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The Variation of Chemical Constituents across Altitudes in the Himalayan Kumaon Region: Exploring Nature's Wonders 喜马拉雅山脉库蒙地区不同海拔的化学成分差异:探索大自然的奥妙
Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i4.516
Bharat Pandey, Kamal K Pande, Lata Pande
This article investigates the variation in chemical constituents at different altitudes in the Himalayan region, specifically focusing on the Kumaon region. The study aims to understand the impact of altitude on the chemical composition of plants and its implications for ecological interactions and human health. Extensive field surveys were conducted across various altitudes, and plant samples were collected for chemical analysis. The results revealed significant variations in the chemical constituents of plants at different altitudes, including secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. The study also identified specific altitude-dependent patterns, with certain compounds being more abundant or absent at particular altitudes. These variations in chemical constituents can be attributed to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and solar radiation, which change with altitude. The findings highlight the importance of considering altitude as a key factor in studying the chemical ecology of the Himalayan region. Understanding these variations can have significant implications for conservation efforts, pharmaceutical research, and traditional medicine practices in the region. Further research is needed to explore the ecological and physiological mechanisms underlying these altitude-related variations in chemical constituents.
这篇文章调查了喜马拉雅地区不同海拔高度的化学成分变化,尤其侧重于库蒙地区。研究旨在了解海拔高度对植物化学成分的影响及其对生态互动和人类健康的影响。研究人员在不同海拔地区进行了广泛的实地调查,并采集了植物样本进行化学分析。结果显示,不同海拔高度植物的化学成分存在明显差异,包括生物碱、黄酮类化合物和酚类化合物等次级代谢物。研究还发现了与海拔有关的特定模式,即某些化合物在特定海拔地区含量较高或不存在。这些化学成分的变化可归因于温度、湿度和太阳辐射等环境因素,而这些因素会随着海拔高度的变化而变化。研究结果突出表明,在研究喜马拉雅地区的化学生态学时,将海拔高度作为一个关键因素非常重要。了解这些变化会对该地区的保护工作、药物研究和传统医药实践产生重大影响。还需要进一步的研究来探索这些与海拔有关的化学成分变化背后的生态和生理机制。
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引用次数: 0
Momordica charantia (bitter gourd), a potent antidiabetic phytomedicine 苦瓜,一种有效的抗糖尿病植物药
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i3.492
Anil Kumar Anil, Krishanu Samanta
Gourd bitter Grown mostly in India, China, and Southeast Asia, the tropical creeping plant known as or bitter melon. Its edible fruit is the primary reason for the plant's cultivation. Because of their bitter flavour, bitter gourds are not well-liked. The fruits of the Cucurbitaceae family plant Momordica charantia are a good source of a number of important nutrients. Over sixty phytomedicines, including blood purifiers, antioxidants, anticancer agents, and diabetes inhibitors, are present in the entire plant. In-depth information about the nutritional elements, different bioactive substances, and significant nutraceutical qualities of the bitter gourd plant in relation to diabetes are attempted to be provided in this review.
主要生长在印度、中国和东南亚,是一种热带爬行植物,被称为苦瓜。其可食用的果实是种植这种植物的主要原因。苦瓜味道苦,不太受欢迎。瓜科植物苦瓜的果实是许多重要营养物质的良好来源。超过60种植物药物,包括血液净化剂、抗氧化剂、抗癌剂和糖尿病抑制剂,存在于整个植物中。本文就苦瓜植物的营养成分、不同的生物活性物质和重要的营养保健品质与糖尿病的关系作一综述。
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引用次数: 0
Green synthesis of nano particles from biodegradable waste extracts and their applications 生物可降解废弃物萃取物绿色合成纳米颗粒及其应用
Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i3.462
Hari Krishna Ponduru, Chandra Sekhara Rao Gurubilli, Sowmya Mudunuru, Dileepu Kumar Banisetti
Nanoparticles have become a significant component of advancing industries from technology to medicine and the environment. However, the synthesis of nanoparticles can impact their ability to function effectively within real-world applications, and this can cause negative consequences. This novel approach that utilizes processes such as regulation, control, clean-up, and remediation aims to increase the eco-friendly level of these essential particles. By reducing harmful by-products produced through the process of conventional nanoparticle synthesis, there will be less toxic unsustainable products created. The use of natural resources such as organic systems will aid in achieving the goal of creating a greener and more sustainable economy; however, it will require industrial assistance with the adoption of these alternative approaches. Metallic nanoparticles can be synthesized in a more sustainable and ‘green’ process through utilizing plant alternatives or biological materials such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and plant extracts. This greener approach can be a single step or ‘one pot’ process which requires a lower energy level than conventional processes. Another benefit is that this reduction method is more cost-efficient. Green-synthesized nanoparticles have clinical applications. When silver nanoparticles were treated against S. aureus, their antibacterial activity was at its peak. Nanoparticles used as drug carriers are highly stable, can incorporate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances, and can be delivered via a variety of routes also including oral application and inhalation.
