Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0058
Sara Kouara, Wiame Ghammad, Selma Berrada, Mustapha Mahmoud
Multidrug-resistant bacteria are currently a major health problem in our hospitals and a current medical issue due to the morbidity and mortality it causes, especially in intensive care units. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile, frequency, and resistance status of multidrug-resistant bacteria in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units. We conducted a retrospective study at the microbiology laboratory of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez in 2022, where we collected bacterial samples from these two units that identified a multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR). We collected 1216 bacterial samples, of which 28% were positive, and among them, we found 148 samples that contained multidrug-resistant bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) dominated, with only 4 resistant gram-positive cocci samples, and Acinetobacter baumannii was the most prevalent, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. A high rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was found in infants, estimated at 40% of all samples collected in neonatal intensive care, as well as a high rate of highly resistant isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in pediatric intensive care. Multidrug-resistant nosocomial bacterial infections are dominated by bacteremia in neonatology and pneumonia in pediatric intensive care, and both are mainly caused by gram-negative bacilli. Knowledge of the bacteriological profiles and antibiotic resistance rates of such bacteria will allow for more tailored and targeted management in each hospital setting.
{"title":"Epidemiological profile of multi-drug resistant bacteria in pediatric intensive care unit","authors":"Sara Kouara, Wiame Ghammad, Selma Berrada, Mustapha Mahmoud","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0058","url":null,"abstract":"Multidrug-resistant bacteria are currently a major health problem in our hospitals and a current medical issue due to the morbidity and mortality it causes, especially in intensive care units. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile, frequency, and resistance status of multidrug-resistant bacteria in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units. We conducted a retrospective study at the microbiology laboratory of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez in 2022, where we collected bacterial samples from these two units that identified a multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR). We collected 1216 bacterial samples, of which 28% were positive, and among them, we found 148 samples that contained multidrug-resistant bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) dominated, with only 4 resistant gram-positive cocci samples, and Acinetobacter baumannii was the most prevalent, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. A high rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was found in infants, estimated at 40% of all samples collected in neonatal intensive care, as well as a high rate of highly resistant isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in pediatric intensive care. Multidrug-resistant nosocomial bacterial infections are dominated by bacteremia in neonatology and pneumonia in pediatric intensive care, and both are mainly caused by gram-negative bacilli. Knowledge of the bacteriological profiles and antibiotic resistance rates of such bacteria will allow for more tailored and targeted management in each hospital setting.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90800674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0051
Ghada A. Youssef, Marwa M. Naguib, Doha M. Beltagy
Many edible mushrooms have been evaluated as new therapeutic alternatives with various activities. We focused this work to estimate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effects of three edible aqueous mushroom extracts: Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom), Pleurotus ostreatus (pearl oyster mushroom), and Pleurotus pulmonarius (Phoenix mushroom). The biochemical analysis of extracts revealed marked variations for total carbohydrate, protein, phenolic, and flavonoid contents. The three extracts were tested for antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Pleurotus ostreatus had a potential antioxidant capacity with lowest IC50 value (13.26 µg/mL). Distinct variable degrees of antimicrobial activity were detected against five reference microbial strains, exerting the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 28 to 89 mg/ml. Agaricus bisporus exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against EAC cells with cell viability 68% and showed an evidenced inhibitory action against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) based on Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.
{"title":"Bioactive compounds and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant capacities, antimicrobial properties, and effectiveness of cytotoxicity of three edible mushrooms from Egypt","authors":"Ghada A. Youssef, Marwa M. Naguib, Doha M. Beltagy","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Many edible mushrooms have been evaluated as new therapeutic alternatives with various activities. We focused this work to estimate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effects of three edible aqueous mushroom extracts: Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom), Pleurotus ostreatus (pearl oyster mushroom), and Pleurotus pulmonarius (Phoenix mushroom). The biochemical analysis of extracts revealed marked variations for total carbohydrate, protein, phenolic, and flavonoid contents. The three extracts were tested for antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Pleurotus ostreatus had a potential antioxidant capacity with lowest IC50 value (13.26 µg/mL). Distinct variable degrees of antimicrobial activity were detected against five reference microbial strains, exerting the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 28 to 89 mg/ml. Agaricus bisporus exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against EAC cells with cell viability 68% and showed an evidenced inhibitory action against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) based on Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72875403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0047
Ramin Raji, Mahmoud Reza Miri, Arvin Raji
Aloe Vera has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, and anti-microbial properties. It has been demonstrated that Aloe Vera use could accelerate healing of burn injuries in rats. The current study evaluates the effects of Aloe Vera gel and Aloe Vera leaf pulp extract (LPE) alone and together with silver sulfadiazine on third degree burn wound injuries in rats. In an experimental study, 70 male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into 7 groups to receive topical placebo, silver sulfadiazine, Aloe Vera gel, Aloe Vera LPE and their combination. Treatment results were evaluated according to wound healing on days 3, 10, and 21 and according to pathologic findings on day 21. Wound size differed significantly between groups on day 3 (p= 0.001), day 10 (p= 0.001), and day 21 (p= 0.001). The study's findings indicate that Aloe Vera gel alone, compared to LPE, and the combination of Aloe Vera gel or LPE with silver sulfadiazine had a more significant reduction in wound size. The combined treatment of Aloe Vera LPE and silver sulfadiazine has shown several advantages, including enhanced epithelialization and reduced cell infiltration, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization in the treatment of burns. However, additional research is necessary to determine the most effective treatment for third-degree burns.
