Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7467874
B. Tekgun, Ali R. Boynuegri Chowdhury, Md Asif Mahmood, Y. Sozer
In this paper, design and implementation of a sinusoidal flux controller has been proposed for a core loss tester for eliminating the higher order harmonics from the flux passing through the core. The core loss test is performed with a toroidal transformer that consists of a main and sense windings wound on a toroidal core. The flux through the core is calculated with the numerical integration of the sense coil voltage. The controller commands the voltage applied to the main winding to keep the sense coil voltage thus the flux waveform sinusoidal. A single-phase SiC inverter operating at 150 kHz has been developed to generate the waveforms, an LC filter is used between the converter and the toroidal transformer to smooth the pulsating inverter output voltages. To be able to achieve zero steady state error and fast tracking as well as being robust to the periodic errors, a new controller is proposed. The proposed controller includes the periodic, conventional feedback and feedforward controllers and coordinates them. The designed controller has been simulated and it has been found that the flux waveform tracks the reference fast enough with a satisfactory steady state error. The system has been tested through experiments and experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
{"title":"Design and implementation of a sinusoidal flux controller for core loss measurements","authors":"B. Tekgun, Ali R. Boynuegri Chowdhury, Md Asif Mahmood, Y. Sozer","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7467874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7467874","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, design and implementation of a sinusoidal flux controller has been proposed for a core loss tester for eliminating the higher order harmonics from the flux passing through the core. The core loss test is performed with a toroidal transformer that consists of a main and sense windings wound on a toroidal core. The flux through the core is calculated with the numerical integration of the sense coil voltage. The controller commands the voltage applied to the main winding to keep the sense coil voltage thus the flux waveform sinusoidal. A single-phase SiC inverter operating at 150 kHz has been developed to generate the waveforms, an LC filter is used between the converter and the toroidal transformer to smooth the pulsating inverter output voltages. To be able to achieve zero steady state error and fast tracking as well as being robust to the periodic errors, a new controller is proposed. The proposed controller includes the periodic, conventional feedback and feedforward controllers and coordinates them. The designed controller has been simulated and it has been found that the flux waveform tracks the reference fast enough with a satisfactory steady state error. The system has been tested through experiments and experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129791968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7467985
T. Wu, Hui-Chung Hsieh, L.-C. Lin, C.-H. Chang
There has been a growing demand of using multi-function inverters for grid-connected systems applied to nonconventional energy sources, such as solar, wind and so on. In addition to power quality conditioning, the inverter can also be used for bidirectional active power exchange with a three-phase four-wire grid. Therefore, the inverter acts as a multi-function compensator. The functions of the proposed inverter system include active power injection, rectification and active power filtering (APF) (including phase power balancing). This paper presents design and implementation of a three-leg split-capacitor shunt multi-function inverter with division-summation (D-Σ) digital control. The adopted D-Σ digital control can accommodate filter inductance variation, reducing core size significantly, and its control laws can be derived directly to cancel the variation effects of dc-bus voltage, switching period and filter inductance. An average power method is adopted in this paper for determining fundamental currents at the source side. In the design and implementation, the inductances corresponding to various inductor currents were estimated at the startup and stored in the microcontroller for scheduling loop gain cycle by cycle, which can insure system stability. Measured results from a three-phase four-wire inverter have confirmed the analysis and discussion.
