Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0023
Simon Peter Rugerinyange, Mukadasi Buyinza
Marketing channel choice is among the most complex and challenging decisions facing farmers. This study therefore evaluate the impact of marketing information available to coffee farmers and traders in Bukomansimbi district of Uganda. The specific objective was to identify the methods through which coffee farmer’s access market information and to determine the challenges they face in an effort to access market information. A cross-sectional research design was employed to collect data from 48 smallholder coffee farmers using semi-structured questionnaire, participatory group discussions and key informants interviews. Using a purposive and stratified simple random sampling procedure, 48 respondents comprising of coffee farmers and traders were selected and interviewed. The study results revealed that Coffee farmers don't access information on some of the opportunities and programmes that could enable them to improve the production process and hence access better markets. When farmers market their coffee through cooperatives, they gain more because there will be no middlemen involved in the value chain. Through Co-operatives, it is also easy to ensure product quality besides accessing good markets that pay premium prices for the coffee. It was discovered that 35% of the cooperatives in the study district produce speciality Arabica coffee and fine Robusta coffee, which fetch premium prices on the global market. The study also established that farmers use word of mouth from other farmers and traders as source of their information. The policy recommendation is that Coffee farmers should conduct market assessment and research to get update information about the market dynamics and current price changes. The ideal extension model should be farmer centered with necessary linkages to markets, researchers, subject matter specialists, inputs providers, credit facilities, and other support services. An appropriate extension system should focus on farmer groups rather than individuals with an emphasis on group extension methods. Thus a sustainable extension model which is farmer-owned with a strong market focus should be promoted. The Uganda Coffee Development Authority should conduct training programmes to equip farmers with the skills and knowledge on how to ensure quality along the coffee value chain as well as on coffee marketing.
{"title":"Effects of marketing information on coffee farmers and trader’s performance in Kibinge sub county, Bukomasimbi district of Central Uganda","authors":"Simon Peter Rugerinyange, Mukadasi Buyinza","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Marketing channel choice is among the most complex and challenging decisions facing farmers. This study therefore evaluate the impact of marketing information available to coffee farmers and traders in Bukomansimbi district of Uganda. The specific objective was to identify the methods through which coffee farmer’s access market information and to determine the challenges they face in an effort to access market information. A cross-sectional research design was employed to collect data from 48 smallholder coffee farmers using semi-structured questionnaire, participatory group discussions and key informants interviews. Using a purposive and stratified simple random sampling procedure, 48 respondents comprising of coffee farmers and traders were selected and interviewed. The study results revealed that Coffee farmers don't access information on some of the opportunities and programmes that could enable them to improve the production process and hence access better markets. When farmers market their coffee through cooperatives, they gain more because there will be no middlemen involved in the value chain. Through Co-operatives, it is also easy to ensure product quality besides accessing good markets that pay premium prices for the coffee. It was discovered that 35% of the cooperatives in the study district produce speciality Arabica coffee and fine Robusta coffee, which fetch premium prices on the global market. The study also established that farmers use word of mouth from other farmers and traders as source of their information. The policy recommendation is that Coffee farmers should conduct market assessment and research to get update information about the market dynamics and current price changes. The ideal extension model should be farmer centered with necessary linkages to markets, researchers, subject matter specialists, inputs providers, credit facilities, and other support services. An appropriate extension system should focus on farmer groups rather than individuals with an emphasis on group extension methods. Thus a sustainable extension model which is farmer-owned with a strong market focus should be promoted. The Uganda Coffee Development Authority should conduct training programmes to equip farmers with the skills and knowledge on how to ensure quality along the coffee value chain as well as on coffee marketing.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87026515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0028
Babatunde Gabriel Olorunnado, Felix Enemaku Ojade
Maize and guinea corn being one of the most important staple in Nigeria were evaluated for their mycotoxins contents., 20 samples of maize and 20 sample of guinea corn ( 10 samples collected from the markets and 10 samples collected from the ware house) were obtained from three different senatorial zone of Kogi State. A total of 30 samples of maize and 30 samples of guinea corn collected from the three zones of Kogi state were analyzed for the presence of Aflatoxin B1, AflatoxinB2, Fumonisin, Ochratoxin A, and Zearalenone. The result revealed the presence of the studied mycotoxins in 67 % of all the 60 samples. The results also revealed the presence of mycotoxins in 80 % of the 15 maize samples picked from the market and 73 % of the 15 maize samples picked from the ware house in the three senatorial zone. Also the percentage composition of all the mycotoxins present in the 30 samples of guinea corn was 67% of the 15 samples picked from the markets and 47% of the 15 samples picked from the ware house respectively. Among all the studied mycotoxins, only fumonisin have its concentration above the recommended limit approved by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives of the WHO and FAO (JECFA). The concentration of the remaining mycotoxins under study is nothing to be worried about but, adequate measure should be taken to checkmate the conditions that expose the food crops to the growth of fungi.
