Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149899
KP Adiraju
Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism occurs due to an under functioning thyroid gland and presents with varied symptoms and signs. Thyroid disorders are common in Indian population and the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is high. Objective: This study intended to assess the clinical profile of patients presenting with subclinical hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study that analyzed the medical records of adult patients diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism for a period of three years. Results: 71 patients within the age range of 18 years to 77 years were diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism. Among these 53 (75%) patients had various clinical symptoms. Body pains were the most common symptom (38 %) followed by weight gain(27%) and tiredness (20%). A significant number of patients were obese (25%). Enlarged thyroid(14%) and dyslipidemia (25%) were also recorded. 63 (75%) patients were initiated on low dose levothyroxine. Conclusion: Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism present with varied non-specific clinical symptoms. Treatment with low dose levothyroxine resulted in lowering of serum TSH to normal range and relief of symptoms.
{"title":"Clinical Profile of Subclinical Hypothyroidism:A Retrospective Study","authors":"KP Adiraju","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149899","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism occurs due to an under functioning thyroid gland and presents with varied symptoms and signs. Thyroid disorders are common in Indian population and the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is high. Objective: This study intended to assess the clinical profile of patients presenting with subclinical hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study that analyzed the medical records of adult patients diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism for a period of three years. Results: 71 patients within the age range of 18 years to 77 years were diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism. Among these 53 (75%) patients had various clinical symptoms. Body pains were the most common symptom (38 %) followed by weight gain(27%) and tiredness (20%). A significant number of patients were obese (25%). Enlarged thyroid(14%) and dyslipidemia (25%) were also recorded. 63 (75%) patients were initiated on low dose levothyroxine. Conclusion: Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism present with varied non-specific clinical symptoms. Treatment with low dose levothyroxine resulted in lowering of serum TSH to normal range and relief of symptoms.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"1475-1482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88480267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149922
Vikas Meshram, Nitin Fating, Z. Asar, M. Tiwari, A. Bhagat
The dislocation of the mandibular condyle / condyles occurs most commonly in an anterior direction due to trauma. This is a known fact as due to pull of lateral pterygoid muscle. On the contrary, posterior, superior, or lateral dislocations of the intact mandibular condyle occur rarely, and very few such cases have been reported in the English language literature. The rarity of these dislocations can be attributed to the varying anatomy of the condyle, the direction of pull of muscles attached to the condyle and low incidence of skull base fractures from an indirect blow. A case of bilateral supero-lateral dislocation of the condyle associated with a symphyseal fracture is presented. We discuss the dynamics, diagnostic features and clinical management of such dislocations with extensive review of literature.
{"title":"Unusual Supero-Lateral Dislocation of Intact Bilateral Mandibular Condyles Associated with Right Parasymphysis Mandibular Fracture:A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Vikas Meshram, Nitin Fating, Z. Asar, M. Tiwari, A. Bhagat","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149922","url":null,"abstract":"The dislocation of the mandibular condyle / condyles occurs most commonly in an anterior direction due to trauma. This is a known fact as due to pull of lateral pterygoid muscle. On the contrary, posterior, superior, or lateral dislocations of the intact mandibular condyle occur rarely, and very few such cases have been reported in the English language literature. The rarity of these dislocations can be attributed to the varying anatomy of the condyle, the direction of pull of muscles attached to the condyle and low incidence of skull base fractures from an indirect blow. A case of bilateral supero-lateral dislocation of the condyle associated with a symphyseal fracture is presented. We discuss the dynamics, diagnostic features and clinical management of such dislocations with extensive review of literature.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"25 3","pages":"1561-1570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91434896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149905
Preeti Garg, Vidushi Sharma, J. K. Bajaj
Background: The use of drugs and occurrence of its ADRs go hand in hand. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs is an effective method and needs to be encouraged. Objective: The study was planned to know the perception of interns towards pharmacovigilance and to make them aware of the importance of ADR reporting. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional observational questionnaire based study conducted on 100 interns to gather information about the knowledge of Pharmacovigilance, attitude towards reporting and factors in practice which could act as a deterrent to the reporting of ADRs. Results: Out of the 100 interns, 90 responded. 50 % participants knew the purpose of PV. 67% agreed that it should be mandatory. 59% and 67% said that medical students and nurses have a role to play in PV. Half of the interns had seen an ADR, only 42% knew how and where to report. Very few (9%) were aware of what happens to the information submitted by them. Conclusion: There is a huge gap between knowledge of ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance and the practical reporting of ADRs. Our health care providers need to be well equipped to detect, manage, report ADRs. For this, educational intervention, regular training programmes are the need of the hour to create awareness and take care of the factors responsible for under reporting. Pharmacovigilance programme needs to be strengthened by increasing the rate of ADR reporting by active participation of health care providers.
