Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0085
None Wafaa Kamal Taia, None Amany Mohamed Abd El-Maged
Cressa cretica L. is a monotypic species belongs to the plant family Convolvulaceae, tribe Cresseae. It is an erect, small, dwarf shrub, commonly grown in coastal areas and considered as an important medicinal plant with many therapeutic effects. Individuals of this species became restricted in specific areas in Egypt in became under threat of extinction. This study dealt with careful examination of the external and leaf internal structure beside pollen grain morphology. The study aims to understand the species morphological characteristics and protect it from localization and destruction processes. The results showed that the leaf macro- and micro-morphological characters are of the halophytic ones, with long unicellular hairs as well as T-shaped hairs and sunken stomata. The leaf internal structure has mesophyll differentiated into one layer palisade and spongy layers full of ca-oxalate crystals and salt glands distributed in the mesophyll. Pollen grains productivity was few and they are small, spheroidal to subprolate with tricolporate aperture and tectate perforate with supra-tectum granules. The results obtained show that Cressa cretica has external and internal halophytic structure in addition to few small pollen grains. Germination experiments needed to test the pollen productivity of this plant under non-saline habitats for its conservation.
{"title":"Systematic study in Cressa cretica L. (Convolvulaceae) species from Lake Qarun, El-Fayoum province, Egypt","authors":"None Wafaa Kamal Taia, None Amany Mohamed Abd El-Maged","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0085","url":null,"abstract":"Cressa cretica L. is a monotypic species belongs to the plant family Convolvulaceae, tribe Cresseae. It is an erect, small, dwarf shrub, commonly grown in coastal areas and considered as an important medicinal plant with many therapeutic effects. Individuals of this species became restricted in specific areas in Egypt in became under threat of extinction. This study dealt with careful examination of the external and leaf internal structure beside pollen grain morphology. The study aims to understand the species morphological characteristics and protect it from localization and destruction processes. The results showed that the leaf macro- and micro-morphological characters are of the halophytic ones, with long unicellular hairs as well as T-shaped hairs and sunken stomata. The leaf internal structure has mesophyll differentiated into one layer palisade and spongy layers full of ca-oxalate crystals and salt glands distributed in the mesophyll. Pollen grains productivity was few and they are small, spheroidal to subprolate with tricolporate aperture and tectate perforate with supra-tectum granules. The results obtained show that Cressa cretica has external and internal halophytic structure in addition to few small pollen grains. Germination experiments needed to test the pollen productivity of this plant under non-saline habitats for its conservation.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0081
Samuel Mwesige, Florence Tushabe, Thomas Okoth, Ivan Kasamba, David Areu
Maize and groundnuts are traditional nutrient-rich and high economic value foods grown in Uganda. However, these crops are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination which may result into aflatoxicosis related illnesses. Occurrence of flatoxins in the foods varies across food value chains, gender and agro-ecological zones of Uganda. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 80 maize and groundnut foodstuff from Masindi and Soroti agro-ecological districts respectively. We determined levels of total aflatoxins in maize and groundnut samples across food value chains, gender and agro-ecological zones. This was aimed at assessing safety and quality status of the foods in Uganda. Questionnaires were administered to obtain information on food handling practices. 500g of each food sample were obtained and analyzed for total aflatoxin levels using ELISA assay. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. In overall, 45% of maize and 30% of groundnut foods were contaminated with aflatoxins. Mean aflatoxin levels in foods from Eastern and Western agro-ecological zones were 0.052±0.036ppb and 0.045±0.033ppb respectively (p=0.124). Mean aflatoxin levels in groundnuts from both male and female respondents were coincidentally 0.052ppb. Whereas, the mean aflatoxin levels in maize from male and female respondents were 0.056±0.037ppb and 0.039±0.029ppb respectively. Across the food value chain, wholesaler groundnut foods contained the highest mean aflatoxin levels of 0.088ppb (p= 0.27). Growing high polyamine containing crops, routine testing of aflatoxin prone foods and sensitizing food value chain players are important aflatoxin control strategies.