{"title":"Design and implementation of D-Σ digital controlled multi-function inverter to achieve APF, active power injection and rectification","authors":"T. Wu, Hui-Chung Hsieh, L.-C. Lin, C.-H. Chang","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7467985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7467985","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a growing demand of using multi-function inverters for grid-connected systems applied to nonconventional energy sources, such as solar, wind and so on. In addition to power quality conditioning, the inverter can also be used for bidirectional active power exchange with a three-phase four-wire grid. Therefore, the inverter acts as a multi-function compensator. The functions of the proposed inverter system include active power injection, rectification and active power filtering (APF) (including phase power balancing). This paper presents design and implementation of a three-leg split-capacitor shunt multi-function inverter with division-summation (D-Σ) digital control. The adopted D-Σ digital control can accommodate filter inductance variation, reducing core size significantly, and its control laws can be derived directly to cancel the variation effects of dc-bus voltage, switching period and filter inductance. An average power method is adopted in this paper for determining fundamental currents at the source side. In the design and implementation, the inductances corresponding to various inductor currents were estimated at the startup and stored in the microcontroller for scheduling loop gain cycle by cycle, which can insure system stability. Measured results from a three-phase four-wire inverter have confirmed the analysis and discussion.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129901125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7467851
Ayan Mallik, B. Faulkner, A. Khaligh
Advances in power electronics are enabling More Electric Aircrafts (MEAs) to replace pneumatic systems with electrical systems. Active power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers are used in MEAs to rectify the output voltage of the three-phase AC-DC boost converter, while maintaining a unity input power factor. Many existing control strategies implement PI compensators, with slow response times, in their voltage and current loops. Alternatively, computationally expensive nonlinear controllers can be chosen to generate input currents with high power factor and low total harmonic distortion (THD), but they may need to be operated at high switching frequencies due to relatively slower execution of control loop. In this work, a novel control strategy is proposed for a three-phase, single-stage boost-type rectifier that is capable of tight and fast regulation of the output voltage, while simultaneously achieving unity input power factor, without constraining the operating switching frequency. The proposed control strategy is implemented, using one voltage-loop PI controller and a linearized transfer function of duty-ratio to input current, for inner loop current control. A 1.5 kW three-phase boost PFC prototype is designed and developed to validate the proposed control algorithm. The experimental results show that an input power factor of 0.992 and a tightly regulated DC link voltage with 3% ripple can be achieved.
{"title":"Control of a single-stage three-phase boost power factor correction rectifier","authors":"Ayan Mallik, B. Faulkner, A. Khaligh","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7467851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7467851","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in power electronics are enabling More Electric Aircrafts (MEAs) to replace pneumatic systems with electrical systems. Active power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers are used in MEAs to rectify the output voltage of the three-phase AC-DC boost converter, while maintaining a unity input power factor. Many existing control strategies implement PI compensators, with slow response times, in their voltage and current loops. Alternatively, computationally expensive nonlinear controllers can be chosen to generate input currents with high power factor and low total harmonic distortion (THD), but they may need to be operated at high switching frequencies due to relatively slower execution of control loop. In this work, a novel control strategy is proposed for a three-phase, single-stage boost-type rectifier that is capable of tight and fast regulation of the output voltage, while simultaneously achieving unity input power factor, without constraining the operating switching frequency. The proposed control strategy is implemented, using one voltage-loop PI controller and a linearized transfer function of duty-ratio to input current, for inner loop current control. A 1.5 kW three-phase boost PFC prototype is designed and developed to validate the proposed control algorithm. The experimental results show that an input power factor of 0.992 and a tightly regulated DC link voltage with 3% ripple can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127106186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468311
M. Salameh, Ben Schweitzer, P. Sveum, S. Al-Hallaj, M. Krishnamurthy
This paper proposes the design of an online temperature estimation technique for a Li-ion battery pack that utilizes phase change composite (PCC™) for thermal management. The phase change composite allows heat absorption and distribution, enabling lightweight and compact packs with extended cycle-life and safety. A coupled electro-thermal model has been developed for the cylindrical 18650 Li-ion cells, from which the cell heat generation is calculated. The electrical equivalent circuit comprises three RC pairs, where their values are functions of temperature and state of charge. An analytical thermal model is developed for the battery pack, considering the phase change composite and cells, which allows online temperature estimation all over the battery pack.
