Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_48_23
Buthaina Al-Balushi, Ruqaiya Al-Balushi, Mostafa Waly, Z. Al-Attabi
Diet is a key modifiable factor that plays a vital role in the protection from noncommunicable diseases, which requires the right tool to transform the food consumption into nutrients. The food composition database (FCDB) is a tool that provides a comprehensive information on the various nutrients present in food. It comprises quantitative values of micro and macronutrients found in food that is compiled in an electronic form. Further, the need to develop a national FCDB for each country has been emphasized by health authorities and is greatly important at various levels. The global status of FCDB has improved significantly over the past few decades. Currently, most of the developed countries have established their own national FCDBs, which are standardized and updated on regular basis. On the other hand, challenges still remain in establishing these databases in developing countries, which either lack or keep incomplete and outdated FCDBs. Thus, they mostly rely on overseas or readily available FCDBs, which will ultimately give a rough estimate of nutrients and produce significant errors in nutritional assessment. However, it is massively important to start establishing their own national databases which will undeniably lead to more accurate dietary assessment and food labels, as well as better-targeted nutrition programs and fortification policies in these countries.
{"title":"Global status of food composition database: A short review","authors":"Buthaina Al-Balushi, Ruqaiya Al-Balushi, Mostafa Waly, Z. Al-Attabi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_48_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_48_23","url":null,"abstract":"Diet is a key modifiable factor that plays a vital role in the protection from noncommunicable diseases, which requires the right tool to transform the food consumption into nutrients. The food composition database (FCDB) is a tool that provides a comprehensive information on the various nutrients present in food. It comprises quantitative values of micro and macronutrients found in food that is compiled in an electronic form. Further, the need to develop a national FCDB for each country has been emphasized by health authorities and is greatly important at various levels. The global status of FCDB has improved significantly over the past few decades. Currently, most of the developed countries have established their own national FCDBs, which are standardized and updated on regular basis. On the other hand, challenges still remain in establishing these databases in developing countries, which either lack or keep incomplete and outdated FCDBs. Thus, they mostly rely on overseas or readily available FCDBs, which will ultimately give a rough estimate of nutrients and produce significant errors in nutritional assessment. However, it is massively important to start establishing their own national databases which will undeniably lead to more accurate dietary assessment and food labels, as well as better-targeted nutrition programs and fortification policies in these countries.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"75 1","pages":"240 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_58_23
Govindaraj Nandhini, Kumbamoorthy Silambu Selvi, S. Sundaresan
The main reason for infant mortality worldwide is premature birth. In undeveloped nations, it contributes to premature births and an increase in number of infant and child mortality. The survival rates of high-risk groups have gradually increased in recent years. Preterm births are becoming more common: 11% of births globally take place before 37 weeks of pregnancy. As nutritional care advances in both wealthy and developing nations, the survival rate of preterm infants keeps rising. To promote normal growth and prevent postnatal malnutrition, which may have an impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, it is crucial to give preterm infants enough protein during the postnatal period. Given that the size, structure, connectivity, and function of the brain develop during infancy, postnatal brain maturation in preterm infants is hindered. There is inconclusive evidence that increased parenteral nutrition amino acid (AA) intake has no impact on mortality. There is limited solid proof to suggest that increasing AA use is associated with a decreased risk of postpartum growth spurts. To find out whether birth weight or gestational age affect nutritional intake of preterm newborns, more research is required. Because the choice to perform life-saving measures is frequently made after the procedure, it is crucial to understand the incidence and severity of adverse events in infants who are extremely preterm. Hence, this article discusses the use of AAs in extremely preterm infants.