{"title":"https://sciresjournals.com/ijlsra/content/levels-total-aflatoxins-maize-and-groundnuts-across-food-value-chains-gender-and-agro","authors":"Samuel Mwesige, Florence Tushabe, Thomas Okoth, Ivan Kasamba, David Areu","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0081","url":null,"abstract":"Maize and groundnuts are traditional nutrient-rich and high economic value foods grown in Uganda. However, these crops are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination which may result into aflatoxicosis related illnesses. Occurrence of flatoxins in the foods varies across food value chains, gender and agro-ecological zones of Uganda. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 80 maize and groundnut foodstuff from Masindi and Soroti agro-ecological districts respectively. We determined levels of total aflatoxins in maize and groundnut samples across food value chains, gender and agro-ecological zones. This was aimed at assessing safety and quality status of the foods in Uganda. Questionnaires were administered to obtain information on food handling practices. 500g of each food sample were obtained and analyzed for total aflatoxin levels using ELISA assay. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. In overall, 45% of maize and 30% of groundnut foods were contaminated with aflatoxins. Mean aflatoxin levels in foods from Eastern and Western agro-ecological zones were 0.052±0.036ppb and 0.045±0.033ppb respectively (p=0.124). Mean aflatoxin levels in groundnuts from both male and female respondents were coincidentally 0.052ppb. Whereas, the mean aflatoxin levels in maize from male and female respondents were 0.056±0.037ppb and 0.039±0.029ppb respectively. Across the food value chain, wholesaler groundnut foods contained the highest mean aflatoxin levels of 0.088ppb (p= 0.27). Growing high polyamine containing crops, routine testing of aflatoxin prone foods and sensitizing food value chain players are important aflatoxin control strategies.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87486975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0071
I. Hameed, Sahar Sajjad Saad Zghair, Sarhan Thajeel
Microbial secondary metabolites are low molecular mass products with unusual structures. The structurally diverse metabolites show a variety of biological activities like antimicrobial agents. Thirty nine bioactive compounds were identified in the methanolic extract of Klebsiella pneumoniae. GC-MS analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae revealed the existence of the Tricyclo[4.3.1.1(3.8)]undecan-1-amine, 3-Methoxybenzaldehyde semicarbazone, carboxaldehyde , 1-methyl-,oxime ,(Z)-(+), 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexene, 4-(2,5-Dihydro-3-methoxyphenyl)butylamine, Paromomycin , 9-Borabicyclo[3.31]nonane , 9-mercapto-, Benzenemethanol , 2-(2-aminopropoxy)-3-methyl, Acetamide , N-(6-acetylaminobenzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(adamantan, rin-6-carboxylic acid , 4-(2,5-Dihydro-3-methoxyphenyl)butylamine, N-(2,5-Dicyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamide, 3,10-Dioxatricyclo [4.3.1.0(2,4)]dec-7-ene, 3-Cyclohex-3-enyl-propionic acid, Eicosanoic acid ,phenylmethyl ester, 3,7-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane , 9,9-dimethyl-, Dithiocarbamate , S-methyl-,N-(2-methyl-3-oxobutyl)-, dl-Homocysteine, 2-(2-Furyl)pyridine, 1,7-Dioxa-10-thia-4,13-diazacyclopentadeca-5,9,12-trione, 5,7-Dodecadiyn-1,12-diol, 1-(β-d-Arabinofuranosyl)-4-O-difluoromethyluracil, Uric acid, Pyrrolo[1.2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione , hexahydro-,12-Methyl-oxa-cyclododecan-2-one, Phthalic acid , butyl undecyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid , 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester, 1,2,4-Trioxolane-2-octanoic acid 5-octyl-, methyl ester, 12-Dimethylamino-10-oxododecanoic acid , Octahydrochromen-2-one, L-Aspartic acid , N-glycyl-,2H-Oxecin-2-one , 3,4,7,8,91,10-hexahydro-4-hydroxy-10-meth , Thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-5,7(4H,6H)-dione , 2-amino-4-(2-ph, Dec-9-en-6-oxo-1-ylamide, 3,6,12-Trimethyl-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaaza-cyclooctadecane, 2-lodohiistidine, 2,5-Piperazinedione ,3,6-bis(2-methylpropyl)-, 9-Octadecenamide , (Z)-, 3',8,8'-Trimethoxy-3-piperidyl-2,2'-binaphthalene-1,1',4,4'-tetra. Clinical pathogens selected for antibacterial activity namely, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, It were 4.09±0.013, 2.99±0.300, 4.37±0.200, 3.22±0.210, and 4.00±0.203 respectively for Bacterial products (Metabolites Produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae), while recorded 1.08±0.200, 0.97±0.116, 2.08±0.233, 3.04±0.261, 0.98±0.166 respectively for Bacterial products Streptomycin antibiotics, and recorded 1.02±0.180, 1.00±0.190, 2.08±0.236, 1.00±0.100, and 1.82±0.200 respectively for Kanamycin antibiotics. Klebsiella pneumoniae produce many important secondary metabolites with high biological activities. Based on the significance of employing bioactive compounds in pharmacy to produce drugs for the treatment of many diseases, the purification of compounds produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae can be useful.
