Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.48
Heejung Kim, N. Lee, Sunjoo Kim, J. Shin, M. N. Kim, E. Kim, S. Koo, N. Ryoo, Jae Seok Kim, J. Cho
Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
{"title":"Characteristics of Microorganisms Isolated from Blood Cultures at Nine University Hospitals in Korea during 2009","authors":"Heejung Kim, N. Lee, Sunjoo Kim, J. Shin, M. N. Kim, E. Kim, S. Koo, N. Ryoo, Jae Seok Kim, J. Cho","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.48","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130268400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.79
Young-in Kim, K. Park, I. Park, Seohyung Park, W. Lee
Listeria grayi is a catalase-positive, non-spore forming, and glucose-fermenting Gram-positive rod. L. grayi is widely distributed in environments such as soil, water and fresh food. Human infection by L. grayi is very rare, and there have been no cases reported in Korea, and only two cases worldwide. Dermabacter hominis is a relatively new species belonging to the coryneform bacteria and is a component of the normal human skin flora. D. hominis is a non-motile, glucose-fermenting, Gram-positive rod that has similar biochemical characteristics to L. grayi. The authors of the present study report a case initially misidentified as L. grayi via a traditional morphological and biochemical identification method but that was subsequently confirmed as D. hominis using sequence analysis of 16S rRNA. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:79-82)
{"title":"A Case of Misidentification of Dermabacter hominis as Listeria grayi","authors":"Young-in Kim, K. Park, I. Park, Seohyung Park, W. Lee","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.79","url":null,"abstract":"Listeria grayi is a catalase-positive, non-spore forming, and glucose-fermenting Gram-positive rod. L. grayi is widely distributed in environments such as soil, water and fresh food. Human infection by L. grayi is very rare, and there have been no cases reported in Korea, and only two cases worldwide. Dermabacter hominis is a relatively new species belonging to the coryneform bacteria and is a component of the normal human skin flora. D. hominis is a non-motile, glucose-fermenting, Gram-positive rod that has similar biochemical characteristics to L. grayi. The authors of the present study report a case initially misidentified as L. grayi via a traditional morphological and biochemical identification method but that was subsequently confirmed as D. hominis using sequence analysis of 16S rRNA. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:79-82)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127758462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.83
Sunjoo Kim
{"title":"Attending the 21st Annual Meeting of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","authors":"Sunjoo Kim","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.83","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124062875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.41
Mi Hee Jang, Go-eun Choi, Chulhun L. Chang, Yeongcheon Kim
Molecular strain typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is important for the detection of outbreaks of tuberculosis and laboratory cross contamination, as well as the differentiation between re-infection and reactivation of tuberculosis. In the present review, the authors investigated the currently available typing methods for M. tuberculosis and the current status of strain distribution in Korea. IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), which is considered a standard method, is based on numbers and positions of the insertion sequence, IS6110. The method has an excellent discriminatory power with a considerable amount of worldwide data, although it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Spoligotyping is based on the presence or absence of spacer sequences between direct repeat (DR) regions. PCR amplification allows for the possibility of application in the early suspicious stage. The data can be easily digitized; however, it shows identical profiles in Beijing family strains. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeat (MIRUVNTR) is another PCR-based genotyping method with a good discrimination power whose data can also be easily digitized. In Korea, the prevalence of Beijing family strains have been as high as 80 to 87%. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:41-47)