{"title":"Comparison of healing effects of aloe vera gel and aloe vera leaf pulp extract on burn-wound rats","authors":"Ramin Raji, Mahmoud Reza Miri, Arvin Raji","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Aloe Vera has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, and anti-microbial properties. It has been demonstrated that Aloe Vera use could accelerate healing of burn injuries in rats. The current study evaluates the effects of Aloe Vera gel and Aloe Vera leaf pulp extract (LPE) alone and together with silver sulfadiazine on third degree burn wound injuries in rats. In an experimental study, 70 male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into 7 groups to receive topical placebo, silver sulfadiazine, Aloe Vera gel, Aloe Vera LPE and their combination. Treatment results were evaluated according to wound healing on days 3, 10, and 21 and according to pathologic findings on day 21. Wound size differed significantly between groups on day 3 (p= 0.001), day 10 (p= 0.001), and day 21 (p= 0.001). The study's findings indicate that Aloe Vera gel alone, compared to LPE, and the combination of Aloe Vera gel or LPE with silver sulfadiazine had a more significant reduction in wound size. The combined treatment of Aloe Vera LPE and silver sulfadiazine has shown several advantages, including enhanced epithelialization and reduced cell infiltration, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization in the treatment of burns. However, additional research is necessary to determine the most effective treatment for third-degree burns.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89843057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience a variety of symptoms, based on their age, endocrinal and metabolic disturbances. The women seek medical help chiefly due to cosmetic or reproductive reasons. The study was undertaken to study the phenotypes and presentations of women with PCOS. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 women with PCOS fulfilling Rotterdam criteria. Detailed history pertaining to symptoms was taken. General physical examination and complete systemic examination was done. Body mass index [BMI] was calculated. Observations were recorded and inferences drawn. P value <0.05 was taken as significant. The commonest phenotype in the study was type D,most women were between 22-26 years age,66% of these were unmarried. The chief complaint which made the patient seek medical help was oligomenorrhoea, infertility, hirsutism and acne. Since women are not aware of the syndrome and its long term effects – diabetes mellitus, hypertension, there is a need to sensitize women regarding their health, which will help them seek medical help sooner.
{"title":"Presentation of women with polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"Neha Singh, Devendra Kumar Benwal, Nupur Hooja, Mónika, Krupa Verma, Babita Panwar","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience a variety of symptoms, based on their age, endocrinal and metabolic disturbances. The women seek medical help chiefly due to cosmetic or reproductive reasons. The study was undertaken to study the phenotypes and presentations of women with PCOS. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 women with PCOS fulfilling Rotterdam criteria. Detailed history pertaining to symptoms was taken. General physical examination and complete systemic examination was done. Body mass index [BMI] was calculated. Observations were recorded and inferences drawn. P value <0.05 was taken as significant. The commonest phenotype in the study was type D,most women were between 22-26 years age,66% of these were unmarried. The chief complaint which made the patient seek medical help was oligomenorrhoea, infertility, hirsutism and acne. Since women are not aware of the syndrome and its long term effects – diabetes mellitus, hypertension, there is a need to sensitize women regarding their health, which will help them seek medical help sooner.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76685283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0056
Sara Kouara, Selma Berrada, Wiame Ghammad, Mustapha Mahmoud, Ghita Yahyaoui
Pemphigus is a rare autoimmune blistering disease affecting the skin and mucosa. Infections are the most frequent complications. One or more bacterial species can be incriminated. The aim of our study was to establish the bacteriological profile of skin infections in patients with pemphigus. This is a retrospective descriptive study spread over a period of 3 years and a half (March 2019 - September 2022) having included patients hospitalized in the dermatology department of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez for an outbreak of pemphigus with signs of skin infection. During the study period, 92 pus samples from patients with clinically infected pemphigus were received at the microbiology laboratory of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez. 68% of them were positive with a bacteriologically confirmed infection. The average age of the patients was 53.2 years (20 to 89 years). The sex ratio (female/male) was 1.5. The medical history revealed diabetes in 10 patients (11%). Among the patients included in the study, 16% had at least one infection during their course and 21% of the samples taken were polymicrobial. Most bacterial skin infections detected in our patients were due to Staphylococcus aureus (43% of cases). Our study allowed us to confirm the predisposition to infections in patients with pemphigus. This prompts us to insist on the importance of hygienic care, early diagnosis and treatment of any type of infection.