{"title":"Amino acid for preterm newborns","authors":"Govindaraj Nandhini, Kumbamoorthy Silambu Selvi, S. Sundaresan","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_58_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_58_23","url":null,"abstract":"The main reason for infant mortality worldwide is premature birth. In undeveloped nations, it contributes to premature births and an increase in number of infant and child mortality. The survival rates of high-risk groups have gradually increased in recent years. Preterm births are becoming more common: 11% of births globally take place before 37 weeks of pregnancy. As nutritional care advances in both wealthy and developing nations, the survival rate of preterm infants keeps rising. To promote normal growth and prevent postnatal malnutrition, which may have an impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, it is crucial to give preterm infants enough protein during the postnatal period. Given that the size, structure, connectivity, and function of the brain develop during infancy, postnatal brain maturation in preterm infants is hindered. There is inconclusive evidence that increased parenteral nutrition amino acid (AA) intake has no impact on mortality. There is limited solid proof to suggest that increasing AA use is associated with a decreased risk of postpartum growth spurts. To find out whether birth weight or gestational age affect nutritional intake of preterm newborns, more research is required. Because the choice to perform life-saving measures is frequently made after the procedure, it is crucial to understand the incidence and severity of adverse events in infants who are extremely preterm. Hence, this article discusses the use of AAs in extremely preterm infants.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"109 1","pages":"215 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_42_23
Deepika Pawar Rao, Nagarjuna Reddy YV, S. Nisha, Samyuktha Balaji, MP Venkatesh, KG Rajeshwari
Introduction: Periodontitis causes tissue destruction and host-microbial interactions can lead to dysbiosis. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy helps in eliminating microbial insult and adjunctive therapies like local drug administration comprising of antibiotics, pre- and probiotics and herbal therapy helps in better periodontal tissue healing.The present study aims at evaluation of efficacy of 0.5% azithromycin (AZM) and 5% doxycycline (DOX) as local drug delivery agents in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: A total of 66 subjects diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were enrolled in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A consisted of 22 subjects who received full-mouth scaling and root planing with 0.5% AZM gel, Group B consisted of 22 subjects who received full-mouth scaling and root planing with 5% DOX gel, and Group C consisted of 22 subjects who received only full-mouth scaling and root planing. Results: 0.5% AZM and 5% DOX gel as local drug administration after scaling and root planing significantly reduced clinical and microbiological parameters as compared to only scaling and root planing group (p < 0.05%); however, intergroup comparison between the two drugs didn’t show any significant difference (p > 0.05%). Conclusion: The adjunctive use of 0.5% AZM and 5% DOX as drug delivery agents had enhanced clinical and microbiological results as compared to scaling and root planing alone.
{"title":"Comparison of efficacies of azithromycin & doxycycline as local drug delivery agents in treatment of chronic periodontitis − A clinical and microbiological study","authors":"Deepika Pawar Rao, Nagarjuna Reddy YV, S. Nisha, Samyuktha Balaji, MP Venkatesh, KG Rajeshwari","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_42_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_42_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Periodontitis causes tissue destruction and host-microbial interactions can lead to dysbiosis. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy helps in eliminating microbial insult and adjunctive therapies like local drug administration comprising of antibiotics, pre- and probiotics and herbal therapy helps in better periodontal tissue healing.The present study aims at evaluation of efficacy of 0.5% azithromycin (AZM) and 5% doxycycline (DOX) as local drug delivery agents in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: A total of 66 subjects diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were enrolled in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A consisted of 22 subjects who received full-mouth scaling and root planing with 0.5% AZM gel, Group B consisted of 22 subjects who received full-mouth scaling and root planing with 5% DOX gel, and Group C consisted of 22 subjects who received only full-mouth scaling and root planing. Results: 0.5% AZM and 5% DOX gel as local drug administration after scaling and root planing significantly reduced clinical and microbiological parameters as compared to only scaling and root planing group (p < 0.05%); however, intergroup comparison between the two drugs didn’t show any significant difference (p > 0.05%). Conclusion: The adjunctive use of 0.5% AZM and 5% DOX as drug delivery agents had enhanced clinical and microbiological results as compared to scaling and root planing alone.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"243 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139331103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_55_22
M. Qoronfleh, M. Essa, Sawsan Mohammed
