Obesity has consistently been linked to lower circulating total and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and weight loss has been shown to enhance 25(OH)D levels in individuals with obesity. We examined whether weight loss would alter total and free 25(OH)D in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, with controlled cholecalciferol intake. Mice were fed either a low-fat (LF, n = 10) or a high-fat diet (HF, n = 20). After 7 weeks, half of the HF group transitioned to a low-fat diet (HF/LF) for 5 weeks, while the other mice maintained the same diet. The HF diet for 12 weeks increased body weight, adiposity, total 25(OH)D, and PTH plasma concentrations while reducing free 25(OH)D and cholecalciferol plasma levels. The LF-fed switch in mice resulted in a decrease in body weight. By the end of the experiment, HF/LF mice were comparable to LF animals in terms of total body weight, adiposity, and plasma PTH concentration. Interestingly, weight loss normalized most parameters related to vitamin D metabolism, including adipose tissue cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D content, as well as plasma total and free 25(OH)D; however, plasma cholecalciferol levels appeared reduced in the plasma of HF/LF mice compared to LF mice. The expression of genes related to vitamin D metabolism indicated that renal and adipose tissue uptake of protein-bound vitamin D was altered in HF/LF, which may partially explain the decrease in plasma cholecalciferol after weight loss. The data demonstrate the overall reversibility of the changes induced by diet-induced obesity in vitamin D metabolism; however, they also highlight that some parameters may be impacted chronically.
背景：肥胖一直与循环总25-羟基维生素D （25(OH)D）和游离25-羟基维生素D （25(OH)D）降低有关，体重减轻已被证明可提高肥胖个体的25(OH)D水平。在控制胆骨化醇摄入量的饮食性肥胖小鼠模型中，我们研究了体重减轻是否会改变总25(OH)D和游离25(OH)D。方法：小鼠分别饲喂低脂（LF, n = 10）和高脂（HF, n = 20）饮食。7周后，HF组一半的小鼠过渡到低脂饮食（HF/LF） 5周，而其他小鼠保持相同的饮食。结果：12周的HF饮食增加了体重、肥胖、总25(OH)D和PTH血浆浓度，同时降低了游离25(OH)D和胆骨化醇血浆水平。在小鼠中，低脂喂养的开关导致体重下降。实验结束时，HF/LF小鼠在总体重、脂肪和血浆甲状旁腺激素浓度方面与LF动物相当。有趣的是，体重减轻使大多数与维生素D代谢相关的参数正常化，包括脂肪组织胆骨化醇和25(OH)D含量，以及血浆总25(OH)D和游离25(OH)D；然而，与LF小鼠相比，HF/LF小鼠血浆中胆骨化醇水平明显降低。维生素D代谢相关基因的表达表明，HF/LF患者肾脏和脂肪组织对蛋白结合维生素D的摄取发生了改变，这可能部分解释了体重减轻后血浆胆骨化醇的下降。结论：饮食性肥胖引起的维生素D代谢变化具有总体可逆性；然而，他们也强调了一些参数可能会长期受到影响。
{"title":"Weight loss normalizes plasma and adipose tissue vitamin D metabolism, and gene expression involved in the vitamin D metabolism in male mice with obesity","authors":"Lauriane Bonnet, Amine Hachemi, Esma Karkeni, Charlène Couturier, Julien Astier, Catherine Defoort, Ljubica Svilar, Franck Tourniaire, Jean-Charles Martin, Jean-François Landrier","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01953-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01953-9","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity has consistently been linked to lower circulating total and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and weight loss has been shown to enhance 25(OH)D levels in individuals with obesity. We examined whether weight loss would alter total and free 25(OH)D in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, with controlled cholecalciferol intake. Mice were fed either a low-fat (LF, n = 10) or a high-fat diet (HF, n = 20). After 7 weeks, half of the HF group transitioned to a low-fat diet (HF/LF) for 5 weeks, while the other mice maintained the same diet. The HF diet for 12 weeks increased body weight, adiposity, total 25(OH)D, and PTH plasma concentrations while reducing free 25(OH)D and cholecalciferol plasma levels. The LF-fed switch in mice resulted in a decrease in body weight. By the end of the experiment, HF/LF mice were comparable to LF animals in terms of total body weight, adiposity, and plasma PTH concentration. Interestingly, weight loss normalized most parameters related to vitamin D metabolism, including adipose tissue cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D content, as well as plasma total and free 25(OH)D; however, plasma cholecalciferol levels appeared reduced in the plasma of HF/LF mice compared to LF mice. The expression of genes related to vitamin D metabolism indicated that renal and adipose tissue uptake of protein-bound vitamin D was altered in HF/LF, which may partially explain the decrease in plasma cholecalciferol after weight loss. The data demonstrate the overall reversibility of the changes induced by diet-induced obesity in vitamin D metabolism; however, they also highlight that some parameters may be impacted chronically.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 2","pages":"421-427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1038/s41366-025-01952-w