{"title":"Bacteriological profile of skin infections in hospitalized patients with pemphigus: A retrospective study of 92 cases","authors":"Sara Kouara, Selma Berrada, Wiame Ghammad, Mustapha Mahmoud, Ghita Yahyaoui","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0056","url":null,"abstract":"Pemphigus is a rare autoimmune blistering disease affecting the skin and mucosa. Infections are the most frequent complications. One or more bacterial species can be incriminated. The aim of our study was to establish the bacteriological profile of skin infections in patients with pemphigus. This is a retrospective descriptive study spread over a period of 3 years and a half (March 2019 - September 2022) having included patients hospitalized in the dermatology department of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez for an outbreak of pemphigus with signs of skin infection. During the study period, 92 pus samples from patients with clinically infected pemphigus were received at the microbiology laboratory of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez. 68% of them were positive with a bacteriologically confirmed infection. The average age of the patients was 53.2 years (20 to 89 years). The sex ratio (female/male) was 1.5. The medical history revealed diabetes in 10 patients (11%). Among the patients included in the study, 16% had at least one infection during their course and 21% of the samples taken were polymicrobial. Most bacterial skin infections detected in our patients were due to Staphylococcus aureus (43% of cases). Our study allowed us to confirm the predisposition to infections in patients with pemphigus. This prompts us to insist on the importance of hygienic care, early diagnosis and treatment of any type of infection.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78201972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The discovery of hemolytic anemia must lead to a precise etiological assessment guided by clinical and biological data. The aim of our study is to describe the etiological profile of hemolytic anemia cases diagnosed in the hematology laboratory of the Hassan II University Hospital in FEZ. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study of hemolytic anemia cases diagnosed between January 2017 and July 2019 and based on epidemiological and clinical data collected from computerized reports and laboratory investigations. Results: The analysis of clinicobiological records identified 100 cases of hemolytic anemias. The mean age of our patients was 36 years , with a sex ratio (F /H) of 1.5. Anemia was symptomatic in the majority of patients. The etiologies found were : neoplasia in 32 patients, systemic lupus erythematosus in 10 patients , sickle cell disease in 10 patients, immunological thrombocytopenic purpura in 7 patients, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in 7 patients, alloimmunization in 5 patients, hemolytic uremic syndrome in 5 patients, hyperthyroidism in 5 patients, thalassemia in 4 patients, microspherocytosis in 4 patients, hypersplenism in 4 patients, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in 1 patient , pyruvate kinase deficiency in 1 patient, Gaucher disease in 1 patient, and the use of alpha-methyl Dopa in only one patient. Conclusion: Hemolytic anemia constitute a real diagnostic challenge. Neoplasia predominate in elderly subjects while autoimmune pathologies are more frequent in young subjects.