{"title":"Characterization of antimicrobial secondary metabolites produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae and screening of its bioactive natural compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)","authors":"I. Hameed, Sahar Sajjad Saad Zghair, Sarhan Thajeel","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0071","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial secondary metabolites are low molecular mass products with unusual structures. The structurally diverse metabolites show a variety of biological activities like antimicrobial agents. Thirty nine bioactive compounds were identified in the methanolic extract of Klebsiella pneumoniae. GC-MS analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae revealed the existence of the Tricyclo[4.3.1.1(3.8)]undecan-1-amine, 3-Methoxybenzaldehyde semicarbazone, carboxaldehyde , 1-methyl-,oxime ,(Z)-(+), 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexene, 4-(2,5-Dihydro-3-methoxyphenyl)butylamine, Paromomycin , 9-Borabicyclo[3.31]nonane , 9-mercapto-, Benzenemethanol , 2-(2-aminopropoxy)-3-methyl, Acetamide , N-(6-acetylaminobenzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(adamantan, rin-6-carboxylic acid , 4-(2,5-Dihydro-3-methoxyphenyl)butylamine, N-(2,5-Dicyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamide, 3,10-Dioxatricyclo [4.3.1.0(2,4)]dec-7-ene, 3-Cyclohex-3-enyl-propionic acid, Eicosanoic acid ,phenylmethyl ester, 3,7-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane , 9,9-dimethyl-, Dithiocarbamate , S-methyl-,N-(2-methyl-3-oxobutyl)-, dl-Homocysteine, 2-(2-Furyl)pyridine, 1,7-Dioxa-10-thia-4,13-diazacyclopentadeca-5,9,12-trione, 5,7-Dodecadiyn-1,12-diol, 1-(β-d-Arabinofuranosyl)-4-O-difluoromethyluracil, Uric acid, Pyrrolo[1.2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione , hexahydro-,12-Methyl-oxa-cyclododecan-2-one, Phthalic acid , butyl undecyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid , 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester, 1,2,4-Trioxolane-2-octanoic acid 5-octyl-, methyl ester, 12-Dimethylamino-10-oxododecanoic acid , Octahydrochromen-2-one, L-Aspartic acid , N-glycyl-,2H-Oxecin-2-one , 3,4,7,8,91,10-hexahydro-4-hydroxy-10-meth , Thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-5,7(4H,6H)-dione , 2-amino-4-(2-ph, Dec-9-en-6-oxo-1-ylamide, 3,6,12-Trimethyl-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaaza-cyclooctadecane, 2-lodohiistidine, 2,5-Piperazinedione ,3,6-bis(2-methylpropyl)-, 9-Octadecenamide , (Z)-, 3',8,8'-Trimethoxy-3-piperidyl-2,2'-binaphthalene-1,1',4,4'-tetra. Clinical pathogens selected for antibacterial activity namely, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, It were 4.09±0.013, 2.99±0.300, 4.37±0.200, 3.22±0.210, and 4.00±0.203 respectively for Bacterial products (Metabolites Produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae), while recorded 1.08±0.200, 0.97±0.116, 2.08±0.233, 3.04±0.261, 0.98±0.166 respectively for Bacterial products Streptomycin antibiotics, and recorded 1.02±0.180, 1.00±0.190, 2.08±0.236, 1.00±0.100, and 1.82±0.200 respectively for Kanamycin antibiotics. Klebsiella pneumoniae produce many important secondary metabolites with high biological activities. Based on the significance of employing bioactive compounds in pharmacy to produce drugs for the treatment of many diseases, the purification of compounds produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae can be useful.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81223751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0073
O. Afieroho, Onyinye Blessing Okonkwo, J. Bimba, T. T. Eliya, Augustina Uche Osuji, K. Abo
The economic burden of drug resistant tuberculosis strain is enormous due to its being one of the leading cause of global mortality. New treatments that are faster, simpler and affordable are urgently needed. Thus this research aimed to validate that the ethyl acetate fraction from the Nigeria variety of Harungana madagascariensis contain secondary metabolites with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity. The fruit of H. madagascariensis was extracted with 70% aqueous ethanol by cold maceration. The crude aqueous ethanol extract was defatted with n-hexane by partitioning and the aqueous portion further partitioned with ethyl acetate to give ethyl acetate portion (EAP) used in this study. Fractionation of EAP was done using chromatographic techniques. Phytochemical screening of the fractions was done using standard methods. Anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis screening was done using Lowestein Jensen(LJ) method (test fractions stock solution 1mg/ml diluted to a 0.01mg/ml in the LJ medium while isoniazid, dihydrostreptomycin, ethambutol and rifampicin at their reported minimum inhibition concentrations(MIC) were used as reference anti-TB drugs). Four (4) chromatography fractions (EAF1 –EAF4) were obtained. All fractions were found to contain phenolics with anthraquinone present in EAF2 and EAF3. Fractions EAF3 and EAF4 inhibited the growth of the Mycobacteria tuberculosis. This preliminary screening validates the use of H. madagascariensis in traditional medicine and as a potential source of natural products with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity as well as a good source of anthraquinone.
{"title":"Chromatography fractions from the ethyl acetate fraction of Harungana madagascariensis Lam. Ex Poiret fruits (Hypericaceae) inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"O. Afieroho, Onyinye Blessing Okonkwo, J. Bimba, T. T. Eliya, Augustina Uche Osuji, K. Abo","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0073","url":null,"abstract":"The economic burden of drug resistant tuberculosis strain is enormous due to its being one of the leading cause of global mortality. New treatments that are faster, simpler and affordable are urgently needed. Thus this research aimed to validate that the ethyl acetate fraction from the Nigeria variety of Harungana madagascariensis contain secondary metabolites with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity. The fruit of H. madagascariensis was extracted with 70% aqueous ethanol by cold maceration. The crude aqueous ethanol extract was defatted with n-hexane by partitioning and the aqueous portion further partitioned with ethyl acetate to give ethyl acetate portion (EAP) used in this study. Fractionation of EAP was done using chromatographic techniques. Phytochemical screening of the fractions was done using standard methods. Anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis screening was done using Lowestein Jensen(LJ) method (test fractions stock solution 1mg/ml diluted to a 0.01mg/ml in the LJ medium while isoniazid, dihydrostreptomycin, ethambutol and rifampicin at their reported minimum inhibition concentrations(MIC) were used as reference anti-TB drugs). Four (4) chromatography fractions (EAF1 –EAF4) were obtained. All fractions were found to contain phenolics with anthraquinone present in EAF2 and EAF3. Fractions EAF3 and EAF4 inhibited the growth of the Mycobacteria tuberculosis. This preliminary screening validates the use of H. madagascariensis in traditional medicine and as a potential source of natural products with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity as well as a good source of anthraquinone.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89112012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign exchange reserves are interpreted as part of national savings and are a very important monetary indicator to show the strength or weakness of the country's economic fundamentals. Foreign exchange reserves is influenced by various factors, including; external debt, exports, imports, investment, and balance of payments. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determination (degree of influence) of factors of foreign debt, import exports, FDI, exchange rates, on foreign exchange reserves through and balance of payments (BOP). The research method used is a quantitative research method with secondary data types in the form of data series with a period of 12 years (2011-2022). The data analysis method used is path analysis. With the help of E-views software. The results of the analysis p there is a structure/path I obtained that the exchange rate variable has a real effect on the BOP (balance sheet), In the structure/path I it is obtained that the exchange rate variable has a real effect on the BOP. While simultaneously (together) it is known that the variables X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 not significant effect on Y1 (balance of payments). The results of the structure/path II analysis found that the external debt variable had a real effect on the country's foreign exchange reserves, and simultaneously (together) it was known that the variables X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 and X6/Y1 had a real effect on Y2 (foreign exchange reserves). In addition, it was also found that the balance of payments /BOP variable as an intervening variable did not have a real effect on foreign exchange reserves.
