Pub Date : 2020-05-27DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.115031
O. Szász, A. Szász
Lifetime analyses frequently apply a parametric functional description from measured data of the Kaplan-Meier non-parametric estimate (KM) of the survival probability. The cumulative Weibull distribution function (WF) is the primary choice to parametrize the KM. but some others (e.g. Gompertz, logistic functions) are also widely applied. We show that the cumulative two-parametric Weibull function meets all requirements. The Weibull function is the consequence of the general self-organizing behavior of the survival, and consequently shows self-similar death-rate as a function of the time. The ontogenic universality as well as the universality of tumor-growth fits to WF. WF parametrization needs two independent parameters, which could be obtained from the median and mean values of KM estimate, which makes an easy parametric approximation of the KM plot. The entropy of the distribution and the other entropy descriptions are supporting the parametrization validity well. The goal is to find the most appropriate mining of the inherent information in KM-plots. The two-parameter WF fits to the non-parametric KM survival curve in a real study of 1180 cancer patients offering satisfactory description of the clinical results. Two of the 3 characteristic parameters of the KM plot (namely the points of median, mean or inflection) are enough to reconstruct the parametric fit, which gives support of the comparison of survival curves of different patient’s groups.
{"title":"Parametrization of Survival Measures, Part I: Consequences of Self-Organizing","authors":"O. Szász, A. Szász","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.115031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.115031","url":null,"abstract":"Lifetime analyses frequently apply a parametric functional description from measured data of the Kaplan-Meier non-parametric estimate (KM) of the survival probability. The cumulative Weibull distribution function (WF) is the primary choice to parametrize the KM. but some others (e.g. Gompertz, logistic functions) are also widely applied. We show that the cumulative two-parametric Weibull function meets all requirements. The Weibull function is the consequence of the general self-organizing behavior of the survival, and consequently shows self-similar death-rate as a function of the time. The ontogenic universality as well as the universality of tumor-growth fits to WF. WF parametrization needs two independent parameters, which could be obtained from the median and mean values of KM estimate, which makes an easy parametric approximation of the KM plot. The entropy of the distribution and the other entropy descriptions are supporting the parametrization validity well. The goal is to find the most appropriate mining of the inherent information in KM-plots. The two-parameter WF fits to the non-parametric KM survival curve in a real study of 1180 cancer patients offering satisfactory description of the clinical results. Two of the 3 characteristic parameters of the KM plot (namely the points of median, mean or inflection) are enough to reconstruct the parametric fit, which gives support of the comparison of survival curves of different patient’s groups.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78234413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-27DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.115021
R. Zeng, Shuyu Huang, S. Liao
As a product in the process of insulin synthesis, C-peptide’s physiological function is still not very clear. Recent studies have shown that C-peptide has many potential cell targets and has biological effects on a variety of tissue systems in humans and other animals. In this paper, the effects of C-peptide on diabetic complications, reproductive endocrine system, blood system, tissue repair, and neoplastic diseases were reviewed to provide references for further clarification of c-peptide related problems.
{"title":"Research Progress of C-Peptide and Its Physiological Function","authors":"R. Zeng, Shuyu Huang, S. Liao","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.115021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.115021","url":null,"abstract":"As a product in the process of insulin synthesis, C-peptide’s physiological function is still not very clear. Recent studies have shown that C-peptide has many potential cell targets and has biological effects on a variety of tissue systems in humans and other animals. In this paper, the effects of C-peptide on diabetic complications, reproductive endocrine system, blood system, tissue repair, and neoplastic diseases were reviewed to provide references for further clarification of c-peptide related problems.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88630456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-27DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.115025
Haihua Zou, Xue Gong, Siyun Wang, Weiju Chen
Objective: To establish an evaluation index system for the first-time certification of diabetes specialist nurses in line with the clinical nursing practice in China, and to provide a reference basis for government administrations and hospitals to formulate unified standards. Methods: After the research team has determined the theme, it will consult the development of A) specialist nursing through the library, Internet and electronic literature database; B) the history of the development of specialist nurses in diabetes and other fields; C) the selection criteria of specialist nurses; D) the training of specialist nurses system, assessment method; E) Specialist nurse certification body, evaluation standards and certification standards and other related documents, literature, books and report materials. The author established the preliminary index system through literature review, specialist interview and group discussion and used Delphi method to organize three rounds of 30 experts’ consultations. Results: A first certification evaluation index system including 8 fundamental indicators, 5 first-level indicators, 19 second-level indicators and 99 third-level indicators was constructed for diabetes nurses. Conclusion: The results of three rounds of expert consultation and demonstration are reliable, and the constructed index system is suitable for comprehensive evaluation of diabetes specialist nurses, which provides a basis for the effective management of nursing resources.
