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Evaluation of an integrated activated partial thromboplastin time (Cephen LS/Cephen) for the detection of lupus anticoagulant 评估用于检测狼疮抗凝物的综合活化部分凝血活酶时间(Cephen LS/Cephen)。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14349
Adrien Thiriet, Vincent Poindron, Laurent Sattler, Jordan Wimmer, Delphine Rolland, Anne-Sophie Korganow, Laurent Mauvieux, Agathe Herb

Introduction

It is recommended to use two chronometric assays of different principles for the diagnosis of lupus anticoagulant (LA), consisting in diluted Russell Viper Venom Time (dRVVT) and activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT). Yet, there are only a few integrated aPTT assays; this study aims to evaluate one of them: Cephen LS/Cephen (Hyphen Biomed).

Method

249 samples of patients were included in this study. Normal reference ranges were determined with platelet-poor plasma (PPP) from healthy blood donors. Performances were then evaluated by comparing Cephen LS/Cephen test results to the results of the laboratory's reference assay for the diagnosis of LA and to clinical data, both on non-anticoagulated and anticoagulated patients' samples (Unfractioned heparin (UFH), Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH), Vitamin K Antagonists (VKA) and apixaban). Interference of UFH, LMWH and VKA were also evaluated thanks to spiking experiment of increasing heparin concentrations or factor deficiency.

Results

Cephen LS/Cephen test had 48.6% sensitivity towards LA. Although UFH and VKA seemed to interfere with this assay and were likely to cause false negative, LMWH and apixaban did not.

Finally, combination of Cephen LS/ Cephen with dRVVT had 89.0% sensitivity.

Conclusion

Cephen LS/Cephen seems relevant for LA diagnosis, in combination with dRVVT, and might be used in patients undergoing LMWH or apixaban therapy.

导言:在诊断狼疮抗凝物(LA)时,建议使用两种原理不同的计时测定法,即稀释罗素蝰蛇毒时间(dRVVT)和活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)。然而,目前只有少数几种整合式 aPTT 检测方法;本研究旨在对其中一种方法进行评估:方法:本研究纳入了 249 份患者样本。用健康献血者的贫血小板血浆(PPP)确定正常参考范围。然后将 Cephen LS/Cephen 检测结果与实验室诊断 LA 的参考检测结果以及临床数据(非抗凝和抗凝患者样本(非减量肝素(UFH)、低分子量肝素(LMWH)、维生素 K 拮抗剂(VKA)和阿哌沙班))进行比较,评估其性能。通过增加肝素浓度或因子缺乏的加标实验,还评估了 UFH、LMWH 和 VKA 的干扰:结果:Cephen LS/Cephen 试验对 LA 的灵敏度为 48.6%。尽管 UFH 和 VKA 似乎会干扰该检测,并可能导致假阴性,但 LMWH 和阿哌沙班不会。最后,Cephen LS/ Cephen 与 dRVVT 的组合具有 89.0% 的灵敏度:结论:Cephen LS/Cephen 与 dRVVT 联用似乎与 LA 诊断相关,可用于接受 LMWH 或阿哌沙班治疗的患者。
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引用次数: 0
Population-level anemia prevalence rates may be rendered inaccurate when hemoglobin is measured in pooled capillary blood or with the HemoCue® 301 device 如果使用毛细管集合血液或 HemoCue® 301 设备测量血红蛋白,人群贫血患病率可能会不准确。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14342
Kelsey M. Cochrane, Brock A. Williams, Hou Kroeun, Am Chanthan, Crystal D. Karakochuk
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引用次数: 0
Combined peripheral blood monocyte count and white blood cell count as a guide for successful one-day autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection 将外周血单核细胞计数和白细胞计数相结合,作为一天成功采集自体外周血干细胞的指南。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14351
Phandee Watanaboonyongcharoen, Nattarat Lorucharoen, Kitsada Wudhikarn, Udomsak Bunworasate, Chantiya Chanswangphuwana, Ponlapat Rojnuckarin

Introduction

Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) are the most common source of stem cell transplantation, which depends on an adequate number of CD34+ cells. Although pre-apheresis CD34+ cell count is a standard guide for the collection, it is not always available. This study aimed to evaluate complete blood count parameters for predicting successful one-day autologous PBSC collection.

