Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015773
Md. Hafizur Rahman, Md Nasim Akter, R. B. Ahmad, M. Nader-uz-zaman, Mostafijur Rahman
Software driven solutions are limited to the amount of memory size and storage capacity, but the sizes of databases are increasing every day. Hence, now a day, handling data and accessing it in an acceptable time is one of the biggest challenges especially in a large database system. In a database, the records can be categorized according to the access frequencies; some records are very frequently accessed (hot data), some records are hardly accessed (cold data) and other records accessed occasionally (warm data). In a conventional database we keep all hot, warm and cold records in a single database. In case of record access (query, update etc.) a query might takes longer time even if a good data accessing algorithm (clustering/mining) incorporate with the database. Thus categorizing of the data set, i. e. clustering in terms of access frequency may improve data accessibility. In this paper, we are proposing a data clustering mechanism based on data access frequency. Finally, the expected result shows how and why data accessibility time should outperform other available data clustering techniques.
{"title":"Development of a framework to reduce overhead on database engine through data distribution","authors":"Md. Hafizur Rahman, Md Nasim Akter, R. B. Ahmad, M. Nader-uz-zaman, Mostafijur Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015773","url":null,"abstract":"Software driven solutions are limited to the amount of memory size and storage capacity, but the sizes of databases are increasing every day. Hence, now a day, handling data and accessing it in an acceptable time is one of the biggest challenges especially in a large database system. In a database, the records can be categorized according to the access frequencies; some records are very frequently accessed (hot data), some records are hardly accessed (cold data) and other records accessed occasionally (warm data). In a conventional database we keep all hot, warm and cold records in a single database. In case of record access (query, update etc.) a query might takes longer time even if a good data accessing algorithm (clustering/mining) incorporate with the database. Thus categorizing of the data set, i. e. clustering in terms of access frequency may improve data accessibility. In this paper, we are proposing a data clustering mechanism based on data access frequency. Finally, the expected result shows how and why data accessibility time should outperform other available data clustering techniques.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122859676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015797
Md. Shah Jaman, Md. Sharafat Ali, N. Ahmed, S. Aljunid, Matiur Rahman, R. Ahmad
In transmission media the Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are highly suitable for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems. This paper exhibit a Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber (H-PCF) that mention simultaneously high birefringence, large nonlinearity and high negative dispersion. The proposed H-PCFs shows a large negative dispersion coefficient of about -188 to -435 ps/(nm.km) over E and U-bands along with relative dispersion slope (RDS) perfectly matched to that of single mode fiber of about 0.0036 nm-1. Besides according to simulation, the birefringence of the desired designed is 1.27×10-2 with the large nonlinear coefficient is 51.54W-1Km-1 at the operating wavelength of 1550 nm.
在传输介质中，光子晶体光纤（PCF）非常适用于波分复用（WDM）系统。本文展示了一种同时具有高双折射、大非线性和高负色散特性的六边形光子晶体光纤（H-PCF）。所提出的 H-PCF 在 E 波段和 U 波段显示出约 -188 至 -435 ps/(nm.km)的高负色散系数，其相对色散斜率（RDS）与约 0.0036 nm-1 的单模光纤完全匹配。此外，根据模拟，在工作波长为 1550 nm 时，所设计的光纤的双折射为 1.27×10-2，大非线性系数为 51.54W-1Km-1。
{"title":"Large negative dispersion with residual dispersion (Dr) compensation over E+S+C+L+U wavelength bands by using single mode hexagonal Photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF)","authors":"Md. Shah Jaman, Md. Sharafat Ali, N. Ahmed, S. Aljunid, Matiur Rahman, R. Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015797","url":null,"abstract":"In transmission media the Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are highly suitable for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems. This paper exhibit a Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber (H-PCF) that mention simultaneously high birefringence, large nonlinearity and high negative dispersion. The proposed H-PCFs shows a large negative dispersion coefficient of about -188 to -435 ps/(nm.km) over E and U-bands along with relative dispersion slope (RDS) perfectly matched to that of single mode fiber of about 0.0036 nm-1. Besides according to simulation, the birefringence of the desired designed is 1.27×10-2 with the large nonlinear coefficient is 51.54W-1Km-1 at the operating wavelength of 1550 nm.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126387233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015817
M. Hurera, N. Hambali, N. Roshidah, M. Zainudin, A. Z. Malek, M. Wahid, Persiaran Mahsuri, Bayan Lepas, P. Pinang
In this paper we demonstrate a single-wavelength Brillouin Fiber laser utilizing ring cavity which operated in the L-band wavelength region. The Brillouin gain medium is provided by 4 km long of Single Mode Fiber. Based on the experimental result, it shows that the maximum output Brillouin power of 9.73 dBm with an average value of 8.5 dBm was obtained as the Brillouin pump power of 16.0 dBm and pump wavelength of 1580 nm were applied to the system. The output Brillouin Stokes power was directly dependence on the value of output Brillouin power. The optical-to-noise ratio of 43.1 dB has been generated from the system. Furthermore, without any self-lasing cavity modes activities, single-wavelength BFL is able to operate freely across L-band wavelength region.