{"title":"Construction of the First Certification Evaluation Index System for Diabetes Specialist Nurses by Delphi Method","authors":"Haihua Zou, Xue Gong, Siyun Wang, Weiju Chen","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.115025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.115025","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To establish an evaluation index system for the first-time certification of diabetes specialist nurses in line with the clinical nursing practice in China, and to provide a reference basis for government administrations and hospitals to formulate unified standards. Methods: After the research team has determined the theme, it will consult the development of A) specialist nursing through the library, Internet and electronic literature database; B) the history of the development of specialist nurses in diabetes and other fields; C) the selection criteria of specialist nurses; D) the training of specialist nurses system, assessment method; E) Specialist nurse certification body, evaluation standards and certification standards and other related documents, literature, books and report materials. The author established the preliminary index system through literature review, specialist interview and group discussion and used Delphi method to organize three rounds of 30 experts’ consultations. Results: A first certification evaluation index system including 8 fundamental indicators, 5 first-level indicators, 19 second-level indicators and 99 third-level indicators was constructed for diabetes nurses. Conclusion: The results of three rounds of expert consultation and demonstration are reliable, and the constructed index system is suitable for comprehensive evaluation of diabetes specialist nurses, which provides a basis for the effective management of nursing resources.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91500978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-30DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.114019
M. Oishi, Mina Yasuda, Mao Chikamatsu, Rena Akiyama, M. Yamamoto, Keisuke Terakawa, Yumi Suzuki, Mizuki Ando, Mariko Shimada, T. Kumagai, Akiko Nakayama
Objective: The effects of semi-solid enteral formula were investigated in tube feeding patients with aspiration pneumonia and/or diarrhea caused by liquid enteral formula. Methods: In 25 cases of aspiration pneumonia and 10 cases of diarrhea (5 cases had both aspiration pneumonia and diarrhea) caused by liquid enteral formula, the rate of improvement by changing the liquid enteral formula to semi-solid enteral formula was studied. The semi-solid enteral formula (PG Soft® EJ) was infused via the nasogastric tube (16Fr) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube (20Fr). Results: The semi-solid enteral formula was effective in 72% of aspiration pneumonia cases and in 80% of diarrhea cases. Constipation was observed in one case but was controlled with magnesium oxide. Conclusion: In cases of aspiration pneumonia and/or diarrhea, changing liquid enteral formula to semi-solid enteral formula frequently shows improvement.
{"title":"Effects of Semi-Solid Enteral Formula on Aspiration Pneumonia and Diarrhea","authors":"M. Oishi, Mina Yasuda, Mao Chikamatsu, Rena Akiyama, M. Yamamoto, Keisuke Terakawa, Yumi Suzuki, Mizuki Ando, Mariko Shimada, T. Kumagai, Akiko Nakayama","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.114019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.114019","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The effects of semi-solid enteral formula were investigated in tube feeding patients with aspiration pneumonia and/or diarrhea caused by liquid enteral formula. Methods: In 25 cases of aspiration pneumonia and 10 cases of diarrhea (5 cases had both aspiration pneumonia and diarrhea) caused by liquid enteral formula, the rate of improvement by changing the liquid enteral formula to semi-solid enteral formula was studied. The semi-solid enteral formula (PG Soft® EJ) was infused via the nasogastric tube (16Fr) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube (20Fr). Results: The semi-solid enteral formula was effective in 72% of aspiration pneumonia cases and in 80% of diarrhea cases. Constipation was observed in one case but was controlled with magnesium oxide. Conclusion: In cases of aspiration pneumonia and/or diarrhea, changing liquid enteral formula to semi-solid enteral formula frequently shows improvement.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82173291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-30DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.114015
Yi Shi, X. Pang, Zhiping Ma, W. Cui, Yuqing Ma, Wei Zhang
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that links extracellular signals to the control of cell survival, growth, proliferation and differentiation. EGFR has been a therapeutic target for human malignancies, due to its frequent hyperactivation, therefore, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of EGFR mutation, and identify patients who are likely to benefit from EGFR mutation. In this study, we examined 766 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (675 tissue, 83 thoracic water precipitation and 8 plasma samples) tested in pathology department of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2013 to 2017 by using ARMS-PCR method. The correlation between EGFR mutations and clinical pathological features was further explored. Subgroup analyses according to ethnicity, histological type, sample type, and tumour grade were done. Subgroup analyses showed the mutation rate of tumor tissue, thoracic water precipitation and plasm was 30.5%, 37.3%, 50.0% respectively. We found female (p < 0.0001), no smoking (p < 0.001), adenocarcinoma (p < 0.0001), and tissue specimens (Tobacco use) were associated with higher EGFR mutation rate. The most common mutations were exon 19 deletions (47.30%) and L858R point (42.32%) mutation. We have not found any differences between EGFR mutations and ethnic groups especially. In addition, we did not find differences in common mutations and rare sensitive mutations in the survival of targeted therapies.