Methods

Data from the patients who underwent autologous PBSC collection at a tertiary care hospital were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

There were 123 patients (185 leukapheresis procedures). Successful PBSC collection (CD34+ cells ≥4.0 × 106 cells/kg) was obtained in 85 patients (69.1%), of which 55 (44.7%) were successfully obtained on the first day. The median CD34+ collection efficiency was 44.1%. The mean platelet loss during apheresis was 39.9%. The adverse event rate was 18.9%. Patients in whom PBSCs were collected within one day were less likely to experience adverse effects related to leukapheresis. Pre-apheresis CD34+ cells ≥10 cells/μLand combined white blood cell (WBC) counts ≥5 × 109/L and/or monocyte ≥10% were independently associated with the successful one-day PBSC collection (adjusted odds ratio 24.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.30–109.10, p < 0.001; and 6.94, 95% CI 1.35–35.79, p = 0.021, respectively). Only pre-apheresis CD34+ cells had a strong correlation with the total stem cell yield.

Conclusions

To reduce the complication of leukapheresis, the combined pre-apheresis WBC ≥5 × 109/L and/or monocyte ≥10% is a practical parameter to initiate a successfully one-day PBSC collection with or without pre-apheresis CD34+ cell results.

简介外周血干细胞(PBSCs)是干细胞移植最常见的来源,而干细胞移植依赖于足够数量的 CD34+ 细胞。虽然采集前的CD34+细胞计数是采集的标准指南,但并非总能获得。本研究旨在评估全血细胞计数参数,以预测一天自体PBSC的成功采集:方法:回顾性分析一家三级医院自体 PBSC 采集患者的数据:结果:共有 123 名患者(185 例白细胞分离手术)。85名患者(69.1%)成功采集到了PBSC(CD34+细胞≥4.0 × 106 cells/kg),其中55名患者(44.7%)在第一天就成功采集到了PBSC。CD34+ 采集效率的中位数为 44.1%。血液净化过程中的血小板平均损失率为 39.9%。不良事件发生率为 18.9%。在一天内采集到 PBSCs 的患者较少出现与白细胞分离相关的不良反应。采集前CD34+细胞≥10个/μL和合并白细胞(WBC)计数≥5×109/L和/或单核细胞≥10%与一天内成功采集PBSC独立相关(调整后的几率比为24.06,95%置信区间[CI]为5.30-109.10,P:为了减少白细胞清除术的并发症,不论清除前是否有CD34+细胞结果,清除前白细胞≥5 × 109/L和/或单核细胞≥10%是启动一天成功采集PBSC的实用参数。
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引用次数: 0
Robustness assessment of an automated AI-based white blood cell morphometric analysis system using different smear preparation methods 使用不同涂片制备方法对基于人工智能的自动白细胞形态分析系统进行鲁棒性评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14350
Mendamar Ravzanaadii, Yuki Horiuchi, Yosuke Iwasaki, Akihiko Matsuzaki, Kimiko Kaniyu, Jing Bai, Aya Konishi, Jun Ando, Miki Ando, Yoko Tabe

Introduction

Numerous AI-based systems are being developed to evaluate peripheral blood (PB) smears, but the feasibility of these systems on different smear preparation methods has not been fully understood. In this study, we assessed the impact of different smear preparation methods on the robustness of the deep learning system (DLS).

Methods

We collected 193 PB samples from patients, preparing a pair of smears for each sample using two systems: (1) SP50 smears, prepared by the DLS recommended fully automated slide preparation with double fan drying and staining (May–Grunwald Giemsa, M–G) system using SP50 (Sysmex) and (2) SP1000i smears, prepared by automated smear preparation with single fan drying by SP1000i (Sysmex) and manually stained with M–G. Digital images of PB cells were captured using DI-60 (Sysmex), and the DLS performed cell classification. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were used to evaluate the performance of the DLS.

