Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113827
Zeinab Soleimani Javid, Jarkko Niiranen
The current study investigates the free vibration behavior of curved beams made of triangular lattice metamaterials. The focus of the study is in simplifying the standard computational analysis by a novel approach of modeling curved lattice structures as homogenized Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams within the strain gradient theory, to incorporate size effects possessed by lattice structures. The governing equations of the strain gradient beam models are derived through variational methods, and solutions are obtained by using the differential quadrature method. Detailed finite element analyses are adopted for validation. The study examines the effects of thickness, lattice size, center angle and boundary conditions on stiffness and vibration characteristics, demonstrating that the strain gradient beam models provide accurate results unlike the corresponding classical beam models. The findings on the mechanical behavior and modeling approach have practical applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing, where lightweight and stiff structures are critical for performance adaptation and optimization.
{"title":"Triangular lattice metamaterials in curved beam structures: Free vibration analysis with strain gradient beam models","authors":"Zeinab Soleimani Javid, Jarkko Niiranen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigates the free vibration behavior of curved beams made of triangular lattice metamaterials. The focus of the study is in simplifying the standard computational analysis by a novel approach of modeling curved lattice structures as homogenized Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams within the strain gradient theory, to incorporate size effects possessed by lattice structures. The governing equations of the strain gradient beam models are derived through variational methods, and solutions are obtained by using the differential quadrature method. Detailed finite element analyses are adopted for validation. The study examines the effects of thickness, lattice size, center angle and boundary conditions on stiffness and vibration characteristics, demonstrating that the strain gradient beam models provide accurate results unlike the corresponding classical beam models. The findings on the mechanical behavior and modeling approach have practical applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing, where lightweight and stiff structures are critical for performance adaptation and optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 113827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113815
D.H. Tumarada, V. Ravulapalli, G. Raju
In recent years, 3D-printed mechanical metamaterials have gained prominence in the field of soft structures to realize unprecedented mechanical functionalities. These structures are being architected using beam geometries to exploit their bistable configuration for energy absorption or locomotion applications. The viscous properties of flexible materials are usually overlooked in their design, which can affect their stability transitions, specifically in dynamic applications. Hence, this work investigates the influence of nonlinear viscoelasticity on the stability of a 3D-printed unit cell, a building block of metamaterials. Using a systematic parametric study, a cosine-shaped housing unit cell is designed and 3D-printed in Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a material that has earned increasing attention for its flexibility. Material characterization is carried out to calibrate a three-network model that accurately captures the nonlinear viscous properties of TPU for finite element (FE) simulations. A 3D-printed unit cell is tested under axial compression, and its full-field response, captured using a 3D-Digital Image Correlation setup, is used to validate the FE model. Subsequently, experiments are carried out by varying the loading rates and boundary conditions, and the influence of the viscous dissipation on the stability transitions in a unit cell is investigated using FE. The stability transitions of the unit cell from monostable or bistable to pseudobistable states are studied using the dynamic evolution of total elastic strain energy. The results of this study emphasize the vital role of material properties in designing 3D-printed soft metamaterials for energy absorption or soft robotic applications.