{"title":"Determinants of external debt, export-import, FDI, exchange rate, to foreign exchange reserves through balance of payments as intervening variables","authors":"Andi Dyna Riana, Retno Fitrianti, Muliana, Wiwin Anggriani Salawali, Rusneni, Arianto Taliding, Abdullah, Asriani, Arfandi SN","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign exchange reserves are interpreted as part of national savings and are a very important monetary indicator to show the strength or weakness of the country's economic fundamentals. Foreign exchange reserves is influenced by various factors, including; external debt, exports, imports, investment, and balance of payments. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determination (degree of influence) of factors of foreign debt, import exports, FDI, exchange rates, on foreign exchange reserves through and balance of payments (BOP). The research method used is a quantitative research method with secondary data types in the form of data series with a period of 12 years (2011-2022). The data analysis method used is path analysis. With the help of E-views software. The results of the analysis p there is a structure/path I obtained that the exchange rate variable has a real effect on the BOP (balance sheet), In the structure/path I it is obtained that the exchange rate variable has a real effect on the BOP. While simultaneously (together) it is known that the variables X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 not significant effect on Y1 (balance of payments). The results of the structure/path II analysis found that the external debt variable had a real effect on the country's foreign exchange reserves, and simultaneously (together) it was known that the variables X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 and X6/Y1 had a real effect on Y2 (foreign exchange reserves). In addition, it was also found that the balance of payments /BOP variable as an intervening variable did not have a real effect on foreign exchange reserves.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89887114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0078
Andi Dyna Riana, Retno Fitrianti, Muliana, Hikmah, Harmansyal, Syafri, Rahmawati Rahman, S. K. Aksa, E. S. Rasyidi
Poverty is a classic problem faced by developing countries including Indonesia. An increase in poverty will reduce the welfare of the Indonesian people. This study aims to determine the effect of unemployment and inflation on poverty in Indonesia. The results of the ECM analysis show that unemployment has a significant effect on poverty in the short term and long term in Indonesia while inflation has an insignificant effect on poverty in the short term and long term in Indonesia.