Results

The specificity and NPV for all cell types were 97.4%–100% in both smear sets. The average sensitivity and PPV were 88.9% and 90.1% on SP50 smears, and 87.0% and 83.2% on SP1000i smears, respectively. The lower performance on SP1000i smears was attributed to the intra-lineage misclassification of neutrophil precursors and inter-lineage misclassification of lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The DLS demonstrated consistent performance in specificity and NPV for smears prepared by a system different from the recommended method. Our results suggest that applying an automated smear preparation system optimized for the DLS system may be important.

导言:目前正在开发许多基于人工智能的系统来评估外周血(PB)涂片,但这些系统在不同涂片制备方法上的可行性尚未得到充分了解。在本研究中,我们评估了不同涂片制备方法对深度学习系统(DLS)稳健性的影响:我们从患者身上采集了 193 份 PB 样本,使用两种系统为每个样本制备了一对涂片:(1)SP50 涂片,由 DLS 推荐的全自动玻片制备双风扇干燥和染色(May-Grunwald Giemsa,M-G)系统使用 SP50(Sysmex)制备;(2)SP1000i 涂片,由 SP1000i(Sysmex)自动涂片制备单风扇干燥和手动 M-G 染色制备。使用 DI-60(Sysmex)捕捉 PB 细胞的数字图像,并用 DLS 进行细胞分类。灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)用于评估 DLS 的性能:两组涂片中所有细胞类型的特异性和 NPV 均为 97.4%-100%。SP50涂片的平均灵敏度和预测值分别为88.9%和90.1%,SP1000i涂片的平均灵敏度和预测值分别为87.0%和83.2%。SP1000i涂片的性能较低的原因是中性粒细胞前体的行内分类错误和淋巴细胞的行间分类错误:DLS在特异性和NPV方面的表现与推荐方法不同的系统制备的涂片一致。我们的结果表明,应用针对 DLS 系统优化的自动涂片制备系统可能非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Immunophenotypic features of early haematopoietic and leukaemia stem cells 早期造血干细胞和白血病干细胞的免疫表型特征。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14348
Tom Reuvekamp, Costa Bachas, Jacqueline Cloos

Many tumours are organised in a hierarchical structure with at its apex a cell that can maintain, establish, and repopulate the tumour—the cancer stem cell. The haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is the founder cell for all functional blood cells. Like HSCs, the leukaemia stem cells (LSC) are hypothesised to be the leukaemia-initiating cells, which have features of stemness such as self-renewal, quiescence, and resistance to cytotoxic drugs. Immunophenotypically, CD34+CD38− defines HSCs by adding lineage negativity and CD90+CD45RA−. At which stage of maturation the further differentiation is blocked, determines the type of leukaemia, and determines the immunophenotype of the LSC specific to the leukaemia type. No apparent LSC phenotype has been described in lymphoid leukaemia, and it is debated if a specific acute lymphocytic leukaemia-initiating cell is present, as all cells are capable of engraftment in a secondary mouse model. In chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, a B-cell clone is responsible for uncontrolled proliferation, not a specific LSC. In chronic and acute myeloid leukaemia, LSC is described as CD34+CD38− with the expression of a marker that is aberrantly expressed (LSC marker), such as CD45RA, CD123 or in the case of chronic myeloid leukaemia CD26. In acute myeloid leukaemia, the LSC load had prognostic relevance and might be a biomarker that can be used for monitoring and as an addition to measurable residual disease. However, challenges such as the CD34-negative immunophenotype need to be explored.