Background: The vitality of developing a safety culture in healthcare settings has become increasingly important following international investigations that highlighted the failures in health care delivery. Nurses, being at the frontline of healthcare, play a vital role in promoting patient safety and maintaining safety standards by being active in reducing medical errors. Weak patient safety culture has been identified as one of the major contributing factors to adverse events. Objectives: The present case investigated the different perceptions around patient safety culture and the factors considered of utmost importance to developing and maintaining this culture among nurses residing and working in Qatar. Methods: The present study utilized the English version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) to collect responses from nurses residing and working in Qatar to determine their perceptions of patient safety culture. A convenient sample from the conference delegates of Middle East Forum for Quality and Safety 2018 was used as participants. Participation in the self-reporting survey was completely voluntary and anonymous. Results: The highest rated culture dimensions were organizational learning, continuous improvement, and teamwork within hospital units (89% and 88% positive responses, respectively). The lowest rated dimensions were non-punitive responses to error and staffing issues (28% and 35% positive responses, respectively). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Similar to the global trends, error reporting should be viewed as a strategy to learn from mistakes and an initial step to create patient safety culture. In Qatar, while patient safety culture is generally well executed, with overall positive responses for the different measured composites, patient safety culture is yet to be fully developed. Initiatives are needed to improve staffing, handoffs, and transitions, as well as non-punitive responses to medical errors.
{"title":"A Perspective on Patient Safety Culture among Nurses in Qatar","authors":"M. Qoronfleh, M. Essa, Sawsan Mohammed","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_55_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_55_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The vitality of developing a safety culture in healthcare settings has become increasingly important following international investigations that highlighted the failures in health care delivery. Nurses, being at the frontline of healthcare, play a vital role in promoting patient safety and maintaining safety standards by being active in reducing medical errors. Weak patient safety culture has been identified as one of the major contributing factors to adverse events. Objectives: The present case investigated the different perceptions around patient safety culture and the factors considered of utmost importance to developing and maintaining this culture among nurses residing and working in Qatar. Methods: The present study utilized the English version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) to collect responses from nurses residing and working in Qatar to determine their perceptions of patient safety culture. A convenient sample from the conference delegates of Middle East Forum for Quality and Safety 2018 was used as participants. Participation in the self-reporting survey was completely voluntary and anonymous. Results: The highest rated culture dimensions were organizational learning, continuous improvement, and teamwork within hospital units (89% and 88% positive responses, respectively). The lowest rated dimensions were non-punitive responses to error and staffing issues (28% and 35% positive responses, respectively). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Similar to the global trends, error reporting should be viewed as a strategy to learn from mistakes and an initial step to create patient safety culture. In Qatar, while patient safety culture is generally well executed, with overall positive responses for the different measured composites, patient safety culture is yet to be fully developed. Initiatives are needed to improve staffing, handoffs, and transitions, as well as non-punitive responses to medical errors.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"07 1","pages":"272 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The current study aims to investigate the toxicity profile, the anti-amyloidogenic, and anti-ameliorative effects of crude ethanol extract from Cadaba indica leaves in contrast with a prominent drug. Methods: Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of C. indica was performed by GC–MS analysis. The cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells was assessed by a neutral red uptake assay, and neuroprotective effects were evaluated against the Aβ25–35 toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells experienced pretreatment with plant extracts. In acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies were conducted according to the OECD guidelines to ascertain the toxicity profile in Swiss Albino mice. The ameliorative effect of the extract was measured by behavioral test on drug-induced learning and memory impairment in mice. Results: Fifteen phytochemical compounds were revealed in GC–MS. Inhibitory concentration (IC50) was found to be >100 μg/mL on SH-SY5Ycells. Protection of SH-SY5Y cells from Aβ25-35-induced toxicity at the concentration of 25 μg/mL was observed. No clinical toxicity signs were observed in the plant treated group when compared to the control group in both acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies at the maximum of 2000 mg/kg dose. The oral lethal median dose (LD50) was estimated to be >2000 mg/kg. There was a reduction of the scopolamine-induced amnesia observed in the passive avoidance test at 100 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results conclude that C. indica extracts might contain potent secondary metabolites that might primarily enhance the neuroprotective effects and improve in cognitive impairments induced by cholinergic dysfunction.
