International Journal of Solids and Structures最新文献

英文中文

Non-local orthotropic damage-plastic model for 3D printed materials

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113210

Denis Linardi, Elisabetta Monaldo, Sonia Marfia

A non-local orthotropic damage and plasticity phenomenological model for 3D printed materials is presented. The model specifically refers to 3D printed structural elements realized with an extrusion-based technique and made with thermoplastic materials.

The structural behavior of the 3D printed component is described with a laminate finite element model based on the first-order shear deformation theory. Each layer of the laminate is described with a non-local orthotropic damage and plastic model. Indeed, the overall mechanical response of 3D printed materials is significantly influenced by plasticity and damage mechanisms that can lead to a range of failure modes from brittle-like to ductile. The proposed orthotropic damage model is based on the introduction of three different damage parameters. Each of them describes a specific damage mechanism, i.e. fiber breakage, fiber detachment and delamination, that is clearly visible from the analysis of the 3D printed samples subjected to experimental tests. Some applications are carried out and the numerical results are compared with experimental results available in literature, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed modeling technique.

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引用次数: 0

Crystal plasticity finite element analysis of 3D mixed-mode notch tip fields in a textured Mg alloy

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113212

Dhrubjyoti Baruah, R. Narasimhan

In this work, crystal plasticity finite element simulations of notched symmetric and asymmetric four-point bend specimens of a rolled AZ31 magnesium alloy having basal texture are performed. The objective is to understand the 3D nature of mixed-mode notch tip fields in this alloy and to compare the numerical results with previously reported experiments. To assess anisotropy effects, the analysis is conducted for two notch orientations, as well as for a material obeying the

J_{2}

flow theory of plasticity, corresponding to one of the specimens. The macroscopic results agree quite well with experiments. Strong thickness variations of plastic slips, tensile twin volume fraction, and stresses are observed, which however depend on notch orientation and mode-mixity. Finally, the implications of the results for failure near the notch tip are discussed and corroborated with experimental observations.

引用次数: 0

Peridynamics for multi-physics coupling to simulate cracking in fuel rods

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113203

Qi-Qing Liu , D.H. Hao , Y.L. Hu , Yin Yu , Q.Z. Wang , E. Madenci

This study presents a new coupled multi-physics model based on Bond-Associated Non-Ordinary State-Based Peridynamics (BA-NOSB PD) to investigate the mechanical behavior and crack patterns of fuel rods. Unlike the existing PD coupled multi-physics models, this novel PD model for the first-time accounts for the irradiation-induced behaviors such as densification, swelling, and creep. Also, it captures the Pellet and Cladding Interaction (PCI) under realistic boundary conditions. Furthermore, random critical stretch values with normal distribution within the fuel rods lead to realistic crack pattern of fuel rods during prolonged irradiation. The crack pattern of fuel rods with irradiation is compared with those without irradiation. The results show that the fuel pellet initially shrinks and then expands as burnup rises, while cladding consistently shrinks inward until gap closure, with its compressive state relieved by PCI. Associated with the damage in fuel rods, radial cracks occur during the power rise, while circumferential cracks mainly form during the densification stage, and only few secondary circumferential cracks occur during power ramp-down. The displacement of damaged pellet increases slowly as burnup rises, and the gap closure time is greatly delayed compared with that of an undamaged pellet.

{"title":"Peridynamics for multi-physics coupling to simulate cracking in fuel rods","authors":"Qi-Qing Liu , D.H. Hao , Y.L. Hu , Yin Yu , Q.Z. Wang , E. Madenci","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a new coupled multi-physics model based on Bond-Associated Non-Ordinary State-Based Peridynamics (BA-NOSB PD) to investigate the mechanical behavior and crack patterns of fuel rods. Unlike the existing PD coupled multi-physics models, this novel PD model for the first-time accounts for the irradiation-induced behaviors such as densification, swelling, and creep. Also, it captures the Pellet and Cladding Interaction (PCI) under realistic boundary conditions. Furthermore, random critical stretch values with normal distribution within the fuel rods lead to realistic crack pattern of fuel rods during prolonged irradiation. The crack pattern of fuel rods with irradiation is compared with those without irradiation. The results show that the fuel pellet initially shrinks and then expands as burnup rises, while cladding consistently shrinks inward until gap closure, with its compressive state relieved by PCI. Associated with the damage in fuel rods, radial cracks occur during the power rise, while circumferential cracks mainly form during the densification stage, and only few secondary circumferential cracks occur during power ramp-down. The displacement of damaged pellet increases slowly as burnup rises, and the gap closure time is greatly delayed compared with that of an undamaged pellet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"310 ","pages":"Article 113203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A LATIN-PGD reduced order approximation dedicated to the solution of an optimal control based identification strategy for non-linear constitutive parameters

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113189

Mainak Bhattacharyya, Pierre Feissel

The objective of the research is to obtain deterministic identification of non-linear material parameters from full field measurements of kinematic data acquired from digital image correlation (DIC). The inverse problem involves proposal of the optimal control approach, considered to be a variant of modified constitutive relation error (MCRE), where the complete knowledge of the boundary conditions and the measurement data are not required. The optimisation problem essentially translates into minimisation of a quadratic functional under non-linear constraints. The non-linear optimisation is solved through the iterative large time increment (LATIN) method. A proper generalised decomposition (PGD) based reduced order approximation is also incorporated in this procedure for the sake of numerical frugality of the iterative method. Finally, a few numerical examples are depicted that establish the efficacy of the methodology.