{"title":"Mutation Analysis of EGFR Gene in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Xinjiang","authors":"Yi Shi, X. Pang, Zhiping Ma, W. Cui, Yuqing Ma, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.114015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.114015","url":null,"abstract":"The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that links extracellular signals to the control of cell survival, growth, proliferation and differentiation. EGFR has been a therapeutic target for human malignancies, due to its frequent hyperactivation, therefore, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of EGFR mutation, and identify patients who are likely to benefit from EGFR mutation. In this study, we examined 766 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (675 tissue, 83 thoracic water precipitation and 8 plasma samples) tested in pathology department of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2013 to 2017 by using ARMS-PCR method. The correlation between EGFR mutations and clinical pathological features was further explored. Subgroup analyses according to ethnicity, histological type, sample type, and tumour grade were done. Subgroup analyses showed the mutation rate of tumor tissue, thoracic water precipitation and plasm was 30.5%, 37.3%, 50.0% respectively. We found female (p < 0.0001), no smoking (p < 0.001), adenocarcinoma (p < 0.0001), and tissue specimens (Tobacco use) were associated with higher EGFR mutation rate. The most common mutations were exon 19 deletions (47.30%) and L858R point (42.32%) mutation. We have not found any differences between EGFR mutations and ethnic groups especially. In addition, we did not find differences in common mutations and rare sensitive mutations in the survival of targeted therapies.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78449664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-02DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.113010
C. Ran, Guangwei Gong
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been used in various surgical professions in recent years and is widely accepted by doctors. This concept not only helps patients speed up postoperative recovery, reduce the incidence of related complications and shorten hospital stays, but also has been proved to be effective and safe in the perioperative application of gastric cancer. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of enhanced recovery after surgery in the perioperative period of advanced gastric cancer in the elderly.
{"title":"Clinical Application and Research Progress of Accelerated Rehabilitation Surgery in Perioperative Period of Advanced Gastric Cancer in the Elderly","authors":"C. Ran, Guangwei Gong","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.113010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.113010","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been used in various surgical professions in recent years and is widely accepted by doctors. This concept not only helps patients speed up postoperative recovery, reduce the incidence of related complications and shorten hospital stays, but also has been proved to be effective and safe in the perioperative application of gastric cancer. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of enhanced recovery after surgery in the perioperative period of advanced gastric cancer in the elderly.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77306062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-02DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.113013
Y. Kuo, Chia-Jung Lee, Hsing-Mei Wu, Chung-Yu Hao, Yung Liu, Y. Tsai
Background: Several large series have established endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery as the procedure of choice for removal of tumors in the sellar area. Although this procedure provides a less invasive approach to the sella, it entails complications such as nasal bleeding, impaired olfactory function, atrophic rhinitis, synechiae, etc. No studies have yet reported potential morbidities such as empty nose syndrome (ENS), although patients have a relatively empty nasal cavity after surgery. Therefore, we sought to verify the percentage of patients who truly met the diagnostic criteria for ENS after endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery, determine the variation between pre- and postoperative scores in each Empty Nose Syndrome 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) item, and further evaluate the symptoms that may affect the patients the most after surgery. Methods: Between March 2015 and January 2019, eventually 11 patients who underwent extended endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery in Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, a tertiary referral medical center in Taipei, Taiwan, were enrolled. The patients completed the recently validated ENS6Q after surgery. Results: One patient met the objective diagnostic criteria for ENS (score ≥ 11 in ENS6Q). Significant differences were observed in the pre- and postoperative total ENS6Q scores. The pre- and postoperative scores of “nose feeling too open” and nasal crusting showed statistically significant differences. Further, compared with the other items, the postoperative score of nasal crusting increased most obviously, and it may be the most apparent operation-related symptom. Conclusion: This study is the first to report the possibility of developing ENS after endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery. Although the transnasal endoscopic approach is a safe and minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of sellar lesions, possible complications such as ENS should be considered.
