Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015849
Nor Aimi Saad, S. K. Zaaba, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, K. Wan, A. Shariman
This paper presents an overview of the quartz crystal microbalance sensor (QCM) for bacteria application. The QCM sensor can be considered as a representative mechanical transducer for a biosensor device that converts the mass of target analytes into an electrical signal. Microorganisms' detection using QCM sensor can be applied in applications in the field of environment, biomedical area, and food industry. This paper focuses on the characteristic of QCM as biosensor in the detection of bacteria pathogen. The paper provides a description of the techniques used for QCM when being utilized for bacteria testing. The techniques focus on surface modification of quartz crystal in developing sensitive and selective sensor using Self-assemble Monolayer (SAM) method which cooperates with antigen-antibody principle.
{"title":"Quartz crystal microbalance for bacteria application review","authors":"Nor Aimi Saad, S. K. Zaaba, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, K. Wan, A. Shariman","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015849","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an overview of the quartz crystal microbalance sensor (QCM) for bacteria application. The QCM sensor can be considered as a representative mechanical transducer for a biosensor device that converts the mass of target analytes into an electrical signal. Microorganisms' detection using QCM sensor can be applied in applications in the field of environment, biomedical area, and food industry. This paper focuses on the characteristic of QCM as biosensor in the detection of bacteria pathogen. The paper provides a description of the techniques used for QCM when being utilized for bacteria testing. The techniques focus on surface modification of quartz crystal in developing sensitive and selective sensor using Self-assemble Monolayer (SAM) method which cooperates with antigen-antibody principle.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133961393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015763
Jacob Abraham, T. Mathew
Modern telecommunication systems require antennas with multiband characteristics and smaller dimensions that support multiple wireless applications. In this paper, a hexagon shaped microstrip patch antenna is presented, that works at 1.8 GHz. Fractal concept is introduced in to the hexagon shape for miniaturization and multiband characteristics. Here David hexagon fractal concept is used to convert the hexagon shaped patch to a dual band antenna which produces multiple resonances at 1.8 GHz and 3.4 GHz. The antenna is suitable for cellular communication and Wi-max applications. Size reduction up to 18.3% in terms of patch size is achieved in the proposed fractal antenna in comparison to hexagon patch operating in the first resonant frequency band.
{"title":"David fractal antenna for multiband wireless communication","authors":"Jacob Abraham, T. Mathew","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015763","url":null,"abstract":"Modern telecommunication systems require antennas with multiband characteristics and smaller dimensions that support multiple wireless applications. In this paper, a hexagon shaped microstrip patch antenna is presented, that works at 1.8 GHz. Fractal concept is introduced in to the hexagon shape for miniaturization and multiband characteristics. Here David hexagon fractal concept is used to convert the hexagon shaped patch to a dual band antenna which produces multiple resonances at 1.8 GHz and 3.4 GHz. The antenna is suitable for cellular communication and Wi-max applications. Size reduction up to 18.3% in terms of patch size is achieved in the proposed fractal antenna in comparison to hexagon patch operating in the first resonant frequency band.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131249944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015828
Nurain Mohamad, Muhammad Imran Ahmad, R. Ngadiran, M. Z. Ilyas, M. I. N. Isa, Puteh Saad
This paper reviews several information fusion techniques and strategies in the application of multimodal biometrics system using face and palmprint images. Multimodal biometric is able to overcome several limitations in single modal biometric such as intra-class variations, less discriminative power, noise data and redundant features. By consolidating two kinds of modality a better performance can be achieved. Information fusion in multimodal biometrics can be carried out at three possible levels, i.e. feature, matching score and decision levels. Fusions at these three levels have their own attributes, thus this paper is aimed to compare their effectiveness. A specific fusion rule is necessary to combine the information at each level. Several numbers of analyses on verification and identification shows matching score fusion is able to achieve the best performance which is 98% recognition rates and 98.5% GAR at 0.1% FAR when tested using AR face and PolyU palmprint datasets.