引用次数: 0

A new application of quadrilateral finite element model incorporating the discrete shear projection technique for free vibration response of CNT reinforced plates

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113204

Zakaria Belabed

This study presents an advanced quadrilateral finite element model for analyzing the free vibration behavior of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced (FG-CNTRC) nanocomposite plates. The proposed element, derived from the classical four-node Q4 element, incorporates a discrete shear projection method to evaluate transverse shear deformation using precise interpolation techniques. This approach effectively captures the complex mechanical behavior of nanocomposite plates while avoiding the computational complexity associated with higher-order shear deformation models. The developed Q4γ element, based on first-order shear deformation plate theory, features five degrees of freedom per node and maintains inter-element continuity through C⁰ continuity for kinematic variables. Isoparametric coordinates generate elementary stiffness and mass matrices, enhancing the formulation’s accuracy. Notably, the model mitigates shear locking without resorting to sophisticated numerical techniques. Governing equations are derived using the weak form of the variational principle. The mechanical properties of FG-CNTRC plates are modeled to vary gradually across the thickness, accounting for different distribution patterns and CNT volume fractions. The model’s performance is rigorously validated against analytical solutions and established finite element models, demonstrating excellent accuracy without requiring excessive mesh refinement. Comprehensive numerical investigations explore the influence of material and geometric configurations on the free vibration response of FG-CNTRC plates. The Q4γ element proves particularly effective in capturing both in-plane and out-of-plane responses in advanced composite structures. Results indicate that optimized reinforcement distribution patterns can significantly enhance computational efficiency. This research provides a valuable tool for designing and optimizing CNT-reinforced nanocomposite structures, with potential applications in aerospace and automotive industries where multiphysics environmental impacts are critical. The model’s ability to accurately predict vibrational behavior while maintaining computational efficiency represents a significant advancement in nanocomposite structural analysis.

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引用次数: 0

Programmable wrinkling patterns of liquid crystal network bilayers on compliant substrates

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113206

Yifan Yang , Shichen Zhao , Zhijun Dai, Fan Xu

Smart soft materials have gained increasing attention in recent years because of their adaptive behaviors to external multi-physics stimuli, enabling diverse applications across multiple fields. Here, we show programmable wrinkling morphological patterns on liquid crystal network (LCN) bilayers bonded to compliant substrates under thermal load, by tuning the orientation of directors between LCN bilayers. We propose a solid-shell formulation that merges enhanced and natural assumed strain approaches to investigate the pattern formation and morphological transition of LCN bilayers. By introducing director-determined anisotropic spontaneous strains, we explore effects of director orientations determined by two angles

θ

(in-plane) and

φ

(out-of-plane) for each layer, on surface wrinkling pattern formation and evolution. When the directors are aligned in-plane, oblique angles of stripe wrinkles approximates to the average value of director angles in LCN bilayers, i.e.,

(θ_{l} + θ_{u}) / 2

. For more general spatial alignments of directors, phase diagrams on wrinkling modes indicate that diverse morphologies such as stripe, checkerboard, herringbone and parallel bead-chain modes, can emerge due to intricate nonlinear interactions between bilayers. Pattern selection is found to be primarily determined by the in-plane angle

θ

, rather than the out-of-plane angle

φ

. Our results could offer valuable insights into the functional design of smart surfaces related to wrinkling morphology.