{"title":"Online temperature estimation for phase change composite - 18650 lithium ion cells based battery pack","authors":"M. Salameh, Ben Schweitzer, P. Sveum, S. Al-Hallaj, M. Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7468311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468311","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the design of an online temperature estimation technique for a Li-ion battery pack that utilizes phase change composite (PCC™) for thermal management. The phase change composite allows heat absorption and distribution, enabling lightweight and compact packs with extended cycle-life and safety. A coupled electro-thermal model has been developed for the cylindrical 18650 Li-ion cells, from which the cell heat generation is calculated. The electrical equivalent circuit comprises three RC pairs, where their values are functions of temperature and state of charge. An analytical thermal model is developed for the battery pack, considering the phase change composite and cells, which allows online temperature estimation all over the battery pack.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127393784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468327
V. I. Kumar, S. Kapat
Envelope tracking (ET) applications demand high tracking bandwidth and high efficiency using a DC-DC converter. Design based on small-signal models using fixed frequency digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) often results in limited closed-loop bandwidth. This paper proposes a mixed-signal hysteresis current control (MSHCC) in a DC-DC buck converter with an analog current-loop and a digital voltage controller Gc(z). This achieves robust stability and parameter insensitive current ripple by sampling the output voltage at the rising edge of high side gate signal. A fixed-gain power amplifier driven by a buck converter can be assumed to be a constant resistive load. Thus the load current information is directly obtained from the reference command, which further improves the tracking performance. The real-time tuning of Gc(z) using the proposed MSHCC achieves fast recovery with an inherent current limiting, and the use of the internal model control (IMC) further minimizes the tracking error. A fixed frequency operation can be achieved through a real-time band adaptation. The proposed controller is implemented using an FPGA device.
{"title":"Mixed-signal hysteretic internal model control of buck converters for ultra-fast envelope tracking","authors":"V. I. Kumar, S. Kapat","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7468327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468327","url":null,"abstract":"Envelope tracking (ET) applications demand high tracking bandwidth and high efficiency using a DC-DC converter. Design based on small-signal models using fixed frequency digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) often results in limited closed-loop bandwidth. This paper proposes a mixed-signal hysteresis current control (MSHCC) in a DC-DC buck converter with an analog current-loop and a digital voltage controller Gc(z). This achieves robust stability and parameter insensitive current ripple by sampling the output voltage at the rising edge of high side gate signal. A fixed-gain power amplifier driven by a buck converter can be assumed to be a constant resistive load. Thus the load current information is directly obtained from the reference command, which further improves the tracking performance. The real-time tuning of Gc(z) using the proposed MSHCC achieves fast recovery with an inherent current limiting, and the use of the internal model control (IMC) further minimizes the tracking error. A fixed frequency operation can be achieved through a real-time band adaptation. The proposed controller is implemented using an FPGA device.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129930744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468312
Jian-wei Yang, M. Dou, Zhiyong Dai, Dongdong Zhao, Zhen Zhang
Multiphase PMSMs are widely used in fault-tolerant control applications. And one of the important fault-tolerant control problems is fault diagnosis. In most existing references, the fault diagnosis always focuses on three-phase PMSM. In this paper, a novel model and a fault diagnosis method of inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) fault for five-phase PMSM based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) are presented. There are two contributions in this paper: 1) By analyzing the physical parameters of the PMSM, such as resistance, inductance and flux, the mathematic model of ITSC fault for five-phase PMSM is established. 2) A parameter estimation method based on PSO algorithm, which introduces a fitness function related to the ITSC ratio and reformulates the fault parameters identification problem as the extreme seeking problem, is proposed to track the actual ITSC ratio and detect the fault level for five-phase PMSM. Simulation results provide preliminary verification of the proposed model and fault diagnosis method.