{"title":"L-band single-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser utilizing ring cavity","authors":"M. Hurera, N. Hambali, N. Roshidah, M. Zainudin, A. Z. Malek, M. Wahid, Persiaran Mahsuri, Bayan Lepas, P. Pinang","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015817","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we demonstrate a single-wavelength Brillouin Fiber laser utilizing ring cavity which operated in the L-band wavelength region. The Brillouin gain medium is provided by 4 km long of Single Mode Fiber. Based on the experimental result, it shows that the maximum output Brillouin power of 9.73 dBm with an average value of 8.5 dBm was obtained as the Brillouin pump power of 16.0 dBm and pump wavelength of 1580 nm were applied to the system. The output Brillouin Stokes power was directly dependence on the value of output Brillouin power. The optical-to-noise ratio of 43.1 dB has been generated from the system. Furthermore, without any self-lasing cavity modes activities, single-wavelength BFL is able to operate freely across L-band wavelength region.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130901717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015820
Tran Hoang Vu, V. C. Luc, Nguyen Trung Quan, Tran Manh Nam, Nguyen Huu Thanh, Pham Ngoc Nam
Improving energy efficiency in network equipments and data centers is becoming an increasingly important research topic. Recent researches on energy saving for green data center aim to solve problem: How to make the energy consumption is proportional to the actual traffic on the network. In this paper, we present a design aimed at reducing the power consumption for Openflow Switches while guaranteeing the Quality of Service (QoS). Firstly, we design the Performance Switch to save energy according to input traffic. When there is not any traffic going through the switch then operating frequence will automatically reduce to 0 MHz and it is changed to 125MHz in case the switch receives and transmits data. Finally, we describe our test system and performance evaluations. Experimental results show excellent evident in energy saving according to various ranges of traffic load. Our switches can save about 30%-35% of power consumption compared with normal Openflow switch.
{"title":"The new method to save energy for Openflow Switch based on traffic engineering","authors":"Tran Hoang Vu, V. C. Luc, Nguyen Trung Quan, Tran Manh Nam, Nguyen Huu Thanh, Pham Ngoc Nam","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015820","url":null,"abstract":"Improving energy efficiency in network equipments and data centers is becoming an increasingly important research topic. Recent researches on energy saving for green data center aim to solve problem: How to make the energy consumption is proportional to the actual traffic on the network. In this paper, we present a design aimed at reducing the power consumption for Openflow Switches while guaranteeing the Quality of Service (QoS). Firstly, we design the Performance Switch to save energy according to input traffic. When there is not any traffic going through the switch then operating frequence will automatically reduce to 0 MHz and it is changed to 125MHz in case the switch receives and transmits data. Finally, we describe our test system and performance evaluations. Experimental results show excellent evident in energy saving according to various ranges of traffic load. Our switches can save about 30%-35% of power consumption compared with normal Openflow switch.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131351320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015772
T. A. Fadil, S. Yaakob, R Badlishah Ahmad
In this paper, a hybrid framework of compressed and encrypted video signal transmission over wireless channel has been designed and implemented. Chaos theory property has been combined with artificial neural network to construct a cipher algorithm called a Chaotic Neural Network (CNN). This algorithm has been embedded and integrated inside MPEG-2 video codec standard to transform the plaintext (compressed video data) into an unintelligible form. The resultant compressed and encrypted bitstream has been transmitted from source to destination by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation technique. The effect of wireless channel condition has been investigated for both AWGN and Rayleigh fading channel. A video signal sample of size 176 × 144 (QCIF standard format) with rate of 30 frame per second has been used for test and simulate the overall system model framework performance. MATLAB software package has been used for system model framework implementation. The proposed framework is flexible and has ability to control output video quality, bit rate, and group of picture (GOP) number and their arrangement. Subjective and objective measurements have been used for overall system model performance evaluation. Results indicate high sensitivity behavior for both key and plaintext modification with high entropy result value.