Marie Spreckley, Cara F. Ruggiero, Adrian Brown
{"title":"Bridging the nutrition guidance gap for GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy assisted weight loss: lessons from bariatric surgery","authors":"Marie Spreckley, Cara F. Ruggiero, Adrian Brown","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01952-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01952-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 2","pages":"265-267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-025-01952-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1038/s41366-025-01959-3
Jian-Ying Wang
{"title":"Prediabetes as an indication for GLP-1 therapy. Clarifying evidence thresholds and clinical guardrails","authors":"Jian-Ying Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01959-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01959-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 2","pages":"478-478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1038/s41366-025-01955-7
Hye Won Park, Tae-Eun Kim, Sanghyun Park, Yoo Jinie Kim, Jinyoung Shin
The global increase in maternal obesity has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on offspring neurodevelopment. This study investigated the association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring using a large-scale national cohort in South Korea. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Korean National Health Information Database merged with the National Health Screening Program data. Maternal BMI, measured within three years prior to delivery, was categorized based on the Asia-Pacific guidelines. Neurodevelopmental disorders, including epilepsy, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, were identified using diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) up to five years of age. Multivariable Poisson and Cox regression models were used to estimate the relative risks and hazard ratios, adjusting for neonatal and maternal covariates. This study analyzed a cohort of 2,285,943 live births in South Korea (January 1, 2014–December 31, 2021) to assess the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. After excluding neonates lacking complete medical records or follow-up data, 779,091 neonates were included in the study. Maternal obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0) was independently associated with an elevated risk of epilepsy (adjusted hazard ratio 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08–1.18) and intellectual disability (aHR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.12–1.68), following adjustment for neonatal and maternal covariates. Maternal underweight status (BMI < 18.5) was not significantly associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Elevated maternal BMI prior to conception was independently associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and intellectual disability in offspring. The results underscore the importance of preconception weight management and support public health strategies to reduce neurodevelopmental disorders in children of mothers with overweight or obesity.
背景：全球孕产妇肥胖的增加引起了人们对其对后代神经发育的潜在影响的关注。本研究在韩国进行了一项大规模的国家队列研究，调查了母亲孕前体重指数（BMI）与后代神经发育障碍风险之间的关系。方法：我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，数据来自韩国国家健康信息数据库和国家健康筛查计划数据。产妇在分娩前三年内测量的BMI指数是根据亚太指南进行分类的。神经发育障碍，包括癫痫、脑瘫、智力残疾、自闭症谱系障碍和注意力缺陷/多动障碍，使用国际疾病分类第十版（ICD-10）中的诊断代码进行鉴定，年龄为5岁。多变量泊松和Cox回归模型用于估计相对风险和风险比，调整新生儿和产妇协变量。结果：本研究分析了韩国2,285,943例活产婴儿（2014年1月1日- 2021年12月31日）的队列，以评估母亲孕前BMI与后代神经发育障碍之间的关系。排除缺乏完整医疗记录或随访资料的新生儿后，共有779,091名新生儿纳入研究。孕妇肥胖（BMI≥30.0）与癫痫（校正危险比1.13,95% CI 1.08-1.18）和智力残疾（aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.12-1.68）风险升高独立相关，校正后为新生儿和孕妇协变量。结论：研究结果强调了孕前体重管理的重要性，并支持公共卫生策略，以减少超重或肥胖母亲所生儿童的神经发育障碍。
{"title":"Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring","authors":"Hye Won Park, Tae-Eun Kim, Sanghyun Park, Yoo Jinie Kim, Jinyoung Shin","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01955-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01955-7","url":null,"abstract":"The global increase in maternal obesity has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on offspring neurodevelopment. This study investigated the association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring using a large-scale national cohort in South Korea. