive actuation forces and strokes are required for the actuation of large sized valves normally implemented in high power hydraulic systems. A hydraulically piloted operation is, for now, the most suitable solution and state of the art. However, there are some applications where electromechanical valve actuation systems are at advantage against common pilot operation systems. In this contribution it is analyzed in which cases the application of electro-mechanical actuators can be of advantage and why displacement-controlled systems may be one of these applications. A novel electromechanical valve actuation system for large sized 4/3-way directional control valves for the use in displacement-controlled systems is presented. This new actuation system is characterized by a hydraulic relief of the centering springs. Therefore, the springs are only active in safety-critical conditions, such as a power outage. Since the actuator is not working against the spring force during every displacement, the necessary actuation force is reduced drastically. Thus, common electromechanical actuators can be used. In case of a power outage, the spring relief is deactivated causing the stored energy to center the spool in its neutral position. The performance of the novel actuation system is examined through measurements conducted on a manufactured demonstrator for valves of nominal size 25 with a flow rate of up to 600 l/min.
通常在高功率液压系统中实现的大型阀门的致动需要大的致动力和冲程。目前,液压先导操作是最合适的解决方案和最先进的技术。然而,在某些应用中,机电阀门致动系统相对于普通先导操作系统具有优势。在这篇文章中,分析了机电致动器的应用在哪些情况下是有利的,以及为什么位移控制系统可能是这些应用之一。提出了一种用于位移控制系统的大型4/3通方向控制阀的新型机电阀驱动系统。这种新型执行系统的特点是对中弹簧进行液压释放。因此,弹簧仅在安全关键条件下活动,例如停电。由于致动器在每次位移过程中都不会抵抗弹簧力,因此所需的致动力会大幅减小。因此,可以使用普通的机电致动器。在断电的情况下,弹簧安全阀将停用,从而使储存的能量将滑阀置于中间位置。通过在标称尺寸为25、流速高达600升/分钟的阀门的制造演示器上进行的测量,检查了新型致动系统的性能。
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引用次数: 1
Optimisation of a Pump-Controlled Hydraulic System using Digital Displacement Pumps 使用数字排量泵的泵控液压系统优化
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-11-20 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2313
L. Larsson, Robert Lejonberg, Liselott Ericson
When electrifying working machines, energy-efficient operation is key to maximise the use of the limited capacity of on-board batteries. Previous research indicate high energy savings by means of component and system design. In contrast, this paper focuses on how to maximise energy efficiency by means of both design and control optimisation. Simulation-based optimisation and dynamic programming are used to find the optimal electric motor speed trajectory and component sizes for a scooptram machine equipped with pump control, enabled by digital displacement pumps with dynamic flow sharing. The results show that a hardware configuration and control strategy that enable low pump speed minimise drag losses from parasitic components, partly facilitated by the relatively high and operation point-independent efficiencies of the pumps and electric motor. 5–10% cycle energy reductions are indicated, where the higher figure was obtained for simultaneous design and control optimisation. For other, more hydraulic-intense applications, such as excavators, greater reductions could be expected.