{"title":"A hybrid chaos and neural network cipher encryption algorithm for compressed video signal transmission over wireless channel","authors":"T. A. Fadil, S. Yaakob, R Badlishah Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015772","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a hybrid framework of compressed and encrypted video signal transmission over wireless channel has been designed and implemented. Chaos theory property has been combined with artificial neural network to construct a cipher algorithm called a Chaotic Neural Network (CNN). This algorithm has been embedded and integrated inside MPEG-2 video codec standard to transform the plaintext (compressed video data) into an unintelligible form. The resultant compressed and encrypted bitstream has been transmitted from source to destination by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation technique. The effect of wireless channel condition has been investigated for both AWGN and Rayleigh fading channel. A video signal sample of size 176 × 144 (QCIF standard format) with rate of 30 frame per second has been used for test and simulate the overall system model framework performance. MATLAB software package has been used for system model framework implementation. The proposed framework is flexible and has ability to control output video quality, bit rate, and group of picture (GOP) number and their arrangement. Subjective and objective measurements have been used for overall system model performance evaluation. Results indicate high sensitivity behavior for both key and plaintext modification with high entropy result value.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124402378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015787
L. Said, A. Radwan, A. Madian, A. Soliman
This paper investigates the general analysis of the three impedance common B oscillators based on two port network. The concept is applied for 12 different impedance structures to obtain a second order oscillator where the condition and the frequency of oscillation are studied for each case. Then three special cases of two-port networks whose transmission matrices contain two non-zero elements are studied which represent MOS, BJT and gyrator circuits where six cases only can be adapted to have oscillation using gyrators. The effect on non-idealities of the current conveyor used to build gyrator on the condition and the frequency of oscillation is also studied. Finally three different cases are validated using the circuit simulations which match the theoretical study.
{"title":"Two-port oscillators based on three impedance structure","authors":"L. Said, A. Radwan, A. Madian, A. Soliman","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015787","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the general analysis of the three impedance common B oscillators based on two port network. The concept is applied for 12 different impedance structures to obtain a second order oscillator where the condition and the frequency of oscillation are studied for each case. Then three special cases of two-port networks whose transmission matrices contain two non-zero elements are studied which represent MOS, BJT and gyrator circuits where six cases only can be adapted to have oscillation using gyrators. The effect on non-idealities of the current conveyor used to build gyrator on the condition and the frequency of oscillation is also studied. Finally three different cases are validated using the circuit simulations which match the theoretical study.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131394134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015832
M. R. I. Mat Jusoh, M. N. Mohd Warip, R. Ahamd, A. W. Che Abdul Rahman, P. Ehkan
In this survey, we presents a framework that proposes a guidelines and recommendation for the Routing Techniques perspectives in optical networks. Several subject are discussed in detail in this paper. A first important topic is the fundamental of Optical Routing techniques for network planning and optimization has recently attracted intensive research interest particularly in the area of intelligent control plane. A second important issues is the routing problem in networks with static, incremental and dynamic. In addition, we investigate several routing techniques by comparing in term of their operation, characteristics and mechanisms. Finally, this survey contributes to appropriate knowledge and challenges in legacy optical networks and towards future research development.
{"title":"A review and survey of routing techniques in transparent core optical networks: Evolution, perspectives and frontiers","authors":"M. R. I. Mat Jusoh, M. N. Mohd Warip, R. Ahamd, A. W. Che Abdul Rahman, P. Ehkan","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015832","url":null,"abstract":"In this survey, we presents a framework that proposes a guidelines and recommendation for the Routing Techniques perspectives in optical networks. Several subject are discussed in detail in this paper. A first important topic is the fundamental of Optical Routing techniques for network planning and optimization has recently attracted intensive research interest particularly in the area of intelligent control plane. A second important issues is the routing problem in networks with static, incremental and dynamic. In addition, we investigate several routing techniques by comparing in term of their operation, characteristics and mechanisms. Finally, this survey contributes to appropriate knowledge and challenges in legacy optical networks and towards future research development.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131916665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015829
R. Visvanathan, S. M. Mamduh, K. Kamarudin, M. M. Razali, A. Yeon, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, S. Shukor, A. Shakaff, F. Saad, N. A. Rahim
Ultrasonic sensor is one of the most cost-effective sensor used to obtain range information and obstacle avoidance. Due to its simplicity, this sensor is widely used in mobile robot applications to acquire environment features and mapping. Although the sensor can track a still or moving target, it does not provide information on the shape and pattern of the detected object. This paper proposes and highlights a low cost method using an array of ultrasonic sensors to be embedded on multiple robots for wall features extraction. Instead of using a single sensor, multiple sensors are used to increase the accuracy and improve coverage on the field of view of the sensor. More information can be extracted such as bearing angle of walls and possibly the shape of an object. A multiple pulse transmit and instantaneous multiple echo receive approach is implemented. The experimental results prove that this method is able to extract different type of wall features, accurately.