{"title":"Characteristics of Molecular Strain Typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated from Korea.","authors":"Mi Hee Jang, Go-eun Choi, Chulhun L. Chang, Yeongcheon Kim","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.41","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular strain typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is important for the detection of outbreaks of tuberculosis and laboratory cross contamination, as well as the differentiation between re-infection and reactivation of tuberculosis. In the present review, the authors investigated the currently available typing methods for M. tuberculosis and the current status of strain distribution in Korea. IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), which is considered a standard method, is based on numbers and positions of the insertion sequence, IS6110. The method has an excellent discriminatory power with a considerable amount of worldwide data, although it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Spoligotyping is based on the presence or absence of spacer sequences between direct repeat (DR) regions. PCR amplification allows for the possibility of application in the early suspicious stage. The data can be easily digitized; however, it shows identical profiles in Beijing family strains. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeat (MIRUVNTR) is another PCR-based genotyping method with a good discrimination power whose data can also be easily digitized. In Korea, the prevalence of Beijing family strains have been as high as 80 to 87%. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:41-47)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"121 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122710556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.55
Sangsun Hwang, K. Oh, I. Jang, Y. Uh, K. Yoon, Hyo Youl Kim, Young Keun Kim
Background: The AdvanSure TB/NTM real-time PCR kit (AdvanSure) was newly developed in Korea to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) utilizing a specific primer and TaqMan probe targeting the IS6110 and rpoB genes which are unique to these species. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility of AdvanSure by comparing the results of acid-fast staining, mycobacteria culture, COBAS Amplicor MTB PCR (Amplicor), and AdvanSure. Methods: A total of 182 specimens (105 respiratory and 77 nonrespiratory specimens) were obtained from 165 patients, and acid fast bacilli (AFB) staining, mycobacteria culture, and Amplicor were performed on all specimens. AdvanSure was also performed on the above specimens using the SLAN real-time PCR detection system. The sensitivity and specificity of AdvanSure were analyzed using AFB staining and culture. Results: Of the 182 specimens, M. tuberculosis was detected in 43 specimens and NTM was detected in 12 specimens according to PCR and/or culture. The sensitivity and specificity of the AdvanSure based on AFB culture were 97.3% (36/37) and 95.5% (127/ 133) in M. tuberculosis and 75.0% (9/12) and 100% (0/133) in NTM, respectively. Conclusion: AdvanSure could be useful for detecting M. tuberculosis and NTM in the clinical laboratory with high sensitivity and specificity. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:55-59)
{"title":"Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the AdvanSure TB/NTM Real-Time PCR Kit for Detection of Mycobacteria","authors":"Sangsun Hwang, K. Oh, I. Jang, Y. Uh, K. Yoon, Hyo Youl Kim, Young Keun Kim","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.55","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The AdvanSure TB/NTM real-time PCR kit (AdvanSure) was newly developed in Korea to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) utilizing a specific primer and TaqMan probe targeting the IS6110 and rpoB genes which are unique to these species. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility of AdvanSure by comparing the results of acid-fast staining, mycobacteria culture, COBAS Amplicor MTB PCR (Amplicor), and AdvanSure. Methods: A total of 182 specimens (105 respiratory and 77 nonrespiratory specimens) were obtained from 165 patients, and acid fast bacilli (AFB) staining, mycobacteria culture, and Amplicor were performed on all specimens. AdvanSure was also performed on the above specimens using the SLAN real-time PCR detection system. The sensitivity and specificity of AdvanSure were analyzed using AFB staining and culture. Results: Of the 182 specimens, M. tuberculosis was detected in 43 specimens and NTM was detected in 12 specimens according to PCR and/or culture. The sensitivity and specificity of the AdvanSure based on AFB culture were 97.3% (36/37) and 95.5% (127/ 133) in M. tuberculosis and 75.0% (9/12) and 100% (0/133) in NTM, respectively. Conclusion: AdvanSure could be useful for detecting M. tuberculosis and NTM in the clinical laboratory with high sensitivity and specificity. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:55-59)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130337827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.60
Hye Hyun Cho, J. Sung, K. Kwon, Jinsook Lim, S. Koo