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Korean National Health Information Database merged with the National Health Screening Program data. Maternal BMI, measured within three years prior to delivery, was categorized based on the Asia-Pacific guidelines. Neurodevelopmental disorders, including epilepsy, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, were identified using diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) up to five years of age. Multivariable Poisson and Cox regression models were used to estimate the relative risks and hazard ratios, adjusting for neonatal and maternal covariates. This study analyzed a cohort of 2,285,943 live births in South Korea (January 1, 2014–December 31, 2021) to assess the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. After excluding neonates lacking complete medical records or follow-up data, 779,091 neonates were included in the study. Maternal obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0) was independently associated with an elevated risk of epilepsy (adjusted hazard ratio 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08–1.18) and intellectual disability (aHR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.12–1.68), following adjustment for neonatal and maternal covariates. Maternal underweight status (BMI < 18.5) was not significantly associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Elevated maternal BMI prior to conception was independently associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and intellectual disability in offspring. The results underscore the importance of preconception weight management and support public health strategies to reduce neurodevelopmental disorders in children of mothers with overweight or obesity.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 2","pages":"435-441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-025-01955-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1038/s41366-025-01962-8
Robert F Kushner, Jamy D Ard, Thomas A Wadden, Patrick M O'Neil, Harold E Bays, Frank L Greenway, John M Jakicic, Holly R Wyatt, Yael Kenan, Liora Cohen Asaraf, Donna H Ryan
{"title":"Correction: Quality of life improvements associated with weight loss using a novel shape-shifting hydrogel capsule: RESET study results.","authors":"Robert F Kushner, Jamy D Ard, Thomas A Wadden, Patrick M O'Neil, Harold E Bays, Frank L Greenway, John M Jakicic, Holly R Wyatt, Yael Kenan, Liora Cohen Asaraf, Donna H Ryan","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01962-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01962-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1038/s41366-025-01851-0
Steven H. Belle, Susan B. Roberts, Dympna Gallagher, Maren R. Laughlin
{"title":"Introduction to the special issue describing the Physiology Of the WEight Reduced State (POWERS) Study","authors":"Steven H. Belle, Susan B. Roberts, Dympna Gallagher, Maren R. Laughlin","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01851-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01851-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-025-01851-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity has emerged as a pervasive global public health issue, and the etiology of obesity is now understood to be increasingly intricate and multifactorial, encompassing genetic predispositions, sedentary lifestyles coupled with excessive caloric intake, as well as environmental and social interactions. Recent studies have indicated a close association between SIRT4 and obesity. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its influence on obesity predominantly involve four interconnected pathways: fatty acid oxidation, adipocyte differentiation, insulin secretion, and inflammation. Furthermore, emerging studies are exploring the clinical translational potential of SIRT4. As a mitochondria-localized member of the sirtuin family, SIRT4 possesses both deacetylase and ADP-ribosyltransferase enzymatic activities. This mitochondrial enzyme is involved in metabolic regulation through modulating energy homeostasis and lipid metabolic processes, inflammatory signaling pathways, neuroendocrine regulatory networks, and the epigenetics of adipocyte differentiation. However, the lack of comprehensive synthesis and critical evaluation of existing evidence has left the precise relationship between SIRT4 and obesity incompletely understood. Therefore, this review systematically synthesizes current knowledge regarding SIRT4’s mechanistic involvement in obesity development, while evaluating clinical correlations and regulatory strategies. This review focuses on the potential of SIRT4 in the regulation of obesity and the progress in related studies. The search criteria encompass keywords related to the role of SIRT4 in physiological and biochemical processes such as lipid and energy metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, as well as its clinical applications, with a total of 63 references cited.
