Cross-sectional study design was implemented in Alage dairy farm to determine the overall prevalence of mastitis, its causative agents, susceptibility patterns and risk factors associated with it. A total of 111 milking dairy cows and 444 quarters were examined. Overall prevalence of mastitis at cow and quarter levels were 73 and 37%, respectively. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (37.7%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.6%), Escherichia coli (9.4%), Staphylococcus intermidius (9.4%), Bacillus species (8%), Streptococcus species (5.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.8%), and Enterobacter aerogens (4.3%) were isolated in that order of decreasing frequency. From a total of seven antibiotics tested, most isolates were sensitive to Norfloxacin but showed resistance to Ampicillin. Age, stage of lactation, milk yield, hygiene score, feet problems and udder conformation were found to be risk factors significantly (P<0.05) associated with mastitis. The high prevalence rate of mastitis in a relatively well managed dairy farm implied that, it is the trickiest health problem of dairy cows that needs continued and concerted efforts in its fight. Key words: anti-biogram, mastitis, pathogens, prevalence, risk factors.
{"title":"Prevalence of bovine mastitis, risk factors, isolation and anti-bio gram of major pathogens in Mid Rift valley, Ethiopia","authors":"Melesse Etifu, Minyahil Tilahun","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2018.0517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0517","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-sectional study design was implemented in Alage dairy farm to determine the overall prevalence of mastitis, its causative agents, susceptibility patterns and risk factors associated with it. A total of 111 milking dairy cows and 444 quarters were examined. Overall prevalence of mastitis at cow and quarter levels were 73 and 37%, respectively. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (37.7%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.6%), Escherichia coli (9.4%), Staphylococcus intermidius (9.4%), Bacillus species (8%), Streptococcus species (5.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.8%), and Enterobacter aerogens (4.3%) were isolated in that order of decreasing frequency. From a total of seven antibiotics tested, most isolates were sensitive to Norfloxacin but showed resistance to Ampicillin. Age, stage of lactation, milk yield, hygiene score, feet problems and udder conformation were found to be risk factors significantly (P<0.05) associated with mastitis. The high prevalence rate of mastitis in a relatively well managed dairy farm implied that, it is the trickiest health problem of dairy cows that needs continued and concerted efforts in its fight. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: anti-biogram, mastitis, pathogens, prevalence, risk factors.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88367856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted in Gena Bossa district with the objective of assessing the productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens. Multistage stratified purposive and random sampling methods were used and a total of 138 households were interviewed in the study area. Fifteen, fifty four and sixty nine farmers selected for interviews from highland, midland and lowland agro-ecologies, respectively. From the interviewed farmers, 47, 47 and 44 farmers were poor, medium and rich wealth leveled, respectively. Farmers were categorized to their education level and 34, 34, 35 and 35 respondents were interviewed from illiterate, reading and writing, primary first and primary second cycle education level, respectively. Age at sexual maturity of pullets and cockerels were 5.64 and 5.25 months, respectively. The clutch number, eggs per clutch and total eggs/hen/year were 3.04, 12.78 and 38.53, respectively. In this survey, hatchability and survival rate of chicks were 81.72 and 38.85%, respectively. Sexual maturity, number of eggs per clutch and hatchability were significantly (p 0.05) different at different wealth levels of farmers. Generally, low productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens were recorded under farmer’s management condition in Gena Bossa District of Dawro Zone which needs further improvement from the government by organizing trainings for farmers on disease control, housing and feeding of chickens to improve productive and reproductive performance. Key words: Agro-ecology, education level, wealth status, productive and reproductive performance, Indigenous chickens, Gena Bossa.