纳米粒子已经成为从技术到医药和环境等先进工业的重要组成部分。然而,纳米颗粒的合成会影响它们在实际应用中有效发挥作用的能力,这可能会导致负面后果。这种新颖的方法利用了监管、控制、清理和补救等过程,旨在提高这些基本颗粒的环保水平。通过减少传统纳米粒子合成过程中产生的有害副产品,将会产生更少毒性的不可持续产品。使用有机系统等自然资源将有助于实现创造更环保和更可持续经济的目标;但是,采用这些替代办法将需要工业援助。金属纳米颗粒可以通过利用植物替代品或细菌、真菌、藻类和植物提取物等生物材料,以更可持续和“绿色”的方式合成。这种更环保的方法可以是一步或“一锅”过程,比传统过程需要更低的能量水平。另一个好处是,这种减少方法更具成本效益。绿色合成纳米颗粒具有临床应用价值。纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性达到峰值。用作药物载体的纳米颗粒具有高度稳定性,可以结合疏水和亲水物质,并且可以通过多种途径递送,包括口服和吸入。
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引用次数: 2
Warburgia Ugandensis: A Review of Compounds and Bioactivity 乌干达野檀:化合物及生物活性研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i2.457
Sylvia Opiyo
Warburgia species (Canellaceae) are traditionally used to treat a wide range of illnesses including stomach ache, diarrhea, abdominal pains, toothache, oral thrush, venereal diseases, cold and cough, fever, muscle pains, weak joints, skin diseases, malaria, parasitic infections and snake bite. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants have been linked to the secondary metabolites which are biosynthesized by the plants. The aim of this study was to review the bioactivities and chemical composition of Warburgia ugandensis. The findings from this study show that extracts from the plant have antifungal, antibacterial, antiulcer, insect antifeedant, molluscicidal, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and anti-plasmoidal effects. The most investigated part of W. ugandensis is the stem bark (22 articles) followed by leaves (15), root bark (6), seeds (2) and fruits (2). All parts the plant have important bioactivities. Sixty nine compounds have been reported from the plant including sesquiterpenes (43), flavonoids (15), lignanamides, and macrocyclic glycosides (10) and fatty acid (1) some of which have demonstrated different bioactivities. The drimane sesquiterpenes are the main class of sesquiterpenes in the plant. The Further investigation of the not well studied parts of the plant such as the flowers and fruits is recommended to determine their chemical composition and efficacy in disease management.