Background: Enterococcus faecium has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen worldwide, and this trend has been associated with the dissemination of a genetic lineage designated clonal complex 17 (CC17). In the present study, characterization of the glycopeptide resistance mechanism, genetic relatedness, and pathogenicity in isolates of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium in the Chungcheong area were investigated. Methods: A total of 37 consecutive, non-duplicate, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium were isolated at three university hospitals in the Chungcheong area. The mechanism of glycopeptide resistance and pathogenicity factors were studied using PCR, and the genetic relatedness was determined via multilocus sequence type and esp repeat profile analysis. Additionally, the quinolone resistance-determining regions of parC and gyrA were sequenced to identify mutations involved in ciprofloxacin resistance. Results: Two genotypes of VRE were confirmed: VanAphenotype vanA genotype VRE (25 isolates) and VanB-phenotype vanA genotype VRE (12 isolates). MLST analysis revealed five sequence types. A significant result was that ST414 and CNS4 (4-11-1-1-1-1) were considered as belonging to CC17. The esp and hyl genes were found in 100% and 86.4% of the isolates, respectively. A total of 37 isolates showed genetic mutations in parC and gyrA. Conclusion: All isolated strains in the present study belonged to one of the CC17 genotypes including ST414 and CNS4 (4-1-1-1-1-1-1), which were not previously detected in Korea. The combination of MLST and the esp gene repeat profiles can be useful for genetic characterization of VREF isolates with regard to the evolutionary process and epidemiology of the clones. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:6066)
{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Multilocus Sequence Typing of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolated from the Chungcheong Area","authors":"Hye Hyun Cho, J. Sung, K. Kwon, Jinsook Lim, S. Koo","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enterococcus faecium has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen worldwide, and this trend has been associated with the dissemination of a genetic lineage designated clonal complex 17 (CC17). In the present study, characterization of the glycopeptide resistance mechanism, genetic relatedness, and pathogenicity in isolates of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium in the Chungcheong area were investigated. Methods: A total of 37 consecutive, non-duplicate, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium were isolated at three university hospitals in the Chungcheong area. The mechanism of glycopeptide resistance and pathogenicity factors were studied using PCR, and the genetic relatedness was determined via multilocus sequence type and esp repeat profile analysis. Additionally, the quinolone resistance-determining regions of parC and gyrA were sequenced to identify mutations involved in ciprofloxacin resistance. Results: Two genotypes of VRE were confirmed: VanAphenotype vanA genotype VRE (25 isolates) and VanB-phenotype vanA genotype VRE (12 isolates). MLST analysis revealed five sequence types. A significant result was that ST414 and CNS4 (4-11-1-1-1-1) were considered as belonging to CC17. The esp and hyl genes were found in 100% and 86.4% of the isolates, respectively. A total of 37 isolates showed genetic mutations in parC and gyrA. Conclusion: All isolated strains in the present study belonged to one of the CC17 genotypes including ST414 and CNS4 (4-1-1-1-1-1-1), which were not previously detected in Korea. The combination of MLST and the esp gene repeat profiles can be useful for genetic characterization of VREF isolates with regard to the evolutionary process and epidemiology of the clones. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:6066)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134234891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.74
H. Huh, E. S. Kim, S. Chae
Results: There were 34 samples with discrepant results between the GeneOhm MRSA PCR and culture. The overall agreement was 90.7%. For the detection of MRSA, the GeneOhm MRSA PCR was 96.8% sensitive and 86.3% specific, with positive and negative predictive values of 83.9% and 97.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Identification of MRSA-colonized patients was achieved in as little as two hours, and the high negative predictive value of GeneOhm MRSA PCR suggests that the assay is a rapid method for the identification of persons who are not colonized with MRSA. However, due to the low positive predictive value, GeneOhm MRSA PCR combined with enrichment culture in cases of positive GeneOhm MRSA PCR is potentially useful for active MRSA surveillance activities. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14: 74-78)