{"title":"The role of SIRT4 in obesity: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications","authors":"Yuchen Shi, Mengpan Cao, Kexin Wang, Guishi Qi, Fanxu Dong, Xiaozheng Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01945-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01945-9","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity has emerged as a pervasive global public health issue, and the etiology of obesity is now understood to be increasingly intricate and multifactorial, encompassing genetic predispositions, sedentary lifestyles coupled with excessive caloric intake, as well as environmental and social interactions. Recent studies have indicated a close association between SIRT4 and obesity. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its influence on obesity predominantly involve four interconnected pathways: fatty acid oxidation, adipocyte differentiation, insulin secretion, and inflammation. Furthermore, emerging studies are exploring the clinical translational potential of SIRT4. As a mitochondria-localized member of the sirtuin family, SIRT4 possesses both deacetylase and ADP-ribosyltransferase enzymatic activities. This mitochondrial enzyme is involved in metabolic regulation through modulating energy homeostasis and lipid metabolic processes, inflammatory signaling pathways, neuroendocrine regulatory networks, and the epigenetics of adipocyte differentiation. However, the lack of comprehensive synthesis and critical evaluation of existing evidence has left the precise relationship between SIRT4 and obesity incompletely understood. Therefore, this review systematically synthesizes current knowledge regarding SIRT4’s mechanistic involvement in obesity development, while evaluating clinical correlations and regulatory strategies. This review focuses on the potential of SIRT4 in the regulation of obesity and the progress in related studies. The search criteria encompass keywords related to the role of SIRT4 in physiological and biochemical processes such as lipid and energy metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, as well as its clinical applications, with a total of 63 references cited.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 2","pages":"302-308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to investigate the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and the prevalence of sarcopenia as well as sarcopenic obesity in adults. This study included 9672 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We developed an EAT-Lancet score based on 24-hour dietary recall data and grouped the participants according to the quartiles of this score. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were employed to assess the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. Additionally, mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the mediating role of inflammatory biomarkers in this relationship. Among the 9672 participants, 910 (9.41%) were identified with sarcopenia, and 607 (6.28%) were identified with sarcopenic obesity. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in the highest quartile groups were 0.72 (0.54–0.95) and 0.58 (0.42–0.82), respectively, compared to those in the lowest quartile group. A 10-point increase in the EAT-Lancet diet score was significantly associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, with OR (95% CI) of 0.90 (0.84–0.98) and 0.86 (0.79–0.93), respectively. Furthermore, white blood cell count demonstrated the strongest mediating effect on this association, followed by C-reactive protein, systemic inflammation response index and systemic inflammatory index. Our study indicated that adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, with this association partially mediated by inflammatory biomarkers.
{"title":"Association between adherence to EAT-Lancet diet and risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in adults","authors":"Liheng Chen, Yushan Liao, Zehua Li, Jing Yan, Peng Liu, Yu Sun, Wen Jin, Weibin Cheng, Jingbin Guo","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01940-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01940-0","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and the prevalence of sarcopenia as well as sarcopenic obesity in adults. This study included 9672 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We developed an EAT-Lancet score based on 24-hour dietary recall data and grouped the participants according to the quartiles of this score. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were employed to assess the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. Additionally, mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the mediating role of inflammatory biomarkers in this relationship. Among the 9672 participants, 910 (9.41%) were identified with sarcopenia, and 607 (6.28%) were identified with sarcopenic obesity. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in the highest quartile groups were 0.72 (0.54–0.95) and 0.58 (0.42–0.82), respectively, compared to those in the lowest quartile group. A 10-point increase in the EAT-Lancet diet score was significantly associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, with OR (95% CI) of 0.90 (0.84–0.98) and 0.86 (0.79–0.93), respectively. Furthermore, white blood cell count demonstrated the strongest mediating effect on this association, followed by C-reactive protein, systemic inflammation response index and systemic inflammatory index. Our study indicated that adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, with this association partially mediated by inflammatory biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 1","pages":"229-237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145488645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To use compositional data analysis to examine the associations of daily movement behaviors with body composition, and to predict changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors in preschool-aged children. 268 preschoolers were included in the cross-sectional study. An accelerometer was used to assess sedentary behavior (SB), light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA and MVPA). A parental report was used to collect sleep time. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was employed to assess body composition. Compositional linear regression analysis was employed to explore how daily movement behaviors were associated with body composition. Compositional isotemporal substitution analysis was employed to estimate changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors. 24-h movement behaviors composition significantly predicted fat-free mass index (FFMI), soft lean mass index (SLMI), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), but not fat mass index, percent body fat, and bone mineral content index. The compositional isotemporal substitution analyses consistently showed that increasing MVPA at the expenses of SB was positively associated with FFMI (+0.328 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.063~0.593), SLMI (+0.317 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.067~0.567), and SMMI (+0.254 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.091~0.417). These associations were asymmetrical: the predicted benefits to body composition from substituting SB with MVPA were smaller than the predicted detriments related to decreasing MVPA of the same magnitude. The findings highlight the importance of MVPA in improving preschoolers’ body composition. Increasing MVPA at the expenses of SB may be a strategy to improve body composition in preschoolers.
