Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_36_23
E. Lakshmi, K. S. Selvi, S. R. Fathima, Damini M
Context: Bakery products, especially cake, has evolved from being seen as a tea-time snack to becoming a daily requirement in the typical Indian household. The quality of the ingredients in cake baking has a considerable impact on the finished product and consumers’ intention to purchase. Aims: The aims of the study was to assess the quality parameters of the flour used in baking cake and to determine buyer behavior and preferences for quality criteria in cake. Materials and Methods: The quality parameters of cake flour used in baking were experimentally determined according to IS 1979 guidelines. The characteristics of consumer behavior with regard to purchase of cake were evaluated using a questionnaire. Results: The moisture content of cake flour was 0.2% lower than IS 1979 standards (13%). The key factors in choosing the cake were appearance, tase, and soft texture, scoring the highest (1.4) on the Likert scale. The least score (0.7) was given for nutrient content. Conclusions: There was a significant difference in the purchase of cake by attributes, as the calculated value was higher than the table value.
背景：烘焙产品，尤其是蛋糕，已经从茶余饭后的点心发展成为典型印度家庭的日常必需品。蛋糕烘焙配料的质量对成品和消费者的购买意向有相当大的影响。研究目的：本研究旨在评估烘焙蛋糕所用面粉的质量参数，并确定购买者的行为和对蛋糕质量标准的偏好。材料和方法：根据 IS 1979 准则，通过实验确定了用于烘焙的蛋糕面粉的质量参数。使用调查问卷对消费者购买蛋糕的行为特征进行了评估。结果蛋糕粉的水分含量比 IS 1979 标准（13%）低 0.2%。选择蛋糕的关键因素是外观、口感和柔软度，在李克特量表中得分最高（1.4）。营养成分得分最低（0.7）。结论购买蛋糕的属性差异很大，因为计算值高于表格值。
{"title":"Quality parameters determining the buyer behavior toward purchase of bakery product (cake)","authors":"E. Lakshmi, K. S. Selvi, S. R. Fathima, Damini M","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_36_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_36_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Context: Bakery products, especially cake, has evolved from being seen as a tea-time snack to becoming a daily requirement in the typical Indian household. The quality of the ingredients in cake baking has a considerable impact on the finished product and consumers’ intention to purchase. Aims: The aims of the study was to assess the quality parameters of the flour used in baking cake and to determine buyer behavior and preferences for quality criteria in cake. Materials and Methods: The quality parameters of cake flour used in baking were experimentally determined according to IS 1979 guidelines. The characteristics of consumer behavior with regard to purchase of cake were evaluated using a questionnaire. Results: The moisture content of cake flour was 0.2% lower than IS 1979 standards (13%). The key factors in choosing the cake were appearance, tase, and soft texture, scoring the highest (1.4) on the Likert scale. The least score (0.7) was given for nutrient content. Conclusions: There was a significant difference in the purchase of cake by attributes, as the calculated value was higher than the table value.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"192 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140516743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_75_23
Pratheesha Ilangovan, Aruna Subramaniam, R. Vembu, Silambu Selvi
Background: Pregnant women have increased nutritional needs to support the growth of the baby, placenta, and maternal tissues. Inadequate dietary intake of these essential nutrients can lead to maternal-fetal complications. Hence, this study has developed a micronutrient-rich adai to educate and encourage pregnant women to incorporate it into their regular diet. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a micronutrient-rich adai using millets, grains, green leaves, and spices and to evaluate its sensory characteristics and nutritional qualities. Methods: A micronutrient-rich adai was prepared with four food groups: (1) cereals and millets, (2) legumes and grains, (3) green leaves, and (4) spices in three different formulations: type I, type II, and type III, with the ratios of [1,2,3+4] are 50:30:20, 40:30:30, and 40:20:40, respectively. Sensory evaluation was conducted among 20 pregnant women using 9-point hedonic scales for color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability. The nutritional analysis was performed using Association of Official Analytical Collaboration (AOAC) (2016) methods. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21. Results: Type I adai was well accepted, with a mean score of 36.85, while type II (27.65) and type III (28.5) scored lower. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference in mean scores, with type I adai being statistically significant (P < 0.05). Nutrient analysis indicated adequate amounts of iron, calcium, and vitamin D. Conclusion: The study revealed that the type I combination of adai was found to be more palatable compared to the other two types and rich in calcium and iron. This suggests that mothers can be motivated to incorporate it into their diet.
