Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015795
K. L. Lee, M. Mokji
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has proven itself to be one of the most popular and reliable geophysical device in subsurface investigation. However, human operators are required to manually interpret the GPR data. In a typical geophysical survey, collected GPR data sometimes can be enormously huge, causing issues such as time consuming and inaccuracy in results due to human errors. In this paper, we present an algorithm that automatically detects hyperbolic signatures in GPR data in B-scan model. This developed algorithm is able to mark potential regions that contain the reflections from target of buried objects. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) was initially developed to detect pedestrians, but it can be also well-adapted to detect particular shapes and objects. HOG descriptors are extracted from a set of training images and are trained using a linear SVM classifier. The main purpose of this algorithm is to narrow down the data into possible target reflection regions. After that, we implement Hough Transform to highlight the hyperbolic patterns in the reflection. The results shows that the developed system can perform target detection at an average of 93.75% detection rate for all four test sets.
{"title":"Automatic target detection in GPR images using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG)","authors":"K. L. Lee, M. Mokji","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015795","url":null,"abstract":"Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has proven itself to be one of the most popular and reliable geophysical device in subsurface investigation. However, human operators are required to manually interpret the GPR data. In a typical geophysical survey, collected GPR data sometimes can be enormously huge, causing issues such as time consuming and inaccuracy in results due to human errors. In this paper, we present an algorithm that automatically detects hyperbolic signatures in GPR data in B-scan model. This developed algorithm is able to mark potential regions that contain the reflections from target of buried objects. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) was initially developed to detect pedestrians, but it can be also well-adapted to detect particular shapes and objects. HOG descriptors are extracted from a set of training images and are trained using a linear SVM classifier. The main purpose of this algorithm is to narrow down the data into possible target reflection regions. After that, we implement Hough Transform to highlight the hyperbolic patterns in the reflection. The results shows that the developed system can perform target detection at an average of 93.75% detection rate for all four test sets.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128241319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015801
M. Jusoh, A. H. Ismail, M. Kamarudin, A. Alomainy, Mohd Waffy Nasrudin, T. Sabapathy
A parasitic planar patch antenna capable of multidirectional pattern reconfiguration is presented. The integration of mutual coupling principle with the parasitic techniques has realized the pattern reconfigurable features. The antenna structure consists of a driven element surrounded by four parasitic elements act as reflectors and director depending on the switching schemes. All parasitic elements is directly connected to the ground via shorting pins. Reconfiguration achieved using four PIN diode switches by experimentally investigating the effect of switching technique on overall steering performance. The proposed antenna achieves nine clear beam angular positions at □=0°, 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315°. Moreover, the proposed antenna has achieved excellent gain levels at all reconfiguration scenarios with an average value 7 dBi. Regardless of the switching configurations, the proposed antenna has stable S11 between 2.36 GHz to 2.39 GHz application.
{"title":"Multi-directional beam of patch antenna","authors":"M. Jusoh, A. H. Ismail, M. Kamarudin, A. Alomainy, Mohd Waffy Nasrudin, T. Sabapathy","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015801","url":null,"abstract":"A parasitic planar patch antenna capable of multidirectional pattern reconfiguration is presented. The integration of mutual coupling principle with the parasitic techniques has realized the pattern reconfigurable features. The antenna structure consists of a driven element surrounded by four parasitic elements act as reflectors and director depending on the switching schemes. All parasitic elements is directly connected to the ground via shorting pins. Reconfiguration achieved using four PIN diode switches by experimentally investigating the effect of switching technique on overall steering performance. The proposed antenna achieves nine clear beam angular positions at □=0°, 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315°. Moreover, the proposed antenna has achieved excellent gain levels at all reconfiguration scenarios with an average value 7 dBi. Regardless of the switching configurations, the proposed antenna has stable S11 between 2.36 GHz to 2.39 GHz application.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130353740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015788
A. Abdullah, A. Shakaff, A. Zakaria, F. Saad, S. A. Abdul Shukor, A. Mat
Oil palm has many usages and mainly is used in food, detergent and medical products. However, the crop is susceptible to diseases where one of them, the Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease, is affecting oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia. Currently, most of the detection techniques in treating the disease require detailed operating procedures and some are still not fully tested. In this paper, the Application Specific Electronic Nose (ASEN) is proposed to be used in Ganoderma boninense detection which is the basidiomycetes fungi of BSR disease. The specific sensor arrays will increase the instrument performance while reducing the cost, processing time and noise. The instrument data processing uses Artificial Neural Network (MLP, PNN and RBF) classification model. Initial results show that the instrument was able to detect the fungus. The instrument provides an effective low cost non-destructive method for the disease detection. This indicates that the instrument can be used as a detection system for plant disease monitoring.