{"title":"Determinants of poverty in indonesia through the error correction model (ECM) approach","authors":"Andi Dyna Riana, Retno Fitrianti, Muliana, Hikmah, Harmansyal, Syafri, Rahmawati Rahman, S. K. Aksa, E. S. Rasyidi","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0078","url":null,"abstract":"Poverty is a classic problem faced by developing countries including Indonesia. An increase in poverty will reduce the welfare of the Indonesian people. This study aims to determine the effect of unemployment and inflation on poverty in Indonesia. The results of the ECM analysis show that unemployment has a significant effect on poverty in the short term and long term in Indonesia while inflation has an insignificant effect on poverty in the short term and long term in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84961223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0075
Abun Abun, Hannifah F. Jaliny, K. Haetami, D. Rusmana
Background: The purpose of the study was to determine and obtain the level of addition of fermented shrimp waste extract in the ration as a feed additive that produces an optimal protein efficiency balance value in the egg production of purebred chickens. Materials and Methods: The study used 40 40-week-old layer laying hens in 20 cage units. The study used a randomized design method complete with five types of treatment, consisting of R 0 (ration without the use of fermented shrimp waste extract), R1 (ration containing 0.5% fermented shrimp waste extract), R2 (ration containing 1.0% fermented shrimp waste extract), R3 (ration containing 1.5% fermented shrimp waste extract), and R4 (ration containing 2.0% fermented shrimp waste extract). Each treatment was repeated four times with the observed variables being ration consumption, protein consumption, egg weight, and protein efficiency balance. The difference in effect between treatments was tested using the Tukey Test. Results: The results of the study found that the addition of fermented shrimp waste extract in the ration affected ration consumption and protein consumption, but did not affect egg weight and protein efficiency balance. Conclusions: The use of fermented shrimp waste extract in the 2% ration is optimal for the balance value of protein efficiency.
{"title":"The effect of adding fermented shrimp waste extract in the ration on the balance of protein efficiency in egg production","authors":"Abun Abun, Hannifah F. Jaliny, K. Haetami, D. Rusmana","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0075","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of the study was to determine and obtain the level of addition of fermented shrimp waste extract in the ration as a feed additive that produces an optimal protein efficiency balance value in the egg production of purebred chickens. Materials and Methods: The study used 40 40-week-old layer laying hens in 20 cage units. The study used a randomized design method complete with five types of treatment, consisting of R 0 (ration without the use of fermented shrimp waste extract), R1 (ration containing 0.5% fermented shrimp waste extract), R2 (ration containing 1.0% fermented shrimp waste extract), R3 (ration containing 1.5% fermented shrimp waste extract), and R4 (ration containing 2.0% fermented shrimp waste extract). Each treatment was repeated four times with the observed variables being ration consumption, protein consumption, egg weight, and protein efficiency balance. The difference in effect between treatments was tested using the Tukey Test. Results: The results of the study found that the addition of fermented shrimp waste extract in the ration affected ration consumption and protein consumption, but did not affect egg weight and protein efficiency balance. Conclusions: The use of fermented shrimp waste extract in the 2% ration is optimal for the balance value of protein efficiency.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83346019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0065
Hussein Ali Obaid, R. Ojani
Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) are the tiniest particle of iron metal with a large surface area and high reactivity. They are non-toxic. FeNPs have excellent dimensional stability and also possess high thermal and electrical conductivity, high surface area, and are highly magnetic. FeNPs can oxidize immediately when exposed to water or air and produces free Fe ions. There are numerous applications of FeNPs but the most promising one includes their role in drug delivery. Considerable attention is being paid to the utilization of computer-based and modeling optimization in fuel cell systems design. One advantage of this method is the positive effect on high cost and design cycle time savings, as well as its improved operation and design. The performance of optimum development depends primarily on the method by which the prototype is developed. It is crucial to identify the important factors and those that can be compromised without having an adverse effect on the design. Modeling is carried out to capture the designer’s interest aspects of the fuel cell system. A mathematical model that represents particular fuel cell system aspects and estimates its characteristics can be in a form of algebraic equations, differential equations, or a process or subroutine based on a computer. The model can involve various alternatives to the design that can be achieved by changing parameters, variables, constraints or conditions. The principle explained in the preceding step contributes to the basis for comparing the various alternatives to design.