{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacovigilance among the Interns in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India-A Questionnaire Based Study","authors":"Preeti Garg, Vidushi Sharma, J. K. Bajaj","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149905","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of drugs and occurrence of its ADRs go hand in hand. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs is an effective method and needs to be encouraged. Objective: The study was planned to know the perception of interns towards pharmacovigilance and to make them aware of the importance of ADR reporting. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional observational questionnaire based study conducted on 100 interns to gather information about the knowledge of Pharmacovigilance, attitude towards reporting and factors in practice which could act as a deterrent to the reporting of ADRs. Results: Out of the 100 interns, 90 responded. 50 % participants knew the purpose of PV. 67% agreed that it should be mandatory. 59% and 67% said that medical students and nurses have a role to play in PV. Half of the interns had seen an ADR, only 42% knew how and where to report. Very few (9%) were aware of what happens to the information submitted by them. Conclusion: There is a huge gap between knowledge of ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance and the practical reporting of ADRs. Our health care providers need to be well equipped to detect, manage, report ADRs. For this, educational intervention, regular training programmes are the need of the hour to create awareness and take care of the factors responsible for under reporting. Pharmacovigilance programme needs to be strengthened by increasing the rate of ADR reporting by active participation of health care providers.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"1498-1503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77678702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149893
Rakesh Kumar
Antimicrobials, the wonder drugs have saved millions of lives since 1928; when Penicillin was first discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming. For many decades after the first patient was treated with antibiotics, these drugs have played a pivotal role in achieving major advances in medical field. They helped to decrease morbidity, mortality and extended the life expectancy by changing the outcome of bacterial infections. The alarm regarding its overuse was first raised way back in 1945 by Sir Alexander Fleming.
自1928年以来，抗菌剂这种神奇的药物拯救了数百万人的生命;亚历山大·弗莱明爵士首次发现青霉素。在第一个病人接受抗生素治疗后的几十年里，这些药物在医学领域取得重大进展方面发挥了关键作用。它们通过改变细菌感染的结果，帮助降低了发病率和死亡率，延长了预期寿命。早在1945年，亚历山大·弗莱明爵士(Sir Alexander Fleming)就首次提出了对其过度使用的警告。
{"title":"Need for Rational Use of Antibiotics","authors":"Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149893","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobials, the wonder drugs have saved millions of lives since 1928; when Penicillin was first discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming. For many decades after the first patient was treated with antibiotics, these drugs have played a pivotal role in achieving major advances in medical field. They helped to decrease morbidity, mortality and extended the life expectancy by changing the outcome of bacterial infections. The alarm regarding its overuse was first raised way back in 1945 by Sir Alexander Fleming.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"1454-1455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76030997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149911
Parvez Ikram, Nadeem Jeddy
Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant oral disorder has the highest rate of malignant transformation of about 7-13%. The connective tissue changes that occur in this disease are characteristic and are stained with special stains. Objective: The study was done to compare common and special stains under light microscopy and polarizing microscopy to evaluate the levels of fibrosis in oral submucous fibrosis and assess the type of collagen present in the stromal area. Materials and Methods: Fifty tissue blocks were selected from the archives and were prepared and stained with H&E, Masson's trichrome, Van Gieson and Picrosirius red and studied under light microscope and polarizing microscope respectively. Results: H and E stained slides were useful in diagnosing the lesion but was not able to highlight the level of fibrosis. Masson's trichrome and Van Gieson stained slides showed the depth of the lesion which extended even to the deeper muscle layer. The type of collagen present was definitively seen by the birefringence in polarizing microscopic study. Interobserver variation was less and all the values regarding the effectiveness of the special stains in detecting the level of fibrosis were statistically significant. Conclusion: Special stains can be used routinely in laboratories to demonstrate connective tissue lesions especially in cases of OSMF. Depth of the lesion and the area of involvement help in treatment planning to be delivered. Large scale studies with more categories and inclusion criteria are required along with the special stains to assess the other alterations in OSMF.