{"title":"Investigation of information fusion in face and palmprint multimodal biometrics","authors":"Nurain Mohamad, Muhammad Imran Ahmad, R. Ngadiran, M. Z. Ilyas, M. I. N. Isa, Puteh Saad","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015828","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews several information fusion techniques and strategies in the application of multimodal biometrics system using face and palmprint images. Multimodal biometric is able to overcome several limitations in single modal biometric such as intra-class variations, less discriminative power, noise data and redundant features. By consolidating two kinds of modality a better performance can be achieved. Information fusion in multimodal biometrics can be carried out at three possible levels, i.e. feature, matching score and decision levels. Fusions at these three levels have their own attributes, thus this paper is aimed to compare their effectiveness. A specific fusion rule is necessary to combine the information at each level. Several numbers of analyses on verification and identification shows matching score fusion is able to achieve the best performance which is 98% recognition rates and 98.5% GAR at 0.1% FAR when tested using AR face and PolyU palmprint datasets.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124401431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015808
Patrick W. C. Ho, F. Hatem, H. Almurib, T. N. Kumar
Nonvolatile memories have emerged in recent years and have become a leading candidate towards replacing dynamic and static random-access memory devices. In this article, the performance of physical TiO2 and TaO2 nonvolatile memristive devices were compared in terms of switching speed, retention and endurance. TaO2 memristive devices have shown better endurance (108 times more switching cycles) and faster switching speed (at least 5 times) than TiO2 memristive devices. The retention period of TaO2 memristive devices is expected to exceed 10 years with sufficient experimental evidence. In addition to comparing device performances, the physical and material properties of TiO2 and TaO2 memristive devices was studied and the differences in device structure and switching mechanism of TiO2 and TaO2 memristive devices were explained. The reasons that give TaO2 memristive devices the advantage over TiO2 memristive devices in terms of switching speed, retention and endurance were summarized in this article. Also the methods to improve the performance of physical memristive devices were proposed.
{"title":"Comparison on TiO2 and TaO2 based bipolar resistive switching devices","authors":"Patrick W. C. Ho, F. Hatem, H. Almurib, T. N. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015808","url":null,"abstract":"Nonvolatile memories have emerged in recent years and have become a leading candidate towards replacing dynamic and static random-access memory devices. In this article, the performance of physical TiO<sub>2</sub> and TaO<sub>2</sub> nonvolatile memristive devices were compared in terms of switching speed, retention and endurance. TaO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices have shown better endurance (10<sup>8</sup> times more switching cycles) and faster switching speed (at least 5 times) than TiO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices. The retention period of TaO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices is expected to exceed 10 years with sufficient experimental evidence. In addition to comparing device performances, the physical and material properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> and TaO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices was studied and the differences in device structure and switching mechanism of TiO<sub>2</sub> and TaO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices were explained. The reasons that give TaO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices the advantage over TiO<sub>2</sub> memristive devices in terms of switching speed, retention and endurance were summarized in this article. Also the methods to improve the performance of physical memristive devices were proposed.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114510243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015827
K. Adnan, N. Yusuf, H. Maamor, F. A. Rashid, S. Ismail, R. Thriumani, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, A. Shakaff, M. N. Jaafar, M. Ahmad
Aquaculture is an important to national food security. Productivity of aquaculture farms hinges on water quality. Lack of appropriate instrumentation for measurement of water quality is a hindrance to the industry. This experiment proposed and verify the application of e-nose and e-tongue for water quality parameters for shrimp farming. Results indicated it has the potential but required additional analytical techniques. Thus, by using sensor array technologies, e-nose and e-tongue has been employed in classification of different type of water that has been used in aquaculture farming. E-nose consists of 10 metal oxide sensors meanwhile e-tongue consists of 13 working electrodes and one reference electrode. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was used as data classifier. The e-nose and e-tongue was able to classify different type of water with the accuracy up to 95%. These results show the potential use of e-nose and e-tongue to classify the different type of water used in aquaculture industry.