背景：孕妇需要更多的营养来支持胎儿、胎盘和母体组织的生长。膳食中这些必需营养素摄入不足会导致母胎并发症。因此，本研究开发了一种富含微量营养素的阿代食品，以教育和鼓励孕妇将其纳入日常饮食。目的：本研究旨在利用黍米、谷物、绿叶和香料开发一种富含微量营养素的阿代，并对其感官特征和营养质量进行评估。研究方法用四种食物组：(1) 谷物和黍米，(2) 豆类和谷物，(3) 绿叶，(4) 香料配制了富含微量营养素的阿代食品，有三种不同的配方：Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型，[1,2,3+4]的比例分别为 50:30:20、40:30:30 和 40:20:40。对 20 名孕妇进行了感官评估，采用 9 分享乐量表对色泽、风味、口感、质地和总体可接受性进行评分。营养分析采用官方分析合作协会（AOAC）（2016 年）的方法进行。统计分析采用 SPSS 21 版进行。结果I 型阿代的接受度较高，平均得分为 36.85，而 II 型（27.65）和 III 型（28.5）的得分较低。单因素方差分析显示，平均得分差异显著，其中 I 型阿代具有显著的统计学意义（P < 0.05）。营养分析表明，铁、钙和维生素 D 的含量充足：研究表明，与其他两种阿代相比，I 型阿代的口感更好，而且富含钙和铁。这表明，可以鼓励母亲将其纳入自己的饮食中。
{"title":"Development and nutritional and sensory evaluation of ragi, bajra, and white soybean incorporated adai: Traditional South Indian food for pregnant women with micronutrient deficiency","authors":"Pratheesha Ilangovan, Aruna Subramaniam, R. Vembu, Silambu Selvi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_75_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_75_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Pregnant women have increased nutritional needs to support the growth of the baby, placenta, and maternal tissues. Inadequate dietary intake of these essential nutrients can lead to maternal-fetal complications. Hence, this study has developed a micronutrient-rich adai to educate and encourage pregnant women to incorporate it into their regular diet. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a micronutrient-rich adai using millets, grains, green leaves, and spices and to evaluate its sensory characteristics and nutritional qualities. Methods: A micronutrient-rich adai was prepared with four food groups: (1) cereals and millets, (2) legumes and grains, (3) green leaves, and (4) spices in three different formulations: type I, type II, and type III, with the ratios of [1,2,3+4] are 50:30:20, 40:30:30, and 40:20:40, respectively. Sensory evaluation was conducted among 20 pregnant women using 9-point hedonic scales for color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability. The nutritional analysis was performed using Association of Official Analytical Collaboration (AOAC) (2016) methods. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21. Results: Type I adai was well accepted, with a mean score of 36.85, while type II (27.65) and type III (28.5) scored lower. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference in mean scores, with type I adai being statistically significant (P < 0.05). Nutrient analysis indicated adequate amounts of iron, calcium, and vitamin D. Conclusion: The study revealed that the type I combination of adai was found to be more palatable compared to the other two types and rich in calcium and iron. This suggests that mothers can be motivated to incorporate it into their diet.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_70_23
Rasha Wahid, E. Lazarus, A. Amirtharaj
Background: In Egypt as elsewhere, patients with schizophrenia and their families confront unique obstacles. This study examined the views of important stakeholders’ on the feasibility, approval, and obstacles of family intervention programs for schizophrenia in Egypt to address these issues. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the perspectives of stakeholders regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and obstacles associated with providing family intervention for schizophrenia in Egypt. Methods: The research took place at El-Maamoura Hospital in Alexandria and included a total of 37 participants. These participants were divided into seven focus groups, with 25 individuals being health professionals and the remaining 12 individuals being caregivers. Concurrently, data collection and analysis were carried out using the qualitative research method, employing the framework analysis to process the transcripts. Results: The participants highlighted the importance of families feeling accepted and well-informed regarding the nature of the illness. In conclusion, the participants suggested making changes to the intervention’s content by incorporating details about the illness, providing emotional support, and including culturally appropriate coping mechanisms. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is determined by the study that before implementing family intervention for schizophrenia, it is crucial to make cultural adjustments to ensure its acceptability. The findings of the study offer valuable insights for the development and execution of family intervention programs for schizophrenia in Egypt. Implication for Clinical Practice: It is crucial to culturally adapt a modified family interventions to cater to the cultural requirements of families and healthcare professionals in Egypt, as this could potentially result in improved outcomes for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and their families.