缬草属植物(Canellaceae)传统上用于治疗各种疾病,包括胃痛、腹泻、腹痛、牙痛、鹅口疮、性病、感冒和咳嗽、发烧、肌肉痛、关节无力、皮肤病、疟疾、寄生虫感染和蛇咬伤。药用植物的治疗特性与植物生物合成的次生代谢物有关。本文对乌干达沃布贾的生物活性和化学成分进行了综述。本研究结果表明,该植物提取物具有抗真菌、抗菌、抗溃疡、防虫、杀螺、抗真菌、抗利什曼原虫和抗浆虫等作用。研究最多的部分是乌干达白檀的茎皮(22篇),其次是叶(15篇),根皮(6篇),种子(2篇)和果实(2篇)。所有部分都具有重要的生物活性。从该植物中已报道了69种化合物,包括倍半萜烯(43)、类黄酮(15)、木脂素酰胺、大环苷(10)和脂肪酸(1),其中一些已显示出不同的生物活性。驱动型倍半萜是植物中主要的一类倍半萜。建议对植物未被充分研究的部分,如花和果实进行进一步调查,以确定其化学成分和病害管理功效。
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引用次数: 0
Ethno pharmacological survey in the MifiDivision (Cameroon) mifi司(喀麦隆)民族药理学调查
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i2.451
Yimta Foutse Wandji, DarillN goubeyou Teukam, Anselme Michel Yawat Djogang, E. Djoko, F. Nguimatsia, D. Wouessidjewe
Our study took place in the Mifi Division, western Cameroon. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal plants used in this Division. To carry out this survey, we used three methods to collect data: the field study, the comparative study and the interview of traditional healers from a pre-established list. We interviewed 15 traditional healers who were recommended to us by traditional chiefs, some churchmen and health workers. The interviews with 15 traditional healers yielded 39 plants in Bafoussam, 62 plants in Baleng, 20 plants in Bamougoum, 12 plants in Bapi and 16 plants in Badeng. There is a similarity in magnitude in the use of herbs between infectious, childhood and general traumatic pathologies respectively 17.54% and 15.78%. This represents the highest percentage of plant use in this Division. Gynaecological and obstetrical diseases come in third place with 14.03% of plants used. Then come the pathologies of the otorhinolaryngological system with a use of 10.52% of plants. Nervous system pathologies use 7.01%. Parasitic pathologies are treated by 5.20% of the plants. Dermatological and cardiovascular pathologies use 3.50% of plants respectively. Finally, viral and gastro-enteritis diseases are treated with 5.20% of plants each. The Plants species collected will certainly contribute to the production of the original traditional pharmacopoeia. The 149 plants mentioned above would form the basis for the development of improved traditional medicines for start.
我们的研究在喀麦隆西部的Mifi区进行。本研究的目的是确定该部门使用的药用植物。为了开展这项调查,我们采用了三种收集数据的方法:实地调查、比较研究和从预先建立的名单中采访传统治疗师。我们采访了15位传统治疗师,他们是由传统酋长、一些神职人员和卫生工作者推荐给我们的。对15名传统治疗师的采访发现,巴富萨姆有39株植物,巴棱有62株植物,巴穆古姆有20株植物,巴皮有12株植物,巴登有16株植物。感染性病理、儿童期病理和一般创伤性病理中使用草药的幅度相似,分别为17.54%和15.78%。这是本司使用植物的最高百分比。妇科和产科疾病排在第三位,占使用植物的14.03%。其次是耳鼻咽喉系统的病理学,植物的使用率为10.52%。神经系统病变占7.01%。5.20%的植物能治疗寄生虫病。皮肤病和心血管疾病分别使用了3.50%的植物。最后,病毒性疾病和胃肠炎各占5.20%。所收集的植物种类肯定有助于制作原始的传统药典。上述149种植物将成为开发改良传统药物的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of Ni, Co, and Cu Metal Complexes with Heterocyclic Compounds 含杂环化合物的镍、钴和铜金属配合物的合成、表征和生物学评价
Pub Date : 2023-05-20 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i2.445
Chandra Sekhara Rao Gurubilli, Sowmya Mudunuru, S. G, V. G
Two new clinically active Schiff bases and their transition metal complexes were synthesized and studied by different spectroscopic and physicochemical methods like NMR, IR, UV-Visible, ESR, TGA, XRD, mass, elemental analysis, molar conductivity and magnetic character. Synthesized complexes and Schiff bases were assessed for invitro antituberculosis activity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ATCC–27294) and for antimicrobial activity against drug resistant ESBL (Extended Spectrum β-lactamase) and MBL (Metallo β-lactamase) producing microbial strains. The biological activity of Schiff base was found to improve in presence of transition metal ions. Among the studied metal complexes, copper complexes displayed superior biological activity against all of the microbial strains. Binary complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co (II) ions have been synthesized by reacting metal salts with a Schiff base, 2-((E)-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylimino)methyl)-4-methoxyphenol (MIIMMP) in an alcoholic medium. All the metal complexes and schiff base have been characterized by using elemental analysis, IR, UV-VIS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Mass, ESR spectral data, magnetic moments, TG, and DTA studies. Based on the analytical, spectral data and molecular modeling studies, Ni (II) and Co (II) metal complexes have octahedral geometry, whereas Cu(II) complex has tetragonal geometry. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the Schiff base and its metal complexes were studied on bacteria, fungi, and human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa).