许多肿瘤都有一个分层结构,其顶端是一个可以维持、建立和重新繁殖肿瘤的细胞--癌症干细胞。造血干细胞(HSC)是所有功能性血细胞的创始细胞。与造血干细胞一样,白血病干细胞(LSC)也被假定为白血病启动细胞,具有自我更新、静止和耐细胞毒药物等干性特征。从免疫表型上看,CD34+CD38-通过增加系阴性和CD90+CD45RA-来定义造血干细胞。在成熟的哪个阶段进一步分化受阻,决定了白血病的类型,也决定了白血病类型所特有的造血干细胞免疫表型。淋巴细胞白血病中没有明显的淋巴细胞表型,是否存在特定的急性淋巴细胞白血病启动细胞还存在争议,因为所有细胞都能在继发性小鼠模型中进行移植。在慢性淋巴细胞白血病中,B 细胞克隆会导致不受控制的增殖,而不是特异性 LSC。在慢性和急性髓性白血病中,LSC 被描述为 CD34+CD38-,并表达一种异常表达的标记(LSC 标记),如 CD45RA、CD123 或慢性髓性白血病中的 CD26。在急性髓性白血病中,造血干细胞负荷与预后相关,可能是一种可用于监测和补充可测量残留疾病的生物标志物。不过,CD34阴性免疫表型等难题仍有待探索。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of artificial intelligence-assisted morphological analysis for platelet count estimation 评估人工智能辅助形态分析在血小板计数估算中的应用。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14345
Ping Guo, Chi Zhang, Dandan Liu, Ziyong Sun, Jun He, Jianbiao Wang

Introduction

This study aims to assess the performance of the platelet count estimation using artificial intelligence technology on the MC-80 digital morphology analyzer.

Methods

Digital morphology analyzer uses two different computational principles for platelet count estimation: based on PLT/RBC ratio (PLT-M1) and estimate factor (PLT-M2). 977 samples with various platelet counts (low, median, and high) were collected. Out of these, 271 samples were immunoassayed using CD61 and CD41 antibodies. The platelet counts obtained from the hematology analyzer (PLT-I and PLT-O), digital morphology analyzer (PLT-M1 and PLT-M2), and flow cytometry (PLT-IRM) were compared.

Results

There was no significant deviation observed before and after verification for both PLT-M1 and PLT-M2 across the analysis range (average bias: −0.845/−0.682, 95% limit of agreement (LOA): −28.675–26.985/−29.420–28.056). When platelet alarms appeared, PLT-M1/PLT-M2 showed the strongest correlation with PLT-IRM than PLT-I with PLT-IRM (r: 0.9814/0.9796 > 0.9601). The correlation between PLT-M1/PLT-M2 and PLT-IRM was strong for samples with interference, such as large platelets or RBC fragments, but relatively weak in small RBCs. The deviation between PLT-M1 and PLT-M2 is related to the number of RBCs. Compared with PLT-I, PLT-M1/PLT-M2 showed higher accuracy for platelet transfusion decisions, especially for samples with low-value PLT.

Conclusion

The novel platelet count estimation on the MC-80 digital morphology analyzer provides high accuracy, especially the reviewed result, which can effectively confirm suspicious platelet count.

导言本研究旨在评估 MC-80 数字形态分析仪使用人工智能技术估算血小板计数的性能:数字形态分析仪使用两种不同的计算原理估算血小板计数:基于 PLT/RBC 比率(PLT-M1)和估算因子(PLT-M2)。收集了 977 份不同血小板计数(低、中、高)的样本。其中 271 份样本使用 CD61 和 CD41 抗体进行了免疫测定。对血液分析仪(PLT-I 和 PLT-O)、数字形态分析仪(PLT-M1 和 PLT-M2)和流式细胞仪(PLT-IRM)得出的血小板计数进行了比较:在整个分析范围内,PLT-M1 和 PLT-M2 在验证前后均未观察到明显偏差(平均偏差:-0.845/-0.682,95% 一致度(LOA):-28.675-26.985/-29.420-28.056)。当血小板警报出现时,PLT-M1/PLT-M2 与 PLT-IRM 的相关性比 PLT-I 与 PLT-IRM 的相关性强(r:0.9814/0.9796 > 0.9601)。对于大血小板或红细胞碎片等干扰样本,PLT-M1/PLT-M2 与 PLT-IRM 的相关性很强,但对于小红细胞,相关性相对较弱。PLT-M1 和 PLT-M2 之间的偏差与红细胞数量有关。与 PLT-I 相比,PLT-M1/PLT-M2 对血小板输注决策的准确性更高,尤其是对低值 PLT 样本:结论:在 MC-80 数字形态分析仪上进行的新型血小板计数估算具有很高的准确性,尤其是复核结果,可有效确认可疑血小板计数。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of emicizumab on activated clotting time performed on i-STAT Alinity analyzer 埃米珠单抗对 i-STAT Alinity 分析仪测定的活化凝血时间的影响。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14343
Landry Seyve, Jean Baptiste Prigent, Caroline Lo Presti, Damien Bédague, Gautier Szymanski, Bénédicte Bulabois, Claire Barro, Raphaël Marlu
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引用次数: 0
Utilization of international normalized ratio-derived formula to predict plasma rivaroxaban level—Validation study and real-world experience 利用国际正常化比率公式预测血浆利伐沙班水平--验证研究和实际经验。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14347
Chun-fun Sin, Ka-ping Wong, Chun Wah Siu, Tsz-fu Wong, Hoi-man Wong