{"title":"Acceptability and feasibility of delivering family intervention for caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Egypt","authors":"Rasha Wahid, E. Lazarus, A. Amirtharaj","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_70_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_70_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: In Egypt as elsewhere, patients with schizophrenia and their families confront unique obstacles. This study examined the views of important stakeholders’ on the feasibility, approval, and obstacles of family intervention programs for schizophrenia in Egypt to address these issues. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the perspectives of stakeholders regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and obstacles associated with providing family intervention for schizophrenia in Egypt. Methods: The research took place at El-Maamoura Hospital in Alexandria and included a total of 37 participants. These participants were divided into seven focus groups, with 25 individuals being health professionals and the remaining 12 individuals being caregivers. Concurrently, data collection and analysis were carried out using the qualitative research method, employing the framework analysis to process the transcripts. Results: The participants highlighted the importance of families feeling accepted and well-informed regarding the nature of the illness. In conclusion, the participants suggested making changes to the intervention’s content by incorporating details about the illness, providing emotional support, and including culturally appropriate coping mechanisms. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is determined by the study that before implementing family intervention for schizophrenia, it is crucial to make cultural adjustments to ensure its acceptability. The findings of the study offer valuable insights for the development and execution of family intervention programs for schizophrenia in Egypt. Implication for Clinical Practice: It is crucial to culturally adapt a modified family interventions to cater to the cultural requirements of families and healthcare professionals in Egypt, as this could potentially result in improved outcomes for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and their families.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_83_23
Prasanth Subramanian, Venkataraman Prabhu, A. Ramachandran, J. Kumar
Diabetic patients with depression or anxiety are more likely to develop diabetic complications and have a lower quality of life. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety among type 2 diabetic patients and to identify the associated factors. A cross-sectional, observational study of type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients, with diabetes-related conditions who attended the hospital from January to April 2023, was conducted by interviewing them using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression and Generalised Anxiety Disorders-7 for anxiety. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariant regression were performed for statistical analysis. Out of 450 type 2 diabetic patients, 90% were between ages 30 and 45, 50.2% were male, 60% were living in rural areas, and 76.5% literate; most of them belong to the upper middle class (64%) and they live in joint family (32.7%). Depression and anxiety were observed among 65.3% and 62.4% of type 2 diabetic patients, respectively. When observing the severity, 47.8% of patients had mild depression, and 38.7% had minimal anxiety. Age group, socioeconomic status, treatment type, and years of diabetes were found to be factors associated with depression and family type is associated with anxiety. Hospitalized diabetics have higher depression and anxiety rates for multiple reasons. Therefore, diabetes management programmes should include regular depression and anxiety screenings to quickly identify and treat high-risk patients in healthcare facilities.
{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study to Determine the Prevalence and Predictors of Depression and Anxiety in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in South India","authors":"Prasanth Subramanian, Venkataraman Prabhu, A. Ramachandran, J. Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_83_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_83_23","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic patients with depression or anxiety are more likely to develop diabetic complications and have a lower quality of life. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety among type 2 diabetic patients and to identify the associated factors. A cross-sectional, observational study of type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients, with diabetes-related conditions who attended the hospital from January to April 2023, was conducted by interviewing them using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression and Generalised Anxiety Disorders-7 for anxiety. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariant regression were performed for statistical analysis. Out of 450 type 2 diabetic patients, 90% were between ages 30 and 45, 50.2% were male, 60% were living in rural areas, and 76.5% literate; most of them belong to the upper middle class (64%) and they live in joint family (32.7%). Depression and anxiety were observed among 65.3% and 62.4% of type 2 diabetic patients, respectively. When observing the severity, 47.8% of patients had mild depression, and 38.7% had minimal anxiety. Age group, socioeconomic status, treatment type, and years of diabetes were found to be factors associated with depression and family type is associated with anxiety. Hospitalized diabetics have higher depression and anxiety rates for multiple reasons. Therefore, diabetes management programmes should include regular depression and anxiety screenings to quickly identify and treat high-risk patients in healthcare facilities.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140515719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_76_23
V. Sathiya, B. Shenbagavalli, V. Nirupa, K. Subramani
Patients with diabetes usually develop a condition called diabetic retinopathy (DR), resulting from retinal damage. This impairment usually happens when the glucose levels in the blood are elevated, finally causing a blockage in the blood vessels that feed a part of the eye called the retina and finally severing it from the blood supply. Therefore, the eye attempts to produce fresh blood cells. But these cells are either poorly developed or weak. So, it can be leaked out easily. Hence, to lessen the severe effects of this disease, these patients must be diagnosed as soon as possible. Earlier, a number of approaches were put forth to recognise this illness using machine learning algorithms, image processing, and other techniques. The diagnosis process of this disease involves pre-processing of coloured images of the fundus, extraction of clinical features and classification of retinopathy. In this research, fundus photography of the retina is utilised to accelerate the detection of various kinds of retinopathy caused by diabetes based on convolutional neural network (CNN) pre-trained transfer learning algorithm. Inception V3 and Xception are used in this model to determine and categorise diabetic retinopathy, respectively. As a result, people with this disease can lower their risk of exposure to permanent blindness.