{"title":"Water quality classification and monitoring using e-nose and e-tongue in aquaculture farming","authors":"K. Adnan, N. Yusuf, H. Maamor, F. A. Rashid, S. Ismail, R. Thriumani, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, A. Shakaff, M. N. Jaafar, M. Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015827","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture is an important to national food security. Productivity of aquaculture farms hinges on water quality. Lack of appropriate instrumentation for measurement of water quality is a hindrance to the industry. This experiment proposed and verify the application of e-nose and e-tongue for water quality parameters for shrimp farming. Results indicated it has the potential but required additional analytical techniques. Thus, by using sensor array technologies, e-nose and e-tongue has been employed in classification of different type of water that has been used in aquaculture farming. E-nose consists of 10 metal oxide sensors meanwhile e-tongue consists of 13 working electrodes and one reference electrode. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was used as data classifier. The e-nose and e-tongue was able to classify different type of water with the accuracy up to 95%. These results show the potential use of e-nose and e-tongue to classify the different type of water used in aquaculture industry.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116473136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015851
A. AL-RUBAIEE, Y. Al-Douri, A. Ibraheam, U. Hashim, T. H. Lazem
One of the properties of longitudinal profile development in extensive air showers is depth of shower maximum in atmospheric cascade of particles initiated extensive air showers as a function of the primary energy. Study the characteristics of extensive air showers was fulfilled depending on a Hitler's model. The calculation of depth of shower maximum (Xmax) in atmosphere was performed for particles initiated extensive air showers such us protons, photons, iron nuclei, water, carbon, lead, argon and hydrogen in the energy range between 1014 and 1019eV. The comparison between calculated and simulated data of Xmax was gave a good results for primary proton and iron nuclei.
{"title":"A study of extensive air shower characteristics by estimating depth of shower maximum using heitler toy model","authors":"A. AL-RUBAIEE, Y. Al-Douri, A. Ibraheam, U. Hashim, T. H. Lazem","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015851","url":null,"abstract":"One of the properties of longitudinal profile development in extensive air showers is depth of shower maximum in atmospheric cascade of particles initiated extensive air showers as a function of the primary energy. Study the characteristics of extensive air showers was fulfilled depending on a Hitler's model. The calculation of depth of shower maximum (Xmax) in atmosphere was performed for particles initiated extensive air showers such us protons, photons, iron nuclei, water, carbon, lead, argon and hydrogen in the energy range between 1014 and 1019eV. The comparison between calculated and simulated data of Xmax was gave a good results for primary proton and iron nuclei.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122061634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015836
W. Saad, M. Ismail, R. Nordin, Ayman A. El-Saleh
The idea of a PU work period is developed for analysing the performance of spectrum sensing through the use of energy detection to disclose for non-stationary PU signals. This paper is aimed to analysis the effect of the primary user work period on the performance of the energy detector when the state of the primary user is changed during the sensing period. For this paper, the energy detector was modified to include the impact of the PU work period into the model according to the minimum decision error (MDE) method. Also proposes new detectors in order to enhance detection with regard to the work period displayed by the PU, where it is implemented for a sensing period in order to compute the minimum sensing period necessary to investigation the detection needs. The estimates indicate that the expected performance of the conventional energy detection does not indicate the true performance. In addition, decreasing the work period has a greater impact on reducing the detection performance and thus affect the strength of the signal received, as well the proposed algorithms can result in a precise detection performance even if there is an obvious noise uncertainty due to a low signal-to-noise ratio.
{"title":"Effect of work period of the primary user on spectrum sensing schemes based on MDE-dynamic energy detection","authors":"W. Saad, M. Ismail, R. Nordin, Ayman A. El-Saleh","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015836","url":null,"abstract":"The idea of a PU work period is developed for analysing the performance of spectrum sensing through the use of energy detection to disclose for non-stationary PU signals. This paper is aimed to analysis the effect of the primary user work period on the performance of the energy detector when the state of the primary user is changed during the sensing period. For this paper, the energy detector was modified to include the impact of the PU work period into the model according to the minimum decision error (MDE) method. Also proposes new detectors in order to enhance detection with regard to the work period displayed by the PU, where it is implemented for a sensing period in order to compute the minimum sensing period necessary to investigation the detection needs. The estimates indicate that the expected performance of the conventional energy detection does not indicate the true performance. In addition, decreasing the work period has a greater impact on reducing the detection performance and thus affect the strength of the signal received, as well the proposed algorithms can result in a precise detection performance even if there is an obvious noise uncertainty due to a low signal-to-noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128408655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015833
M. Bait-Suwailam, Issa Al Balushi, M. Al Sadairi, M. Alalawi, S. Al Risi
This paper presents a developed electromagnetic radiation detector system for mainly near-field applications. The prototype employs a dual-band antenna system along with a detecting circuitry with a qualitative electromagnetic radiation strength display unit. The probe is implemented on a printed-circuit board, that makes it suitable for detecting high-frequency electromagnetic radiation applications. Both numerical simulations and experimental validations are presented and discussed. The detecting system has been developed to identify potential sources of electromagnetic radiation from mobile units as well as WiFi access points, simultaneously. The electromagnetic radiation probe will find useful applications as a monitoring probe for troubleshooting and sources of electromagnetic radiation interference threats for industrial high-speed electronic devices, in addition to being a useful tool for site test and scanning for telecommunication service providers.