{"title":"Application Specific Electronic Nose (ASEN) for Ganoderma boninense detection using artificial neural network","authors":"A. Abdullah, A. Shakaff, A. Zakaria, F. Saad, S. A. Abdul Shukor, A. Mat","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015788","url":null,"abstract":"Oil palm has many usages and mainly is used in food, detergent and medical products. However, the crop is susceptible to diseases where one of them, the Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease, is affecting oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia. Currently, most of the detection techniques in treating the disease require detailed operating procedures and some are still not fully tested. In this paper, the Application Specific Electronic Nose (ASEN) is proposed to be used in Ganoderma boninense detection which is the basidiomycetes fungi of BSR disease. The specific sensor arrays will increase the instrument performance while reducing the cost, processing time and noise. The instrument data processing uses Artificial Neural Network (MLP, PNN and RBF) classification model. Initial results show that the instrument was able to detect the fungus. The instrument provides an effective low cost non-destructive method for the disease detection. This indicates that the instrument can be used as a detection system for plant disease monitoring.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131014699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015764
It Ee Lee, Jia Chin Law, Kat Yee Chung, Kean Fong, Yi Qin Liew, Sheue Yun Quan, Jia Zun Tuen, Chee Keong Tan
Recent rapid progress in information and communication technologies has spurred the exponential surge in the demand for unlimited high-speed and ubiquitous broadband wireless access (BWA), resulting in severe congestion of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum and wireless traffic bottleneck. Visible-light communications (VLC) is poised to become a promising BWA candidate to resolve the existing “last mile” problems. In this paper, we propose and initiate the implementation of a low-cost portable VLC transceiver capable of indoor wireless communication and multimedia broadcasting, thus presenting an economical and cable-free solution to various multimedia applications. The proposed optical transceiver design is based upon the integration of the transmitter and receiver hardware and an interactive software module, and relies upon a microcontroller which forms the system hub to manage the data and process flows among the different block components. The interactive software module consists of a graphical user interface (GUI) and a data processing algorithm, in order to control file transmission and reception in various format and to enable realtime interaction and viewing of multimedia applications.