{"title":"Cadaba indica Leaf Extract: Neuroprotection and Cognitive Enhancement with Safety Profile Comparison","authors":"Dhivya Sundaram, Sobiya Mathiayalagan, Palanisamy Selvamani, Subbiah Latha","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_6_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_6_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The current study aims to investigate the toxicity profile, the anti-amyloidogenic, and anti-ameliorative effects of crude ethanol extract from Cadaba indica leaves in contrast with a prominent drug. Methods: Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of C. indica was performed by GC–MS analysis. The cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells was assessed by a neutral red uptake assay, and neuroprotective effects were evaluated against the Aβ25–35 toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells experienced pretreatment with plant extracts. In acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies were conducted according to the OECD guidelines to ascertain the toxicity profile in Swiss Albino mice. The ameliorative effect of the extract was measured by behavioral test on drug-induced learning and memory impairment in mice. Results: Fifteen phytochemical compounds were revealed in GC–MS. Inhibitory concentration (IC50) was found to be >100 μg/mL on SH-SY5Ycells. Protection of SH-SY5Y cells from Aβ25-35-induced toxicity at the concentration of 25 μg/mL was observed. No clinical toxicity signs were observed in the plant treated group when compared to the control group in both acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies at the maximum of 2000 mg/kg dose. The oral lethal median dose (LD50) was estimated to be >2000 mg/kg. There was a reduction of the scopolamine-induced amnesia observed in the passive avoidance test at 100 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results conclude that C. indica extracts might contain potent secondary metabolites that might primarily enhance the neuroprotective effects and improve in cognitive impairments induced by cholinergic dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"40 1","pages":"259 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Plantain flower (Musa balbisiana Colla) is a rich source of essential nutrients such as minerals, vitamins, and phytochemical compounds, including flavonoids. Research states that these nutrients of plantain flowers have many therapeutic benefits. The flavonoids known as phytoestrogens have a beneficial role against estrogen deficiency in the body and are considered good for women’s health. Though there is a surplus availability of plantain flower in India, it is not well utilized by many people, especially in South India. Aim: To develop and evaluate the flavonoid-rich plantain flower laddu. Method: The plantain flower procured from the local farm was processed and powdered. Laddu was prepared using plantain flower powder at different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) and standardized by mixing it with roasted Bengal gram, sesame seeds, powdered sugar, and ghee. The sensory evaluation was done using 17 semitrained panel members on a 5-point hedonic rating scale and the accepted product was nutritionally analyzed. Results: The plantain flower laddu with a 20% variation showed better overall acceptability (21.8 + 2.79) when compared to laddu with 10% and 30% variations. There was a significant difference at a 1% level among 10%, 20%, and 30% variations. The 20% level incorporation had a high product acceptability index of 88% compared to the 10% and 30% levels. The product nutrient analysis indicated the following values per 100 gm; potassium: 1747 mg, calcium: 205 mg, magnesium: 153 mg, iron: 2.95 mg, sodium: 41.1 mg, flavonoids: 4.69 mg, total phenol content: 2.74 mg, energy: 397 kcal, protein: 10.9 gm, fat: 14.9 gm, and fiber: 8.2 gm. Conclusion: The nutritious plantain flower with surplus health benefits shall be well utilized by incorporating it in various nutritious recipe preparations like cookies, chocolates, and beverages.
