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2023 Sixth International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C)最新文献

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Overlapped Context Modeling Using Feature Mapping Functions in the Adaptive Arithmetic Coding Process for Lossless Encoding 基于特征映射函数的自适应算法编码过程中重叠上下文建模的无损编码
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00091
Jian-Jiun Ding, T. Tseng
Context modeling plays a critical role in the adaptive arithmetic coding process. It classifies the causal part into several classes according to the features extracted from the causal neighboring pixels. However, when the feature value is around the border of the ranges of two adjacent contexts, its corresponding probability model cannot be estimated accurately. In this paper, we propose an advanced way for context assignment. We make the contexts overlapped in both the training phase and the coding phase. With the proposed method, more than one context wm be assigned for each input data. Then, the probability model generated by weighted combination is applied to encode the input data. Then, the frequency table corresponds to the context whose range overlaps with the input data value wm be adjusted. Experimental results on lossless image coding show that, with the proposed algorithm, a high coding efficiency can be achieved.
上下文建模在自适应算法编码过程中起着至关重要的作用。根据从相邻像素中提取的特征,将因果部分分为几类。然而,当特征值位于两个相邻上下文的范围边界附近时,无法准确估计其对应的概率模型。在本文中,我们提出了一种高级的上下文赋值方法。我们在训练阶段和编码阶段使上下文重叠。使用所建议的方法,可以为每个输入数据分配多个上下文。然后,利用加权组合生成的概率模型对输入数据进行编码。然后,频率表对应于范围与待调整的输入数据值重叠的上下文。图像无损编码实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的编码效率。
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引用次数: 0
Quick SOH and SOC estimation for commercial 18650 Li-Ion Batteries 快速SOH和SOC估计商用18650锂离子电池
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00079
Yu-Kuo Chang, Kao-chin Lee, Chen-Kang Huang
18650 Li-Ion batteries are used in a lot of applications. In this study, 18650 batteries were explored to have a method to estimate its SOH quickly. Batteries were discharged with a high current for a short period of time. According to the voltage histories for the period, the internal resistance and SOH could be derived. With the current and rated capacity, two parameters could be found. The relationship between SOH and SOC could be found. In short, the proposed method was able to estimate the SOH and SOC with data from high current discharging for a short period time.
18650锂离子电池应用广泛。本研究以18650电池为研究对象,探索一种快速估算其SOH的方法。电池在短时间内以大电流放电。根据这段时间的电压变化历史,可以推导出内阻和SOH。根据电流和额定容量,可以得到两个参数。SOH与SOC之间存在一定的关系。简而言之,该方法能够在短时间内利用大电流放电数据估算出SOH和SOC。
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引用次数: 0
A Collaboration Federated Learning Framework with a Grouping Scheme against Poisoning Attacks 具有抗中毒攻击分组方案的协作联邦学习框架
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00092
Chuan-Kang Liu, Chi-Hui Chiang
Federated learning has been regarded as emerging machine learning framework due to its privacy protection. In the IoT trend, federated learning enables edge clients to predict or classify local detected data with a global model that is computed by a FL server through the aggregation of all local models trained by a base FL algorithm. However, meanwhile, its distributed nature also brings several security challenges. Poisoning attacks are the main security risks that can easily and efficiently affect the accuracy of the global learning model. Previous work proposed a voting strategy which can predict the label of the input robustly no matter the attacks the malicious users use. However, its accuracy also easily falls down as the number of malicious user increases while the number of groups is fixed. This paper proposes a new attack defense algorithm against poisoning attacks in federated learning. This paper uses ID-distribution features to group all clients, including normal and malicious ones. The main idea of this proposed scheme is to put those potential malicious clients in specified groups. Hence, the resulting vote output can accurately classify the dataset inputs, regardless of the number of the groups the learning framework has. Our analytical results also show that our scheme exactly perform better compared to original voting scheme.