{"title":"Programmable wrinkling patterns of liquid crystal network bilayers on compliant substrates","authors":"Yifan Yang , Shichen Zhao , Zhijun Dai, Fan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart soft materials have gained increasing attention in recent years because of their adaptive behaviors to external multi-physics stimuli, enabling diverse applications across multiple fields. Here, we show programmable wrinkling morphological patterns on liquid crystal network (LCN) bilayers bonded to compliant substrates under thermal load, by tuning the orientation of directors between LCN bilayers. We propose a solid-shell formulation that merges enhanced and natural assumed strain approaches to investigate the pattern formation and morphological transition of LCN bilayers. By introducing director-determined anisotropic spontaneous strains, we explore effects of director orientations determined by two angles <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span> (in-plane) and <span><math><mi>φ</mi></math></span> (out-of-plane) for each layer, on surface wrinkling pattern formation and evolution. When the directors are aligned in-plane, oblique angles of stripe wrinkles approximates to the average value of director angles in LCN bilayers, <em>i.e.</em>, <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>. For more general spatial alignments of directors, phase diagrams on wrinkling modes indicate that diverse morphologies such as stripe, checkerboard, herringbone and parallel bead-chain modes, can emerge due to intricate nonlinear interactions between bilayers. Pattern selection is found to be primarily determined by the in-plane angle <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span>, rather than the out-of-plane angle <span><math><mi>φ</mi></math></span>. Our results could offer valuable insights into the functional design of smart surfaces related to wrinkling morphology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 113206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolating the effects of deviatoric and hydrostatic stress on damage evolution using cold extrusion experiments

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113205

Robin Gitschel, Johannes Gebhard, Yannis P. Korkolis, A. Erman Tekkaya

Ductile damage evolution is known to be dependent on stress triaxiality and Lode parameter. An experimental isolation of these two influencing factors is challenging, especially at large plastic strains, since a variation of the Lode parameter is usually accompanied by a variation in the triaxiality. In this study, forward rod extrusion and forward hollow extrusion are utilized to induce Lode parameters (L) of −1 and 0, respectively, while keeping the triaxiality and the plastic equivalent strain the same in both processes. For the triaxiality this is accomplished by superposing hydrostatic pressure by a counterpunch during forward rod extrusion. This allows for the first time, to the author’s knowledge, to experimentally study the isolated effect of the Lode parameter on void evolution at large plastic strains, and the resulting effects on product performance like impact toughness. Mass density measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on extruded samples of the case hardening steel 16MnCrS5 reveal an increased damage evolution under L = 0 as compared to L = −1. The SEM investigations show a distinct switch in void nucleation mechanisms from cracking of manganese sulphide inclusions for L = −1 to cracking and debonding of inclusions and surrounding matrix for L = 0. The debonding occurs in a preferred direction, leading to anisotropic void area fractions. The locations of inclusion-matrix-debonding are verified by evaluation of interface stresses between matrix and inclusion in representative volume element simulations. While the impact toughness of specimens extracted along different orientations is consistently different, this cannot be conclusively attributed only to the corresponding microscopic damage anisotropy.

{"title":"Isolating the effects of deviatoric and hydrostatic stress on damage evolution using cold extrusion experiments","authors":"Robin Gitschel, Johannes Gebhard, Yannis P. Korkolis, A. Erman Tekkaya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ductile damage evolution is known to be dependent on stress triaxiality and Lode parameter. An experimental isolation of these two influencing factors is challenging, especially at large plastic strains, since a variation of the Lode parameter is usually accompanied by a variation in the triaxiality. In this study, forward rod extrusion and forward hollow extrusion are utilized to induce Lode parameters (<em>L</em>) of −1 and 0, respectively, while keeping the triaxiality and the plastic equivalent strain the same in both processes. For the triaxiality this is accomplished by superposing hydrostatic pressure by a counterpunch during forward rod extrusion. This allows for the first time, to the author’s knowledge, to experimentally study the isolated effect of the Lode parameter on void evolution at large plastic strains, and the resulting effects on product performance like impact toughness. Mass density measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on extruded samples of the case hardening steel 16MnCrS5 reveal an increased damage evolution under <em>L</em> = 0 as compared to <em>L</em> = −1. The SEM investigations show a distinct switch in void nucleation mechanisms from cracking of manganese sulphide inclusions for <em>L</em> = −1 to cracking and debonding of inclusions and surrounding matrix for <em>L</em> = 0. The debonding occurs in a preferred direction, leading to anisotropic void area fractions. The locations of inclusion-matrix-debonding are verified by evaluation of interface stresses between matrix and inclusion in representative volume element simulations. While the impact toughness of specimens extracted along different orientations is consistently different, this cannot be conclusively attributed only to the corresponding microscopic damage anisotropy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"310 ","pages":"Article 113205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase transition resistance induced by locally resonant metastructures

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113209

Peng-Cheng Qi , Yi-Ze Wang

Based on the piecewise linear relation between the force and elongation of springs, the phase transition and its generating waves in mechanical metastructures are studied. With the Wiener-Hopf method, the governing equation of the transition wave is derived. External force compensations for defect springs are considered to describe the phase transition. Besides the condition that whether the phase transition can be generated, localized phase transition is discussed. Furthermore, finite element simulation and experiment are performed to show the dynamic phase transition. It can be concluded that the locally resonant metastructures can enhance the resistance of phase transition. This research is expected to be helpful to design new kinds of elastic wave metastructures and metamaterials to improve phase transition strength.