{"title":"Detection and Classification of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Inception V3 and Xception Architectures","authors":"V. Sathiya, B. Shenbagavalli, V. Nirupa, K. Subramani","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_76_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_76_23","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with diabetes usually develop a condition called diabetic retinopathy (DR), resulting from retinal damage. This impairment usually happens when the glucose levels in the blood are elevated, finally causing a blockage in the blood vessels that feed a part of the eye called the retina and finally severing it from the blood supply. Therefore, the eye attempts to produce fresh blood cells. But these cells are either poorly developed or weak. So, it can be leaked out easily. Hence, to lessen the severe effects of this disease, these patients must be diagnosed as soon as possible. Earlier, a number of approaches were put forth to recognise this illness using machine learning algorithms, image processing, and other techniques. The diagnosis process of this disease involves pre-processing of coloured images of the fundus, extraction of clinical features and classification of retinopathy. In this research, fundus photography of the retina is utilised to accelerate the detection of various kinds of retinopathy caused by diabetes based on convolutional neural network (CNN) pre-trained transfer learning algorithm. Inception V3 and Xception are used in this model to determine and categorise diabetic retinopathy, respectively. As a result, people with this disease can lower their risk of exposure to permanent blindness.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_67_23
Mullaicharam Bhupathyraaj, Salha Said Rabia Al Salty, Mohammad Al-Ghazali, N. Halligudi
Sodium is a key element for all living things, mainly animals, some plant species, and humans. In animals, sodium ions are necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids, the transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and certain metabolic functions. Sodium is the chief cation in the extracellular compartment of an animal body. Sodium plays a vital role not only in the human body but also in various food types. Salt, also known as sodium chloride, is about 40% sodium and 60% chloride. It flavors food and is used as a binder and stabilizer. The sodium content in different brands of edible salts can be analyzed using flame photometry. Flame photometry, also called flame atomic emission spectrometry, is a branch of atomic spectroscopy in which the species examined in the spectrometer are in the form of atoms. The samples used for analysis are junk foods, which have become a common trend among all generations. A total of 13 brands were analyzed for iodine content. From that, two commonly used brands were selected and analyzed for estimating the sodium and potassium contents in them by flame photometry. The analysis helps in creating awareness among all generations to reduce the sodium intake in order to prevent problems like hypertension, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and associated medical complications in the future.
