Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_75_22
Devadhason Malarvizhi, Sekar Pasupathy
Background: The ability of the body to maintain continuous rhythmical exercise is referred to as cardio-vascular endurance. Based on previous longitudinal studies, obese children have a higher chance of becoming overweight adults in future. So this study was examining the impact of a school-based lifestyle modifications intervention on overweight and health outcomes among school children for a period of one and a half years. Methodology: The study design was randomized control trial 145 overweight children randomly recruited from 1300 healthy children. Seventy three overweight children from first school was Group A Experimental group and 72 overweight children from second school was Group B Control group. Participants in the study had an average BMI of 85 to 95 percentiles for their age and sex range, and they had to be 11 to 15 years old. Group A was treated with Lifestyle modifications like exercises, nutritional guidelines, and active lifestyle methods along with pamphlet. Group B was given oral instructions and given pamphlet with all instructions. 6MWT was used as an outcome measure to test submaximal exercise tolerance. Results: Group A showed significant improvement in all parameters like distance walked, VO2 Max, resting heart rate, blood pressure than Group B at P < 0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that 18 months of lifestyle modifications are effective in improving the submaximal exercise tolerance in overweight school going children. Government policy makers and school authorities should take extreme steps to encourage physical activity
{"title":"Long Term Lifestyle Modifications on Submaximal Exercise Tolerance Test in Overweight Children, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Devadhason Malarvizhi, Sekar Pasupathy","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_75_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_75_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The ability of the body to maintain continuous rhythmical exercise is referred to as cardio-vascular endurance. Based on previous longitudinal studies, obese children have a higher chance of becoming overweight adults in future. So this study was examining the impact of a school-based lifestyle modifications intervention on overweight and health outcomes among school children for a period of one and a half years. Methodology: The study design was randomized control trial 145 overweight children randomly recruited from 1300 healthy children. Seventy three overweight children from first school was Group A Experimental group and 72 overweight children from second school was Group B Control group. Participants in the study had an average BMI of 85 to 95 percentiles for their age and sex range, and they had to be 11 to 15 years old. Group A was treated with Lifestyle modifications like exercises, nutritional guidelines, and active lifestyle methods along with pamphlet. Group B was given oral instructions and given pamphlet with all instructions. 6MWT was used as an outcome measure to test submaximal exercise tolerance. Results: Group A showed significant improvement in all parameters like distance walked, VO2 Max, resting heart rate, blood pressure than Group B at P < 0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that 18 months of lifestyle modifications are effective in improving the submaximal exercise tolerance in overweight school going children. Government policy makers and school authorities should take extreme steps to encourage physical activity","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"222 1","pages":"32 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89346271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_53_22
S. Shivananda, V. Doddawad, C. Vidya, C. Sanjay, A. Shetty, S. Kalgeri, H. Bhat
Spilanthes acmella, which is commonly known as the toothache plant, has been used as ayurvedic medicine in dentistry for a long time. It is found to have anti-microbial, analgesic, and local anesthetic action. This medicinal plant has been studied for its local anesthetic applications in humans and animals. In this review paper, we have discussed the merits, limitations, safety, and potential future applications of using S. acmella as a local anesthetic drug.