在为工作机器通电时,节能操作是最大限度地利用有限容量车载电池的关键。先前的研究表明,通过组件和系统设计可以实现高节能。相比之下,本文侧重于如何通过设计和控制优化来最大限度地提高能源效率。基于仿真的优化和动态编程用于为配备泵控制的挖掘机找到最佳电机速度轨迹和部件尺寸,该泵由具有动态流量共享的数字排量泵实现。结果表明,实现低泵速的硬件配置和控制策略将寄生部件的阻力损失降至最低,部分原因是泵和电动机的相对较高且与操作点无关的效率。指出了5–10%的循环能量减少,其中获得的较高数字用于同时进行设计和控制优化。对于其他液压强度更大的应用,如挖掘机,预计会有更大的减少。
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引用次数: 1
Extended Analysis of a Valve-Controlled System with Multi-Chamber Actuator 多腔执行器阀控系统的扩展分析
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-11-20 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2314
Henrique Raduenz, Liselott Ericson, Kim Heybroek, Victor J. De. Negri, P. Krus
This paper outlines an extended analysis on how multi-chamber actuators can improve the efficiency of valve-controlled systems. Resistive control is a major source of energy losses in valve-controlled systems that share the same pump to drive multiple loads. By combining different chambers, the load on multi-chamber actuators can be transformed into different pressure and flow rate levels. This allows the adaptation of its load to the loads on other actuators. This can lead to a reduction of resistive control energy losses that occur between pump and actuators when driven simultaneously. As a case study to highlight how the system efficiency can be improved, a load sensing system with a conventional and a multi-chamber actuator is analysed. The equations that describe the system steady state behaviour are presented to evaluate the effect of the load transformations on the system efficiency. A disadvantage of such architecture is the fact that load transformations result in different actuator speeds. To reduce this effect, a compensation factor for the command signal to the proportional valve is presented. The highlight from this paper is the potential for efficiency improvement enabled by the adoption of multi-chamber actuators in a valve-controlled architecture. Further research is required for the selection of number of chambers and their areas since they directly affect the system efficiency.
本文对多腔执行器如何提高阀控系统的效率进行了扩展分析。电阻控制是阀门控制系统中能量损失的主要来源,阀门控制系统共享同一个泵来驱动多个负载。通过组合不同的腔室,多腔室致动器上的负载可以转换为不同的压力和流速水平。这允许其负载适应其他致动器上的负载。这可以减少当同时驱动时在泵和致动器之间发生的电阻控制能量损失。作为强调如何提高系统效率的案例研究,分析了一个具有传统和多腔致动器的负载传感系统。提出了描述系统稳态行为的方程,以评估负载转换对系统效率的影响。这种结构的缺点是负载变换导致不同的致动器速度。为了减少这种影响,提出了比例阀指令信号的补偿系数。本文的重点是通过在阀控结构中采用多腔致动器来提高效率的潜力。需要对腔室数量及其面积的选择进行进一步的研究,因为它们直接影响系统效率。
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引用次数: 1
Adaptive Identification and Application of Flow Mapping and Inverse Flow Mapping for Electrohydraulic Valves 电液阀流量映射和逆流量映射的自适应识别及应用
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-11-20 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2315
Jianbin Liu, André Sitte, J. Weber
Good estimation of flow mapping (FM) and inverse flow mapping (IFM) for electrohydraulic valves are important in automation of fluid power system. The purpose of this paper is to propose adaptive identification methods based on LSM, BPNN, RBFNN, GRNN, LSSVM and RLSM to estimate the uncertain structure and parameters in flow mapping and inverse flow mapping for electrohydraulic valves. In order to reduce the complexity and improve the identification performance, model structures derived from new algorithm are introduced. The above identification methods are applied to map the flow characteristic of an electrohydraulic valve. With the help of novel simulation architecture via OPC UA, the accuracy and efficiency of these algorithms could be verified. Some issues like invertibility of flow mapping are discussed. At last, places and suggestions to apply these methods are made.
电液阀流量映射(FM)和反流量映射(IFM)的正确估计在流体动力系统自动化中具有重要意义。本文的目的是提出基于LSM、BPNN、RBFNN、GRNN、LSSVM和RLSM的自适应辨识方法来估计电液阀流量映射和反流量映射中的不确定结构和参数。为了降低识别复杂度和提高识别性能,引入了新算法衍生的模型结构。将上述识别方法应用于电液阀的流量特性图。借助基于OPC UA的新型仿真架构,验证了这些算法的准确性和高效性。讨论了流映射的可逆性等问题。最后提出了应用这些方法的地方和建议。
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引用次数: 0
Heat Transfer Model of Pneumatic End-Position Cylinder Cushioning 气动端部气缸缓冲的传热模型
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-11-20 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2311
F. Nazarov, J. Weber
In this paper a thermal model of a pneumatic cylinder with an integrated pneumatic end cushioning is presented. Being a part of a multidomain model presented in former research, this model is needed to simulate and analyse the thermodynamic processes in the pneumatic end cushioning and to elaborate a novel design strategy for damping systems with a higher capability on kinetic energy absorption and robust performance under fluctuating operating conditions. For this purpose, a proper heat exchange model is inevitable to calculate the pressure in the cushioning volume and consequently the deceleration of the load. An approach of splitting the complex geometry of cylinder into simple geometries, such as plain or cylindrical surfaces, is used in this study for a fast computation of convective heat flow rates. To validate this approach, the simulation results were compared with the measurements, carried out at different supply pressures, piston speeds and end cushioning throttle openings. The model will be used further for sensitivity analysis and robust optimisation of the cushioning system design.