{"title":"An overview of public health implications of mycotoxins contamination of maize and guinea corn from markets in Kogi State, Nigeria","authors":"Babatunde Gabriel Olorunnado, Felix Enemaku Ojade","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Maize and guinea corn being one of the most important staple in Nigeria were evaluated for their mycotoxins contents., 20 samples of maize and 20 sample of guinea corn ( 10 samples collected from the markets and 10 samples collected from the ware house) were obtained from three different senatorial zone of Kogi State. A total of 30 samples of maize and 30 samples of guinea corn collected from the three zones of Kogi state were analyzed for the presence of Aflatoxin B1, AflatoxinB2, Fumonisin, Ochratoxin A, and Zearalenone. The result revealed the presence of the studied mycotoxins in 67 % of all the 60 samples. The results also revealed the presence of mycotoxins in 80 % of the 15 maize samples picked from the market and 73 % of the 15 maize samples picked from the ware house in the three senatorial zone. Also the percentage composition of all the mycotoxins present in the 30 samples of guinea corn was 67% of the 15 samples picked from the markets and 47% of the 15 samples picked from the ware house respectively. Among all the studied mycotoxins, only fumonisin have its concentration above the recommended limit approved by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives of the WHO and FAO (JECFA). The concentration of the remaining mycotoxins under study is nothing to be worried about but, adequate measure should be taken to checkmate the conditions that expose the food crops to the growth of fungi.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88529129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0033
Christine Wulandari, Nanda Kurniasari, Wulan Ayu Lestari, Arif Ilmayawan, Hari Kaskoyo, Samsul Bakri
This study aims to determine the functional status of the area and the management effectiveness of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). The effectiveness of conservation area management is needed to determine success in managing conservation areas, especially those related to achieving management goals. The method used in this research is a literature study conducted in August-September 2022. Analysis of the management effectiveness of the BBSNP uses the METT (Management Effectiveness Tracking Tools) method which has been carried out by the BBSNP Center. The results showed that the level of effectiveness of BBSNP in the 2015-2019 strategic planning period was 77%. This achievement exceeded the Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation Strategic Plan target for that period because the minimum index value was 70%. The status of BBSNP that year was Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra. So it is very possible that there is an intensive management strategy to maintain this status. The role of leadership and management support from all parties is needed to always maintain management effectiveness and optimize the area's functions according to the vision, mission and management objectives.
{"title":"Status function and effectiveness of management of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park–Indonesia","authors":"Christine Wulandari, Nanda Kurniasari, Wulan Ayu Lestari, Arif Ilmayawan, Hari Kaskoyo, Samsul Bakri","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0033","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the functional status of the area and the management effectiveness of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). The effectiveness of conservation area management is needed to determine success in managing conservation areas, especially those related to achieving management goals. The method used in this research is a literature study conducted in August-September 2022. Analysis of the management effectiveness of the BBSNP uses the METT (Management Effectiveness Tracking Tools) method which has been carried out by the BBSNP Center. The results showed that the level of effectiveness of BBSNP in the 2015-2019 strategic planning period was 77%. This achievement exceeded the Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation Strategic Plan target for that period because the minimum index value was 70%. The status of BBSNP that year was Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra. So it is very possible that there is an intensive management strategy to maintain this status. The role of leadership and management support from all parties is needed to always maintain management effectiveness and optimize the area's functions according to the vision, mission and management objectives.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85061488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organic fertilizers are very useful for increasing the nutrient content needed by plants, increasing plant productivity, stimulating the growth of plant organs and fertilizing the soil. This study aims to determine the increase in the quality of bacteria and production of rice plants (Oryza sativa). The research was carried out in paddy fields belonging to the Agriculture Service of Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, from September to December 2022. The researchusing Completely Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments 3 replications. The plant used is rice Cakrabuana variety.Plant spacing using the Jajar Legowo system 4: 1 with a spacing of 15 cm x 22 cm and a row width of 40 cm Legowo.The plot size used is (10 x 5) m. The bacterial population was calculated using the SANICHECK kid bacterial test. The dose of Granul organic fertilizer that uses 10 tons and 20 tons/hectare. The research results show thatGranule organic fertilizer 20 tons/hectare can improve the quality of bacteria from 10.13 to 10.17 cfu/ml compared to other treatments. Granular organic fertilizer 20 tons/hectareand recommended NPK is the best treatment that can increase the production of harvested dry grain by 7.4 tons/hectare and dry milled grain by 4.24 tons/hectare.