Introduction

Specific assays of plasma rivaroxaban level are not always readily available with short turnaround time, which hamper the management of urgent clinical situations. In this study, we aimed to build a predictive formula of plasma rivaroxaban levels from international normalized ratio (INR) value and validated in real world clinical situations.

Methods

Ninety-four patients who were taking rivaroxaban participated in the study. Patients were randomized into testing cohort and validation cohorts. The prediction formula was built from the testing cohort and then validated in validation cohort. The predictive performance was further validated on real-world clinical requests.

Results

The root mean square error (RMSE) of the predictive formula for the testing and validation cohorts were 61.81 and 69.32 ng/mL, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the formula to predict the threshold plasma rivaroxaban level of 75 ng/mL were 95% (95% CI: 85.4%–100%) and 87.5% (95% CI: 71.3%–100%), respectively, in real-world clinical situations.

Conclusion

Plasma rivaroxaban level of threshold level of 75 ng/mL can be calculated from prediction formula by INR value with satisfactory accuracy and it can be used to guide the decision for reversal.

简介:血浆利伐沙班水平的特异性检测方法并非总能在短时间内获得,这妨碍了对紧急临床情况的处理。本研究旨在根据国际正常化比值(INR)建立血浆利伐沙班水平的预测公式,并在实际临床情况中进行验证:94名服用利伐沙班的患者参与了研究。患者被随机分为测试组和验证组。根据测试组群建立预测公式,然后在验证组群中进行验证。在真实世界的临床要求中进一步验证了预测性能:结果:测试组和验证组预测公式的均方根误差(RMSE)分别为 61.81 和 69.32 纳克/毫升。在实际临床情况下,该公式预测血浆利伐沙班阈值水平为75纳克/毫升的灵敏度和特异度分别为95%(95% CI:85.4%-100%)和87.5%(95% CI:71.3%-100%):结论:血浆利伐沙班水平的阈值为75纳克/毫升,可以通过INR值的预测公式计算出,准确性令人满意,可用于指导逆转的决策。
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引用次数: 0
The ratio of bone marrow myeloid progenitor cell proportion to mature lymphocytes proportion can effectively differentiate aplastic anemia and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome and evaluate the quality of bone marrow aspirates 骨髓髓系祖细胞与成熟淋巴细胞的比例可有效区分再生障碍性贫血和骨髓增生异常综合征,并评估骨髓穿刺的质量。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14346
Zhen Li, Jian Zhang, Jingying Han, Qian Wang, Hui Sun, Zhifen Zhang, Tianpu Liu, Yena Che, Jing Wang, Jie Wang, Lulu Xu, Lu Pan, Li Li

Introduction

Aplastic anemia (AA) and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS-h) are bone marrow failure disease and difficult to distinguish merely by morphological analysis. In this study, we investigated the value of flow cytometry (FCM) in the differential diagnosis of AA and MDS-h.