{"title":"Design and development of a portable visible-light communication transceiver for indoor wireless multimedia broadcasting","authors":"It Ee Lee, Jia Chin Law, Kat Yee Chung, Kean Fong, Yi Qin Liew, Sheue Yun Quan, Jia Zun Tuen, Chee Keong Tan","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015764","url":null,"abstract":"Recent rapid progress in information and communication technologies has spurred the exponential surge in the demand for unlimited high-speed and ubiquitous broadband wireless access (BWA), resulting in severe congestion of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum and wireless traffic bottleneck. Visible-light communications (VLC) is poised to become a promising BWA candidate to resolve the existing “last mile” problems. In this paper, we propose and initiate the implementation of a low-cost portable VLC transceiver capable of indoor wireless communication and multimedia broadcasting, thus presenting an economical and cable-free solution to various multimedia applications. The proposed optical transceiver design is based upon the integration of the transmitter and receiver hardware and an interactive software module, and relies upon a microcontroller which forms the system hub to manage the data and process flows among the different block components. The interactive software module consists of a graphical user interface (GUI) and a data processing algorithm, in order to control file transmission and reception in various format and to enable realtime interaction and viewing of multimedia applications.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133084663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015857
M. Elshaikh, Mohd Nazri Bin Mohd Warip, Ong Bi Lynn, R. B. Ahmad, P. Ehkan, F. F. Zakaria, F. A. Fuad
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of sensor nodes for monitoring and reporting sensible changes on a field to a specific server. One of the applications of WSN is large area monitoring, where sensor nodes are placed in far fields with limited power sources. Due to the adhered reason, the energy consumption of sensor nodes is considered as one of the major challenge in WSN. Many factor in WSN contributes to energy consumption such as Medium Access Control protocol (MAC), the network topology, and routing protocol. With the variety of factors that affects the energy consumption in WSN; the challenge of optimizing WSN networks toward a low energy consumption is becoming a hard problem. In the literature many efforts are paid for designing, implementing, and improving protocols in terms of power consumption. However, few efforts are paid for optimizing the existing protocols and other network parameters toward a green technology. This paper focuses in WSN infrastructure and protocols optimization by introducing the Ichi Taguchi (Taguchi) optimization method. Taguchi method is used to predict the best design parameters to achieve optimal performance parameters. Moreover, Taguchi method is used to optimize the energy consumed by sensor nodes against network protocols and network topology design parameters. A simulation experiments are curried out on the discrete event simulator OMNET++ for the purposes of this research paper. The obtained results show the impact of the network protocols toward the energy consumption. Furthermore, a proposed network topology and protocols set is introduced, and compared against the existing once.
{"title":"Energy consumption optimization with Ichi Taguchi method for Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"M. Elshaikh, Mohd Nazri Bin Mohd Warip, Ong Bi Lynn, R. B. Ahmad, P. Ehkan, F. F. Zakaria, F. A. Fuad","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015857","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of sensor nodes for monitoring and reporting sensible changes on a field to a specific server. One of the applications of WSN is large area monitoring, where sensor nodes are placed in far fields with limited power sources. Due to the adhered reason, the energy consumption of sensor nodes is considered as one of the major challenge in WSN. Many factor in WSN contributes to energy consumption such as Medium Access Control protocol (MAC), the network topology, and routing protocol. With the variety of factors that affects the energy consumption in WSN; the challenge of optimizing WSN networks toward a low energy consumption is becoming a hard problem. In the literature many efforts are paid for designing, implementing, and improving protocols in terms of power consumption. However, few efforts are paid for optimizing the existing protocols and other network parameters toward a green technology. This paper focuses in WSN infrastructure and protocols optimization by introducing the Ichi Taguchi (Taguchi) optimization method. Taguchi method is used to predict the best design parameters to achieve optimal performance parameters. Moreover, Taguchi method is used to optimize the energy consumed by sensor nodes against network protocols and network topology design parameters. A simulation experiments are curried out on the discrete event simulator OMNET++ for the purposes of this research paper. The obtained results show the impact of the network protocols toward the energy consumption. Furthermore, a proposed network topology and protocols set is introduced, and compared against the existing once.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115914343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015807
Patrick W. C. Ho, H. Almurib, T. N. Kumar
In recent researches, much emphasis has been placed in developing non-volatile memories as candidates for replacement of volatile memories. Apart from non-volatility, memristive devices also have high switching speed, low energy consumption, and small device size. In this article, a novel one-bit memory cell using two transmission gates and one memristor (2TG1M) is proposed. SPICE simulations were performed to compare energy requirements per one-bit memory cell between the proposed memory cell and the conventional volatile one-bit SRAM cell. Simulations show that the SRAM memory cell requires between 73.034 pJ and 12.433 nJ to retain logic information for 10 years, while the proposed memory cell requires less than 1 pJ to hold logic information for up to 10 years. The proposed memory cell is also simulated against the popular one transistor one memristor (1T1M) non-volatile memory cell to show faster switching speed by 1.5 times. This work concludes the advantages of the proposed 2TG1M nonvolatile memory cell against volatile memory in terms of energy requirements, and against non-volatile memory in terms of switching speed.