{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Flavonoid-rich Plantain Flower (Musa Balbisiana Colla) Laddu: Beneficial for Women’s Health","authors":"Shanthini Priya Prakash, Silambu Selvi Kumbamoorthy","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_47_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_47_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Plantain flower (Musa balbisiana Colla) is a rich source of essential nutrients such as minerals, vitamins, and phytochemical compounds, including flavonoids. Research states that these nutrients of plantain flowers have many therapeutic benefits. The flavonoids known as phytoestrogens have a beneficial role against estrogen deficiency in the body and are considered good for women’s health. Though there is a surplus availability of plantain flower in India, it is not well utilized by many people, especially in South India. Aim: To develop and evaluate the flavonoid-rich plantain flower laddu. Method: The plantain flower procured from the local farm was processed and powdered. Laddu was prepared using plantain flower powder at different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) and standardized by mixing it with roasted Bengal gram, sesame seeds, powdered sugar, and ghee. The sensory evaluation was done using 17 semitrained panel members on a 5-point hedonic rating scale and the accepted product was nutritionally analyzed. Results: The plantain flower laddu with a 20% variation showed better overall acceptability (21.8 + 2.79) when compared to laddu with 10% and 30% variations. There was a significant difference at a 1% level among 10%, 20%, and 30% variations. The 20% level incorporation had a high product acceptability index of 88% compared to the 10% and 30% levels. The product nutrient analysis indicated the following values per 100 gm; potassium: 1747 mg, calcium: 205 mg, magnesium: 153 mg, iron: 2.95 mg, sodium: 41.1 mg, flavonoids: 4.69 mg, total phenol content: 2.74 mg, energy: 397 kcal, protein: 10.9 gm, fat: 14.9 gm, and fiber: 8.2 gm. Conclusion: The nutritious plantain flower with surplus health benefits shall be well utilized by incorporating it in various nutritious recipe preparations like cookies, chocolates, and beverages.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"42 1","pages":"255 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_31_23
Safreena Kabeer, G. Nagamanniammai
Background: Brown rice (BR) is a traditional health food that has high active compounds which have effective preventive and therapeutic effects on many diseases. Brown rice (Oryza sativa) is a healthy grain that has several advantages for infant health compared to white rice. It is one of the healthiest and most researched forms of rice that contains complex carbohydrate giving the feel of satiety and fullness. Due to its high natural nutrition content and fiber content, BR cereal makes the ideal first solid food for infants. Aim: In the current study, the impact of freeze and vacuum drying on the retention of macro and micronutrients was examined. Methods: Freeze drying was carried out at a temperature − 45° ± 5 °C under a vacuum of 10 Pa absolute pressure and vaccum drying was carried out at 40 °C with a vacuum pressure of 76 cm Hg. The proximate composition and micronutrient were analysed as per standard Association of official analytical collaboration (AOAC) methods. Atomic absorption spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to determine the minerals and vitamins in the products and samples. Results: The micronutrient content of the freeze-dried sample was found to contain 42.87 ± 0.13 mg/100 g of potassium, 6.6 ± 0.10 mg/100 g of sodium, 1.39 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of iron, 1.25 ± 0.01 of zinc, and 0.45 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of vitamin B6, whereas the micronutrient content of vacuum-dried powder contains 40.21 ± 0.09 mg/100 g of potassium, 6.4 ± 0.11 mg/100 g of sodium, 1.25 ± 0.01 mg/100 g of iron, 1.08 ± 0.02 of zinc, and 0.42 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of vitamin B6. Conclusion: The results showed that retention of micronutrients in brown rice porridge was high in freeze drying compared to vacuum drying.