{"title":"Etiological profile of hemolytic anemia","authors":"Imane Tlamçani, Zineb Azzine, Hanae Kaaouch, Ouahiba Bhallil, Moncef Amrani Hassani","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0055","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The discovery of hemolytic anemia must lead to a precise etiological assessment guided by clinical and biological data. The aim of our study is to describe the etiological profile of hemolytic anemia cases diagnosed in the hematology laboratory of the Hassan II University Hospital in FEZ. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study of hemolytic anemia cases diagnosed between January 2017 and July 2019 and based on epidemiological and clinical data collected from computerized reports and laboratory investigations. Results: The analysis of clinicobiological records identified 100 cases of hemolytic anemias. The mean age of our patients was 36 years , with a sex ratio (F /H) of 1.5. Anemia was symptomatic in the majority of patients. The etiologies found were : neoplasia in 32 patients, systemic lupus erythematosus in 10 patients , sickle cell disease in 10 patients, immunological thrombocytopenic purpura in 7 patients, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in 7 patients, alloimmunization in 5 patients, hemolytic uremic syndrome in 5 patients, hyperthyroidism in 5 patients, thalassemia in 4 patients, microspherocytosis in 4 patients, hypersplenism in 4 patients, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in 1 patient , pyruvate kinase deficiency in 1 patient, Gaucher disease in 1 patient, and the use of alpha-methyl Dopa in only one patient. Conclusion: Hemolytic anemia constitute a real diagnostic challenge. Neoplasia predominate in elderly subjects while autoimmune pathologies are more frequent in young subjects.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89422771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0050
Agus Tumulyadi, Hartati Kartikaningsih, Bambang Semedi, Alda Wuldan Dwigita, Abd. Aziz Amin
Pondokdadap is a fishing port that has large pelagic fish resources and biodiversity. This fishing port is an effective location for fish landing where it is close to the yellow fin tuna fishing ground. Tuna is one of the important commodities in the national capture fisheries sub-sector. Yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is a fish with economic value and a high level of public consumption, both domestically and abroad. However, it has an impact on the magnitude of market demand which is in line with the high activity of catching tuna in nature. Therefore, the exploitation of yellowfin tuna resources should be controlled. The purpose of this study was to identify, growth rate, mortality rate, exploitation rate and recruitment pattern of yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) landed at TPI Pondokdadap. The results of growth parameter values, L∞= 191 cm, K = 0.36 per year, and t0 = -0.27 per year. The mortality rate is Z = 2.81 per year, M = 0.45 per year, F = 2.36 per year and the exploitation rate is E = 0.84 per year, which means that the utilization status of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) was in the overexploited category. The highest value seen from the analysis of recruitment patterns occurred in June with a percentage of 34.83%. This research concludes that advisable to limit the efforts of catching yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares).
{"title":"Analysis of population dynamics for the sustainability of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) resources landed in Pondokdadap Sendangbiru, Malang District, Indonesia","authors":"Agus Tumulyadi, Hartati Kartikaningsih, Bambang Semedi, Alda Wuldan Dwigita, Abd. Aziz Amin","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0050","url":null,"abstract":"Pondokdadap is a fishing port that has large pelagic fish resources and biodiversity. This fishing port is an effective location for fish landing where it is close to the yellow fin tuna fishing ground. Tuna is one of the important commodities in the national capture fisheries sub-sector. Yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is a fish with economic value and a high level of public consumption, both domestically and abroad. However, it has an impact on the magnitude of market demand which is in line with the high activity of catching tuna in nature. Therefore, the exploitation of yellowfin tuna resources should be controlled. The purpose of this study was to identify, growth rate, mortality rate, exploitation rate and recruitment pattern of yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) landed at TPI Pondokdadap. The results of growth parameter values, L∞= 191 cm, K = 0.36 per year, and t0 = -0.27 per year. The mortality rate is Z = 2.81 per year, M = 0.45 per year, F = 2.36 per year and the exploitation rate is E = 0.84 per year, which means that the utilization status of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) was in the overexploited category. The highest value seen from the analysis of recruitment patterns occurred in June with a percentage of 34.83%. This research concludes that advisable to limit the efforts of catching yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares).","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"23 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74079730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0053
S Kouara, J Elamouri, K Lemhouer, Z Azzine, M Mahmoud, G Yahyaoui, Z Khammar, R Berrady
Introduction: Febrile neutropenia is a hematologic emergency that develops following treatment of hematologic malignancies. It exposes patients to the risk of sepsis, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Currently, coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common bloodborne isolates while enterobacteria are isolated less frequently. The objective of our study is to determine the epidemiological, bacteriological and antibiotic susceptibility profile of strains isolated from blood cultures collected from febrile neutropenic patients at Hassan II University Hospital, Fez. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study, over a period of 4 years (January 2019 - December 2022) including 83 patients with bacteremia hospitalized in the department of hemato-oncology. Identification and detection of antibiotic resistance was performed according to conventional bacteriology methods and CA-SFM/EUCAST recommendations. Results: Among 524 blood cultures received, we diagnosed 83 cases of bacteremia. The average age of the patients was 55 years. The average age of the patients was 55 years. The predominance of women was noted, with a sex ratio of 0.88. The majority of the episodes, 94.87%, occurred in patients followed for a neoplastic pathology. Hematological malignancies were the most responsible with a rate of 61.54% against 33.33% of solid tumors. Gram-positive bacteria represent 56.6%, and 43.4% of Gram-negative bacteria. The proportions of the different bacterial classes (BGN / CG+) have remained stable over the last 4 years, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequent isolated Gram-positive bacteria 24.1℅(n=29) then Staphylococcus aureus 24.6% (n=18), followed by Gram-negative bacteria of enterobacteria type especially Escherichia coli which was the most frequently isolated pathogen (16.86%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.84℅) and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.4) and Acinetobacter baumanii (6℅). Bacteria of clinical interest have shown increasingly worrisome levels of beta-lactam resistance, with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae accounting for 4, 8% with only one case of carbapenemase, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 3.61% while no imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa or vancomycin-resistant enterococci were found. While Acinetobacter baumanii isolates (n=5) showed increased resistance to the majority of antibiotics tested, especially to imipenem which was 100%. Discussion and conclusion: Gram-positive bacteremia of the genus coagulase-negative staphylococcus is the most common type of infection in febrile neutropenias showing an increasingly resistant profile to first-line antibiotics. However, Gram-negative infections have shown decreased susceptibility compared to previous years. A regular study of the bacterial ecology of blood culture isolates and a determination of antibiotic susceptibility are necessary
{"title":"Bacterial ecology of sepsis in febrile neutropenics on hematology-oncology services","authors":"S Kouara, J Elamouri, K Lemhouer, Z Azzine, M Mahmoud, G Yahyaoui, Z Khammar, R Berrady","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.2.0053","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Febrile neutropenia is a hematologic emergency that develops following treatment of hematologic malignancies. It exposes patients to the risk of sepsis, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Currently, coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common bloodborne isolates while enterobacteria are isolated less frequently. The objective of our study is to determine the epidemiological, bacteriological and antibiotic susceptibility profile of strains isolated from blood cultures collected from febrile neutropenic patients at Hassan II University Hospital, Fez. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study, over a period of 4 years (January 2019 - December 2022) including 83 patients with bacteremia hospitalized in the department of hemato-oncology. Identification and detection of antibiotic resistance was performed according to conventional bacteriology methods and CA-SFM/EUCAST recommendations. Results: Among 524 blood cultures received, we diagnosed 83 cases of bacteremia. The average age of the patients was 55 years. The average age of the patients was 55 years. The predominance of women was noted, with a sex ratio of 0.88. The majority of the episodes, 94.87%, occurred in patients followed for a neoplastic pathology. Hematological malignancies were the most responsible with a rate of 61.54% against 33.33% of solid tumors. Gram-positive bacteria represent 56.6%, and 43.4% of Gram-negative bacteria. The proportions of the different bacterial classes (BGN / CG+) have remained stable over the last 4 years, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequent isolated Gram-positive bacteria 24.1℅(n=29) then Staphylococcus aureus 24.6% (n=18), followed by Gram-negative bacteria of enterobacteria type especially Escherichia coli which was the most frequently isolated pathogen (16.86%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.84℅) and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.4) and Acinetobacter baumanii (6℅). Bacteria of clinical interest have shown increasingly worrisome levels of beta-lactam resistance, with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae accounting for 4, 8% with only one case of carbapenemase, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 3.61% while no imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa or vancomycin-resistant enterococci were found. While Acinetobacter baumanii isolates (n=5) showed increased resistance to the majority of antibiotics tested, especially to imipenem which was 100%. Discussion and conclusion: Gram-positive bacteremia of the genus coagulase-negative staphylococcus is the most common type of infection in febrile neutropenias showing an increasingly resistant profile to first-line antibiotics. However, Gram-negative infections have shown decreased susceptibility compared to previous years. A regular study of the bacterial ecology of blood culture isolates and a determination of antibiotic susceptibility are necessary ","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80708987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0032
Rizki Zalzabillah, Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa, Sri Wahyuni, EM Sutrisna
Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria are a group of bacteria that can infect the respiratory tract so that they can cause complications for humans, Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam) is a plant that has potential as an antibacterial, because it has active substances that can stop the growth of bacterial organisms, namely flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids are its components. Purpose: This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Methods: Antibacterial activity test in this study was carried out using the well method, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria as test microbes in this study, positive control (chloramphenicol), 20% DMSO negative control and five concentration groups namely 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.25% from methanol extract of Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam). Results: From the research results it is known that the methanol extract of Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam) is able to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with each inhibition zone at 100% concentration of 12.31 mm, 50% concentration of 10.48 mm, 25% concentration of 7.62 mm and the positive control (chloramphenicol) was 33.24 mm and the Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria at 100% concentration was 14.27 mm, 50% concentration was 11.14 mm and the positive control (chloramphenicol) was 40.6 mm.