{"title":"Evaluation of the BD GeneOhm MRSA Real-time PCR Assay for Detection of Nasal Colonization by MRSA","authors":"H. Huh, E. S. Kim, S. Chae","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.74","url":null,"abstract":"Results: There were 34 samples with discrepant results between the GeneOhm MRSA PCR and culture. The overall agreement was 90.7%. For the detection of MRSA, the GeneOhm MRSA PCR was 96.8% sensitive and 86.3% specific, with positive and negative predictive values of 83.9% and 97.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Identification of MRSA-colonized patients was achieved in as little as two hours, and the high negative predictive value of GeneOhm MRSA PCR suggests that the assay is a rapid method for the identification of persons who are not colonized with MRSA. However, due to the low positive predictive value, GeneOhm MRSA PCR combined with enrichment culture in cases of positive GeneOhm MRSA PCR is potentially useful for active MRSA surveillance activities. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14: 74-78)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133414340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.67
H. Jeong, B. Son, D. Shin, Donghee Ryu, S. Hong, Kyudong Han, K. Shin
Background: In the present study, the resistance mechanisms against carbapenems and aminoglyco- sides for 23 strains of multi-drug-resistant Acineto- bacter baumannii isolated at a university hospital were investigated. Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined via broth microdilution or Etest. The genes encoding OXA-type carbapenemases and 16S rRNA methylase were identified using multiplex PCR, and the amplified products were sequenced. Conju- gation experiments were conducted, and an epi- demiologic study was performed using enterobac- terial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. Results: In the isolates, the MICs of the tested ami- noglycosides, including arbekacin, were >1024 μg/ mL; the MICs of aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin ranged from 64 to 128 μg/mL; and the MICs of carbapenem ranged from 32 to 64 μg/ mL, as determined through the broth microdilution test. According to the E-test, the MICs of ampicillin/ sulbactam and colistin were 8 and 0.25 to 0.38 μg/ mL, respectively. Sequence analysis confirmed that all of the isolates expressed carbapenemases OXA- 23 and OXA-66, as well as armA 16S rRNA methy- lase. In addition, ISAba1 was identified upstream of the gene encoding OXA-23. OXA-23 and armA were not transferred to Escherichia coli J53 cells in the transconjugation experiments. ERIC-PCR molecular fingerprinting produced a single pattern in all cases. Conclusion: The co-production of OXA-23 and armA 16S rRNA methylase may be attributed to the multi- drug resistance of the A. baumannii isolates in the present study. Stricter surveillance and more rapid detection are necessary to prevent the spread of this type of resistance in the future. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:67-73)
{"title":"Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii Co-producing Carbapenemases OXA-23 and OXA-66, and armA 16S Ribosomal RNA Methylase at a University Hospital in South Korea","authors":"H. Jeong, B. Son, D. Shin, Donghee Ryu, S. Hong, Kyudong Han, K. Shin","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the present study, the resistance mechanisms against carbapenems and aminoglyco- sides for 23 strains of multi-drug-resistant Acineto- bacter baumannii isolated at a university hospital were investigated. Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined via broth microdilution or Etest. The genes encoding OXA-type carbapenemases and 16S rRNA methylase were identified using multiplex PCR, and the amplified products were sequenced. Conju- gation experiments were conducted, and an epi- demiologic study was performed using enterobac- terial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. Results: In the isolates, the MICs of the tested ami- noglycosides, including arbekacin, were >1024 μg/ mL; the MICs of aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin ranged from 64 to 128 μg/mL; and the MICs of carbapenem ranged from 32 to 64 μg/ mL, as determined through the broth microdilution test. According to the E-test, the MICs of ampicillin/ sulbactam and colistin were 8 and 0.25 to 0.38 μg/ mL, respectively. Sequence analysis confirmed that all of the isolates expressed carbapenemases OXA- 23 and OXA-66, as well as armA 16S rRNA methy- lase. In addition, ISAba1 was identified upstream of the gene encoding OXA-23. OXA-23 and armA were not transferred to Escherichia coli J53 cells in the transconjugation experiments. ERIC-PCR molecular fingerprinting produced a single pattern in all cases. Conclusion: The co-production of OXA-23 and armA 16S rRNA methylase may be attributed to the multi- drug resistance of the A. baumannii isolates in the present study. Stricter surveillance and more rapid detection are necessary to prevent the spread of this type of resistance in the future. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:67-73)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126025484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.1.7
H. Jin, Jae Yun Jang, Y. Uh, O. Kwon, K. Yoon, Hyo Youl Kim, Young Keun Kim