{"title":"Effect of freeze and vacuum drying on the retention of nutrient content of brown rice (Oryza sativa) porridge","authors":"Safreena Kabeer, G. Nagamanniammai","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_31_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_31_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brown rice (BR) is a traditional health food that has high active compounds which have effective preventive and therapeutic effects on many diseases. Brown rice (Oryza sativa) is a healthy grain that has several advantages for infant health compared to white rice. It is one of the healthiest and most researched forms of rice that contains complex carbohydrate giving the feel of satiety and fullness. Due to its high natural nutrition content and fiber content, BR cereal makes the ideal first solid food for infants. Aim: In the current study, the impact of freeze and vacuum drying on the retention of macro and micronutrients was examined. Methods: Freeze drying was carried out at a temperature − 45° ± 5 °C under a vacuum of 10 Pa absolute pressure and vaccum drying was carried out at 40 °C with a vacuum pressure of 76 cm Hg. The proximate composition and micronutrient were analysed as per standard Association of official analytical collaboration (AOAC) methods. Atomic absorption spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to determine the minerals and vitamins in the products and samples. Results: The micronutrient content of the freeze-dried sample was found to contain 42.87 ± 0.13 mg/100 g of potassium, 6.6 ± 0.10 mg/100 g of sodium, 1.39 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of iron, 1.25 ± 0.01 of zinc, and 0.45 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of vitamin B6, whereas the micronutrient content of vacuum-dried powder contains 40.21 ± 0.09 mg/100 g of potassium, 6.4 ± 0.11 mg/100 g of sodium, 1.25 ± 0.01 mg/100 g of iron, 1.08 ± 0.02 of zinc, and 0.42 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of vitamin B6. Conclusion: The results showed that retention of micronutrients in brown rice porridge was high in freeze drying compared to vacuum drying.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"6 1","pages":"234 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_26_23
Nilesh Kumar Mitra, Yinghan Chan, Jestin Chellian, J. V. Gnanou
Aims: Alpha-tocopherol (AT) and tocotrienol (TT) are both naturally occurring forms of vitamin E found in palm oil. Previous studies found beneficial effects of AT in multiple sclerosis (MS) animal models. In the present study, the effects of palm oil-derived TT-rich fraction (TRF) and AT on the locomotor function, lipid peroxidation, and histological study of demyelination were compared in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced rat model of MS. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks received pellets mixed with CPZ for a duration of 6 weeks, followed by 100 mg/kg AT (group AT, n = 10) daily and 60 mg/kg TRF (group TT, n = 10) daily and vehicle (group V, n = 10) through oral gavage for 2 weeks. Open field test (OFT) and beam walking test (BWT) were carried out every 10th day. The status of myelination in the corpus callosum was evaluated by Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining and immunohistochemical staining of myelin basic protein (MBP). Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was estimated using brain homogenate. Results: Compared with group V, total distance moved and movement speed increased by 42.6 and 52.9%, respectively in group TT (P < 0.05). Line crossing frequency increased by 39% (P < 0.05) and 36% (P < 0.05), respectively in groups TT and AT. Corpus callosum showed a maximum reduction of demyelinated areas and higher expression of MBP in group TT. MDA level in the cortex was significantly reduced in group AT. Conclusion: TRF improved locomotion and provided histological evidence of myelination in CPZ-withdrawn rats. AT reduced MDA levels in the cortex.