{"title":"Productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens in Gena Bossa District of Dawro Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Matawork Milkias, M. Molla, S. Tilahun","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2018.0551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0551","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in Gena Bossa district with the objective of assessing the productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens. Multistage stratified purposive and random sampling methods were used and a total of 138 households were interviewed in the study area. Fifteen, fifty four and sixty nine farmers selected for interviews from highland, midland and lowland agro-ecologies, respectively. From the interviewed farmers, 47, 47 and 44 farmers were poor, medium and rich wealth leveled, respectively. Farmers were categorized to their education level and 34, 34, 35 and 35 respondents were interviewed from illiterate, reading and writing, primary first and primary second cycle education level, respectively. Age at sexual maturity of pullets and cockerels were 5.64 and 5.25 months, respectively. The clutch number, eggs per clutch and total eggs/hen/year were 3.04, 12.78 and 38.53, respectively. In this survey, hatchability and survival rate of chicks were 81.72 and 38.85%, respectively. Sexual maturity, number of eggs per clutch and hatchability were significantly (p 0.05) different at different wealth levels of farmers. Generally, low productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens were recorded under farmer’s management condition in Gena Bossa District of Dawro Zone which needs further improvement from the government by organizing trainings for farmers on disease control, housing and feeding of chickens to improve productive and reproductive performance. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Agro-ecology, education level, wealth status, productive and reproductive performance, Indigenous chickens, Gena Bossa.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74181120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In animal production, body weight is an important parameter for management, health and marketing decisions. This study is undertaken to determine the relationships between body weight and linear body measurements of guinea pigs. 120 guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females) were used. Body weight (BW), head-body length (HBL), chest circumference (CC), head circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC), left hind foot length (FL), and left ear length (EL) were the measured traits. The collected data were evaluated using multiple regression analysis. The obtained models of regression are : BW= - 397.374 + 10.817HBL + 16.440CC + 12.433NC - 19.039EL - 12.011FL + 12.458HC ; BW = - 560.601 + 4.531HBL + 21.649CC + 6.556NC -6.632EL – 2.086FL + 34.370HC ; BW = - 477.178 + 7.941HBL + 17.672CC + 8.758NC – 10.383EL – 1.951FL + 22.884HC, respectively for males, females and both sexes. In the regression model obtained for both sexes, the coefficients of HBL, CC and HC were significant (p < 0.01). The HC and CC coefficients for males and the CC and HC coefficients for females were also significant (p < 0.01). It was concluded that BW of guinea pigs was significantly influenced by CC, HBL, HC using multiple linear regression. Key words: Body weight, morphometric traits, equation, multiple regression, guinea pigs.
{"title":"Determination of body weight from morphometric characteristics of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) reared in southern Benin","authors":"Abossede Murielle Lucrece Faïhun, Alex Gbêliho Zoffoun, Vidjinnangni fifame Grace Nadege Dedehou, Mahulé Sylvie Hounzangbé-Adoté","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2018.0541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0541","url":null,"abstract":"In animal production, body weight is an important parameter for management, health and marketing decisions. This study is undertaken to determine the relationships between body weight and linear body measurements of guinea pigs. 120 guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females) were used. Body weight (BW), head-body length (HBL), chest circumference (CC), head circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC), left hind foot length (FL), and left ear length (EL) were the measured traits. The collected data were evaluated using multiple regression analysis. The obtained models of regression are : BW= - 397.374 + 10.817HBL + 16.440CC + 12.433NC - 19.039EL - 12.011FL + 12.458HC ; BW = - 560.601 + 4.531HBL + 21.649CC + 6.556NC -6.632EL – 2.086FL + 34.370HC ; BW = - 477.178 + 7.941HBL + 17.672CC + 8.758NC – 10.383EL – 1.951FL + 22.884HC, respectively for males, females and both sexes. In the regression model obtained for both sexes, the coefficients of HBL, CC and HC were significant (p < 0.01). The HC and CC coefficients for males and the CC and HC coefficients for females were also significant (p < 0.01). It was concluded that BW of guinea pigs was significantly influenced by CC, HBL, HC using multiple linear regression. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Body weight, morphometric traits, equation, multiple regression, guinea pigs.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79056155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Farmers perception on sheep production constraints in the communal grazing areas of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa","authors":"M. S., Nyangiwe N.","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2018.0500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2018.0500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91409834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) grain on growth performance of Cobb 500 broiler chickens","authors":"Nirayo Embaye Tsigab, A. Negassi, Yusuf Yisehak","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2017.0424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2017.0424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81609620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to determine the available beef and chicken edible offals and their prices in four major retail stores in Gaborone, Botswana. Traditionally, edible beef and chicken offal were available and sold in rural meat and informal markets around Gaborone, but recently upmarket retail stores of Gaborone sell these products. The study was done over a period of twelve months. Amongst the offals noted in the retail stores were ox tail, tongue, spleen, ox heel, kidneys, intestines, rumen, omasum, liver and ox heart for beef and feet, liver, gizzards, intestines, necks and kidneys for chicken. Offals were cheaper than the cheapest standard beef and chicken cuts being the chuck/brisket or stewing beef for beef and breast for chicken. Green beef offals were generally cheaper than red offals. The most expensive beef offal was ox tail at ~P60.00, and the cheapest offal was ox heel at ~P19.95 (USD1.00 ~ BWP11.00). For chicken, the gizzards were the most expensive at ~P49.45, with the necks being the cheapest at ~P26.59. Improved marketing and utilization of offals will reduce meat wastage. Meat processors will consequently generate more income, and assist with food security and nutrition at household level. Key words: Beef, chicken, edible offal products, pricing, retail chain stores.