{"title":"Iron nanoparticles decorated on graphitic carbon nitride/ZlF-67 support: An electro catalyst for the oxidation of methanol in fuel cell","authors":"Hussein Ali Obaid, R. Ojani","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0065","url":null,"abstract":"Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) are the tiniest particle of iron metal with a large surface area and high reactivity. They are non-toxic. FeNPs have excellent dimensional stability and also possess high thermal and electrical conductivity, high surface area, and are highly magnetic. FeNPs can oxidize immediately when exposed to water or air and produces free Fe ions. There are numerous applications of FeNPs but the most promising one includes their role in drug delivery. Considerable attention is being paid to the utilization of computer-based and modeling optimization in fuel cell systems design. One advantage of this method is the positive effect on high cost and design cycle time savings, as well as its improved operation and design. The performance of optimum development depends primarily on the method by which the prototype is developed. It is crucial to identify the important factors and those that can be compromised without having an adverse effect on the design. Modeling is carried out to capture the designer’s interest aspects of the fuel cell system. A mathematical model that represents particular fuel cell system aspects and estimates its characteristics can be in a form of algebraic equations, differential equations, or a process or subroutine based on a computer. The model can involve various alternatives to the design that can be achieved by changing parameters, variables, constraints or conditions. The principle explained in the preceding step contributes to the basis for comparing the various alternatives to design.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79518018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The water environment is facing increasing contamination by antibiotic residues, favoring the development of pathogenic bacteria, in particular Escherichia and Salmonella. This study aims to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria of the genus Escherichia and Salmonella in the water environment containing antibiotic residues in the city of Ndjamena, Chad. Methodology and results: Information gathered from questionnaires and the results of preliminary positive tests (premiTest) were used to identify the sample. A total of 27 wastewater samples from retention basins, hospital drainage channels, abattoir water and the Chari and Logone rivers were tested positive for antibiotic residues and retained for isolation of Escherichia and Salmonella bacteria. Cultures on specific media (EMB for Escherichiaand SS for Salmonella) were carried out in accordance with reference methods. A total of 36 isolates were obtained, including 15 of the Escherichia genus with a prevalence of 55.6% and 20 of the Salmonella genus with a prevalence of 74%. Analyzing the data by commune, a 100% prevalence of Salmonella was observed in the 2nd, 3rd, 6th and 10th arrondissements, and 80% and 57.1% respectively in the 8th and 7th arrondissements. Escherichia isolates were 100% prevalent in the 8th and 10th arrondissements, and 75% and 66.6% respectively in the 1st and 10th arrondissements. At neighborhood level, 100% Salmonella prevalence was observed in Ardepdjoumal, Diguel, Diguel Est, Gardolet, Clemat, Ndjari and Walia, while 100% E. coli prevalence was found in Dembé, Diguel, Diguel Est, Clemat, Ndjari, Walia, Gueli and Zafaye. These prevalences varied significantly at the 5% level (p-value = 0.004224 for Salmonella and p-value = 0.01921 for Escherichia) between the different districts and neighborhoods of the city of Ndjamena. Conclusion and application of results: This study revealed variability in the presence of Salmonella and E. coli in water samples from the various districts and neighborhoods of N’Djamena, with prevalences ranging from 0 to 100%. These high prevalences are explained by poor waste management in communes, health and veterinary establishments, highlighting for the first time the level of contamination of the water environment by these pathogenic bacteria. It is essential that the Ministries of Public Health and Livestock exert pressure to prohibât the discharge of drug residues into wastewater, in order to prevent drug résistance mechanisms in Chad.