{"title":"Effects of nonlinear viscoelasticity on the stability of 3D-printed metamaterials","authors":"D.H. Tumarada, V. Ravulapalli, G. Raju","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, 3D-printed mechanical metamaterials have gained prominence in the field of soft structures to realize unprecedented mechanical functionalities. These structures are being architected using beam geometries to exploit their bistable configuration for energy absorption or locomotion applications. The viscous properties of flexible materials are usually overlooked in their design, which can affect their stability transitions, specifically in dynamic applications. Hence, this work investigates the influence of nonlinear viscoelasticity on the stability of a 3D-printed unit cell, a building block of metamaterials. Using a systematic parametric study, a cosine-shaped housing unit cell is designed and 3D-printed in Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a material that has earned increasing attention for its flexibility. Material characterization is carried out to calibrate a three-network model that accurately captures the nonlinear viscous properties of TPU for finite element (FE) simulations. A 3D-printed unit cell is tested under axial compression, and its full-field response, captured using a 3D-Digital Image Correlation setup, is used to validate the FE model. Subsequently, experiments are carried out by varying the loading rates and boundary conditions, and the influence of the viscous dissipation on the stability transitions in a unit cell is investigated using FE. The stability transitions of the unit cell from monostable or bistable to pseudobistable states are studied using the dynamic evolution of total elastic strain energy. The results of this study emphasize the vital role of material properties in designing 3D-printed soft metamaterials for energy absorption or soft robotic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113790
L.F. Varandas, A.R. Melro, G. Allegri, S.R. Hallett
A semi-analytical model is proposed to simulate the bridging behaviour of novel z-pin materials and architectures recently developed to ensure balanced mode I to mode II delamination bridging. The computational model describes these z-pins as Timoshenko beams embedded in an elastic foundation representing the surrounding composite laminate. Governing equations for the behaviour of the z-pins are derived, with appropriate modifications made to the original formulation to account for the bridging actions of the novel z-pins. A genetic algorithm is proposed to calibrate the necessary input parameters of the model, based on the specific type of z-pin being considered. The model is validated through comparison with numerous experimental single z-pin datasets and effectively outputs the ultimate displacement and energy dissipated per unit area, normalised with respect to areal density, for future use in macroscopic modelling simulations, with the underlying assumptions and limitations explicitly acknowledged and discussed.
{"title":"A semi-analytical bridging model for assessing energy dissipation of monolithic and hybrid z-pins in composite laminates","authors":"L.F. Varandas, A.R. Melro, G. Allegri, S.R. Hallett","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A semi-analytical model is proposed to simulate the bridging behaviour of novel z-pin materials and architectures recently developed to ensure balanced mode I to mode II delamination bridging. The computational model describes these z-pins as Timoshenko beams embedded in an elastic foundation representing the surrounding composite laminate. Governing equations for the behaviour of the z-pins are derived, with appropriate modifications made to the original formulation to account for the bridging actions of the novel z-pins. A genetic algorithm is proposed to calibrate the necessary input parameters of the model, based on the specific type of z-pin being considered. The model is validated through comparison with numerous experimental single z-pin datasets and effectively outputs the ultimate displacement and energy dissipated per unit area, normalised with respect to areal density, for future use in macroscopic modelling simulations, with the underlying assumptions and limitations explicitly acknowledged and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113786
Fengnan Guo , Hua Zhang , Yufu Chen , Hongjun Yu
A new time-related interaction integral method (TRIIM) is proposed to efficiently compute the fracture parameters in nonhomogeneous viscoelastic materials with complex interfaces. Based on decoupling the viscous dissipation and free energy, a new interaction integral form of energy release rate is derived through actual fields and incompatible auxiliary fields. The domain independence of the new TRIIM can be proved to stand even when the interaction domain intersects discontinuity viscoelastic interfaces. Used in conjunction with the extended finite element method (XFEM), the present method’s accuracy and domain-independence are verified through several typical fracture problems in viscoelastic materials. Moreover, the influences of discontinuity interfaces and inclusion on fracture parameters are investigated in this paper. Numerical results show that the viscoelastic fracture parameters at the crack tip have significant variations during the process of the interface approaching the crack tip. Furthermore, compared with homogeneous materials, when the inclusion parameter (or ) exceeds that of the matrix, the energy release rate decreases; conversely, it increases. And the influence of the inclusion on fracture parameters intensifies as it approaches the crack tip, while the effect gradually diminishes with increasing distance from the tip.