{"title":"Multi channel ultrasonic sensing system for wall features extraction","authors":"R. Visvanathan, S. M. Mamduh, K. Kamarudin, M. M. Razali, A. Yeon, A. Zakaria, L. Kamarudin, S. Shukor, A. Shakaff, F. Saad, N. A. Rahim","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015829","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasonic sensor is one of the most cost-effective sensor used to obtain range information and obstacle avoidance. Due to its simplicity, this sensor is widely used in mobile robot applications to acquire environment features and mapping. Although the sensor can track a still or moving target, it does not provide information on the shape and pattern of the detected object. This paper proposes and highlights a low cost method using an array of ultrasonic sensors to be embedded on multiple robots for wall features extraction. Instead of using a single sensor, multiple sensors are used to increase the accuracy and improve coverage on the field of view of the sensor. More information can be extracted such as bearing angle of walls and possibly the shape of an object. A multiple pulse transmit and instantaneous multiple echo receive approach is implemented. The experimental results prove that this method is able to extract different type of wall features, accurately.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134097924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015860
Y. Zahedi, R. Ngah, Uche Oknonkwo, S. Nunoo, M. Mokayef
Ultra wideband is a promising technology for achieving high data rate communication. When channel measurements are conducted, the channel values can be extracted using CLEAN deconvolution algorithm. However, artifact paths can be generated during this process. These artifact paths are registered as channel element values representing a reflected signal from a scatterer. In reality, these mentioned paths does not represent a real scattering environment which affects accurate channel modeling. Therefore, removing the artifact paths is important to conserve better and more real scattering environment. In this paper, a scattering identification algorithm that can be used upon CLEAN algorithm is presented. It has been developed based on the geometric elliptical modeling approach. Results show that the developed algorithm can remove additional paths in a particular delay bin and conserve one channel values in that bin.
{"title":"UWB channel measurement and development of scatterer identification algorithm","authors":"Y. Zahedi, R. Ngah, Uche Oknonkwo, S. Nunoo, M. Mokayef","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015860","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra wideband is a promising technology for achieving high data rate communication. When channel measurements are conducted, the channel values can be extracted using CLEAN deconvolution algorithm. However, artifact paths can be generated during this process. These artifact paths are registered as channel element values representing a reflected signal from a scatterer. In reality, these mentioned paths does not represent a real scattering environment which affects accurate channel modeling. Therefore, removing the artifact paths is important to conserve better and more real scattering environment. In this paper, a scattering identification algorithm that can be used upon CLEAN algorithm is presented. It has been developed based on the geometric elliptical modeling approach. Results show that the developed algorithm can remove additional paths in a particular delay bin and conserve one channel values in that bin.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117028449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ICED.2014.7015819
Ausilah Al-Fraihat, A. Wesam Al-Mufti, U. Hashim, T. Adam
Some evidences have been found that urine can be used as a biomarker for the detection of many types of diseases. The purpose of this study is to use permittivity of urine to assess whether different stages of breast cancer are significantly different. Changes in electrical resistance of urine samples to applied microwaves were measured over a frequency range between 10MHz to 20GHz. This is carried out by the measurement of samples' response to applied microwave energy using network vector analyzer. SPSS was used to find out the significant difference in urine permittivity values across different stages of breast cancer. The results show significant difference between stage 1 and stage 2 in all dielectric parameters of urine permittivity. Significant difference was also found between stage 2 and stage 3 in both dielectric constant and loss factor parameters while the significant difference between stage 1 and stage 3 only exists in loss factor parameter. The results suggest that it is possible to estimate the stage of breast cancer based on the dielectric properties of urine.
{"title":"Potential of urine dielectric properties in classification of stages of breast carcinomas","authors":"Ausilah Al-Fraihat, A. Wesam Al-Mufti, U. Hashim, T. Adam","doi":"10.1109/ICED.2014.7015819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICED.2014.7015819","url":null,"abstract":"Some evidences have been found that urine can be used as a biomarker for the detection of many types of diseases. The purpose of this study is to use permittivity of urine to assess whether different stages of breast cancer are significantly different. Changes in electrical resistance of urine samples to applied microwaves were measured over a frequency range between 10MHz to 20GHz. This is carried out by the measurement of samples' response to applied microwave energy using network vector analyzer. SPSS was used to find out the significant difference in urine permittivity values across different stages of breast cancer. The results show significant difference between stage 1 and stage 2 in all dielectric parameters of urine permittivity. Significant difference was also found between stage 2 and stage 3 in both dielectric constant and loss factor parameters while the significant difference between stage 1 and stage 3 only exists in loss factor parameter. The results suggest that it is possible to estimate the stage of breast cancer based on the dielectric properties of urine.","PeriodicalId":143806,"journal":{"name":"2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125570711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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