{"title":"The Use of Spilanthes acmella Extracts as a Local Anesthetic Agent in Dentistry: A Review","authors":"S. Shivananda, V. Doddawad, C. Vidya, C. Sanjay, A. Shetty, S. Kalgeri, H. Bhat","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_53_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"Spilanthes acmella, which is commonly known as the toothache plant, has been used as ayurvedic medicine in dentistry for a long time. It is found to have anti-microbial, analgesic, and local anesthetic action. This medicinal plant has been studied for its local anesthetic applications in humans and animals. In this review paper, we have discussed the merits, limitations, safety, and potential future applications of using S. acmella as a local anesthetic drug.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"58 1","pages":"3 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83497723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_54_22
K. Ilamathi, R. Aditi, Praveena Daya A., M. Ramkumar, P. Umeshkumar, R. Bargavi
Background: India is termed as the diabetic capital of the world and modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy dietary behaviors and inadequate physical activity play an important role in the control of diabetes. Objectives: To describe the pattern of diet consumption among Type II diabetic patients who were treated in a Tertiary care Hospital in South India. To describe the nature and extent of sweet consumption and to assess the relationship between nature of diet and sweet consumption among them. Materials and methods: A hospital based cross-sectional analytical study done among 368 adult Type II diabetic patients treated in a tertiary care hospital in South India during May 2020 to Dec 2021. Participants were recruited through consecutive sampling and data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Chi-square test was done to find out association between categorical variables and P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Out of 368 participants, 227 (61.7%) belong to 50 to 69 years followed by 83 (22.6%) in 30 to 49 years age group, 187 (50.8%) were females and 181 (49.2%) were males, 90 (24.5%) were vegetarians, and 278 (75.5%) were non-vegetarians. Sweet consumption in the past 1 month was observed more (54%) among non-vegetarians. Mean ± SD of FBS level among vegetarians versus non-vegetarians was 123 ± 25.6 and 135 ± 34.5. Mean ± SD of PPBS level among vegetarians versus non-vegetarians was 189.4 ± 48.3 versus 208.6 ± 57.4. Conclusion: Participants following vegetarian diet with less sweet consumption and with more involvement in physical activity were observed to have a better diabetic control.
{"title":"Association between Type of Diet, Extent of Sweet Consumption and Status of Physical Activity with Presence of Type II Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"K. Ilamathi, R. Aditi, Praveena Daya A., M. Ramkumar, P. Umeshkumar, R. Bargavi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_54_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_54_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India is termed as the diabetic capital of the world and modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy dietary behaviors and inadequate physical activity play an important role in the control of diabetes. Objectives: To describe the pattern of diet consumption among Type II diabetic patients who were treated in a Tertiary care Hospital in South India. To describe the nature and extent of sweet consumption and to assess the relationship between nature of diet and sweet consumption among them. Materials and methods: A hospital based cross-sectional analytical study done among 368 adult Type II diabetic patients treated in a tertiary care hospital in South India during May 2020 to Dec 2021. Participants were recruited through consecutive sampling and data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Chi-square test was done to find out association between categorical variables and P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Out of 368 participants, 227 (61.7%) belong to 50 to 69 years followed by 83 (22.6%) in 30 to 49 years age group, 187 (50.8%) were females and 181 (49.2%) were males, 90 (24.5%) were vegetarians, and 278 (75.5%) were non-vegetarians. Sweet consumption in the past 1 month was observed more (54%) among non-vegetarians. Mean ± SD of FBS level among vegetarians versus non-vegetarians was 123 ± 25.6 and 135 ± 34.5. Mean ± SD of PPBS level among vegetarians versus non-vegetarians was 189.4 ± 48.3 versus 208.6 ± 57.4. Conclusion: Participants following vegetarian diet with less sweet consumption and with more involvement in physical activity were observed to have a better diabetic control.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"36 1","pages":"40 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74456284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_84_22
V. Kota, S. Sushanth Kumar, A. Wanjari, S. Acharya
Hypertension is related with various cardiovascular diseases, such as end-stage renal disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiac failure. In order to achieve overall control of blood pressure (BP) and reduce high BP related cardiovascular and kidney diseases, avoiding prehypertension becomes a top concern. There are various risk factors like obesity, excessive sodium intake, alcohol intake, and no physical activity. Numerous studies have indicated that conducting intervention toward these modifiable factors can lower BP and possibly stop hypertension from forming. Therefore, current national recommendations and guidelines include dietary adjustments, regular isotonic exercise, and a sodium-reduced diet (less than 100 mmol/d), as well as weight loss in cases of obesity. This review article highlights about halting the progression of prehypertension to hypertension in lifestyle modification and nutrition.