{"title":"A time-related interaction integral method for crack problems in linear viscoelastic material containing complex interfaces","authors":"Fengnan Guo , Hua Zhang , Yufu Chen , Hongjun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new time-related interaction integral method (TRIIM) is proposed to efficiently compute the fracture parameters in nonhomogeneous viscoelastic materials with complex interfaces. Based on decoupling the viscous dissipation and free energy, a new interaction integral form of energy release rate is derived through actual fields and incompatible auxiliary fields. The domain independence of the new TRIIM can be proved to stand even when the interaction domain intersects discontinuity viscoelastic interfaces. Used in conjunction with the extended finite element method (XFEM), the present method’s accuracy and domain-independence are verified through several typical fracture problems in viscoelastic materials. Moreover, the influences of discontinuity interfaces and inclusion on fracture parameters are investigated in this paper. Numerical results show that the viscoelastic fracture parameters at the crack tip have significant variations during the process of the interface approaching the crack tip. Furthermore, compared with homogeneous materials, when the inclusion parameter <span><math><msub><mi>k</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span> (or <span><math><msub><mi>k</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span>) exceeds that of the matrix, the energy release rate decreases; conversely, it increases. And the influence of the inclusion on fracture parameters intensifies as it approaches the crack tip, while the effect gradually diminishes with increasing distance from the tip.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113772
Ruoyu Sun , Nilesh D. Mankame , Girish Krishnan
Failure mode-based partitioning of the failure envelope of a structure can make the design process for optimal structures more efficient. However, partitioning the failure envelope is challenging for structures whose failure modes are not known a priori. We present a two-step algorithm that automates the failure mode-based partition of the failure envelope for a structure and demonstrate its capability using tubes with a circular cross section as canonical structural elements. The first step of the algorithm employs non-intrusive finite element analyses (FEA) to generate the structure’s failure envelope. The von Mises stress field at the onset of failure encapsulates critical information about the failure mode. We exploit this observation by using the stress field output by the first step of the algorithm as input for the second step. The second step of the algorithm uses clustering, an unsupervised machine learning technique, to partition the failure envelope based on the von Mises stress field at the onset of failure. We use the algorithm to generate partitions of the failure envelope for tubes with circular cross sections subjected to pure bending and three-point bending. In the pure bending case, where analytical results are available in the literature, the results from our algorithm show good agreement with analytical results. We provide practical guidelines for choosing suitable values for the various parameters and hyperparameters in the algorithm.
{"title":"Automating the failure mode based partition of the failure envelope for tubes using unsupervised machine learning","authors":"Ruoyu Sun , Nilesh D. Mankame , Girish Krishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Failure mode-based partitioning of the failure envelope of a structure can make the design process for optimal structures more efficient. However, partitioning the failure envelope is challenging for structures whose failure modes are not known a priori. We present a two-step algorithm that automates the failure mode-based partition of the failure envelope for a structure and demonstrate its capability using tubes with a circular cross section as canonical structural elements. The first step of the algorithm employs non-intrusive finite element analyses (FEA) to generate the structure’s failure envelope. The von Mises stress field at the onset of failure encapsulates critical information about the failure mode. We exploit this observation by using the stress field output by the first step of the algorithm as input for the second step. The second step of the algorithm uses clustering, an unsupervised machine learning technique, to partition the failure envelope based on the von Mises stress field at the onset of failure. We use the algorithm to generate partitions of the failure envelope for tubes with circular cross sections subjected to pure bending and three-point bending. In the pure bending case, where analytical results are available in the literature, the results from our algorithm show good agreement with analytical results. We provide practical guidelines for choosing suitable values for the various parameters and hyperparameters in the algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113768
Antoine Vintache , Pierre Baudoin , Renaud Gras , Florent Mathieu , François Hild
This study presents a method to identify Dirichlet boundary conditions (BCs) and constitutive parameters from heterogeneous experimental data, solving a multi-objective optimization problem. The BCs are parameterized as remote rigid body motions leading to a very low number of unknowns and allowing for faster convergence. This methods enables for accurate models of material and structural tests to be obtained. A comparison with classical methods of BC determination is introduced, demonstrating the advantages of the proposed approach. The identified models are evaluated by introducing a validation metric based on experimental data and their uncertainties. The approach is illustrated by using a multi-instrumented tensile test on a well-characterized material. Beyond this validation example, the introduced method paves the way for improved model updating of large-scale tests.