{"title":"Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria of the genus Escherichia and Salmonella in the water environment tested positive for antibiotic residues in the city of Ndjamena, Cha","authors":"DJASBEYE Mounpor, Ban-Bo Bebanto Antipas, TEREI Nadine, NAIBI KEITOYO Amedé, RAHILA LOUM Ghazida, NAÏM Saturnin, HALIME HISSEIN Hangata","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0072","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The water environment is facing increasing contamination by antibiotic residues, favoring the development of pathogenic bacteria, in particular Escherichia and Salmonella. This study aims to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria of the genus Escherichia and Salmonella in the water environment containing antibiotic residues in the city of Ndjamena, Chad. Methodology and results: Information gathered from questionnaires and the results of preliminary positive tests (premiTest) were used to identify the sample. A total of 27 wastewater samples from retention basins, hospital drainage channels, abattoir water and the Chari and Logone rivers were tested positive for antibiotic residues and retained for isolation of Escherichia and Salmonella bacteria. Cultures on specific media (EMB for Escherichiaand SS for Salmonella) were carried out in accordance with reference methods. A total of 36 isolates were obtained, including 15 of the Escherichia genus with a prevalence of 55.6% and 20 of the Salmonella genus with a prevalence of 74%. Analyzing the data by commune, a 100% prevalence of Salmonella was observed in the 2nd, 3rd, 6th and 10th arrondissements, and 80% and 57.1% respectively in the 8th and 7th arrondissements. Escherichia isolates were 100% prevalent in the 8th and 10th arrondissements, and 75% and 66.6% respectively in the 1st and 10th arrondissements. At neighborhood level, 100% Salmonella prevalence was observed in Ardepdjoumal, Diguel, Diguel Est, Gardolet, Clemat, Ndjari and Walia, while 100% E. coli prevalence was found in Dembé, Diguel, Diguel Est, Clemat, Ndjari, Walia, Gueli and Zafaye. These prevalences varied significantly at the 5% level (p-value = 0.004224 for Salmonella and p-value = 0.01921 for Escherichia) between the different districts and neighborhoods of the city of Ndjamena. Conclusion and application of results: This study revealed variability in the presence of Salmonella and E. coli in water samples from the various districts and neighborhoods of N’Djamena, with prevalences ranging from 0 to 100%. These high prevalences are explained by poor waste management in communes, health and veterinary establishments, highlighting for the first time the level of contamination of the water environment by these pathogenic bacteria. It is essential that the Ministries of Public Health and Livestock exert pressure to prohibât the discharge of drug residues into wastewater, in order to prevent drug résistance mechanisms in Chad.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77858411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0068
B. Karikalan, Aida Rezaei
In organizations, a hypercompetitive work environment can have significant impacts on both individuals and the overall organizational culture. Constant pressure and high expectations can lead to employee dissatisfaction and turnover, resulting in a loss of talent and knowledge. A hypercompetitive environment may discourage collaboration and teamwork as individuals focus primarily on individual success rather than collective goals. When individuals are solely focused on outperforming each other, they may be less inclined to share ideas and collaborate, hindering creativity and innovation within the organization. Hypercompetition can lead to disengagement and a lack of commitment among employees, as they may feel overwhelmed, undervalued, or constantly threatened by their colleagues. Excessive competition can foster a toxic work culture characterized by cutthroat behavior, lack of trust, and limited support among team members. Strategies to deal with a hypercompetitive work environment in organizations includes fostering a collaborative work culture, encouraging open communication, managing a good work-life balance, engaging in healthy competition, managing stress and engaging in well-being activities. Addressing a hypercompetitive work environment requires a holistic approach involving leadership, organizational policies, and individual efforts. By fostering a collaborative culture and prioritizing employee well-being, organizations can create a healthier and more productive work environment.
{"title":"Surviving the Gauntlet: Navigating the hypercompetitive work culture","authors":"B. Karikalan, Aida Rezaei","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.5.1.0068","url":null,"abstract":"In organizations, a hypercompetitive work environment can have significant impacts on both individuals and the overall organizational culture. Constant pressure and high expectations can lead to employee dissatisfaction and turnover, resulting in a loss of talent and knowledge. A hypercompetitive environment may discourage collaboration and teamwork as individuals focus primarily on individual success rather than collective goals. When individuals are solely focused on outperforming each other, they may be less inclined to share ideas and collaborate, hindering creativity and innovation within the organization. Hypercompetition can lead to disengagement and a lack of commitment among employees, as they may feel overwhelmed, undervalued, or constantly threatened by their colleagues. Excessive competition can foster a toxic work culture characterized by cutthroat behavior, lack of trust, and limited support among team members. Strategies to deal with a hypercompetitive work environment in organizations includes fostering a collaborative work culture, encouraging open communication, managing a good work-life balance, engaging in healthy competition, managing stress and engaging in well-being activities. Addressing a hypercompetitive work environment requires a holistic approach involving leadership, organizational policies, and individual efforts. By fostering a collaborative culture and prioritizing employee well-being, organizations can create a healthier and more productive work environment.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77512894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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