{"title":"Organic fertilizer application to improve bacterial quality and rice production","authors":"Zulzain Ilahude, Hayatiningsih Gubali, Mohamad Lihawa, Mohamad Ikbal Bahua","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Organic fertilizers are very useful for increasing the nutrient content needed by plants, increasing plant productivity, stimulating the growth of plant organs and fertilizing the soil. This study aims to determine the increase in the quality of bacteria and production of rice plants (Oryza sativa). The research was carried out in paddy fields belonging to the Agriculture Service of Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, from September to December 2022. The researchusing Completely Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments 3 replications. The plant used is rice Cakrabuana variety.Plant spacing using the Jajar Legowo system 4: 1 with a spacing of 15 cm x 22 cm and a row width of 40 cm Legowo.The plot size used is (10 x 5) m. The bacterial population was calculated using the SANICHECK kid bacterial test. The dose of Granul organic fertilizer that uses 10 tons and 20 tons/hectare. The research results show thatGranule organic fertilizer 20 tons/hectare can improve the quality of bacteria from 10.13 to 10.17 cfu/ml compared to other treatments. Granular organic fertilizer 20 tons/hectareand recommended NPK is the best treatment that can increase the production of harvested dry grain by 7.4 tons/hectare and dry milled grain by 4.24 tons/hectare.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90949504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-malarial drug resistance is one of the biggest public health burdens confronting global malaria control programmes. The emergence of P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter and multi-drug resistance mutant genes had devastating effects on the therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine when it was the drug of choice for malaria treatment. The artemisinins have proven to be an excellent therapeutic alternative to fill the void in chemotherapeutic options left by resistance mechanisms. The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase ortholog of P. falciparum (PfATPase-6) has been suggested as one of the targets of the artemisinins. Consequently, Pfatpase-6 gene polymorphisms are being investigated as markers of artemisinin resistance elsewhere. The present study assessed the molecular profile of the current prevalence of four P. falciparum candidate artemisinin resistance biomarkers L263E, E431K, A623E, and S769N in the Pfatpase-6 gene in 113 samples of P. falciparum isolates collected from Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria between 2017 and 2018. The frequency of occurrence of E431K mutation was 17% from collected samples. No A623E, L263E and S769N were detected. The result suggests that resistance to artemisinin has either not yet been selected in Nigeria or other genes mutations might be responsible for such, if at all
{"title":"Molecular profile of Pfatpase-6 gene from Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Nigeria","authors":"Deborah Adedire, Chiamaka Iwegbulam, Roland Funwei, Temitope Owoeye, Zainab Kashim-Bello, Adeola Orogade, Catherine Falade, Oyekanmi Nash","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0153","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-malarial drug resistance is one of the biggest public health burdens confronting global malaria control programmes. The emergence of P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter and multi-drug resistance mutant genes had devastating effects on the therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine when it was the drug of choice for malaria treatment. The artemisinins have proven to be an excellent therapeutic alternative to fill the void in chemotherapeutic options left by resistance mechanisms. The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase ortholog of P. falciparum (PfATPase-6) has been suggested as one of the targets of the artemisinins. Consequently, Pfatpase-6 gene polymorphisms are being investigated as markers of artemisinin resistance elsewhere. The present study assessed the molecular profile of the current prevalence of four P. falciparum candidate artemisinin resistance biomarkers L263E, E431K, A623E, and S769N in the Pfatpase-6 gene in 113 samples of P. falciparum isolates collected from Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria between 2017 and 2018. The frequency of occurrence of E431K mutation was 17% from collected samples. No A623E, L263E and S769N were detected. The result suggests that resistance to artemisinin has either not yet been selected in Nigeria or other genes mutations might be responsible for such, if at all","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73382357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0016