{"title":"On the identification of rigid body boundary conditions from full-field measurements","authors":"Antoine Vintache , Pierre Baudoin , Renaud Gras , Florent Mathieu , François Hild","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a method to identify Dirichlet boundary conditions (BCs) and constitutive parameters from heterogeneous experimental data, solving a multi-objective optimization problem. The BCs are parameterized as remote rigid body motions leading to a very low number of unknowns and allowing for faster convergence. This methods enables for accurate models of material and structural tests to be obtained. A comparison with classical methods of BC determination is introduced, demonstrating the advantages of the proposed approach. The identified models are evaluated by introducing a validation metric based on experimental data and their uncertainties. The approach is illustrated by using a multi-instrumented tensile test on a well-characterized material. Beyond this validation example, the introduced method paves the way for improved model updating of large-scale tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113809
Yue Xiong , Song Liu , Minghui Gong , Lei Jiang , Xing Cai , Hongchang Wang , Tao Xu , Jinxiang Hong
Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit (ART) systems subject pavements to exceptional loading conditions that represent primary mechanisms of structural deterioration. Accurate characterization of tire-pavement dynamic contact stresses is essential for structural analysis and performance prediction of ART pavement. Conventional asphalt pavement analysis relies on simplified static uniform circular load assumptions, systematically neglecting dynamic loading characteristics and non-uniform contact stress distributions. Current methodologies inadequately capture the coupled effects of vehicle dynamics and heavy-load amplification factors. This study employs integrated finite element-TruckSim co-simulation to quantify three-dimensional non-uniform contact stress fields under static, steady-state, and emergency braking scenarios for ART vehicles. The coupled modeling framework incorporates vehicle dynamics corrections to establish comprehensive tire-pavement interaction characterization. Results demonstrate that three-dimensional tire-pavement contact forces exhibit parabolic-to-trigonometric distribution patterns across the contact interface. Under static conditions, axle load exerts dominant influence over contact force magnitude, substantially exceeding tire pressure effects. Contact forces show minimal sensitivity to velocity variations during steady-state operation, while emergency braking induces significant stress amplification up to 13.0%, with heavy-load configurations substantially intensifying stress concentration phenomena. The validated triaxial contact stress functions provide enhanced predictive capabilities for heavy-duty pavement design applications, with potential applications extending to industrial pavement systems under concentrated loading regimes.
{"title":"Triaxial contact stress characterization for autonomous rail rapid transit pavements using coupled vehicle-pavement dynamic simulation","authors":"Yue Xiong , Song Liu , Minghui Gong , Lei Jiang , Xing Cai , Hongchang Wang , Tao Xu , Jinxiang Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit (ART) systems subject pavements to exceptional loading conditions that represent primary mechanisms of structural deterioration. Accurate characterization of tire-pavement dynamic contact stresses is essential for structural analysis and performance prediction of ART pavement. Conventional asphalt pavement analysis relies on simplified static uniform circular load assumptions, systematically neglecting dynamic loading characteristics and non-uniform contact stress distributions. Current methodologies inadequately capture the coupled effects of vehicle dynamics and heavy-load amplification factors. This study employs integrated finite element-TruckSim co-simulation to quantify three-dimensional non-uniform contact stress fields under static, steady-state, and emergency braking scenarios for ART vehicles. The coupled modeling framework incorporates vehicle dynamics corrections to establish comprehensive tire-pavement interaction characterization. Results demonstrate that three-dimensional tire-pavement contact forces exhibit parabolic-to-trigonometric distribution patterns across the contact interface. Under static conditions, axle load exerts dominant influence over contact force magnitude, substantially exceeding tire pressure effects. Contact forces show minimal sensitivity to velocity variations during steady-state operation, while emergency braking induces significant stress amplification up to 13.0%, with heavy-load configurations substantially intensifying stress concentration phenomena. The validated triaxial contact stress functions provide enhanced predictive capabilities for heavy-duty pavement design applications, with potential applications extending to industrial pavement systems under concentrated loading regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113808