采用NMR、IR、uv -可见、ESR、TGA、XRD、质量、元素分析、摩尔电导率和磁性等不同的光谱和物理化学方法,合成了两种新的临床活性席夫碱及其过渡金属配合物。研究了合成的配合物和Schiff碱基对结核分枝杆菌(ATCC-27294)的体外抗结核活性,以及对耐药的ESBL (Extended Spectrum β-内酰胺酶)和MBL (Metallo β-内酰胺酶)产生菌的体外抗结核活性。在过渡金属离子的存在下,希夫碱的生物活性得到了提高。在所研究的金属配合物中,铜配合物对所有微生物菌株都表现出良好的生物活性。用金属盐与席夫碱2-((E)-(5-甲基异恶唑-3-酰基)甲基)-4-甲氧基苯酚(MIIMMP)在酒精介质中反应,合成了Cu(II)、Ni(II)和Co (II)离子二元配合物。通过元素分析、IR、UV-VIS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、质量谱、ESR谱、磁矩、TG和DTA等方法对金属配合物和席夫碱进行了表征。基于分析、光谱数据和分子模型研究,Ni (II)和Co (II)金属配合物具有八面体几何结构,而Cu(II)金属配合物具有四方几何结构。研究了希夫碱及其金属配合物对细菌、真菌和人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)的抑菌活性和细胞毒活性。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of biologically active compounds derived from natural products 从天然产物中合成具有生物活性的化合物
Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i2.444
Sowmya Mudunuru, Chandra Sekhara Rao Gurubilli, V. G, S. G
Natural products and their structural analogues have historically made a major contribution to pharmacotherapy, especially for cancer and infectious diseases. Nevertheless, natural products also present challenges for drug discovery, such as technical barriers to screening, isolation, characterization and optimization, which contributed to a decline in their pursuit by the pharmaceutical industry from the 1990s onwards. In recent years, several technological and scientific developments including improved analytical tools, genome mining and engineering strategies, and microbial culturing advances are addressing such challenges and opening up new opportunities. Consequently, interest in natural products as drug leads is being revitalized, particularly for tackling antimicrobial resistance. Here, we summarize recent technological developments that are enabling natural product-based drug discovery, highlight selected applications and discuss key opportunities.The first total synthesis and development of a variety of bioactive natural products have been accomplished by using carbohydrates as a chiral source. In addition, practically useful intermediates have been created, analogs of natural products have been prepared, their structure-activity relationships studied, and the large-scale preparations of medicinally useful compounds established.
天然产物及其结构类似物在历史上对药物治疗做出了重大贡献,特别是对癌症和传染病。然而,天然产物也对药物发现提出了挑战,例如筛选、分离、表征和优化方面的技术障碍,这导致制药工业从1990年代起减少了对天然产物的追求。近年来,一些技术和科学的发展,包括改进的分析工具,基因组挖掘和工程策略,以及微生物培养的进步,正在解决这些挑战并开辟新的机会。因此,对天然产物作为药物先导的兴趣正在恢复,特别是在处理抗菌素耐药性方面。在这里,我们总结了最近的技术发展,使天然产品为基础的药物发现,重点选择的应用和讨论的关键机会。利用碳水化合物作为手性来源,首次实现了多种生物活性天然产物的全合成和开发。此外,实际有用的中间体已经被创造出来,天然产物的类似物已经被制备出来,它们的结构-活性关系已经被研究,药用化合物的大规模制备已经建立。
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引用次数: 0
In-vitro anthelmintic activity and phytochemical screening of Rubia cordifolia L. root extracts 芦花根提取物体外驱虫活性及植物化学筛选
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i1.419
Rubia cordifolia L. commonly known as Manjistha have been traditionally use as an Ayurvedic medicines for the treatment of various kind of diseases like dysentery, colic pain, blood purification, chest pains and related inflammatory conditions in India as well as at the various parts of the worlds. Beside its folk uses, the scientific studies revealing its application as effective anthelmintic agent is not studied scientifically yet. So, in search for the effective anthelmintic agent, R. cordifolia roots were investigated for in-vitro anthelmintic activity. In this study, the petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts were tested against adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) along with phytochemical screening to determine the most possible constituents responsible for the activity. In this study we found that, the petroleum ether and chloroform extract had finest activity against adult earthworms as compared to other extracts. Said in-vitro anthelmintic activity was proposed due to its richness of variety of chemical constituents like alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and anthraquinone glycosides. 