{"title":"One-bit non-volatile memory cell using memristor and transmission gates","authors":"Patrick W. C. Ho, H. Almurib, T. N. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015807","url":null,"abstract":"In recent researches, much emphasis has been placed in developing non-volatile memories as candidates for replacement of volatile memories. Apart from non-volatility, memristive devices also have high switching speed, low energy consumption, and small device size. In this article, a novel one-bit memory cell using two transmission gates and one memristor (2TG1M) is proposed. SPICE simulations were performed to compare energy requirements per one-bit memory cell between the proposed memory cell and the conventional volatile one-bit SRAM cell. Simulations show that the SRAM memory cell requires between 73.034 pJ and 12.433 nJ to retain logic information for 10 years, while the proposed memory cell requires less than 1 pJ to hold logic information for up to 10 years. The proposed memory cell is also simulated against the popular one transistor one memristor (1T1M) non-volatile memory cell to show faster switching speed by 1.5 times. This work concludes the advantages of the proposed 2TG1M nonvolatile memory cell against volatile memory in terms of energy requirements, and against non-volatile memory in terms of switching speed.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122304846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015826
F. A. Rashid, H. Maamor, N. Yusuf, N. Z. I. Zakaria, S. Ismail, K. Adnan, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, A. Shakaff
Vegetable oils from different type of sources may have a distinctive aroma and flavour. This work explored the ability of combining PEN3 and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer for aroma and volatiles analysis. Nine types of vegetable oils were characterized and classified into three categories based on aroma and volatiles absorption characteristics which are fresh, heated and used cooking oil. The results of PCA analysis showed a good separation among three groups of vegetable cooking oil. Data set from both PEN3 (e-nose) and UV-Vis Spectroscopy was subjected to Linear Discriminant Analysis. Our results propose that discriminant analysis provides a rapid, efficient and accurate study for multi-class classification difficulties. LDA is capable to provide 100.0% correct classification of original grouped cases. However, only 85.4% of un-known grouped cases are correctly classified.
{"title":"Aroma and optical absorption spectroscopy for quality assessment of vegetable cooking oils","authors":"F. A. Rashid, H. Maamor, N. Yusuf, N. Z. I. Zakaria, S. Ismail, K. Adnan, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, A. Shakaff","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015826","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable oils from different type of sources may have a distinctive aroma and flavour. This work explored the ability of combining PEN3 and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer for aroma and volatiles analysis. Nine types of vegetable oils were characterized and classified into three categories based on aroma and volatiles absorption characteristics which are fresh, heated and used cooking oil. The results of PCA analysis showed a good separation among three groups of vegetable cooking oil. Data set from both PEN3 (e-nose) and UV-Vis Spectroscopy was subjected to Linear Discriminant Analysis. Our results propose that discriminant analysis provides a rapid, efficient and accurate study for multi-class classification difficulties. LDA is capable to provide 100.0% correct classification of original grouped cases. However, only 85.4% of un-known grouped cases are correctly classified.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015813
Wan Rozaini Sheik Osman, K. Nisar, A. Altrad
Power Line Communication (PLC) is a potential infrastructure for Information and communication Technology (ICT) services provision. PLC is a technology that utilizes electrical power lines for high speed transmission of data, video, voice, et cetera. In an indoor environment, PLC can provide solutions for small offices and homes that have poor wireless coverage and provide high throughput and an inexpensive and easy-to-install Ethernet connection over powerlines. In this paper, we construct a real experiment to examine the performance of power line network adapters produced by the HomePlug AV standard using the Iperf tool. In addition, we explore commercially available equipment in an actual working environment. The impact of possible noise sources accrued from electrical appliances (chargers, AC Adapters, Fridge) and plug in conditions that the producer has not recommended have been examined simultaneously with data throughput analysis.