Tamara Francislaine Santana, Odair José Garcia de Almeida, Luiz Antonio de Souza
Aspects of the pollination biology and floral characteristics of Solanum caavurana Vell. Were investigated in a semidecidual seasonal forest fragment in Paraná, Brazil. Anthesis was diurnal and the Pseudaugochlora bees have visited the flowers with more frequency than other species. Sepals and petals had homogeneous parenchymatous mesophyll. The young anther wall was composed of epidermis, two or three layers of endothecium, two middle layers and secretory tapetum. Anthers were poricidal and there was no functional longitudinal stomium. Ovary structure was simple and there was compitum with septum split. Ovules were hemicampylotropous, unitegmic and tenuinucellate with hypostase. The flower of S. caavurana followed the Solanum pattern described in the literature, and the pollination should be made by bees.
{"title":"The flower structure of Solanum caavurana Vell. (Solanaceae) and aspects of the pollination biology","authors":"Tamara Francislaine Santana, Odair José Garcia de Almeida, Luiz Antonio de Souza","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Aspects of the pollination biology and floral characteristics of Solanum caavurana Vell. Were investigated in a semidecidual seasonal forest fragment in Paraná, Brazil. Anthesis was diurnal and the Pseudaugochlora bees have visited the flowers with more frequency than other species. Sepals and petals had homogeneous parenchymatous mesophyll. The young anther wall was composed of epidermis, two or three layers of endothecium, two middle layers and secretory tapetum. Anthers were poricidal and there was no functional longitudinal stomium. Ovary structure was simple and there was compitum with septum split. Ovules were hemicampylotropous, unitegmic and tenuinucellate with hypostase. The flower of S. caavurana followed the Solanum pattern described in the literature, and the pollination should be made by bees.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83114797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0018
Abun Abun, Erna Siti Khodijah, Kiki Haetami
Background: The research was carried out in the Poultry Cage of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang. The research objective was to determine the effect and obtain the appropriate level of use of jengkol peel extract in a ration that produces an optimal balance of protein efficiency in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: The study used 100 one-day-old broiler chickens (DOC) of the Cobb strain which were placed in 20 cage units for five weeks. The study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 ration treatments, namely R0 (basal ration without jengkol peel extract), and rations with the addition of jengkol peel extract, namely R1 (0.01%), R2 (0.02%), and R3 (0.03%), each treatment was repeated five times. The variables observed were body weight gain, protein consumption, and protein efficiency balance. Data were analyzed using variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Results: The results of the statistical analysis, of the balance protein efficiency (BPE) for broiler chickens, found that between treatments there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in BPE. However, was a significantly different (P<0.05) in body weight gain. The addition of jengkol peel extract (JPE) to the ration resulted in a chicken body weight gain that was as great as the ration treatment without JPE (R0), except the ration with the addition of 0.02% JPE (R2) resulted in a significantly higher broiler body weight gain than the treatment other. This is because the content of the active compound JPE is at the right dose so that it can function optimally. Conclusions: The use of jengkol peel extract in rations influences body weight gain, but does not affect protein consumption and protein efficiency balance. The use of jengkol peel extract at a level of 0.02% resulted in an optimal balance of protein efficiency in broiler chickens.