Background: Bacteremia is a life-threatening infection, and prognosis is highly dependent on early recognition and treatment with appropriate antimicrobial agents. We investigated the diagnostic performance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) for differentiation between contaminants and true pathogens in blood cultures. Methods: Serum PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood culture were performed for 473 patients between February 2008 and October 2008. We retrospectively reviewed the patients' clinical characteristics and laboratory results based on medical records. Results: The mean concentration of PCT was significantly different between the two negative and positive blood culture groups (6.45 ng/mL vs 28.77 ng/ mL, P<0.001). Procalcitonin levels were found to be markedly higher in those with Gram-negative bacilli (mean±SD; 59.58±67.00 ng/mL) bacteremia than in those with Gram-positive cocci (mean±SD; 17.75±42.88 ng/mL) bacteremia (P<0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (95% confidence interval) for PCT and CRP were 0.880 (0.820∼ 0.940) and 0.637 (0.538∼0.736), respectively. The use of a PCT level of 2 ng/mL as a cutoff value yielded an 83.6% positive predictive value and a 77.4% negative predictive value for the detection of bacteremia pathogens. Conclusion: Serum PCT is a helpful diagnostic marker for rapidly and accurately distinguishing between contaminants and pathogens in blood cultures. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:7-12)
{"title":"The Value of Serum Procalcitonin Level for Differentiation between Contaminants and Pathogens in Bacteremia.","authors":"H. Jin, Jae Yun Jang, Y. Uh, O. Kwon, K. Yoon, Hyo Youl Kim, Young Keun Kim","doi":"10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacteremia is a life-threatening infection, and prognosis is highly dependent on early recognition and treatment with appropriate antimicrobial agents. We investigated the diagnostic performance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) for differentiation between contaminants and true pathogens in blood cultures. Methods: Serum PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood culture were performed for 473 patients between February 2008 and October 2008. We retrospectively reviewed the patients' clinical characteristics and laboratory results based on medical records. Results: The mean concentration of PCT was significantly different between the two negative and positive blood culture groups (6.45 ng/mL vs 28.77 ng/ mL, P<0.001). Procalcitonin levels were found to be markedly higher in those with Gram-negative bacilli (mean±SD; 59.58±67.00 ng/mL) bacteremia than in those with Gram-positive cocci (mean±SD; 17.75±42.88 ng/mL) bacteremia (P<0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (95% confidence interval) for PCT and CRP were 0.880 (0.820∼ 0.940) and 0.637 (0.538∼0.736), respectively. The use of a PCT level of 2 ng/mL as a cutoff value yielded an 83.6% positive predictive value and a 77.4% negative predictive value for the detection of bacteremia pathogens. Conclusion: Serum PCT is a helpful diagnostic marker for rapidly and accurately distinguishing between contaminants and pathogens in blood cultures. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:7-12)","PeriodicalId":143093,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123320109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-01DOI: 10.5145/KJCM.2011.14.1.1
Min Jin Kim, S. Moon, T. Park, J. Suh, Hee-Joo Lee
Background: There have been previous clinical research studies on clinical manifestations of meningitis in adults or children; however, few have focused on including both groups and none on the causative organism and its susceptibilities to antibiotics. Here we describe the distribution of causative organism and its antibiotic susceptibilities of meningitis from spinal fluid positive patients of a university hospital. Methods: Cases of spinal fluid culture results from admitted patients in Kyung Hee Medical Center from July 2004 to June 2009 were analyzed retrospectively by their medical records and laboratory results. Results: Ninety five cases of positive spinal fluid culture results were obtained and 25 cases fit the diagnostic criteria for bacterial meningitis. 5 cases were spontaneous meningitis and 20 were post cranial surgery meningitis. Among the 25 patients, fever was the most common clinical presentation (100%) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt was the most common causative procedure of post cranial surgery meningitis. Streptococcus pneumoniae for spontaneous meningitis and Acinetobacter species for post cranial surgery meningitis was identified as the most common causative organisms. Conclusion: Recurrent positive spinal fluid culture results of the same organism was found in expired patients due to post cranial surgery meningitis and also from the culture results of the wound and intra-cranial inserted instruments, suggesting post operative infection control is directly related to morbidity requiring adequate usage of antibiotics rather than empirical broad spectrum antibiotics. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2011;14:1-6)
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