引用次数: 0

Peeling behavior of a discontinuously adhered film/substrate system within finite deflection

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113207

Y.S. Wang, K.F. Wang, B.L. Wang

In various fields such as biological adhesion, multi-chip semiconductors, ship hulls and hierarchical materials, adhesive layers often exhibit discontinuous characteristics. In this study, we develop a general model to explore the 90° peeling process of a film experiencing such discontinuous adhesion, employing the principle of minimum potential energy. The developed model is capable of handling arbitrary lengths of bonded and non-bonded segments and the large deformation of the film. In the process of film peeling under discontinuous adhesion, peeling force exhibits repetitive fluctuations. The peak signifies the initiation of the peeling front transitioning into the non-bonded segment, while the trough represents the delamination front advancing into the bonded segment. These fluctuations stem from the transfer and redistribution of bending energy in the film: energy release occurs as the peeling front enters the non-bonded segment, while re-accumulation takes place as it enters the bonded segment, resulting in increased peeling force. Additionally, we discuss the periodic discontinuous bonding, exploring different cases of bonding length proportions and period lengths. The conclusions drawn in this study are pertinent for accurately evaluating interface adhesion energy in multi-layered structures and comprehending the discontinuous adhesive interactions prevalent in nature.

{"title":"Peeling behavior of a discontinuously adhered film/substrate system within finite deflection","authors":"Y.S. Wang, K.F. Wang, B.L. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In various fields such as biological adhesion, multi-chip semiconductors, ship hulls and hierarchical materials, adhesive layers often exhibit discontinuous characteristics. In this study, we develop a general model to explore the 90° peeling process of a film experiencing such discontinuous adhesion, employing the principle of minimum potential energy. The developed model is capable of handling arbitrary lengths of bonded and non-bonded segments and the large deformation of the film. In the process of film peeling under discontinuous adhesion, peeling force exhibits repetitive fluctuations. The peak signifies the initiation of the peeling front transitioning into the non-bonded segment, while the trough represents the delamination front advancing into the bonded segment. These fluctuations stem from the transfer and redistribution of bending energy in the film: energy release occurs as the peeling front enters the non-bonded segment, while re-accumulation takes place as it enters the bonded segment, resulting in increased peeling force. Additionally, we discuss the periodic discontinuous bonding, exploring different cases of bonding length proportions and period lengths. The conclusions drawn in this study are pertinent for accurately evaluating interface adhesion energy in multi-layered structures and comprehending the discontinuous adhesive interactions prevalent in nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 113207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of energy dissipation during dynamic shear band evolution

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113202

Hao-Sen Chen, Wei Qi, Manxi Chen, Heng Yang, Shengxin Zhu, Qinglei Zeng

The adiabatic shear band (ASB) criterion is crucial for assessing the shear failure resistance of metals and alloys under dynamic loading. While the critical shear strain obtained from macroscopic stress–strain curves has been widely employed to predict ASB nucleation, it cannot describe the subsequent ASB evolution process, which occurs at extreme spatial (∼µm) and temporal (∼µs) scales. In this work, we introduce a generalized shear band toughness to characterize the post-localization energy dissipation within the band, which can be estimated from temperature fields captured by high-speed, high-resolution infrared thermal detectors. The generalized shear band toughness model accounts for contributions from both thermal softening and microstructure-related softening mechanisms in ASB evolution. We systematically characterize the shear band toughness across a range of materials, from conventional alloys to advanced high-entropy alloys. Finally, the shear band toughness is incorporated into a dual-stage, energy-based shear banding criterion, which proves crucial for accurately predicting the entire shear banding process, particularly in scenarios involving dynamic shear band propagation in large structures.

{"title":"Estimation of energy dissipation during dynamic shear band evolution","authors":"Hao-Sen Chen, Wei Qi, Manxi Chen, Heng Yang, Shengxin Zhu, Qinglei Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.113202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adiabatic shear band (ASB) criterion is crucial for assessing the shear failure resistance of metals and alloys under dynamic loading. While the critical shear strain obtained from macroscopic stress–strain curves has been widely employed to predict <em>ASB nucleation</em>, it cannot describe the subsequent <em>ASB evolution</em> process, which occurs at extreme spatial (∼µm) and temporal (∼µs) scales. In this work, we introduce a generalized shear band toughness to characterize the post-localization energy dissipation within the band, which can be estimated from temperature fields captured by high-speed, high-resolution infrared thermal detectors. The generalized shear band toughness model accounts for contributions from both thermal softening and microstructure-related softening mechanisms in ASB evolution. We systematically characterize the shear band toughness across a range of materials, from conventional alloys to advanced high-entropy alloys. Finally, the shear band toughness is incorporated into a dual-stage, energy-based shear banding criterion, which proves crucial for accurately predicting the entire shear banding process, particularly in scenarios involving dynamic shear band propagation in large structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 113202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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International Journal of Solids and Structures

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