{"title":"Electromagnetic radiation probe using a detector circuit with a dual-band antenna system","authors":"M. Bait-Suwailam, Issa Al Balushi, M. Al Sadairi, M. Alalawi, S. Al Risi","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015833","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a developed electromagnetic radiation detector system for mainly near-field applications. The prototype employs a dual-band antenna system along with a detecting circuitry with a qualitative electromagnetic radiation strength display unit. The probe is implemented on a printed-circuit board, that makes it suitable for detecting high-frequency electromagnetic radiation applications. Both numerical simulations and experimental validations are presented and discussed. The detecting system has been developed to identify potential sources of electromagnetic radiation from mobile units as well as WiFi access points, simultaneously. The electromagnetic radiation probe will find useful applications as a monitoring probe for troubleshooting and sources of electromagnetic radiation interference threats for industrial high-speed electronic devices, in addition to being a useful tool for site test and scanning for telecommunication service providers.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128650055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015858
N. Arshad, S. Ibrahim, M. S. Razalli
A six-port demodulator in homodyne direct conversion receiver is presented in this paper. The direct-IF or zero-IF conversion process is performed by several circuit designs in the demodulator such as six-port correlator and proposed power detector circuit. They are able to produce baseband signals and constellation diagram of QPSK operation. Six-port correlator contains double-stage Wilkinson power divider and quadrature coupler which employs wideband characteristics. Six-port demodulator is the best choice for replacing conventional mixer in Ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency range from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz in homodyne architecture. The operating principle of proposed homodyne receiver and six-port demodulator results based on QPSK demodulation are presented and discussed in this paper.
{"title":"Six-port demodulator in homodyne direct conversion receiver","authors":"N. Arshad, S. Ibrahim, M. S. Razalli","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015858","url":null,"abstract":"A six-port demodulator in homodyne direct conversion receiver is presented in this paper. The direct-IF or zero-IF conversion process is performed by several circuit designs in the demodulator such as six-port correlator and proposed power detector circuit. They are able to produce baseband signals and constellation diagram of QPSK operation. Six-port correlator contains double-stage Wilkinson power divider and quadrature coupler which employs wideband characteristics. Six-port demodulator is the best choice for replacing conventional mixer in Ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency range from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz in homodyne architecture. The operating principle of proposed homodyne receiver and six-port demodulator results based on QPSK demodulation are presented and discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129632239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015818
M. M. Ramli, S. S. Mat Isa, A. F. Hasan, J. Adnan
The suspension of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that was functionalized by organic dye, was used as a sensing material. The Golden orange dye (Color Index : 40215) was used as the dispersion agent in order to establish a stable suspension of SWCNTs in water. The ratio of dye and deionized water (DI water) mixture is 1:1. Uniform thin film of SWCNTs was produced using vacuum filtration method where uniform thin film of SWCNTs network was formed. In this project, plastic was used as a substrate. The device was then being exposed to NO2 gas at three different temperatures which is room temperature, 200 °C and 300 °C.
{"title":"Wearable gas sensor utilising dye-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes","authors":"M. M. Ramli, S. S. Mat Isa, A. F. Hasan, J. Adnan","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015818","url":null,"abstract":"The suspension of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that was functionalized by organic dye, was used as a sensing material. The Golden orange dye (Color Index : 40215) was used as the dispersion agent in order to establish a stable suspension of SWCNTs in water. The ratio of dye and deionized water (DI water) mixture is 1:1. Uniform thin film of SWCNTs was produced using vacuum filtration method where uniform thin film of SWCNTs network was formed. In this project, plastic was used as a substrate. The device was then being exposed to NO2 gas at three different temperatures which is room temperature, 200 °C and 300 °C.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127509652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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