{"title":"Are reallocating time to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity associated with preschoolers’ body composition?","authors":"Zhaoxu Lu, Jin Guo, Yihua Bao, Chuo Zhao, Haowen Zhang, Wei Chen, Jiahui Chang, Shan Wang, Hongyan Guan, Yanpeng Ni, Jianwei Li, Xiaolin Zhou, Di Heng, Jianxin Wu, Fang Wang, Ting Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01939-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01939-7","url":null,"abstract":"To use compositional data analysis to examine the associations of daily movement behaviors with body composition, and to predict changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors in preschool-aged children. 268 preschoolers were included in the cross-sectional study. An accelerometer was used to assess sedentary behavior (SB), light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA and MVPA). A parental report was used to collect sleep time. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was employed to assess body composition. Compositional linear regression analysis was employed to explore how daily movement behaviors were associated with body composition. Compositional isotemporal substitution analysis was employed to estimate changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors. 24-h movement behaviors composition significantly predicted fat-free mass index (FFMI), soft lean mass index (SLMI), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), but not fat mass index, percent body fat, and bone mineral content index. The compositional isotemporal substitution analyses consistently showed that increasing MVPA at the expenses of SB was positively associated with FFMI (+0.328 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.063~0.593), SLMI (+0.317 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.067~0.567), and SMMI (+0.254 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.091~0.417). These associations were asymmetrical: the predicted benefits to body composition from substituting SB with MVPA were smaller than the predicted detriments related to decreasing MVPA of the same magnitude. The findings highlight the importance of MVPA in improving preschoolers’ body composition. Increasing MVPA at the expenses of SB may be a strategy to improve body composition in preschoolers.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 1","pages":"221-228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1038/s41366-025-01936-w
Mukharram M. Bikbov, Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva, Ellina M. Iakupova, Guzel M. Bikbova, Leisan I. Gilemzianova, Aigul M. Nizamutdinova, Anastasia V. Insapova, Diana A. Timerbulatova, Liliya R. Rakhimova, Jost B. Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
To explore the prevalence of obesity and underweight in a large region of Russia. Three population-based studies (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS; n = 5899 participants), Ural Very Old Study (UVOS; n = 1526), Ural Children Eye Study (UCES; n = 4933)) were performed in urban and rural areas in Bashkortostan/Russia. In the UEMS (n = 5899 individuals; age: 59.5 ± 10.7 years), mean BMI was 27.9 ± 5.0 kg/m2, with prevalences of overweight, obesity and underweight of 2317/5899 (39.3%; 95% CI: 38.0, 40.5), 1787/5899 (30.3%; 95% CI: 29.1, 31.5), and 50/5899 (0.8%; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.1), respectively. Higher obesity prevalence was associated with younger age, female sex, Russian ethnicity, lower educational level, shorter body height, lower prevalence of current smoking and alcohol consumption, lower serum concentration of bilirubin and high-density lipoproteins, higher blood leukocyte count, higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, higher stage of arterial hypertension, higher prevalence of a positive history of thoracic spine pain and cardiovascular disease including stroke, and higher intraocular pressure. In the UVOS (n = 1002; age: 88.5 ± 2.7 years; range: 85.0–100.6 years), mean BMI was 26.