{"title":"Evaluation of Fibrotic Changes in OSMF:A Retrospective Study Using Special Stains and Polarizing Microscopy","authors":"Parvez Ikram, Nadeem Jeddy","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149911","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant oral disorder has the highest rate of malignant transformation of about 7-13%. The connective tissue changes that occur in this disease are characteristic and are stained with special stains. Objective: The study was done to compare common and special stains under light microscopy and polarizing microscopy to evaluate the levels of fibrosis in oral submucous fibrosis and assess the type of collagen present in the stromal area. Materials and Methods: Fifty tissue blocks were selected from the archives and were prepared and stained with H&E, Masson's trichrome, Van Gieson and Picrosirius red and studied under light microscope and polarizing microscope respectively. Results: H and E stained slides were useful in diagnosing the lesion but was not able to highlight the level of fibrosis. Masson's trichrome and Van Gieson stained slides showed the depth of the lesion which extended even to the deeper muscle layer. The type of collagen present was definitively seen by the birefringence in polarizing microscopic study. Interobserver variation was less and all the values regarding the effectiveness of the special stains in detecting the level of fibrosis were statistically significant. Conclusion: Special stains can be used routinely in laboratories to demonstrate connective tissue lesions especially in cases of OSMF. Depth of the lesion and the area of involvement help in treatment planning to be delivered. Large scale studies with more categories and inclusion criteria are required along with the special stains to assess the other alterations in OSMF.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"1518-1524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79781354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149904
B. Kaur, U. Bedi
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing globally. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetes and hypertension, and lifestyle and clinical risk factor do not fully account for the link between the conditions. Objective: This study provides an overview of the evidences concerning the role of stressful life events as contributors of increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the population. Material and Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study comprising of 80 random cases of newly detected type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Strength of association with the outcome endurance of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with stress levels grouped as slight risk, moderate risk and at risk was evaluated and reported as RR (relative risk) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) x^2 used for trend, p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Strong association found between exposure to stress and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR=1.51, 95% CI=1.09-2.10) (p=0.02). A positive linear trend was observed between hypertension and stress. For SBP (x^2 for trend=18.5, df=2, p=0.0001 highly significant). DBP 7 times more risk of developing hypertension (RR=7.36, 95% CI=1.27-4.94), p=0.0006 (highly significant). Conclusion: Strong association was found between stress and development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In hypertensive's a positive linear trend was seen between the two variables. In the diabetics, the relative risk with stress was 1.5 times. Stressful life events increase the risk of developing Type2 diabetes and hypertension.