联邦学习因其隐私保护而被认为是新兴的机器学习框架。在物联网趋势中,联邦学习使边缘客户端能够使用全局模型预测或分类本地检测到的数据,该模型由FL服务器通过聚合由基本FL算法训练的所有本地模型计算。但与此同时,它的分布式特性也带来了一些安全挑战。中毒攻击是影响全局学习模型准确性的主要安全风险。之前的工作提出了一种无论恶意用户使用何种攻击,都能鲁棒预测输入标签的投票策略。但在群组数量固定的情况下,随着恶意用户数量的增加,其准确率也容易下降。提出了一种新的针对联邦学习中中毒攻击的防御算法。本文利用id分布特性对所有客户端进行分组,包括正常客户端和恶意客户端。该方案的主要思想是将潜在的恶意客户端分组。因此,无论学习框架有多少组,最终的投票输出都可以准确地对数据集输入进行分类。我们的分析结果也表明,我们的方案确实比原来的投票方案具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Attacks on Industrial Internet of Things Using Fewer Features 基于较少特征的工业物联网攻击检测
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00009
Hong-Yu Chuang, Ruey-Maw Chen
Malicious attack detection becomes a critical issue in Industrial IoT(IIoT) environments. Meanwhile, the IoT market is constantly growing, and new IoT devices are connected to the Internet day by day, causing a rapid increase in network traffic. To enable IDS to detect malicious attacks in high-load network environments, a lightweight IDS is required. Therefore, Machine Learning (ML) based intrusion detection systems (IDS) with fewer features to meet the lightweight IDS are applied to the TON_IoT dataset. A Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is applied to calculate correlations among features, followed by Jamovi analysis software’s frequency table to analyze the core features of the TON_IoT dataset. Finally, the original 45 features are reduced to 10 core features for IDS to detect malicious activity. To verify the performance of malicious attack activities with the reduced 10 core features, four evaluation criteria are used: accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Two ML techniques, KNN and RF, are applied for testing. According to experimental results, both ML techniques can detect multiple types of attacks with an accuracy of over 99%, indicating that using the proposed 10 core features for attack detection can still yield high accuracy.
恶意攻击检测成为工业物联网(IIoT)环境中的一个关键问题。与此同时,物联网市场不断增长,新的物联网设备日益接入互联网,导致网络流量快速增长。为了使IDS能够检测高负载网络环境中的恶意攻击,需要轻量级IDS。因此,基于机器学习(ML)的入侵检测系统(IDS)具有较少的特征来满足轻量级的入侵检测系统被应用于TON_IoT数据集。采用Pearson相关系数(PCC)计算特征之间的相关性,利用Jamovi分析软件的频率表分析TON_IoT数据集的核心特征。最后,IDS将原来的45个功能减少到10个核心功能,以检测恶意活动。为了用减少的10个核心特征验证恶意攻击活动的性能,使用了四个评估标准:准确性、精度、召回率和F1分数。两种ML技术,KNN和RF,应用于测试。实验结果表明,两种机器学习技术都可以检测多种类型的攻击,准确率超过99%,这表明使用提出的10个核心特征进行攻击检测仍然可以产生很高的准确率。
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引用次数: 0
A simple laser beam divider for mass-production/small-amount-of-variety applications 一个简单的激光分束器,用于批量生产/少量品种的应用
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00071
Ying-Chang Li, Chu-En Lin, Meng-Hua Yen, Faizal Aprillian, Chia-Yu Hsieh
With the progress of the laser application, the laser manufacturing technology is acceptable for the production line in many industries. The trend of laser applications is one laser source serves one laser manufacturing machine. In this research, we design a system which divide the laser beam into 2 beams. However, this system can enhance the efficiency for not only mass production but also small amount of variety. Moreover, the output laser beam can be individually controlled.