{"title":"Analysis of Sodium Levels in Different Brands of Edible Salts by Flame Photometer","authors":"Mullaicharam Bhupathyraaj, Salha Said Rabia Al Salty, Mohammad Al-Ghazali, N. Halligudi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_67_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_67_23","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium is a key element for all living things, mainly animals, some plant species, and humans. In animals, sodium ions are necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids, the transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and certain metabolic functions. Sodium is the chief cation in the extracellular compartment of an animal body. Sodium plays a vital role not only in the human body but also in various food types. Salt, also known as sodium chloride, is about 40% sodium and 60% chloride. It flavors food and is used as a binder and stabilizer. The sodium content in different brands of edible salts can be analyzed using flame photometry. Flame photometry, also called flame atomic emission spectrometry, is a branch of atomic spectroscopy in which the species examined in the spectrometer are in the form of atoms. The samples used for analysis are junk foods, which have become a common trend among all generations. A total of 13 brands were analyzed for iodine content. From that, two commonly used brands were selected and analyzed for estimating the sodium and potassium contents in them by flame photometry. The analysis helps in creating awareness among all generations to reduce the sodium intake in order to prevent problems like hypertension, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and associated medical complications in the future.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"185 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140516761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanoparticles are frequently employed to control the delivery of drugs and various growth factors to tissues/cells. Nanocarriers, in diverse formulations, have the potential to transport both synthetic and natural anticancer therapeutic drugs. Andrographolide, a diterpenoid extracted from Andrographis paniculata, possesses robust antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral effects. The inhibition of cervical cancer can be achieved by supplementing with bioactive molecules that decrease the proliferation and differentiation of cervical cancer cells while promoting cell death. This study explores the in vitro antiproliferative efficacy of andrographolide on cervical cancer cells, assessed through a cytotoxicity assay in human cervical cancer cells. The results demonstrated increased activity of andrographolide in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The andrographolide-albumin nanoparticle (ANP) was synthesized using the coacervation process. X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis of ANP revealed the amorphization of andrographolide, a favorable characteristic for drug delivery applications. Additionally, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis illustrated the drug structure and the stretching of bands in the synthesized ANP. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy unveiled spherical granules with nanoparticle sizes ranging from 100 to 200 nm. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of andrographolide-ANPs was observed in the HeLa cancer cell line. The synthesis and characterization of andrographolide-ANPs were undertaken for potential therapeutic applications.
纳米颗粒经常被用来控制向组织/细胞输送药物和各种生长因子。不同配方的纳米载体具有运输合成和天然抗癌治疗药物的潜力。穿心莲内酯是从穿心莲中提取的一种二萜类化合物，具有强大的抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌和抗病毒作用。通过补充生物活性分子可以减少宫颈癌细胞的增殖和分化，同时促进细胞死亡，从而达到抑制宫颈癌的目的。本研究探讨了穿心莲内酯对宫颈癌细胞的体外抗增殖功效，通过人宫颈癌细胞的细胞毒性试验进行评估。结果表明，穿心莲内酯的活性增加与剂量和时间有关。采用共凝胶工艺合成了穿心莲内酯-白蛋白纳米粒子（ANP）。ANP 的 X 射线衍射和拉曼分析表明穿心莲内酯发生了非定形化，这是药物输送应用的一个有利特征。此外，傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）分析表明了合成 ANP 中的药物结构和条带伸展。高分辨率扫描电子显微镜揭示了球形颗粒，其纳米粒径为 100 至 200 纳米。此外，还观察到穿心莲内酯-ANPs 在 HeLa 癌细胞系中的抗癌活性。研究人员对穿心莲内酯-ANPs 进行了合成和表征，以开发其潜在的治疗用途。
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of andrographolide: Albumin nanoparticles and their anticancer activity in HeLa cancer cell line","authors":"Lavanya S.K., Shantanu Patil, Sundaresan Sivapatham","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_85_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_85_23","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles are frequently employed to control the delivery of drugs and various growth factors to tissues/cells. Nanocarriers, in diverse formulations, have the potential to transport both synthetic and natural anticancer therapeutic drugs. Andrographolide, a diterpenoid extracted from Andrographis paniculata, possesses robust antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral effects. The inhibition of cervical cancer can be achieved by supplementing with bioactive molecules that decrease the proliferation and differentiation of cervical cancer cells while promoting cell death. This study explores the in vitro antiproliferative efficacy of andrographolide on cervical cancer cells, assessed through a cytotoxicity assay in human cervical cancer cells. The results demonstrated increased activity of andrographolide in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The andrographolide-albumin nanoparticle (ANP) was synthesized using the coacervation process. X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis of ANP revealed the amorphization of andrographolide, a favorable characteristic for drug delivery applications. Additionally, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis illustrated the drug structure and the stretching of bands in the synthesized ANP. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy unveiled spherical granules with nanoparticle sizes ranging from 100 to 200 nm. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of andrographolide-ANPs was observed in the HeLa cancer cell line. The synthesis and characterization of andrographolide-ANPs were undertaken for potential therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"325 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140521304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_52_23