背景:金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎杆菌是一类可以感染呼吸道从而引起人类并发症的细菌，牛蒡叶(Guazuma ulmifolia Lam)是一种具有潜在抗菌作用的植物，因为它含有能够阻止细菌生物体生长的活性物质，即黄酮类、皂苷类、单宁类和生物碱是其成分。目的:研究牛蒡叶甲醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌生长的抑制作用。方法:采用孔法进行本研究的抑菌活性试验，以金葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为本研究的试验微生物，以氯霉素为阳性对照，20% DMSO为阴性对照，以百万分之一、50%、25%、12.5%和6.25%为浓度组，分别对番石榴叶甲醇提取物进行抑菌活性试验。结果:从研究结果众所周知,Jati belanda叶的甲醇提取物(Guazuma ulmifolia Lam)能够抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的细菌与每个抑制带在100%浓度的12.31毫米,50%浓度的10.48毫米,25%浓度的7.62毫米和积极的控制(氯霉素)是33.24毫米和克雷伯氏菌肺炎的细菌在100%浓度为14.27 mm, 50%浓度是11.14毫米和积极的控制(氯霉素)是40.6毫米。
{"title":"Activity test of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam (Jati Belanda) methanol extract against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Rizki Zalzabillah, Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa, Sri Wahyuni, EM Sutrisna","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria are a group of bacteria that can infect the respiratory tract so that they can cause complications for humans, Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam) is a plant that has potential as an antibacterial, because it has active substances that can stop the growth of bacterial organisms, namely flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids are its components. Purpose: This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Methods: Antibacterial activity test in this study was carried out using the well method, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria as test microbes in this study, positive control (chloramphenicol), 20% DMSO negative control and five concentration groups namely 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.25% from methanol extract of Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam). Results: From the research results it is known that the methanol extract of Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam) is able to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with each inhibition zone at 100% concentration of 12.31 mm, 50% concentration of 10.48 mm, 25% concentration of 7.62 mm and the positive control (chloramphenicol) was 33.24 mm and the Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria at 100% concentration was 14.27 mm, 50% concentration was 11.14 mm and the positive control (chloramphenicol) was 40.6 mm.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73592587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0022
Okoyomoh Kingsley, Ernest Emeka Ngwu, Ebere Mbanaso, Melford Elendu Uche
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders causing disturbance in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrate and protein. Synthetic drugs used in the treatment of diabetes are known to have adverse effects. Thus the aim of this research work was to evaluate the anti-diabetic of ethanol leaf extract of Crateva adansonii in diabetic rats. Freshly harvested leaf of Crateva adansonii was dried and subsequently processed into extract. Twenty five (25) adult male wistar rats were divided into five groups of five rats each. Group I was the Normal control (NC), Group II was diabetic untreated rats, Group III and IV were diabetic rats treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of C. adansonii respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in blood sugar level. However, oral administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg of extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced blood sugar level compared to the level reported for the diabetic untreated Group II rats though higher than that reported for the normal control. In conclusion, it can be deduced from this study that ethanol leaf extract of C. adansonii wield anti-diabetic potential which could be enhanced with higher doses of the aforementioned extract.
{"title":"Assessment of the anti-diabetic potential of ethanol leaf extract of Crateva adansonii in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats","authors":"Okoyomoh Kingsley, Ernest Emeka Ngwu, Ebere Mbanaso, Melford Elendu Uche","doi":"10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders causing disturbance in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrate and protein. Synthetic drugs used in the treatment of diabetes are known to have adverse effects. Thus the aim of this research work was to evaluate the anti-diabetic of ethanol leaf extract of Crateva adansonii in diabetic rats. Freshly harvested leaf of Crateva adansonii was dried and subsequently processed into extract. Twenty five (25) adult male wistar rats were divided into five groups of five rats each. Group I was the Normal control (NC), Group II was diabetic untreated rats, Group III and IV were diabetic rats treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of C. adansonii respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in blood sugar level. However, oral administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg of extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced blood sugar level compared to the level reported for the diabetic untreated Group II rats though higher than that reported for the normal control. In conclusion, it can be deduced from this study that ethanol leaf extract of C. adansonii wield anti-diabetic potential which could be enhanced with higher doses of the aforementioned extract.","PeriodicalId":14144,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science Research Archive","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75408986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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