{"title":"Modeling and fault diagnosis of inter-turn short circuit for five-phase PMSM based on Particle Swarm Optimization","authors":"Jian-wei Yang, M. Dou, Zhiyong Dai, Dongdong Zhao, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7468312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468312","url":null,"abstract":"Multiphase PMSMs are widely used in fault-tolerant control applications. And one of the important fault-tolerant control problems is fault diagnosis. In most existing references, the fault diagnosis always focuses on three-phase PMSM. In this paper, a novel model and a fault diagnosis method of inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) fault for five-phase PMSM based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) are presented. There are two contributions in this paper: 1) By analyzing the physical parameters of the PMSM, such as resistance, inductance and flux, the mathematic model of ITSC fault for five-phase PMSM is established. 2) A parameter estimation method based on PSO algorithm, which introduces a fitness function related to the ITSC ratio and reformulates the fault parameters identification problem as the extreme seeking problem, is proposed to track the actual ITSC ratio and detect the fault level for five-phase PMSM. Simulation results provide preliminary verification of the proposed model and fault diagnosis method.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129154313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7467981
Tao Xu, F. Gao
The distributed inverters are generally integrated into power grid without switching sequence coordinated control capability since they are equipped with their own micro controllers to command the output quantities. The switching ripples of all distributed inverters will then be randomly accumulated at the point of common coupling. The recently proposed global synchronous pulsewidth modulation (GSPWM) method however can significantly attenuate the accumulated switching ripples by periodically coordinating the distributed inverters at low synchronization frequency. GSPWM can be applied to reduce filter or switching frequency of coordinated inverters under high reliable communication system. While to increase the system robustness, this paper deeply analyzes the performance of GSPWM when the communication channels fail, especially lose the synchronous signals. And then the self-synchronization method is proposed to avoid the breakdown of GSPWM. Moreover, the self-synchronization operation could benefit to explore a simplified method to calculate the sending frequency of synchronous signals, which can greatly release the calculation burden. Finally, experimental results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed self-synchronization operation of GSWPM.
{"title":"Self-synchronization operation of global synchronous pulsewidth modulation with communication fault tolerant and simplified calculation capabilities","authors":"Tao Xu, F. Gao","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7467981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7467981","url":null,"abstract":"The distributed inverters are generally integrated into power grid without switching sequence coordinated control capability since they are equipped with their own micro controllers to command the output quantities. The switching ripples of all distributed inverters will then be randomly accumulated at the point of common coupling. The recently proposed global synchronous pulsewidth modulation (GSPWM) method however can significantly attenuate the accumulated switching ripples by periodically coordinating the distributed inverters at low synchronization frequency. GSPWM can be applied to reduce filter or switching frequency of coordinated inverters under high reliable communication system. While to increase the system robustness, this paper deeply analyzes the performance of GSPWM when the communication channels fail, especially lose the synchronous signals. And then the self-synchronization method is proposed to avoid the breakdown of GSPWM. Moreover, the self-synchronization operation could benefit to explore a simplified method to calculate the sending frequency of synchronous signals, which can greatly release the calculation burden. Finally, experimental results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed self-synchronization operation of GSWPM.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132880504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7467882
A. Bahman, Ke Ma, F. Blaabjerg
Accurate thermal dynamics modeling of high power Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) modules is important information for the reliability analysis and thermal design of power electronic systems. However, the existing thermal models have their limits to correctly predict these complicated thermal behaviors in the IGBTs. In this paper, a new three-dimensional (3D) lumped thermal model is proposed, which can easily be characterized from Finite Element Methods (FEM) based simulation and acquire the thermal distribution in critical points. Meanwhile the boundary conditions including the cooling system and power losses are modeled in the 3D thermal model, which can be adapted to different real field applications of power electronic converters. The accuracy of the proposed thermal model is verified by experimental results.
{"title":"General 3D lumped thermal model with various boundary conditions for high power IGBT modules","authors":"A. Bahman, Ke Ma, F. Blaabjerg","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7467882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7467882","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate thermal dynamics modeling of high power Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) modules is important information for the reliability analysis and thermal design of power electronic systems. However, the existing thermal models have their limits to correctly predict these complicated thermal behaviors in the IGBTs. In this paper, a new three-dimensional (3D) lumped thermal model is proposed, which can easily be characterized from Finite Element Methods (FEM) based simulation and acquire the thermal distribution in critical points. Meanwhile the boundary conditions including the cooling system and power losses are modeled in the 3D thermal model, which can be adapted to different real field applications of power electronic converters. The accuracy of the proposed thermal model is verified by experimental results.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130414057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468192
M. Ghat, A. Shukla, Richa Mishra
Recently, a hybrid modular multilevel converter with cascaded full bridges (HMMC-CFB) is proposed. This converter has mainly two parts: a director part (DP) and a wave shaping part (WSP). The DP consists of a conventional modular multilevel converter (MMC) with half bridge submodules (HBS). The WSP is a series connection of full bridge submodules (FBS) and attenuates the voltage harmonics produced by DP. The energy exchanged by WSP changes with modulation index and causes improper capacitor voltage regulation. For satisfactory operation of HMMC-CFB, the total capacitor voltage of WSP should remain constant. This paper presents an analysis of energy exchanged by WSP and proposes a new control technique to regulate the total dc voltage of WSP. In the proposed control, the energy exchanged by WSP is controlled by changing the slope of the voltage reference signal of DP. In addition, analysis of circulating current of HMMC-CFB is presented. A circulating current suppressing controller (CCSC) is used to control the second harmonic component. The performance of the proposed control technique for the standalone model of HMMC-CFB is evaluated by using time domain simulation studies in the PSCAD software environment. To test fault blocking capability of converter, a grid connected model is built in PSCAD and analyzed for dc fault tolerant capability.