Meher Nisha Abubakkar, Abir Biswas, Anitha Rathinam, Kumar Surya, Jenani Murugesan, Ajitha Sherlin, K. S. Jayachandran, Giri Prashanth, M. Anusuyadevi
Dementia is a consequential event due to neurodegeneration, which is a prevalent aspect of aging and other diseases associated with neuropathological conditions. The main contributor to dementia is the depletion of neurons in cognitive centers that results in cognitive decline. Cellular damage and apoptosis can occur due to excessive oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant levels. Epidemiological research provides valuable insights into dementia, but current treatments primarily focus on alleviating symptoms rather than addressing the root cause. Both modern and traditional medicines recognize the importance of maintaining cellular antioxidant levels and reduction in amyloid beta aggregation, often relying on natural sources for support. The identification of herbal plants with abundant pharmacologically active secondary metabolites shows promise in the treatment of dementia. Eclipta alba is an ancient traditional herb that elicits nootropic effects. This study reports that the herbomineral form of E. alba (HMEA) constitutes pharmacologically active metabolites and enhances memory and learning in 9- to 12-month-old albino wistar rats. Interestingly, HMEA enhanced learning and memory in adult rats with no significant toxicity, and found to stabilize lipid profile levels in animal models. Histopathological studies of animals showed that HMEA enhanced overall cytoarchitecture of granular cell layer in the hippocampus. It depicts improved cellular morphology, arrangement, and density in the hippocampal region. Taken together, the current study proves HMEA to be an efficient neuroprotective agent in treating age-related dementia.
痴呆症是神经变性导致的后果，是衰老和其他与神经病理学条件相关的疾病的一个普遍方面。造成痴呆症的主要原因是认知中枢的神经元耗竭，从而导致认知能力下降。过度的氧化应激和抗氧化剂水平降低会导致细胞损伤和凋亡。流行病学研究为痴呆症提供了宝贵的见解，但目前的治疗方法主要侧重于缓解症状，而不是从根本上解决问题。现代医学和传统医学都认识到维持细胞抗氧化剂水平和减少淀粉样蛋白 beta 聚集的重要性，通常依靠天然药物来提供支持。对具有丰富药理活性次生代谢物的草本植物的鉴定显示了治疗痴呆症的前景。Eclipta alba 是一种古老的传统草药，具有促智作用。本研究报告称，E. alba 的草本矿物形式（HMEA）含有药理活性代谢物，可增强 9 至 12 个月大的白化 Wistar 大鼠的记忆和学习能力。有趣的是，HMEA 能增强成年大鼠的学习能力和记忆力，且无明显毒性，还能稳定动物模型的血脂水平。动物组织病理学研究表明，HMEA 能增强海马颗粒细胞层的整体细胞结构。它改善了海马区的细胞形态、排列和密度。综上所述，目前的研究证明 HMEA 是一种治疗老年痴呆症的有效神经保护剂。
{"title":"Herbomineral form of Eclipta alba (HMEA) improves age-related dementia by increasing memory performance in animal models: An in vivo approach to investigate the multitherapeutic potential of antioxidant-based Ayurvedic drugs","authors":"Meher Nisha Abubakkar, Abir Biswas, Anitha Rathinam, Kumar Surya, Jenani Murugesan, Ajitha Sherlin, K. S. Jayachandran, Giri Prashanth, M. Anusuyadevi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_52_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_52_23","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is a consequential event due to neurodegeneration, which is a prevalent aspect of aging and other diseases associated with neuropathological conditions. The main contributor to dementia is the depletion of neurons in cognitive centers that results in cognitive decline. Cellular damage and apoptosis can occur due to excessive oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant levels. Epidemiological research provides valuable insights into dementia, but current treatments primarily focus on alleviating symptoms rather than addressing the root cause. Both modern and traditional medicines recognize the importance of maintaining cellular antioxidant levels and reduction in amyloid beta aggregation, often relying on natural sources for support. The identification of herbal plants with abundant pharmacologically active secondary metabolites shows promise in the treatment of dementia. Eclipta alba is an ancient traditional herb that elicits nootropic effects. This study reports that the herbomineral form of E. alba (HMEA) constitutes pharmacologically active metabolites and enhances memory and learning in 9- to 12-month-old albino wistar rats. Interestingly, HMEA enhanced learning and memory in adult rats with no significant toxicity, and found to stabilize lipid profile levels in animal models. Histopathological studies of animals showed that HMEA enhanced overall cytoarchitecture of granular cell layer in the hippocampus. It depicts improved cellular morphology, arrangement, and density in the hippocampal region. Taken together, the current study proves HMEA to be an efficient neuroprotective agent in treating age-related dementia.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_22_23
M. Mahendran, R. Visalakshi
Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the neurological illnesses incurred. However, there is a no chance to recognize PD. A fine motor symptom has been identified in this study. A group of patients with PD, as well as the healthy group, is used in the research. The authors have developed a technique that can determine whether a patient has PD or not. Using deep learning methods, the same design generalizing neural networks in the brain can be solved. The categorization of patients with PD and non-PD behavior is found from the analysis of spiral and wave forms using CNN model. Various CNN models were used in the experiment by transfer learning and spiral and wave data sketches. With the help of spiral sketching, the system achieved an accuracy of 96.67% using the ResNet50 model. The main objective of this paper is to explore the application of transfer learning, which improved the performance of the model.