Jingyi Leng, Patrick Dangla, Matthieu Vandamme
A clear understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the sorption-induced deformation of porous materials is essential for a variety of applications, e.g., natural gas production from and CO2 sequestration into coalbed and shale formations. To describe the deformation of partially saturated porous materials with a wide pore size distribution, El Tabbal et al. (2020) proposed a poromechanical model derived from thermodynamic considerations. In our work, we propose a derivation of El Tabbal’s model in a Lagrangian form and improve it by 1) considering the specificity of the fluid adsorption on the pore surface and 2) modeling the strain variation during the adsorbate cavitation. We validate the model by applying it to sorption and strain isotherms measured by various authors with a variety of adsorbate/adsorbent couples. We then study the impact of several uncertainties on the shape of the strain isotherm, namely the cavitation pressure, the experimentally defined “dry state”, and the calculated BET-specific surface area. The model is capable of predicting the shape of strain isotherms without any fitting parameters.
对多孔材料吸附变形背后的物理机制的清晰理解对于各种应用至关重要，例如煤层气和页岩地层的天然气开采和二氧化碳封存。El Tabbal et al.（2020）为了描述具有宽孔径分布的部分饱和多孔材料的变形，提出了一种基于热力学考虑的孔隙力学模型。在我们的工作中，我们提出了El Tabbal模型的拉格朗日形式的推导，并通过1)考虑流体在孔表面吸附的特殊性和2)模拟吸附质空化过程中的应变变化来改进它。我们通过将其应用于不同作者用各种吸附物/吸附剂对测量的吸附和应变等温线来验证该模型。然后，我们研究了几个不确定因素对应变等温线形状的影响，即空化压力、实验定义的“干燥状态”和计算的bet比表面积。该模型能够在不需要任何拟合参数的情况下预测应变等温线的形状。
{"title":"Modeling of sorption-induced deformations of porous materials due to surface adsorption, capillary effects, and cavitation","authors":"Jingyi Leng, Patrick Dangla, Matthieu Vandamme","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A clear understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the sorption-induced deformation of porous materials is essential for a variety of applications, e.g., natural gas production from and CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration into coalbed and shale formations. To describe the deformation of partially saturated porous materials with a wide pore size distribution, <span><span>El Tabbal et al. (2020)</span></span> proposed a poromechanical model derived from thermodynamic considerations. In our work, we propose a derivation of El Tabbal’s model in a Lagrangian form and improve it by 1) considering the specificity of the fluid adsorption on the pore surface and 2) modeling the strain variation during the adsorbate cavitation. We validate the model by applying it to sorption and strain isotherms measured by various authors with a variety of adsorbate/adsorbent couples. We then study the impact of several uncertainties on the shape of the strain isotherm, namely the cavitation pressure, the experimentally defined “dry state”, and the calculated BET-specific surface area. The model is capable of predicting the shape of strain isotherms without any fitting parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113807
D. Shahsavari , L. Dorfmann , P. Saxena
We evaluate the conditions for surface stability of a layered magnetoelastic half-space subjected to large deformations and a magnetic field. After reviewing the fundamental measures of deformation and summarizing the magnetostatic equations in Eulerian and Lagrangian forms, we derive the constitutive relations from a total energy function dependent on the deformation gradient and the Lagrangian magnetic induction. Energy principles yield the equilibrium equations, magnetic field equations, and boundary conditions. The second variation of the energy functional provides the incremental equations and conditions for stability analysis. Surface instability is studied by linearizing increments of deformation and magnetic induction about a finitely deformed state under a magnetic field normal to the surface. Four illustrative cases are considered: (i) a layered non-magnetizable half-space with varying stiffness contrast; (ii) the critical stretch of a magnetoelastic half-space as a function of magnetic induction; (iii) surface stability of a magneto-sensitive layer atop a non-magnetizable substrate; and (iv) bifurcation conditions of a two-layers magnetoelastic solid with different stiffness ratios. Bifurcation criteria in the form of coupled critical stretch and wavenumber is determined using a bespoke optimization protocol developed using an arc-length continuation method. Graphical results are provided throughout.