{"title":"A critical audit on available beef and chicken edible offals and their prices in retail chain stores around Gaborone, Botswana","authors":"M. Mareko, Molefe Gosetsemang, Thabang Molale","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2018.0515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0515","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to determine the available beef and chicken edible offals and their prices in four major retail stores in Gaborone, Botswana. Traditionally, edible beef and chicken offal were available and sold in rural meat and informal markets around Gaborone, but recently upmarket retail stores of Gaborone sell these products. The study was done over a period of twelve months. Amongst the offals noted in the retail stores were ox tail, tongue, spleen, ox heel, kidneys, intestines, rumen, omasum, liver and ox heart for beef and feet, liver, gizzards, intestines, necks and kidneys for chicken. Offals were cheaper than the cheapest standard beef and chicken cuts being the chuck/brisket or stewing beef for beef and breast for chicken. Green beef offals were generally cheaper than red offals. The most expensive beef offal was ox tail at ~P60.00, and the cheapest offal was ox heel at ~P19.95 (USD1.00 ~ BWP11.00). For chicken, the gizzards were the most expensive at ~P49.45, with the necks being the cheapest at ~P26.59. Improved marketing and utilization of offals will reduce meat wastage. Meat processors will consequently generate more income, and assist with food security and nutrition at household level. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Beef, chicken, edible offal products, pricing, retail chain stores.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86078960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tochukwu E. Ejioffor, A. Mgbeahuruike, Emanuela I. Nwoko, O. Okoroafor, C. Aronu, N. Chukwuemeka, Adiong A. Felix, Adong F. Atawal, Onwumere O. S. Idolor
Aflatoxigenic fungi common to poultry feeds from Nigerian feed mills were investigated and their effects on broiler production were determined. Sixty two weeks old Abor-acre broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups. Each treatment group had 3 replicates of 4 birds each. Birds in each treatment group were fed feed from one of five companies. Feed intake and body weights were determined. Blood samples were analyzed for hematological parameters. Feeds were analyzed for aflatoxin concentration using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Aflatoxigenic fungi were identified by sequencing of the fungal ITS region. The major fungal contaminants identified in most of the feed samples were Aspergillus and Rhizopus species. Total aflatoxin content (AFB1+AFB2+AFG1 +AFG2) of the feeds ranged from <0.8 to 370±120 µg/kg. Feeds from three companies had aflatoxin concentrations above the European Community Regulatory Limits (ECRL, 20 μg/kg). Aflatoxin level was positively related to packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglogin (Hb), although the relationship was not statistically significant. PCV and Hb were positively related. A negatively significant relationship was observed between the aflatoxin levels and WBC of the birds, feed intake and reduced body weight possibly because of the high aflatoxin concentrations in the feeds. The study has highlighted the effects of long storage time and poor processing of feed on intake and broiler performance. Key words: Aflatoxin, broilers, feed, hematology, fungi.
{"title":"Aflatoxigenic fungi in Nigerian poultry feeds: Effects on broiler performance","authors":"Tochukwu E. Ejioffor, A. Mgbeahuruike, Emanuela I. Nwoko, O. Okoroafor, C. Aronu, N. Chukwuemeka, Adiong A. Felix, Adong F. Atawal, Onwumere O. S. Idolor","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2018.0458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0458","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxigenic fungi common to poultry feeds from Nigerian feed mills were investigated and their effects on broiler production were determined. Sixty two weeks old Abor-acre broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups. Each treatment group had 3 replicates of 4 birds each. Birds in each treatment group were fed feed from one of five companies. Feed intake and body weights were determined. Blood samples were analyzed for hematological parameters. Feeds were analyzed for aflatoxin concentration using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Aflatoxigenic fungi were identified by sequencing of the fungal ITS region. The major fungal contaminants identified in most of the feed samples were Aspergillus and Rhizopus species. Total aflatoxin content (AFB1+AFB2+AFG1 +AFG2) of the feeds ranged from <0.8 to 370±120 µg/kg. Feeds from three companies had aflatoxin concentrations above the European Community Regulatory Limits (ECRL, 20 μg/kg). Aflatoxin level was positively related to packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglogin (Hb), although the relationship was not statistically significant. PCV and Hb were positively related. A negatively significant relationship was observed between the aflatoxin levels and WBC of the birds, feed intake and reduced body weight possibly because of the high aflatoxin concentrations in the feeds. The study has highlighted the effects of long storage time and poor processing of feed on intake and broiler performance. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Aflatoxin, broilers, feed, hematology, fungi.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82900074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment on consumption and marketing system of chickens in Gena Bossa district, south Ethiopia","authors":"Milkias Matawork","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2018.0450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2018.0450","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87093971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exotic chicken breeds were promoted and disseminated in the rural and peri-urban parts of Ethiopia, to improve the productivity of the poultry to increase the income of farmers. The study was conducted to explore the factors affecting adoption of exotic chicken breed in Tselemti and Tahtay Koraro districts of North Western zone of Tigray region, Ethiopia. A multi-stage random sampling technique was followed to select 264 respondents from the six randomly selected Kebelles of the two districts. Primary data were collected using semi-structured interview questionnaire from the respondents. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used for analyzing the collected quantitative data. The results of the logit model indicates that family size, sex of the household head, education status of the household head, livestock holding size, extension contact, availability of exotic chicken breed, distance to the nearest market and availability of training on poultry production could play a significant role on the probability of exotic poultry breed adoption. Thus, the dissemination of different exotic chicken breeds needs to be supported with giving training to the farmers before intervention of the technology, extension backup on how to manage and awareness creation on the benefits of exotic chicken breed and giving focus in delivering and making available the chicks of exotic poultry breeds to the farmers. Key words: Adoption, exotic poultry breed, factors, binary logit model.