{"title":"Evaluation of broadband PLC technology over Malaysia's indoor power line network","authors":"Wan Rozaini Sheik Osman, K. Nisar, A. Altrad","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015813","url":null,"abstract":"Power Line Communication (PLC) is a potential infrastructure for Information and communication Technology (ICT) services provision. PLC is a technology that utilizes electrical power lines for high speed transmission of data, video, voice, et cetera. In an indoor environment, PLC can provide solutions for small offices and homes that have poor wireless coverage and provide high throughput and an inexpensive and easy-to-install Ethernet connection over powerlines. In this paper, we construct a real experiment to examine the performance of power line network adapters produced by the HomePlug AV standard using the Iperf tool. In addition, we explore commercially available equipment in an actual working environment. The impact of possible noise sources accrued from electrical appliances (chargers, AC Adapters, Fridge) and plug in conditions that the producer has not recommended have been examined simultaneously with data throughput analysis.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131667710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015761
N. H. Noordin, Z. Khalidin
The radiation pattern of an adaptive array antenna can be optimised by manipulating the amplitude and phase excitation of the array elements. In this paper, different adaptive beamforming algorithms including minimum Mean-Square Error (MSE), power minimisation and maximum Signal to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), are compared and discussed. The algorithms are applied to a 3-faceted adaptive array antenna. Simulation results show that the resulting radiation pattern with minimum MSE has higher directivity and lower sidelobe level compared to the other optimisation criteria, which allows the array to avoid more interference signals in a wireless communication system.
{"title":"Beamforming algorithms for adaptive array antenna","authors":"N. H. Noordin, Z. Khalidin","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015761","url":null,"abstract":"The radiation pattern of an adaptive array antenna can be optimised by manipulating the amplitude and phase excitation of the array elements. In this paper, different adaptive beamforming algorithms including minimum Mean-Square Error (MSE), power minimisation and maximum Signal to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), are compared and discussed. The algorithms are applied to a 3-faceted adaptive array antenna. Simulation results show that the resulting radiation pattern with minimum MSE has higher directivity and lower sidelobe level compared to the other optimisation criteria, which allows the array to avoid more interference signals in a wireless communication system.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130502050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015846
A. H. Abdul Aziz, A. H. Ismail, R. B. Ahmad, C. M. C. Isa, R. Farook, Z. Husin, A. Ezanuddin, A. Shakaff
Automatic grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunch is desired. In this study, a capacitive sensing system was designed and developed for the purpose of grading oil palm fresh fruit bunch. In this method, oil palm fresh fruit bunch placed between capacitive plates as a dielectric material and then measure the resulting capacitance voltage. Experiments were carried out using oil palm bunches of Tenera variety. Ripe and unripe mature bunches tested with 100 kHz sinusoidal frequencies. Correlation of capacitive response observed to be linear to bunch weight and negative linear to bunch ripeness. This result suggest that this method be explored for automatic grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunch.
{"title":"Design of a capacitive sensor for oil palm fresh fruit bunch maturity grading","authors":"A. H. Abdul Aziz, A. H. Ismail, R. B. Ahmad, C. M. C. Isa, R. Farook, Z. Husin, A. Ezanuddin, A. Shakaff","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015846","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunch is desired. In this study, a capacitive sensing system was designed and developed for the purpose of grading oil palm fresh fruit bunch. In this method, oil palm fresh fruit bunch placed between capacitive plates as a dielectric material and then measure the resulting capacitance voltage. Experiments were carried out using oil palm bunches of Tenera variety. Ripe and unripe mature bunches tested with 100 kHz sinusoidal frequencies. Correlation of capacitive response observed to be linear to bunch weight and negative linear to bunch ripeness. This result suggest that this method be explored for automatic grading of oil palm fresh fruit bunch.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121383641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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