{"title":"Role of Stress in Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension","authors":"B. Kaur, U. Bedi","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149904","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing globally. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetes and hypertension, and lifestyle and clinical risk factor do not fully account for the link between the conditions. Objective: This study provides an overview of the evidences concerning the role of stressful life events as contributors of increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the population. Material and Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study comprising of 80 random cases of newly detected type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Strength of association with the outcome endurance of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with stress levels grouped as slight risk, moderate risk and at risk was evaluated and reported as RR (relative risk) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) x^2 used for trend, p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Strong association found between exposure to stress and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR=1.51, 95% CI=1.09-2.10) (p=0.02). A positive linear trend was observed between hypertension and stress. For SBP (x^2 for trend=18.5, df=2, p=0.0001 highly significant). DBP 7 times more risk of developing hypertension (RR=7.36, 95% CI=1.27-4.94), p=0.0006 (highly significant). Conclusion: Strong association was found between stress and development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In hypertensive's a positive linear trend was seen between the two variables. In the diabetics, the relative risk with stress was 1.5 times. Stressful life events increase the risk of developing Type2 diabetes and hypertension.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"338 1","pages":"1493-1497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80697668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149896
Debashis Saha, Suman Ghosh, S. Nath, Habibul Islam
Background: Cancer cervix is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. According to National Cancer Registry Program of India, cancers of cervix and breast are leading malignancies in Indian women. The morbidity and mortality could be significantly reduced with an active cervical smear screening programme. Objective: The study was done to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of women about cervical smear testing, to establish a cervical smear screening program and to evaluate the cervical cytological abnormalities. It was done to determine the applicability, limitations and utility of this screening in a district hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 287 married women were included in our study. Knowledge about Pap smear testing was determined through printed questionnaires. Pap smear screening was performed on every woman in our study group. Detailed clinical data and cytology reports were noted in a proforma. Results: About 92% women of our study group had never heard or undergone Pap smear screening before. Maximum number of patients was in 4th decade. Of the 287 smears, 276(96.16%) were adequate. Normal smear were 78(27.18%), inflammatory 168(58.54%), whereas epithelial cell abnormalities were seen in 26(9.05%) cases. The 26 abnormal cases comprised of 17(5.92%) cases with ASCUS, 5(1.74%) cases of LSIL, 1(0.35%) cases of HSIL, 3(1.04%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Epithelial cell abnormality in our study group was less than Western countries. There is poor knowledge about Pap smear screening. Pap smear study can be easily done through a chain built between the primary health care unit and district hospital and laboratory.
{"title":"Utility of Pap Smear Screening for Prevention of Cervical Cancer-A 3yrs Study from Rural Tripura-A Northeastern State of India","authors":"Debashis Saha, Suman Ghosh, S. Nath, Habibul Islam","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149896","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer cervix is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. According to National Cancer Registry Program of India, cancers of cervix and breast are leading malignancies in Indian women. The morbidity and mortality could be significantly reduced with an active cervical smear screening programme. Objective: The study was done to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of women about cervical smear testing, to establish a cervical smear screening program and to evaluate the cervical cytological abnormalities. It was done to determine the applicability, limitations and utility of this screening in a district hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 287 married women were included in our study. Knowledge about Pap smear testing was determined through printed questionnaires. Pap smear screening was performed on every woman in our study group. Detailed clinical data and cytology reports were noted in a proforma. Results: About 92% women of our study group had never heard or undergone Pap smear screening before. Maximum number of patients was in 4th decade. Of the 287 smears, 276(96.16%) were adequate. Normal smear were 78(27.18%), inflammatory 168(58.54%), whereas epithelial cell abnormalities were seen in 26(9.05%) cases. The 26 abnormal cases comprised of 17(5.92%) cases with ASCUS, 5(1.74%) cases of LSIL, 1(0.35%) cases of HSIL, 3(1.04%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Epithelial cell abnormality in our study group was less than Western countries. There is poor knowledge about Pap smear screening. Pap smear study can be easily done through a chain built between the primary health care unit and district hospital and laboratory.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"1456-1461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75408621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149906
D. Gul, Nidhi Sharma
Background: The substances abuse has become one of the major public health problems of present society. Illicit drug use in India is quite serious, with a population of over 1 billion people, millions of victims of different kinds of drug abuse are estimated. Objective: The study aimed to know the socio-demographic profile and pattern of substance abuse among patients presenting to a deaddiction centre in a teaching hospital of Punjab. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted from April 15, 2016 to June 15, 2016. Three hundred consecutive treatment seeking subjects, fulfilling American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - IV-TR criteria for substance-dependence were included in the study. Results: Opioids were abused by 179 (59.67%) and alcohol by 87 (29%) of the patients. The age of initiation was below 27 years in 81.67% of the patients. As regards the reason behind initiation, improved sexual performance (25.33%) and peer pressure (25%) were two most important reasons cited. Conclusion: Opioids were the most frequently abused substances followed by alcohol and has become one of the major public health problem of the society.