Methods

We included 822 patients (626 control, 69 AA, 22 MDS-h and 105 dilution patients) from January 2017 to December 2022 for a retrospective study. Bone marrow myeloid progenitor (MP) cell and mature lymphocytes proportions were analyzed by FCM. The ratio of MP cell proportion and mature lymphocytes proportion, MPLR, was calculated. Data were compared by Kruskal–Wallis test. Differential diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Cutoff value was determined by the maximum Youden index.

Results

Bone marrow MP cell proportion and MPLR of MDS-h patients were higher than AA patients. Mature lymphocytes proportion of MDS-h patients was lower than AA patients. Area under ROC curve (AUC of ROC) of MP cell proportion, MPLR and mature lymphocytes proportion to distinguish AA from MDS-h were 0.992, 0.988, and 0.850, respectively. Moreover, MPLR of dilution patients was higher than AA patients but lower than MDS-h patients. The AUC of ROC curves of MPLR to distinguish MDS-h and AA from dilution were 0.854 and 0.871, respectively.

Conclusion

Bone marrow MP cell proportion and MPLR can effectively discriminate AA from MDS-h with similar differential efficacy, which is higher than mature lymphocytes proportion. Moreover, MPLR can evaluate the quality of bone marrow aspirates, which would interfere with the differential diagnosis.

导言:再生障碍性贫血(AA)和低增生性骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS-h)是骨髓衰竭性疾病,仅通过形态学分析难以区分。在这项研究中,我们探讨了流式细胞术(FCM)在 AA 和 MDS-h 鉴别诊断中的价值:我们纳入了2017年1月至2022年12月的822名患者(626名对照组患者、69名AA患者、22名MDS-h患者和105名稀释患者)进行回顾性研究。通过FCM分析骨髓髓系祖细胞(MP)和成熟淋巴细胞的比例。计算骨髓髓系祖细胞和成熟淋巴细胞的比例,即 MPLR。数据比较采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验。通过接收者操作特征曲线(ROC)评估鉴别诊断效果。根据最大尤登指数确定临界值:结果:MDS-h 患者的骨髓 MP 细胞比例和 MPLR 均高于 AA 患者。MDS-h患者的成熟淋巴细胞比例低于AA患者。MP细胞比例、MPLR和成熟淋巴细胞比例区分AA和MDS-h的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.992、0.988和0.850。此外,稀释患者的 MPLR 高于 AA 患者,但低于 MDS-h 患者。MPLR区分MDS-h和AA与稀释的ROC曲线的AUC分别为0.854和0.871:结论:骨髓MP细胞比例和MPLR能有效区分AA和MDS-h,其鉴别效力相似,均高于成熟淋巴细胞比例。此外,MPLR 还能评估骨髓穿刺的质量,这将干扰鉴别诊断。
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引用次数: 0
International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) recommendations for the performance and interpretation of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time mixing tests 国际血液学标准化理事会(ICSH)关于活化部分凝血活酶时间和凝血酶原时间混合试验的执行和解释的建议。
IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14344
D. M. Adcock, G. W. Moore, G. W. Kershaw, S. A. L. Montalvao, R. C. Gosselin

This guidance document has been prepared on behalf of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH). The aim of the document is to provide guidance and recommendations for the performance and interpretation of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) plasma mixing tests in clinical laboratories in all regions of the world. The following areas are included in this document: preanalytical, analytical, postanalytical, and quality assurance considerations as they relate to the proper performance and interpretation of plasma mixing tests. The recommendations are based on good laboratory practice, published data in peer-reviewed literature, and expert opinion.

本指导文件是代表国际血液学标准化理事会(ICSH)编写的。本文件旨在为世界各地区临床实验室进行活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)和凝血酶原时间(PT)血浆混合检测并对其进行解释提供指导和建议。本文件包括以下几个方面:分析前、分析中、分析后和质量保证方面的注意事项,因为它们关系到血浆混合检验的正确操作和判读。这些建议基于良好的实验室操作规范、同行评审文献中已发表的数据以及专家意见。
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International Journal of Laboratory Hematology
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