{"title":"A new capacitor voltage balancing control for hybrid modular multilevel converter with cascaded full bridge","authors":"M. Ghat, A. Shukla, Richa Mishra","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7468192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468192","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a hybrid modular multilevel converter with cascaded full bridges (HMMC-CFB) is proposed. This converter has mainly two parts: a director part (DP) and a wave shaping part (WSP). The DP consists of a conventional modular multilevel converter (MMC) with half bridge submodules (HBS). The WSP is a series connection of full bridge submodules (FBS) and attenuates the voltage harmonics produced by DP. The energy exchanged by WSP changes with modulation index and causes improper capacitor voltage regulation. For satisfactory operation of HMMC-CFB, the total capacitor voltage of WSP should remain constant. This paper presents an analysis of energy exchanged by WSP and proposes a new control technique to regulate the total dc voltage of WSP. In the proposed control, the energy exchanged by WSP is controlled by changing the slope of the voltage reference signal of DP. In addition, analysis of circulating current of HMMC-CFB is presented. A circulating current suppressing controller (CCSC) is used to control the second harmonic component. The performance of the proposed control technique for the standalone model of HMMC-CFB is evaluated by using time domain simulation studies in the PSCAD software environment. To test fault blocking capability of converter, a grid connected model is built in PSCAD and analyzed for dc fault tolerant capability.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127893794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-20DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7467929
Xiaoping Wang, K. Yao, Junfang Zhang
Critical conduction mode(CRM) Buck power factor correction(PFC) with peak current-controlled of currentmode control, its traditional control is constant on-time control, the switching frequency varies with the input voltage and load variations, and a relatively large frequency range, lead to a large of switching loss. This paper proposes a variable on-time control strategy for a CRM Buck PFC converter. By injecting a certain amount of third harmonic in the peak current reference signal, obtaining the optimization of the switching frequency range, reduction of the switching loss and the ripple of output voltage. Analyzing the operating principle and performance of CRM Buck PFC converter with constant on-time and variable on-time control strategy respectively, further designing the control circuit. Simulation results show that the variable on-time control strategy can effectively reduce the switching frequency of the switch, improve the performance of CRM Buck PFC converter.
{"title":"Reducing the switching frequency variation range for CRM buck PFC converter by variable on-time control","authors":"Xiaoping Wang, K. Yao, Junfang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2016.7467929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7467929","url":null,"abstract":"Critical conduction mode(CRM) Buck power factor correction(PFC) with peak current-controlled of currentmode control, its traditional control is constant on-time control, the switching frequency varies with the input voltage and load variations, and a relatively large frequency range, lead to a large of switching loss. This paper proposes a variable on-time control strategy for a CRM Buck PFC converter. By injecting a certain amount of third harmonic in the peak current reference signal, obtaining the optimization of the switching frequency range, reduction of the switching loss and the ripple of output voltage. Analyzing the operating principle and performance of CRM Buck PFC converter with constant on-time and variable on-time control strategy respectively, further designing the control circuit. Simulation results show that the variable on-time control strategy can effectively reduce the switching frequency of the switch, improve the performance of CRM Buck PFC converter.","PeriodicalId":143091,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129208699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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