{"title":"Evaluation of Empty Nose Syndrome Scores in Patients Undergoing Extended Endoscopic Transnasal Sellar Surgery","authors":"Y. Kuo, Chia-Jung Lee, Hsing-Mei Wu, Chung-Yu Hao, Yung Liu, Y. Tsai","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.113013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.113013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several large series have established endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery as the procedure of choice for removal of tumors in the sellar area. Although this procedure provides a less invasive approach to the sella, it entails complications such as nasal bleeding, impaired olfactory function, atrophic rhinitis, synechiae, etc. No studies have yet reported potential morbidities such as empty nose syndrome (ENS), although patients have a relatively empty nasal cavity after surgery. Therefore, we sought to verify the percentage of patients who truly met the diagnostic criteria for ENS after endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery, determine the variation between pre- and postoperative scores in each Empty Nose Syndrome 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) item, and further evaluate the symptoms that may affect the patients the most after surgery. Methods: Between March 2015 and January 2019, eventually 11 patients who underwent extended endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery in Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, a tertiary referral medical center in Taipei, Taiwan, were enrolled. The patients completed the recently validated ENS6Q after surgery. Results: One patient met the objective diagnostic criteria for ENS (score ≥ 11 in ENS6Q). Significant differences were observed in the pre- and postoperative total ENS6Q scores. The pre- and postoperative scores of “nose feeling too open” and nasal crusting showed statistically significant differences. Further, compared with the other items, the postoperative score of nasal crusting increased most obviously, and it may be the most apparent operation-related symptom. Conclusion: This study is the first to report the possibility of developing ENS after endoscopic transnasal sellar surgery. Although the transnasal endoscopic approach is a safe and minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of sellar lesions, possible complications such as ENS should be considered.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73998113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-11DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.112007
Wenfu Zhou, Weimin Li
Liver is the most common metastasis target organ in the late stage of colorectal cancer. More than 50% of colorectal cancer patients will have simultaneous or heterochronous liver metastasis. The survival time of patients with colorectal cancer and liver metastasis (CRLM) is short; not all patients can get radical resection of liver metastasis. For this part of patients, microwave ablation technology has been proved to be one of the effective methods for the treatment of liver metastasis. Laparoscopic B-ultrasound ablation also highlights a lot of minimally invasive advantages; this paper reviews the relevant literature of PubMed database, Wanfang database and CNKI database, in order to provide the treatment basis for clinical application of microwave ablation technology under laparoscopic B-ultrasound in the treatment of CRLM. The results showed that the safety and effectiveness of microwave ablation for liver metastases under the location of B-ultrasonic laparoscopy were confirmed, and patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer who could not be resected could choose this treatment.
{"title":"The Application of Laparoscopic B-Ultrasound Microwave Ablation Technology in Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Wenfu Zhou, Weimin Li","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.112007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.112007","url":null,"abstract":"Liver is the most common metastasis target organ in the late stage of colorectal cancer. More than 50% of colorectal cancer patients will have simultaneous or heterochronous liver metastasis. The survival time of patients with colorectal cancer and liver metastasis (CRLM) is short; not all patients can get radical resection of liver metastasis. For this part of patients, microwave ablation technology has been proved to be one of the effective methods for the treatment of liver metastasis. Laparoscopic B-ultrasound ablation also highlights a lot of minimally invasive advantages; this paper reviews the relevant literature of PubMed database, Wanfang database and CNKI database, in order to provide the treatment basis for clinical application of microwave ablation technology under laparoscopic B-ultrasound in the treatment of CRLM. The results showed that the safety and effectiveness of microwave ablation for liver metastases under the location of B-ultrasonic laparoscopy were confirmed, and patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer who could not be resected could choose this treatment.","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81095380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-11DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2020.112004
O. Bulavenko, L. Ostapiuk, A. Voloshinovskii, V. Rud, T. Malyi, O. Rud
Background: Currently, postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases continue to be a prominent issue in medicine. As a result, numerous scientific publications were devoted to finding the solution to this issue. Primarily these solutions included the idea of optimisation of antibiotic-based disease prevention and therapies. However, the early diagnosis and prognosis of these pathologies were unfortunately overlooked. The Aim of the Study: To build a prognostic model of the development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases. Material and Methods: The main focus of our research was establishment of methods of early diagnosis and prognosis of purulent-inflammatory diseases. The main cohort consisted of 170 women diagnosed with purulent-inflammatory diseases while the control cohort was made of 40 women with an uncomplicated course of pregnancy; patient’s blood serum was analysed using fluorescence spectroscopy. Additionally, we implied a variety of standardised algorithms used during clinical and laboratory examination of the patients with postpartum endometritis. Results: Fluorescence spectra were studied for 40 women of control group and 170 women of the main group. Based on the data obtained using fluorescence spectroscopy and data from clinical and laboratory examinations (extragenital pathology, gynecology-related diseases, risk of miscarriage, surgery, TORCH-infections, colpitis, labour duration > 12 hrs, labour anomalies, maximum blood serum fluorescence spectrum values, fluorescence spectrum ≤ 0.845, age, number of bed days, fetal distress), we have derived a prognostic model of the development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases. Conclusion: As a result, we derived a prognostic model based on the main 13 factors, which contribute to development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases. This model was determined correct with a probability of over 99% (р 2 = 174.74; df = 13).