{"title":"An ensemble of ResNet model for classification of Parkinson disease","authors":"M. Mahendran, R. Visalakshi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_22_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the neurological illnesses incurred. However, there is a no chance to recognize PD. A fine motor symptom has been identified in this study. A group of patients with PD, as well as the healthy group, is used in the research. The authors have developed a technique that can determine whether a patient has PD or not. Using deep learning methods, the same design generalizing neural networks in the brain can be solved. The categorization of patients with PD and non-PD behavior is found from the analysis of spiral and wave forms using CNN model. Various CNN models were used in the experiment by transfer learning and spiral and wave data sketches. With the help of spiral sketching, the system achieved an accuracy of 96.67% using the ResNet50 model. The main objective of this paper is to explore the application of transfer learning, which improved the performance of the model.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_50_23
J. Isaac, Vijayashree Raghavan
Background: A cerebrovascular accident or stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death in the world. Several risk factors have been detected and extensively studied and are part of preventive strategies. Emerging risk factors for ischemic that have recently acquired interest are vitamin B-12 and homocysteine levels. A study has been conducted in a tertiary hospital in Chennai to evaluate the levels of vitamin B-12, homocysteine, and hematological variables. Aims: The objective of the study was to estimate the serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B-12 in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack and to analyze hematological parameters, including complete blood counts and peripheral smear and correlate with vitamin B-12. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 individuals with either ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were included in the study. Vitamin B-12, homocysteine, complete blood counts, and peripheral smear were analyzed for the patients. Results: Either frank or subclinical vitamin B-12 deficiencies were noted in 59 (73.8%) of the study population. Fifty-seven (71.2%) of the study population had elevated homocysteine. Fifty (62.5%) had a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N:L) ratio and 52 (65%) had elevated red cell distribution width. Conclusion: High homocysteine levels are prevalent among ischemic stroke patients and this elucidates that homocysteine has a role in the thrombus formation and is a risk factor for the development of the stroke. It was also noted that vitamin B-12 deficiency, either frank or subclinical, is prevalent among these patients and can be a target for supplementation strategies.
{"title":"Vitamin B-12, Homocysteine, and Hematological Parameters in Ischemic Stroke Patients","authors":"J. Isaac, Vijayashree Raghavan","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_50_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A cerebrovascular accident or stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death in the world. Several risk factors have been detected and extensively studied and are part of preventive strategies. Emerging risk factors for ischemic that have recently acquired interest are vitamin B-12 and homocysteine levels. A study has been conducted in a tertiary hospital in Chennai to evaluate the levels of vitamin B-12, homocysteine, and hematological variables. Aims: The objective of the study was to estimate the serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B-12 in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack and to analyze hematological parameters, including complete blood counts and peripheral smear and correlate with vitamin B-12. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 individuals with either ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were included in the study. Vitamin B-12, homocysteine, complete blood counts, and peripheral smear were analyzed for the patients. Results: Either frank or subclinical vitamin B-12 deficiencies were noted in 59 (73.8%) of the study population. Fifty-seven (71.2%) of the study population had elevated homocysteine. Fifty (62.5%) had a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N:L) ratio and 52 (65%) had elevated red cell distribution width. Conclusion: High homocysteine levels are prevalent among ischemic stroke patients and this elucidates that homocysteine has a role in the thrombus formation and is a risk factor for the development of the stroke. It was also noted that vitamin B-12 deficiency, either frank or subclinical, is prevalent among these patients and can be a target for supplementation strategies.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"10 1","pages":"250 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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