{"title":"Surface stability of a layered magnetoelastic half-space","authors":"D. Shahsavari , L. Dorfmann , P. Saxena","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We evaluate the conditions for surface stability of a layered magnetoelastic half-space subjected to large deformations and a magnetic field. After reviewing the fundamental measures of deformation and summarizing the magnetostatic equations in Eulerian and Lagrangian forms, we derive the constitutive relations from a total energy function dependent on the deformation gradient and the Lagrangian magnetic induction. Energy principles yield the equilibrium equations, magnetic field equations, and boundary conditions. The second variation of the energy functional provides the incremental equations and conditions for stability analysis. Surface instability is studied by linearizing increments of deformation and magnetic induction about a finitely deformed state under a magnetic field normal to the surface. Four illustrative cases are considered: (i) a layered non-magnetizable half-space with varying stiffness contrast; (ii) the critical stretch of a magnetoelastic half-space as a function of magnetic induction; (iii) surface stability of a magneto-sensitive layer atop a non-magnetizable substrate; and (iv) bifurcation conditions of a two-layers magnetoelastic solid with different stiffness ratios. Bifurcation criteria in the form of coupled critical stretch and wavenumber is determined using a bespoke optimization protocol developed using an arc-length continuation method. Graphical results are provided throughout.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113820
Jiahao Zhang, Jiang Lai, Linjie Huang, Zixuan Wan, Gun Li
Shock tunnels play a crucial role in conducting ground tests for hypersonic vehicles. The diaphragm serves as the trigger device for these tests, and the dynamics of its rupture under detonation-pulse pressure are vital to ensuring the quality of the shock tunnel’s flow field. The diaphragm’s rupture state is typically regulated by incorporating grooves on its surface. This paper focuses on the shock tunnel diaphragm as the primary subject of study. It systematically analyzes the dynamic behavior of diaphragm rupture across various groove geometric parameters. The research identifies three distinct forms of diaphragm rupture resulting from detonation and pulsating pressure, which are apex rupture, apex + edge rupture, and slot-edge rupture, and investigates the underlying mechanisms associated with each rupture type. Furthermore, the paper proposes a characterization index to predict the rupture forms of diaphragms made from different materials. It also examines the potential for the flap to rupture at its base, leading to detachment due to these varied rupture types, providing a theoretical basis for selecting and designing shock tunnel diaphragms.
{"title":"The rupture formation of the diaphragm in a detonation-driven shock tunnel","authors":"Jiahao Zhang, Jiang Lai, Linjie Huang, Zixuan Wan, Gun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shock tunnels play a crucial role in conducting ground tests for hypersonic vehicles. The diaphragm serves as the trigger device for these tests, and the dynamics of its rupture under detonation-pulse pressure are vital to ensuring the quality of the shock tunnel’s flow field. The diaphragm’s rupture state is typically regulated by incorporating grooves on its surface. This paper focuses on the shock tunnel diaphragm as the primary subject of study. It systematically analyzes the dynamic behavior of diaphragm rupture across various groove geometric parameters. The research identifies three distinct forms of diaphragm rupture resulting from detonation and pulsating pressure, which are apex rupture, apex + edge rupture, and slot-edge rupture, and investigates the underlying mechanisms associated with each rupture type. Furthermore, the paper proposes a characterization index to predict the rupture forms of diaphragms made from different materials. It also examines the potential for the flap to rupture at its base, leading to detachment due to these varied rupture types, providing a theoretical basis for selecting and designing shock tunnel diaphragms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 113820"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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