本文提出了一个带有集成气动端部缓冲装置的气缸的热模型。作为先前研究中提出的多域模型的一部分,该模型用于模拟和分析气动端部缓冲的热力学过程,并为具有更高动能吸收能力和在波动操作条件下具有鲁棒性能的阻尼系统制定一种新的设计策略。为此,不可避免地需要一个适当的热交换模型来计算缓冲体积中的压力,从而计算负载的减速度。本研究采用了一种将复杂的圆柱体几何结构拆分为简单几何结构(如平面或圆柱形表面)的方法来快速计算对流热流率。为了验证这种方法,将模拟结果与在不同供应压力、活塞速度和端部缓冲节气门开度下进行的测量结果进行了比较。该模型将进一步用于缓冲系统设计的灵敏度分析和稳健优化。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Negative Flow Control Variable Axial Piston Pump for Hydraulic Excavator 液压挖掘机反向流量控制可变轴向柱塞泵动态特性研究
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2235
Jin Sh, Kecheng Zhang
Hydraulic excavator is important mechanical equipment in engineering construction, which is widely used in mining enterprises, construction industry, etc. Variable axial piston pump is the main power component of hydraulic excavator. The negative flow control variable axial piston pump is deduced and the mathematical model is established. The dynamic simulation model of negative flow control variable axial piston pump is built by using SIMULINK in MATLAB software, and the simulation analysis is carried out. The influence of the main parameters of negative flow control mechanism on the dynamic characteristics of negative flow control variable axial piston pump is obtained, which provides a reference for the parameter design of negative flow control mechanism.
液压挖掘机是工程建设中重要的机械设备,广泛应用于矿山企业、建筑行业等。可变轴向柱塞泵是液压挖掘机的主要动力部件。推导了负流量控制变量轴向柱塞泵,并建立了数学模型。利用MATLAB软件中的SIMULINK建立了负流量控制变量轴向柱塞泵的动态仿真模型,并进行了仿真分析。得到了负流量控制机构主要参数对负流量控制变量轴向柱塞泵动态特性的影响,为负流量控制机构参数设计提供了参考。
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引用次数: 2
Pulsation Simulation and Energy Consumption Analysis of Series Pump Valve Cooperative Control Hydraulic System 串联泵阀协同控制液压系统脉动仿真及能耗分析
IF 0.8 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2236
Kecheng Zhang, Jingrong Shi
In order to reduce the pulsation and the energy consumption of the hydraulic system, the series pump and valve cooperative control hydraulic system is designed, and the pulsation simulation and energy consumption analysis of it is carried out. Firstly, the working principle of series pump valve co control system is studied. Secondly, the mathematical model of series pump valve cooperation control system is established. And then the Controller of series pump valve cooperation control system is designed. Finally, the simulation analysis of the proposed hydraulic system is carried out, and results show that the proposed system has high stability and low energy consumption.
为了减小液压系统的脉动和能耗,设计了泵阀串联协同控制液压系统,并对其进行了脉动仿真和能耗分析。首先,研究了串联泵阀控制系统的工作原理。其次,建立了串联泵阀协同控制系统的数学模型。然后设计了串联泵阀协同控制系统的控制器。最后,对所提出的液压系统进行了仿真分析,结果表明所提出的液压系统具有高稳定性和低能耗的特点。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Fluid Power
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