{"title":"Lifestyle modification and nutrition in preventing prehypertension and hypertension – Narrative review","authors":"V. Kota, S. Sushanth Kumar, A. Wanjari, S. Acharya","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_84_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_84_22","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is related with various cardiovascular diseases, such as end-stage renal disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiac failure. In order to achieve overall control of blood pressure (BP) and reduce high BP related cardiovascular and kidney diseases, avoiding prehypertension becomes a top concern. There are various risk factors like obesity, excessive sodium intake, alcohol intake, and no physical activity. Numerous studies have indicated that conducting intervention toward these modifiable factors can lower BP and possibly stop hypertension from forming. Therefore, current national recommendations and guidelines include dietary adjustments, regular isotonic exercise, and a sodium-reduced diet (less than 100 mmol/d), as well as weight loss in cases of obesity. This review article highlights about halting the progression of prehypertension to hypertension in lifestyle modification and nutrition.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"9 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81142071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_67_22
P. Prabhakar, B. Ahmed, S. Chidambaram, Arun Kumar, A. Pandian
The neuroprotective effects of polyphenols have been reported in the prevention of the early onset or delay of the progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease (PD). Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction play significant roles in the pathophysiology of PD. Sinapic acid (SNP) is a naturally occurring polyphenol belonging to a group of hydroxycinnamic acids, which has gained importance owing to its beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to develop an insight into the effects of sinapic acid on mitigating the inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and deranged mitochondrial dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells (SHSY5Y) intoxicated with MPP+. The modulating variations of SNP on apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of proteins like PARKIN, PINK1, DJ-1, Bax, and BCl2 were analyzed in MPP+ induced PD-like toxic conditions. Pre-treatment with SNP decreased the levels of ROS and improved MMP. Also, SNP down-regulated the expression of PARKIN1, caspase-3, and DJ-1, along with a reduction in the expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and TNF-α. Further, SNP was observed to increase the levels of BCl2, an anti-apoptotic protein, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzymatic antioxidant. Based on the above results, the authors concluded that SNP exhibited neurotherapeutic potential in PD-like neurotoxic conditions. The present study reported the preclinical and mechanistic approach to identify the exact mechanism of action of SNP in PD.
{"title":"In Vitro Ameliorative Effects of Sinapic Acid on Parkinson Related Neurotoxicity in SHSY5Y Cell Lines","authors":"P. Prabhakar, B. Ahmed, S. Chidambaram, Arun Kumar, A. Pandian","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_67_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_67_22","url":null,"abstract":"The neuroprotective effects of polyphenols have been reported in the prevention of the early onset or delay of the progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease (PD). Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction play significant roles in the pathophysiology of PD. Sinapic acid (SNP) is a naturally occurring polyphenol belonging to a group of hydroxycinnamic acids, which has gained importance owing to its beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to develop an insight into the effects of sinapic acid on mitigating the inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and deranged mitochondrial dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells (SHSY5Y) intoxicated with MPP+. The modulating variations of SNP on apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of proteins like PARKIN, PINK1, DJ-1, Bax, and BCl2 were analyzed in MPP+ induced PD-like toxic conditions. Pre-treatment with SNP decreased the levels of ROS and improved MMP. Also, SNP down-regulated the expression of PARKIN1, caspase-3, and DJ-1, along with a reduction in the expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and TNF-α. Further, SNP was observed to increase the levels of BCl2, an anti-apoptotic protein, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzymatic antioxidant. Based on the above results, the authors concluded that SNP exhibited neurotherapeutic potential in PD-like neurotoxic conditions. The present study reported the preclinical and mechanistic approach to identify the exact mechanism of action of SNP in PD.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"48 1","pages":"16 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80292819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_68_22
Kadabahalli Shobha, L. Sams, Judie Arulappan, Hanan F Alharbi
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney damage or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months or more, irrespective of the cause. CKD can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which requires renal replacement therapy (RRT) and is associated with morbidity and mortality at all stages. Nurse-led educational interventions play an essential role in improving the awareness of patients, thereby enhancing their quality of life. Purpose: The study assessed the effectiveness of nurse-led educational intervention (NLEI) on knowledge of patients with CKD. Methods: The patients’ level of knowledge was assessed using an 18-item Chronic Kidney Disease Patient Awareness Questionnaire. An NLEI was administered to 50 patients with CKD. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Discussion: The pretest mean knowledge score was 40.42 and SD was ±4.09. The posttest mean knowledge score was 62.52 and SD was ±4.29. The paired t-test showed t = 26.35, df = 49. Significant association was found between the knowledge of patients and their dietary habits @ P ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: NLEI was effective in enhancing the knowledge of CKD patients. This implies that when appropriately implemented, the CKD patients will reap the benefits of NLEI, which has the potential to improve their health status.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Educational Intervention on Knowledge Regarding Management of Chronic Kidney Disease among Patients","authors":"Kadabahalli Shobha, L. Sams, Judie Arulappan, Hanan F Alharbi","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_68_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_68_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney damage or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months or more, irrespective of the cause. CKD can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which requires renal replacement therapy (RRT) and is associated with morbidity and mortality at all stages. Nurse-led educational interventions play an essential role in improving the awareness of patients, thereby enhancing their quality of life. Purpose: The study assessed the effectiveness of nurse-led educational intervention (NLEI) on knowledge of patients with CKD. Methods: The patients’ level of knowledge was assessed using an 18-item Chronic Kidney Disease Patient Awareness Questionnaire. An NLEI was administered to 50 patients with CKD. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Discussion: The pretest mean knowledge score was 40.42 and SD was ±4.09. The posttest mean knowledge score was 62.52 and SD was ±4.29. The paired t-test showed t = 26.35, df = 49. Significant association was found between the knowledge of patients and their dietary habits @ P ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: NLEI was effective in enhancing the knowledge of CKD patients. This implies that when appropriately implemented, the CKD patients will reap the benefits of NLEI, which has the potential to improve their health status.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"15 1","pages":"47 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84812941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_20_22
S. Sundaresan, SelvarajKaveri Lavanya, Govindaraj Nandini
{"title":"Glutamine and Cancer: The Stale and Progress","authors":"S. Sundaresan, SelvarajKaveri Lavanya, Govindaraj Nandini","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_20_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_20_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"38 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73953251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An uncommon autosomal disease, Wilson’s disease wherein excess copper gets accumulated in numerous human tissues, especially the brain, liver, and cornea of the eyes. Wilson’s disease, usually believed to affect adolescents and young adults around the age of 40. There are multiple diverse clinical manifestations of Wilson’s disease, but hepatic involvement and neuropsychiatric symptoms are the most prominent. The disease is degenerative, and if ignored, it can lead to liver impairment, complications with the central nervous system, and even death. Life-threatening complications and major long-term impairment may be minimized with early diagnosis and treatment.
{"title":"Rapid and slow, twist and turn wing beating: Think of Wilson’s disease","authors":"Ojas Mahajan, Anamika Giri, Chrisann Saldhana, Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_94_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_94_22","url":null,"abstract":"An uncommon autosomal disease, Wilson’s disease wherein excess copper gets accumulated in numerous human tissues, especially the brain, liver, and cornea of the eyes. Wilson’s disease, usually believed to affect adolescents and young adults around the age of 40. There are multiple diverse clinical manifestations of Wilson’s disease, but hepatic involvement and neuropsychiatric symptoms are the most prominent. The disease is degenerative, and if ignored, it can lead to liver impairment, complications with the central nervous system, and even death. Life-threatening complications and major long-term impairment may be minimized with early diagnosis and treatment.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"27 1","pages":"77 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88783073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_95_22
S. Khanna, S. Sushanth Kumar, S. Acharya, S. Shukla, Vidyashree Hulkoti, M. Patel, Y. Gupte, Prerna Verma
Background: The role of serum uric acid is controversial when considering it as a risk factor for acute ischemic stroke as it has antioxidant as well as free radical producing properties. This study was conducted to establish a correlation between acute ischemic stroke and serum uric acid levels. We also tried to find the relation between severity and mortality in stroke patients with their serum uric acid levels. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 80 patients of acute ischemic stroke during the period of September 2019 to September 2021 were enrolled. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores were calculated at the time of admission and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at a 3-month follow-up period. A correlation of serum uric acid levels with these scores was assessed. Results: Mean serum uric acid level was 5.9 ± 1.5 mg/dL in cases and statistically significant cut-off value of serum uric acid level as 7.35 mg/dL was obtained for labeling patients of acute ischemic stroke as severe according to the NIHSS scale. A cut-off of 5.95 mg/dL was obtained for serum uric acid as an indicator of mortality, according to the mRS scale. Patients with higher NIHSS, mRS scale scores, and poor GCS scores (score 3 to 8) had significantly elevated serum uric acid levels. Conclusion: Serum uric acid can be a noninvasive and cost-effective tool for assessing acute ischemic stroke severity and predict mortality.