随着激光应用的不断进步,激光制造技术已被许多行业的生产线所接受。一个激光源服务于一台激光加工机是激光应用的发展趋势。在本研究中,我们设计了一个将激光束分成两束的系统。然而,该系统不仅可以提高大批量生产的效率,而且可以提高少量品种的效率。此外,输出激光束可以单独控制。
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引用次数: 0
Self-training and Label Propagation for Semi-supervised Classification 半监督分类的自训练和标签传播
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00101
Yu-An Wang, Che-Jui Yeh, Kai-Wen Chen, Chen-Kuo Chiang
Due to the high cost of manually labeling data and sometimes requiring domain expertise, semi-supervised methods have received a lot of attention. Self-training is a very effective semi-supervised method that greatly improves the problem of insufficient labeled data in classification tasks. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised classification algorithm based on self-training and label propagation. Specifically, our self-training architecture uses two soft pseudo-labels obtained by the fine-tuned model and label propagation as input to obtain the output of the pseudo-label prediction model, and then selects the high-confidence output of the pseudo-label prediction model as the pseudo-label data. Additionally, we use ImageNet pre-train models for fine-tuning, which greatly reduces learning time and improves accuracy. Experiments show that our method can achieve effective accuracy improvement on a large amount of unlabeled data.
由于人工标记数据的成本高,有时需要领域的专业知识,半监督方法受到了广泛的关注。自训练是一种非常有效的半监督方法,极大地改善了分类任务中标注数据不足的问题。本文提出了一种基于自训练和标签传播的半监督分类算法。具体来说,我们的自训练架构使用微调模型和标签传播获得的两个软伪标签作为输入,获得伪标签预测模型的输出,然后选择伪标签预测模型的高置信度输出作为伪标签数据。此外,我们使用ImageNet预训练模型进行微调,大大减少了学习时间,提高了准确性。实验表明,该方法可以在大量未标记数据上实现有效的准确率提升。
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引用次数: 0
Tracking and Analyzing Locomotor Changes in Zebrafish 斑马鱼运动变化的跟踪与分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00015
Chien-Feng Chiu, Yu-Hao Lee, An-Bang Liu, Hsin-Ru Liu, Wei-Min Liu
Zebrafish is one of the most widely used model organisms for behavior research in biomedical and pharmaceutical field. Many zebrafish studies used drugs to test its responses, then tracked its movement and analyzed the locomotor features. Such tracking analysis is a challenging task due to the complex body deformation, occasional occlusions, and its “burst” movements. In this study an object detection model YOLOv7 and a multi-object tracking method StrongSORT were integrated to develop an automated zebrafish tracking system and generate relevant locomotor features. Several analyses can be performed through the system. First, we proposed to use approximate entropy to quantify a series of locomotor feature change to evaluate the regularity and unpredictability of movement. Second, through the tracking function we can establish the locomotor trajectory data and collect the time series of several locomotor features including distance, velocity, and different types of body angles when a zebrafish moving in a camera-monitored tank. These analyses help us further understand the impact of drugs through zebrafish’s movement change. The experimental results showed the capabilities of the proposed system and demonstrated that the extracted motion features can be used to distinguish healthy versus diseased groups of zebrafish. The proposed system provides a useful and friendly tool for zebrafish research.
斑马鱼是生物医学和制药领域行为学研究中应用最广泛的模式生物之一。许多斑马鱼研究使用药物来测试其反应,然后跟踪其运动并分析运动特征。这种跟踪分析是一项具有挑战性的任务,由于复杂的身体变形,偶尔的闭塞,它的“爆发”运动。本研究将目标检测模型YOLOv7与多目标跟踪方法StrongSORT相结合,开发了斑马鱼自动跟踪系统,并生成了相应的运动特征。通过该系统可以执行多种分析。首先,我们提出使用近似熵来量化一系列运动特征变化,以评估运动的规律性和不可预测性。其次,通过跟踪函数建立运动轨迹数据,采集斑马鱼在摄像机监控的水箱中运动时的距离、速度、不同类型的身体角度等运动特征的时间序列。这些分析有助于我们进一步了解药物对斑马鱼运动变化的影响。实验结果表明了该系统的功能,并证明了提取的运动特征可以用于区分健康和患病的斑马鱼群体。该系统为斑马鱼的研究提供了一个实用友好的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Chemical Displacing Time for the Characteristics of the Nonvolatile Oxide-based Resistive Memory Devices 化学置换时间对非易失性氧化基电阻性存储器件特性的影响
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00068
Chu-En Lin, Bo Yu, H. You, Yi-Ching Cheng, Jung-Chih Lin, C. Wu
A nonvolatile oxide-based resistive memory device by using chemical displacing technique (CDT) copper as the metal electrode was demonstrated in this paper. The advantages of CDT Cu include low-cost, high selectivity, and low-temperature process. The fabricated CDT Cu film performed a rough surface, which was beneficial to the filament pathway formation of the electrochemical metallization (ECM) type ReRAM device. We compared the roughness of CDT Cu films in different chemical displacing time, and demonstrated the impact of the CDT Cu electrode to the electrical properties of the resistive memory devices. The obtained results show that the device with short CDT time, which have rough surface, exhibits low operation electric field and good reliability. This is because low voltage is needed and thus effect of Joule heating can be effectively diminished during operation.