{"title":"A Prognostic Model of the Development of Postpartum Purulent-Inflammatory Diseases","authors":"O. Bulavenko, L. Ostapiuk, A. Voloshinovskii, V. Rud, T. Malyi, O. Rud","doi":"10.4236/ijcm.2020.112004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2020.112004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Currently, postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases continue to be a prominent issue in medicine. As a result, numerous scientific publications were devoted to finding the solution to this issue. Primarily these solutions included the idea of optimisation of antibiotic-based disease prevention and therapies. However, the early diagnosis and prognosis of these pathologies were unfortunately overlooked. The Aim of the Study: To build a prognostic model of the development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases. Material and Methods: The main focus of our research was establishment of methods of early diagnosis and prognosis of purulent-inflammatory diseases. The main cohort consisted of 170 women diagnosed with purulent-inflammatory diseases while the control cohort was made of 40 women with an uncomplicated course of pregnancy; patient’s blood serum was analysed using fluorescence spectroscopy. Additionally, we implied a variety of standardised algorithms used during clinical and laboratory examination of the patients with postpartum endometritis. Results: Fluorescence spectra were studied for 40 women of control group and 170 women of the main group. Based on the data obtained using fluorescence spectroscopy and data from clinical and laboratory examinations (extragenital pathology, gynecology-related diseases, risk of miscarriage, surgery, TORCH-infections, colpitis, labour duration > 12 hrs, labour anomalies, maximum blood serum fluorescence spectrum values, fluorescence spectrum ≤ 0.845, age, number of bed days, fetal distress), we have derived a prognostic model of the development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases. Conclusion: As a result, we derived a prognostic model based on the main 13 factors, which contribute to development of postpartum purulent-inflammatory diseases. This model was determined correct with a probability of over 99% (р 2 = 174.74; df = 13).","PeriodicalId":14201,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79601321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-10DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.536
Katharine Spalding, I. Ryans, N. Heron
Background: Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) is a programme that employs videoconferencing technology to train community-based primary care providers to improve and standardize care across a wide geographical region. This method has not yet been trialled in the UK for improving the capacity of primary care services in managing common musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints. Aim: The aim was to assess the impact of introducing a year-long MSK ECHO education programme in Northern Ireland for general practitioners (GPs). Design and setting: Monthly sessions were held consisting of teaching and case based discussions. Each session lasted on average 90 minutes. A ‘hub’ consisting of local GP lead educators, supported by colleagues from secondary care, where linked to GPs around Belfast using video conferencing technology. Methods: Topics covered were chosen by participants at the start and covered common MSK complaints in primary care. An initial questionnaire was performed at the start and compared to an evaluation questionnaire at the end. Results: Ten GPs completed the evaluation one year after the project was initiated. The weighted average of the selfconfidence scores in examining a range of individual body parts in general practice increased from a baseline of 3.45 to 4.08. There was an increase in self-assessed ability in diagnosing and treating a number of common MSK complaints and the whole year-long programme was delivered for £ 14,980. Conclusion: This trial shows how a 12-month ECHO intervention can improve self-efficacy in a number of MSK capacities within GP. These preliminary results suggest that ECHO is an affordable, effective solution for providing postgraduate education to working GPs.
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