{"title":"Balanced protein efficiency of broiler chickens given rations containing Jengkol peel extract (Pithecellobium jiringa (Jack) Prain)","authors":"Abun Abun, Erna Siti Khodijah, Kiki Haetami","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The research was carried out in the Poultry Cage of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang. The research objective was to determine the effect and obtain the appropriate level of use of jengkol peel extract in a ration that produces an optimal balance of protein efficiency in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: The study used 100 one-day-old broiler chickens (DOC) of the Cobb strain which were placed in 20 cage units for five weeks. The study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 ration treatments, namely R0 (basal ration without jengkol peel extract), and rations with the addition of jengkol peel extract, namely R1 (0.01%), R2 (0.02%), and R3 (0.03%), each treatment was repeated five times. The variables observed were body weight gain, protein consumption, and protein efficiency balance. Data were analyzed using variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Results: The results of the statistical analysis, of the balance protein efficiency (BPE) for broiler chickens, found that between treatments there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in BPE. However, was a significantly different (P<0.05) in body weight gain. The addition of jengkol peel extract (JPE) to the ration resulted in a chicken body weight gain that was as great as the ration treatment without JPE (R0), except the ration with the addition of 0.02% JPE (R2) resulted in a significantly higher broiler body weight gain than the treatment other. This is because the content of the active compound JPE is at the right dose so that it can function optimally. Conclusions: The use of jengkol peel extract in rations influences body weight gain, but does not affect protein consumption and protein efficiency balance. The use of jengkol peel extract at a level of 0.02% resulted in an optimal balance of protein efficiency in broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85798123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0019
S Kouara, K Lemhouer, J Elamouri, M Mahmoud, G Yahyaoui
A nosocomial pneumonia is a pulmonary infection occurring in a patient after 48 hours of care in a health care facility, it is an infection that is serious because it is often due to multi-resistant germs called multi-resistant bacteria. The objective of our study is to analyze the bacterial ecology of nosocomial pneumopathies in intensive care units and their evolution between January 1st 2021 and December 31st 2021. We conducted a monocentric retrospective study in the microbiology laboratory of the CHU HASSAN II of Fez. We analyzed all the respiratory microbiological diagnostic samples taken during this period (identified germ, sensitivity profile), and collected the demographic characteristics of the associated population. Out of 192 respiratory samples received, 106 were multidrug resistant bacteria (52.6%). The proportions of the different bacterial classes (BGN / CG+) have remained stable over the last 4 years with a predominance of Acinetobacter baumanii with 93%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.7%) and Escherichia coli (2.83%)..Bacteria of clinical interest showed increasingly worrying levels of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, with the exception of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which remained stable between 2018 and 2021.This work is part of a process of improving antibiotic prescribing practices and analyzing the impact of changes in antibiotic therapy protocols on the ecology of the service.
{"title":"Nosocomial pneumonia with multi-resistant bacteria in the intensive care units","authors":"S Kouara, K Lemhouer, J Elamouri, M Mahmoud, G Yahyaoui","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0019","url":null,"abstract":"A nosocomial pneumonia is a pulmonary infection occurring in a patient after 48 hours of care in a health care facility, it is an infection that is serious because it is often due to multi-resistant germs called multi-resistant bacteria. The objective of our study is to analyze the bacterial ecology of nosocomial pneumopathies in intensive care units and their evolution between January 1st 2021 and December 31st 2021. We conducted a monocentric retrospective study in the microbiology laboratory of the CHU HASSAN II of Fez. We analyzed all the respiratory microbiological diagnostic samples taken during this period (identified germ, sensitivity profile), and collected the demographic characteristics of the associated population. Out of 192 respiratory samples received, 106 were multidrug resistant bacteria (52.6%). The proportions of the different bacterial classes (BGN / CG+) have remained stable over the last 4 years with a predominance of Acinetobacter baumanii with 93%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.7%) and Escherichia coli (2.83%)..Bacteria of clinical interest showed increasingly worrying levels of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, with the exception of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which remained stable between 2018 and 2021.This work is part of a process of improving antibiotic prescribing practices and analyzing the impact of changes in antibiotic therapy protocols on the ecology of the service.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84812988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0150
Dr. Sanjay Prasad Gupta, Manoj Kumar
Materials of built heritage are at risk of bio-deterioration caused by diverse populations of microorganisms living in biofilms. The microbial metabolites of these biofilms are responsible for the deterioration of the underlying substratum and may lead to physical weakening and discoloration of stone. Fungal ability in production of pigments and organic acids have crucial role in discoloration and degradation of different types of stone in cultural heritage objects. Additionally, stone objects may support novel communities of microorganism that are active in bio-deterioration process this investigation focused on mycological analyses of microbial biofilm from Mahadev temple, Bastar of Chhattisgarh state which is made of sand stone and which were heavily colonized by fungi. The eight fungal species on sand stone were isolated. Aspergillus sp. was common in stone structure. The identified micro fungi cause discoloration as well as mechanical exfoliation of building stone material that was analyzed through mechanical hyphae penetration and production of dark pigments and organic acids.