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2 with prevalences of overweight, obesity and underweight of 416/1002 (41.5%; 95% CI: 38.5, 44.6), 187/1002 (18.7%; 95% CI: 16.3, 21.1), and 16/1002 (1.6%; 95% CI: 0.8, 2.4), respectively. Higher prevalence of obesity was correlated with younger age, female sex, urban region of habitation, shorter body height, lower prevalence of any alcohol consumption, and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome. In the UCES (4906 children; age: 11.8 ± 3.1 years; range: 6–18 years), mean BMI was 18.6 ± 3.8 kg/m2 with prevalences of overweight, obesity and underweight of 722/4906 (14.7%; 95% CI: 13.7, 15.7), 374/4906 (7.6%; 95% CI: 6.9, 8.4), and 153/4906 (3.1%; 95% CI: 2.6, 3.6), respectively. Overweight/obesity prevalences among schoolchildren/adolescents were similar to mean global figures and higher than 15 years ago. Overweight/obesity prevalences in medium-aged adults (39.3% and 30.3%, respectively) and in old adults (41.5% and 18.7%, respectively) were higher than mean global figures. Associations of BMI-related parameters with other variables differed between the three generations. In old adults, higher BMI was related to metabolic syndrome but not with diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
{"title":"Prevalence of overweight, obesity and underweight and associated factors in a three-generation population-based study in a large Russian region","authors":"Mukharram M. Bikbov, Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva, Ellina M. Iakupova, Guzel M. Bikbova, Leisan I. Gilemzianova, Aigul M. Nizamutdinova, Anastasia V. Insapova, Diana A. Timerbulatova, Liliya R. Rakhimova, Jost B. Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01936-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01936-w","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the prevalence of obesity and underweight in a large region of Russia. Three population-based studies (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS; n = 5899 participants), Ural Very Old Study (UVOS; n = 1526), Ural Children Eye Study (UCES; n = 4933)) were performed in urban and rural areas in Bashkortostan/Russia. In the UEMS (n = 5899 individuals; age: 59.5 ± 10.7 years), mean BMI was 27.9 ± 5.0 kg/m2, with prevalences of overweight, obesity and underweight of 2317/5899 (39.3%; 95% CI: 38.0, 40.5), 1787/5899 (30.3%; 95% CI: 29.1, 31.5), and 50/5899 (0.8%; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.1), respectively. Higher obesity prevalence was associated with younger age, female sex, Russian ethnicity, lower educational level, shorter body height, lower prevalence of current smoking and alcohol consumption, lower serum concentration of bilirubin and high-density lipoproteins, higher blood leukocyte count, higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, higher stage of arterial hypertension, higher prevalence of a positive history of thoracic spine pain and cardiovascular disease including stroke, and higher intraocular pressure. In the UVOS (n = 1002; age: 88.5 ± 2.7 years; range: 85.0–100.6 years), mean BMI was 26.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2 with prevalences of overweight, obesity and underweight of 416/1002 (41.5%; 95% CI: 38.5, 44.6), 187/1002 (18.7%; 95% CI: 16.3, 21.1), and 16/1002 (1.6%; 95% CI: 0.8, 2.4), respectively. Higher prevalence of obesity was correlated with younger age, female sex, urban region of habitation, shorter body height, lower prevalence of any alcohol consumption, and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome. In the UCES (4906 children; age: 11.8 ± 3.1 years; range: 6–18 years), mean BMI was 18.6 ± 3.8 kg/m2 with prevalences of overweight, obesity and underweight of 722/4906 (14.7%; 95% CI: 13.7, 15.7), 374/4906 (7.6%; 95% CI: 6.9, 8.4), and 153/4906 (3.1%; 95% CI: 2.6, 3.6), respectively. Overweight/obesity prevalences among schoolchildren/adolescents were similar to mean global figures and higher than 15 years ago. Overweight/obesity prevalences in medium-aged adults (39.3% and 30.3%, respectively) and in old adults (41.5% and 18.7%, respectively) were higher than mean global figures. Associations of BMI-related parameters with other variables differed between the three generations. In old adults, higher BMI was related to metabolic syndrome but not with diabetes mellitus and hypertension.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"50 2","pages":"365-377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145438125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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