在印度和世界各地,通常被称为Manjistha的Rubia cordifolia L.传统上被用作阿育吠陀药物,用于治疗各种疾病,如痢疾、绞痛、血液净化、胸痛和相关的炎症。除民间用途外,科学研究表明其作为有效驱虫剂的应用尚未得到科学研究。因此,为了寻找有效的驱虫剂,研究了堇青花根的体外驱虫剂活性。在这项研究中,石油醚,氯仿,丙酮,乙醇和水提取物对成年蚯蚓(后生蚯蚓)进行了测试,并进行了植物化学筛选,以确定最可能的活性成分。在本研究中,我们发现石油醚和氯仿提取物与其他提取物相比,对成虫的活性最好。由于其丰富多样的化学成分,如生物碱、类固醇、黄酮类、萜类、单宁和蒽醌苷等,提出了体外驱虫药活性。
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引用次数: 0
Overall review on analytical method development and validation of Dasatinib 达沙替尼分析方法发展及验证综述
Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i1.432
Mohana Vamsi Nuli, Vijay Kumar Rekulapally
In this review article determines the different analytical methods for the quantitative establishment of Dasatinib by using HPLC, HPLCMS, HPLC-UV, LC-MS/MS. Pharmaceutical analytical method development of Dasatinib requires valid analytical procedures for quantitative and qualitative analysis in Pharmaceuticals dosage formulations and human serum. This assessment explains that the superiority of the HPLC/LC-MS methods reviewed is based on the quantitative analysis of drugs in formulations, (API), biological fluids such as serum and plasma.
本文确定了HPLC、HPLCMS、HPLC- uv、LC-MS/MS等分析方法建立达沙替尼的定量分析方法。达沙替尼的药物分析方法的发展需要有效的分析方法来定量和定性分析药物剂量配方和人血清。这一评价说明,所审查的HPLC/LC-MS方法的优越性是基于对制剂中的药物(原料药)、血清和血浆等生物液体的定量分析。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation Of [1,2,4 ]-Triazole-3yl]Sulfanyl Acetamide Derivative [1,2,4]-三唑-3基]磺胺酰乙酰胺衍生物的合成、表征及生物学评价
Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.46796/ijpc.v4i1.429
Santanu Kumar Hotta, S. Rout, Anjan Kumar
A significant portion of recent papers is in the field of Mercapto substituted Triazole moiety  received considerable attention in the literature.Characterization and Antibacterial activity against important medically Gram positive Bacteria likely Actinomyces, Clostridium, Mycobacterium, Strptococci, Staphylococci and Nocardia.Triazole is a class of N-Bridged  Heterocyclic compounds especially in Chemotherapy. Triazole moiety seems to be very small but 1,2,4-Triazole derivatives have wide range of potential antibacterial activities against drug-resistant pathogens.Hybridization shows a high potential to develop novel drugs,reduce toxicity,and improve Pharmacokinetic profiles.More effective antibacterial studies might be obtained by the hybridization of  1,2,4-Triazole  mercapto moiety. A number of clinically effective antibacterial drugs become more effective. Therefore, we shed, herein, more light on novel synthetic drug and its antibacterial activity.
近年来在该领域的论文中有相当一部分是巯基取代三唑的部分得到了相当多的文献关注。对重要的医学革兰氏阳性菌如放线菌、梭状芽孢杆菌、分枝杆菌、链球菌、葡萄球菌和诺卡菌的抑菌活性研究。三唑是一类n -桥接杂环类化合物,在化学治疗中应用尤为广泛。虽然三唑的部分看起来很小,但1,2,4-三唑衍生物对耐药病原菌具有广泛的潜在抗菌活性。杂交在开发新药、降低毒性和改善药代动力学方面显示出很高的潜力。1,2,4-三唑巯基杂化可以获得更有效的抗菌研究。一些临床有效的抗菌药物变得更加有效。因此,本文对新型合成药物及其抗菌活性进行了进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry
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