{"title":"Serum uric acid as a biomarker in predicting outcome in patients of acute ischemic stroke: A cross-sectional study at limited resources rural setup","authors":"S. Khanna, S. Sushanth Kumar, S. Acharya, S. Shukla, Vidyashree Hulkoti, M. Patel, Y. Gupte, Prerna Verma","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_95_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_95_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The role of serum uric acid is controversial when considering it as a risk factor for acute ischemic stroke as it has antioxidant as well as free radical producing properties. This study was conducted to establish a correlation between acute ischemic stroke and serum uric acid levels. We also tried to find the relation between severity and mortality in stroke patients with their serum uric acid levels. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 80 patients of acute ischemic stroke during the period of September 2019 to September 2021 were enrolled. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores were calculated at the time of admission and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at a 3-month follow-up period. A correlation of serum uric acid levels with these scores was assessed. Results: Mean serum uric acid level was 5.9 ± 1.5 mg/dL in cases and statistically significant cut-off value of serum uric acid level as 7.35 mg/dL was obtained for labeling patients of acute ischemic stroke as severe according to the NIHSS scale. A cut-off of 5.95 mg/dL was obtained for serum uric acid as an indicator of mortality, according to the mRS scale. Patients with higher NIHSS, mRS scale scores, and poor GCS scores (score 3 to 8) had significantly elevated serum uric acid levels. Conclusion: Serum uric acid can be a noninvasive and cost-effective tool for assessing acute ischemic stroke severity and predict mortality.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"22 1","pages":"68 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75707008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_74_22
P. Prabhakar, Bakrudeen Ahmed Abdul, S. Chidambaram, Arun Kumar, A. Pandian
Parkinsonism is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress is a known causative factor in the death of dopaminergic neurons. Sinapic acid (SNP or SA), a hydroxycinnamic type of the abundantly available plant-derived metabolite, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we assessed the effects of sinapic acid against 1-methyl-4-phenyl 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced Parkinson disease (PD) in a mouse model. The animals were pretreated with vehicle or SNP for a period of 5 days. On Day 5, 45 minutes after giving sinapic acid (SNP/SA) or normal saline (control/vehicle/), MPTP was administered. Motor function was tested using a beam walk test. Dopamine level was measured by HPLC. SNP-pretreated mice showed significant improvement in the levels of dopamine at the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta regions of the brain. SNP also showed improved antioxidants like glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. These were also corroborated by the improvement in motor function tests. Sinapic acid, with its antioxidant ability and dopamine-replenishing properties attenuated the pathological features associated with MPTP intoxicated dopaminergic degeneration in experimental PD.
{"title":"Sinapic Acid Improves Neurotransmitter Status and Oxidative Stress-Related Changes in Mouse Model of Experimental Parkinsonism","authors":"P. Prabhakar, Bakrudeen Ahmed Abdul, S. Chidambaram, Arun Kumar, A. Pandian","doi":"10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_74_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_74_22","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinsonism is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress is a known causative factor in the death of dopaminergic neurons. Sinapic acid (SNP or SA), a hydroxycinnamic type of the abundantly available plant-derived metabolite, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we assessed the effects of sinapic acid against 1-methyl-4-phenyl 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced Parkinson disease (PD) in a mouse model. The animals were pretreated with vehicle or SNP for a period of 5 days. On Day 5, 45 minutes after giving sinapic acid (SNP/SA) or normal saline (control/vehicle/), MPTP was administered. Motor function was tested using a beam walk test. Dopamine level was measured by HPLC. SNP-pretreated mice showed significant improvement in the levels of dopamine at the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta regions of the brain. SNP also showed improved antioxidants like glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. These were also corroborated by the improvement in motor function tests. Sinapic acid, with its antioxidant ability and dopamine-replenishing properties attenuated the pathological features associated with MPTP intoxicated dopaminergic degeneration in experimental PD.","PeriodicalId":14233,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases","volume":"99 1","pages":"25 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80564944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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