{"title":"Impact of fungi on historical monument with reference to Mahadev temple Bastar of Chhatisgarh","authors":"Dr. Sanjay Prasad Gupta, Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0150","url":null,"abstract":"Materials of built heritage are at risk of bio-deterioration caused by diverse populations of microorganisms living in biofilms. The microbial metabolites of these biofilms are responsible for the deterioration of the underlying substratum and may lead to physical weakening and discoloration of stone. Fungal ability in production of pigments and organic acids have crucial role in discoloration and degradation of different types of stone in cultural heritage objects. Additionally, stone objects may support novel communities of microorganism that are active in bio-deterioration process this investigation focused on mycological analyses of microbial biofilm from Mahadev temple, Bastar of Chhattisgarh state which is made of sand stone and which were heavily colonized by fungi. The eight fungal species on sand stone were isolated. Aspergillus sp. was common in stone structure. The identified micro fungi cause discoloration as well as mechanical exfoliation of building stone material that was analyzed through mechanical hyphae penetration and production of dark pigments and organic acids.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79135643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organic amendments in composts are found to be an effective solution for the sustenance of the agriculture system, especially in reducing greenhouse gases. The objective of this research was to develop a compost type made with organic/mineral amendments for environment friendly agriculture. This preliminary study reports the quality of the compost made with different organic/mineral amendments, the performance of different compost types with and without amendments, the potential of organic amendments in reducing greenhouse gas emissions for an environmentally friendly agriculture and the best type of co-compost. Food waste was co-composted with banana peels, egg shells, onion peels and papaya peels individually with a 1:1 ratio; and the quality of the mature compost was measured using the physicochemical parameters. Six seedlings of Capsicum annuum were planted in potting mixtures with a 1:1:1 ratio of co-compost, top soil and sand. The positive control experiment was done with food waste compost and the negative control was with no compost. The performance of the six treatments were evaluated by measuring the plant height, the number of leaves in a plant, number of buds, number of pods and the average weight of pods. CO2 emission of the six treatments were measured by absorbing it to calcium hydroxide. The results showed that the co-compost made with banana peels was the best amendment, with better physicochemical characteristics and performance in growth. None of the treatments gave a significant reduction on the emission of carbon dioxide.
{"title":"Efficacy of compost made of food wastes with organic amendments for a sustainable and environment friendly agricultural system","authors":"Wadenakonda Arachchige Shandini Ruwendra Fernando, Thamara Kalyani Weerasinghe","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Organic amendments in composts are found to be an effective solution for the sustenance of the agriculture system, especially in reducing greenhouse gases. The objective of this research was to develop a compost type made with organic/mineral amendments for environment friendly agriculture. This preliminary study reports the quality of the compost made with different organic/mineral amendments, the performance of different compost types with and without amendments, the potential of organic amendments in reducing greenhouse gas emissions for an environmentally friendly agriculture and the best type of co-compost. Food waste was co-composted with banana peels, egg shells, onion peels and papaya peels individually with a 1:1 ratio; and the quality of the mature compost was measured using the physicochemical parameters. Six seedlings of Capsicum annuum were planted in potting mixtures with a 1:1:1 ratio of co-compost, top soil and sand. The positive control experiment was done with food waste compost and the negative control was with no compost. The performance of the six treatments were evaluated by measuring the plant height, the number of leaves in a plant, number of buds, number of pods and the average weight of pods. CO2 emission of the six treatments were measured by absorbing it to calcium hydroxide. The results showed that the co-compost made with banana peels was the best amendment, with better physicochemical characteristics and performance in growth. None of the treatments gave a significant reduction on the emission of carbon dioxide.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79953960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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