{"title":"Comparing palm oil-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction with alpha-tocopherol in changes in locomotion and histological appearance in a cuprizone-induced animal model of multiple sclerosis","authors":"Nilesh Kumar Mitra, Yinghan Chan, Jestin Chellian, J. V. Gnanou","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_26_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Alpha-tocopherol (AT) and tocotrienol (TT) are both naturally occurring forms of vitamin E found in palm oil. Previous studies found beneficial effects of AT in multiple sclerosis (MS) animal models. In the present study, the effects of palm oil-derived TT-rich fraction (TRF) and AT on the locomotor function, lipid peroxidation, and histological study of demyelination were compared in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced rat model of MS. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks received pellets mixed with CPZ for a duration of 6 weeks, followed by 100 mg/kg AT (group AT, n = 10) daily and 60 mg/kg TRF (group TT, n = 10) daily and vehicle (group V, n = 10) through oral gavage for 2 weeks. Open field test (OFT) and beam walking test (BWT) were carried out every 10th day. The status of myelination in the corpus callosum was evaluated by Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining and immunohistochemical staining of myelin basic protein (MBP). Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was estimated using brain homogenate. Results: Compared with group V, total distance moved and movement speed increased by 42.6 and 52.9%, respectively in group TT (P < 0.05). Line crossing frequency increased by 39% (P < 0.05) and 36% (P < 0.05), respectively in groups TT and AT. Corpus callosum showed a maximum reduction of demyelinated areas and higher expression of MBP in group TT. MDA level in the cortex was significantly reduced in group AT. Conclusion: TRF improved locomotion and provided histological evidence of myelination in CPZ-withdrawn rats. AT reduced MDA levels in the cortex.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"219 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139328163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_30_23
Sai Laavanya Jegatheesan, Silambu Selvi Kumbamoorthy
Background: Milk is an effective post-workout recovery drink for athletes but cannot be used by lactose-intolerant athletes, and seeds are a powerhouse of nutrients that are often underutilized. A plant-based beverage enriched with seeds will be an ideal post-workout supplement for athletes. Objective: The aim of the current study is to develop a nutritious alternative drink for lactose-intolerant athletes. Materials and Methods: A Nutri beverage was developed using coconut milk and a mixture of seeds. Sensory analysis of the control and three variations of the Nutri beverage (A1, A2, and A3) was performed by 30 semi-trained panel members using a 5-point hedonic scale. The best accepted beverage was analyzed for moisture, total ash, energy, total carbohydrate, protein, total fat, zinc, magnesium, iron, and calcium using standard procedures. Results: The sensory analysis of the control and Nutri beverage variations showed that Nutri beverage (A3) was the most acceptable beverage, with a higher average score for aroma and taste and a good product acceptability index of 81%. The moisture and ash content of the Nutri beverage was found to be 79.4 and 0.96 g, respectively. The nutrient analysis of the beverage showed an energy value of 116 kcal, 8.48 g carbohydrate (CHO), 3.65 g protein, 7.5 g fat, 0.95 mg zinc, 42.4 mg magnesium, 77.7 mg calcium, and 1.25 mg iron per 100 g. Conclusion: The Nutri beverage is well acceptable and richer in micronutrients and protein compared to cow’s milk alone. Hence, it can be a healthy post-workout alternative drink for lactose-intolerant athletes.
{"title":"Development and evaluation of a plant-based Nutri beverage: A healthy drink for lactose-intolerant athletes","authors":"Sai Laavanya Jegatheesan, Silambu Selvi Kumbamoorthy","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_30_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_30_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Milk is an effective post-workout recovery drink for athletes but cannot be used by lactose-intolerant athletes, and seeds are a powerhouse of nutrients that are often underutilized. A plant-based beverage enriched with seeds will be an ideal post-workout supplement for athletes. Objective: The aim of the current study is to develop a nutritious alternative drink for lactose-intolerant athletes. Materials and Methods: A Nutri beverage was developed using coconut milk and a mixture of seeds. Sensory analysis of the control and three variations of the Nutri beverage (A1, A2, and A3) was performed by 30 semi-trained panel members using a 5-point hedonic scale. The best accepted beverage was analyzed for moisture, total ash, energy, total carbohydrate, protein, total fat, zinc, magnesium, iron, and calcium using standard procedures. Results: The sensory analysis of the control and Nutri beverage variations showed that Nutri beverage (A3) was the most acceptable beverage, with a higher average score for aroma and taste and a good product acceptability index of 81%. The moisture and ash content of the Nutri beverage was found to be 79.4 and 0.96 g, respectively. The nutrient analysis of the beverage showed an energy value of 116 kcal, 8.48 g carbohydrate (CHO), 3.65 g protein, 7.5 g fat, 0.95 mg zinc, 42.4 mg magnesium, 77.7 mg calcium, and 1.25 mg iron per 100 g. Conclusion: The Nutri beverage is well acceptable and richer in micronutrients and protein compared to cow’s milk alone. Hence, it can be a healthy post-workout alternative drink for lactose-intolerant athletes.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"229 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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