{"title":"Assessment of factors affecting adoption of exotic chicken breed production in North Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia","authors":"T. Abadi, M. Gezahegn, A. Teklehaimanot","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2017.0392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2017.0392","url":null,"abstract":"Exotic chicken breeds were promoted and disseminated in the rural and peri-urban parts of Ethiopia, to improve the productivity of the poultry to increase the income of farmers. The study was conducted to explore the factors affecting adoption of exotic chicken breed in Tselemti and Tahtay Koraro districts of North Western zone of Tigray region, Ethiopia. A multi-stage random sampling technique was followed to select 264 respondents from the six randomly selected Kebelles of the two districts. Primary data were collected using semi-structured interview questionnaire from the respondents. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used for analyzing the collected quantitative data. The results of the logit model indicates that family size, sex of the household head, education status of the household head, livestock holding size, extension contact, availability of exotic chicken breed, distance to the nearest market and availability of training on poultry production could play a significant role on the probability of exotic poultry breed adoption. Thus, the dissemination of different exotic chicken breeds needs to be supported with giving training to the farmers before intervention of the technology, extension backup on how to manage and awareness creation on the benefits of exotic chicken breed and giving focus in delivering and making available the chicks of exotic poultry breeds to the farmers. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Adoption, exotic poultry breed, factors, binary logit model.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87446687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to determine pathological conditions across two seasons, leading to condemnations of beef edible red offals in Kgatleng District, Botswana. Offals are valued in communities of Botswana. Data from slaughter facilities was evaluated for dry/winter and wet/summer seasons. Financial losses were also determined. 7405 cattle were processed in the two seasons, with 4005 cattle slaughtered in the dry season and 3400 in the wet season. Of the slaughtered cattle, 55.2% (2209) of the dry season and 45% (1531) of the wet seasonhad some forms of pathological conditions that led to condemnations of the offals. Lungs were highly condemned at 26.2% in the wet season and 32.7% during the dry season, followed by livers at 16.2 and 18.4% in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Emphysema led to a condemnation rate of lungs at 20% and 17% for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. The least condemned offals were the spleen at 2.3% (wet season) and 2.1% (dry season), followed by the kidneys at 0.3% (wet season) and 2% (dry season). Financially, the dry season losses were relatively higher at BWP62 950.55 compared to the wet season at BWP43 863.95. Management strategies should be put in place to avail offals to consumers. Key words: Beef, edible red offals, pathological conditions, wet and dry seasons.
{"title":"Beef edible red offal condemnations in Kgatleng Slaughter Facilities, South eastern Botswana in a wet and dry season period","authors":"M. Mareko, Elly Masitha, Baetsi Lesly Raditshane","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2018.0499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0499","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine pathological conditions across two seasons, leading to condemnations of beef edible red offals in Kgatleng District, Botswana. Offals are valued in communities of Botswana. Data from slaughter facilities was evaluated for dry/winter and wet/summer seasons. Financial losses were also determined. 7405 cattle were processed in the two seasons, with 4005 cattle slaughtered in the dry season and 3400 in the wet season. Of the slaughtered cattle, 55.2% (2209) of the dry season and 45% (1531) of the wet seasonhad some forms of pathological conditions that led to condemnations of the offals. Lungs were highly condemned at 26.2% in the wet season and 32.7% during the dry season, followed by livers at 16.2 and 18.4% in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Emphysema led to a condemnation rate of lungs at 20% and 17% for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. The least condemned offals were the spleen at 2.3% (wet season) and 2.1% (dry season), followed by the kidneys at 0.3% (wet season) and 2% (dry season). Financially, the dry season losses were relatively higher at BWP62 950.55 compared to the wet season at BWP43 863.95. Management strategies should be put in place to avail offals to consumers. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Beef, edible red offals, pathological conditions, wet and dry seasons.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90949717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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