{"title":"Socio-Demographic Profile and Pattern of Substance Abuse among Patients Presenting to a Deaddiction Centre in a Teaching Hospital of Punjab","authors":"D. Gul, Nidhi Sharma","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149906","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The substances abuse has become one of the major public health problems of present society. Illicit drug use in India is quite serious, with a population of over 1 billion people, millions of victims of different kinds of drug abuse are estimated. Objective: The study aimed to know the socio-demographic profile and pattern of substance abuse among patients presenting to a deaddiction centre in a teaching hospital of Punjab. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted from April 15, 2016 to June 15, 2016. Three hundred consecutive treatment seeking subjects, fulfilling American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - IV-TR criteria for substance-dependence were included in the study. Results: Opioids were abused by 179 (59.67%) and alcohol by 87 (29%) of the patients. The age of initiation was below 27 years in 81.67% of the patients. As regards the reason behind initiation, improved sexual performance (25.33%) and peer pressure (25%) were two most important reasons cited. Conclusion: Opioids were the most frequently abused substances followed by alcohol and has become one of the major public health problem of the society.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"1504-1508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86203682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149917
N. Ekka, Arpana Singh
Double J stents are an integral part of urological practice today. Ureteral stenting is done as an adjunct to ureteral surgery and for managing ureteral obstruction. Every urological surgery doesn't require DJ stenting and their use must be strictly restricted to selected cases. Retension is a common complication of ureteral stents and is mostly due to encrustations on a forgotten DJ stent. Here we report a case of retained DJ stent which was placed during open nephrolithotomy. It was neither forgotten nor encrusted, but was embedded in the renal parenchyma. As per our knowledge this is the first case of its kind to be reported in medical literature.
{"title":"An Unusual Case of Retained DJ Stent","authors":"N. Ekka, Arpana Singh","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149917","url":null,"abstract":"Double J stents are an integral part of urological practice today. Ureteral stenting is done as an adjunct to ureteral surgery and for managing ureteral obstruction. Every urological surgery doesn't require DJ stenting and their use must be strictly restricted to selected cases. Retension is a common complication of ureteral stents and is mostly due to encrustations on a forgotten DJ stent. Here we report a case of retained DJ stent which was placed during open nephrolithotomy. It was neither forgotten nor encrusted, but was embedded in the renal parenchyma. As per our knowledge this is the first case of its kind to be reported in medical literature.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":"1543-1545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80180526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149916
N. Asifa, A. Shashikiran, N. Rajashekhar
"Dyssebacia" is the name coined to describe numerous plugs of inspissated sebum projecting from dilated orifices of sebaceous glands. This is a case series report of 12 patients who presented to our department with complaints of asymptomatic skin lesions which started first in lower part of nose followed by involvement of entire nose, cheeks and forehead .On examination there were multiple yellow plugs of sebum projecting out from follicular orifices resembling those of shark skin. Dermoscopic examination and Urinary levels of Niacinamide levels in urine were estimated in few cases. Based on history, clinical examination and laboratory, Diagnosis of dyssebacia was made and patients were started on niacinamide following which there was improvement in lesions in 8 of the 12 patients within two to four weeks. Diagnosis of pellagra is based on clinical criteria. Dyssebacia can be the early cutaneous marker of niacin deficiency. Thus in this context detection of dyssebecia acts as a primeval marker in diagnosis of pellagra, which still exists in epidemic proportions in many countries.
{"title":"Dyssebacia:An Early Cutaneous Marker of Niacin Deficiency","authors":"N. Asifa, A. Shashikiran, N. Rajashekhar","doi":"10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19056/IJMDSJSSMES/2017/V6I2/149916","url":null,"abstract":"\"Dyssebacia\" is the name coined to describe numerous plugs of inspissated sebum projecting from dilated orifices of sebaceous glands. This is a case series report of 12 patients who presented to our department with complaints of asymptomatic skin lesions which started first in lower part of nose followed by involvement of entire nose, cheeks and forehead .On examination there were multiple yellow plugs of sebum projecting out from follicular orifices resembling those of shark skin. Dermoscopic examination and Urinary levels of Niacinamide levels in urine were estimated in few cases. Based on history, clinical examination and laboratory, Diagnosis of dyssebacia was made and patients were started on niacinamide following which there was improvement in lesions in 8 of the 12 patients within two to four weeks. Diagnosis of pellagra is based on clinical criteria. Dyssebacia can be the early cutaneous marker of niacin deficiency. Thus in this context detection of dyssebecia acts as a primeval marker in diagnosis of pellagra, which still exists in epidemic proportions in many countries.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"1539-1542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79416969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：