介绍了一种以化学置换技术(CDT)铜为金属电极的非挥发性氧化物基电阻式记忆器件。CDT铜具有成本低、选择性高、工艺温度低等优点。所制备的CDT Cu薄膜表面粗糙,有利于电化学金属化(ECM)型ReRAM器件的灯丝通路形成。我们比较了不同化学置换时间下CDT Cu薄膜的粗糙度,并论证了CDT Cu电极对电阻式记忆器件电性能的影响。实验结果表明,该器件的CDT时间短,表面粗糙,运行电场小,可靠性好。这是因为需要低电压,因此在运行过程中可以有效地减少焦耳加热的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Wearable PVDF-TrFE-based Pressure Sensors for Throat Vibrations and Arterial Pulses Monitoring 基于pvdf - trfe的可穿戴压力传感器,用于喉部振动和动脉脉冲监测
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00013
Dai-Wei Huang, Ji-Lan Liu, Ching-Te Kuo
This paper presents a self-powered flexible pressure sensor called the TVAP sensor for throat vibration and wrist arterial pulse monitoring. The sensor is fabricated using PVDF-TrFE nanofibers, which are more suitable for wearable devices than conventional piezoelectric ceramics due to their low cost, high flexibility, and biocompatibility. The TVAP sensor is able to convert mechanical energy into electricity and vice versa and has a sensitivity of 102 mV/N for sensing force. Experimental results demonstrate the TVAP sensor’s ability to detect pressure changes and promising potential for detecting early onset of cardiovascular disease and assessing personal health status.
本文介绍了一种用于咽喉振动和腕动脉脉搏监测的自供电柔性压力传感器TVAP。该传感器由PVDF-TrFE纳米纤维制成,由于其低成本、高柔韧性和生物相容性,比传统的压电陶瓷更适合用于可穿戴设备。TVAP传感器能够将机械能转换为电能,反之亦然,并且具有102 mV/N的灵敏度,用于感应力。实验结果表明,TVAP传感器具有检测压力变化的能力,在检测早期心血管疾病和评估个人健康状况方面具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Polynomial Graph Filter Design Using Legendre Polynomials 利用勒让德多项式设计多项式图滤波器
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IS3C57901.2023.00086
C. Tseng, Su-Ling Lee
Polynomial graph filter (PGF) is an important tool for processing the irregular data captured from various complex networks, so the design of PGF is studied in this paper. First, Legendre polynomials are briefly reviewed and the basics of graph signal processing (GSP) are described. Second, the PGF design using Legendre polynomials is presented. The closed-form solution of filter coefficients is derived for lowpass, bandpass and highpass filters. Third, an efficient implementation structure of PGF based on recurrence relation of Legendre polynomials is investigated. Finally, the signal denoising application of sensor network data is demonstrated to show that the PGF method has better performance than the conventional smoothness-based method in term of the improvement of signal to noise ratio.
多项式图滤波器(PGF)是处理从各种复杂网络中捕获的不规则数据的重要工具,因此本文对PGF的设计进行了研究。首先,简要回顾了勒让德多项式,并描述了图信号处理(GSP)的基础。其次,提出了基于勒让德多项式的PGF设计。推导了低通、带通和高通滤波器的滤波器系数的闭式解。第三,研究了一种基于Legendre多项式递归关系的PGF的有效实现结构。最后,通过对传感器网络数据的信号去噪实验,验证了PGF方法在提高信噪比方面优于传统的基于平滑度的方法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2023 Sixth International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C)
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