Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.402
A. Ghais
The energy mix petroleum, pet coke, coal, heavy fuel plants can apply solid waste management methods for clean, economical solutions within the GCC region. The use of cheap building materials which generate in the power plants, can be applied in the Gulf area. The GCC electricity production plants with will produce huge fly ash amount. As an example, 50-60 tons of heavy fuel fly ash formed from a mid-capacity power plant of 2300 mw. The GCC power stations are the main supply of ash that is currently imported from outside the region. This research bestowed the expected fly ash resources and amounts within the Arab Gulf states, from the operating and planed electricity plants. The results showed that a substantial proportion of fly ash can be locally collected and utilized. Cheap and environmental applications are often extended from native ash utilization for the construction and water treatment sector.
{"title":"Power Station Waste Utilization in Arab Gulf Countries: Fly Ash Production and Economical Potential","authors":"A. Ghais","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.402","url":null,"abstract":"The energy mix petroleum, pet coke, coal, heavy fuel plants can apply solid waste management methods for clean, economical solutions within the GCC region. The use of cheap building materials which generate in the power plants, can be applied in the Gulf area. The GCC electricity production plants with will produce huge fly ash amount. As an example, 50-60 tons of heavy fuel fly ash formed from a mid-capacity power plant of 2300 mw. The GCC power stations are the main supply of ash that is currently imported from outside the region. This research bestowed the expected fly ash resources and amounts within the Arab Gulf states, from the operating and planed electricity plants. The results showed that a substantial proportion of fly ash can be locally collected and utilized. Cheap and environmental applications are often extended from native ash utilization for the construction and water treatment sector.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89667526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.E403
B. Gao
{"title":"Wastewater Did Not Significantly Alter Seismic Stress Direction in Southern Kansas, Study Finds","authors":"B. Gao","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.E403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.E403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"8 7 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75837507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.418
V. Jose, Reetesh Bose
Groundwater, which occurs beneath the surface of the land, filling the pore spaces of rocks called aquifers, plays a great role in the human lives as it constitutes the major portion of the world’s drinking water. Groundwater is heavily relied upon for other domestic purposes, agriculture and industrial uses also. Indiscriminate and unplanned over-extraction and use of groundwater has led to groundwater depletion and pollution and the groundwater reserve all over is under an intense pressure. This paper highlights the evolution and recognition of right to water in India and in the international framework. It traces the evolution of statutes in relation to the control of groundwater resources, starting from the Colonial era, traversing through the latest legislative attempts initiated for the conservation of groundwater in India. In order to address the issues related to the use of groundwater and to comprehensively identify strategies for management of the same in the best way, there is a need for coordinated efforts by the stakeholders including the government, industries, and agriculturists and so on. Immediate and stringent actions are required to ensure sustainable utilisation of this resource so that it can be preserved for the generations to come. The paper concludes by giving suggestions and recommendation for the enhancement of the legal regime for the effective preservation and maximum utilisation of the groundwater resources.
{"title":"Groundwater Management in India: Problems and Perspectives","authors":"V. Jose, Reetesh Bose","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.418","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater, which occurs beneath the surface of the land, filling the pore spaces of rocks called aquifers, plays a great role in the human lives as it constitutes the major portion of the world’s drinking water. Groundwater is heavily relied upon for other domestic purposes, agriculture and industrial uses also. Indiscriminate and unplanned over-extraction and use of groundwater has led to groundwater depletion and pollution and the groundwater reserve all over is under an intense pressure. This paper highlights the evolution and recognition of right to water in India and in the international framework. It traces the evolution of statutes in relation to the control of groundwater resources, starting from the Colonial era, traversing through the latest legislative attempts initiated for the conservation of groundwater in India. In order to address the issues related to the use of groundwater and to comprehensively identify strategies for management of the same in the best way, there is a need for coordinated efforts by the stakeholders including the government, industries, and agriculturists and so on. Immediate and stringent actions are required to ensure sustainable utilisation of this resource so that it can be preserved for the generations to come. The paper concludes by giving suggestions and recommendation for the enhancement of the legal regime for the effective preservation and maximum utilisation of the groundwater resources.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77627620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.415
Wondimu Elias Worajo
Urbanization is one of the key factors that contribute to urban flooding, which has caused major destruction to the environment, public and private buildings and disrupts public life. In particular, the increase in population and building density influence the change in hydrological characteristics in urban areas. This study assessed the approach to drainage system sustainability in Bodity town. To this end, households of the town and public sector officials were interviewed to obtain necessary information for the study. Inadequate coverage, poor quality and inappropriate provision of drainage infrastructure were problems identified in the study. Weak technical and institutional capacities associated with lack of finance, lack of integration among concerned bodies, lack of community participation and poor operation and maintenance are factors constraining proper drainage infrastructure provision and worsening the situation in the study area.
{"title":"Drainage System Sustainability in Bodity town, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Wondimu Elias Worajo","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.415","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization is one of the key factors that contribute to urban flooding, which has caused major destruction to the environment, public and private buildings and disrupts public life. In particular, the increase in population and building density influence the change in hydrological characteristics in urban areas. This study assessed the approach to drainage system sustainability in Bodity town. To this end, households of the town and public sector officials were interviewed to obtain necessary information for the study. Inadequate coverage, poor quality and inappropriate provision of drainage infrastructure were problems identified in the study. Weak technical and institutional capacities associated with lack of finance, lack of integration among concerned bodies, lack of community participation and poor operation and maintenance are factors constraining proper drainage infrastructure provision and worsening the situation in the study area.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75047214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.414
Falola To, Adetoro Io, Idowu Oa
Groundwater is the major source of water for municipal use in the AbeokutaNorth Local Government of Nigeria. However, there is a tendency for its quality to deviate from recommended standards as most groundwater sources are close to regions prone to erosion and most well are not usually covered. The tragedy is that the adverse effect might creep into the ecosystem and affects humanity if a regular check on the quality is not been made. The Geographical location and altitude of each well location were taken using Global Positioning System (GPS). The moderate PH range (6.30-7.36) can be linked to low values of TDS (352 mg/L) and EC (695 ms/cm) which are within the standard recommended for drinking- indicate a low concentration of salt contents. The relationship between the parameters shows a direct trend with the hydraulic head. Hence, groundwater sources (wells) in Abeokuta North Local Government are good for drinking.
{"title":"Water Quality Assessment of Groundwaters (Hand-Dug Wells) in Abeokuta North Local Government, Nigeria","authors":"Falola To, Adetoro Io, Idowu Oa","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.414","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is the major source of water for municipal use in the AbeokutaNorth Local Government of Nigeria. However, there is a tendency for its quality to deviate from recommended standards as most groundwater sources are close to regions prone to erosion and most well are not usually covered. The tragedy is that the adverse effect might creep into the ecosystem and affects humanity if a regular check on the quality is not been made. The Geographical location and altitude of each well location were taken using Global Positioning System (GPS). The moderate PH range (6.30-7.36) can be linked to low values of TDS (352 mg/L) and EC (695 ms/cm) which are within the standard recommended for drinking- indicate a low concentration of salt contents. The relationship between the parameters shows a direct trend with the hydraulic head. Hence, groundwater sources (wells) in Abeokuta North Local Government are good for drinking.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"96 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80370370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.426
Vasudevan Subramanyan
{"title":"Hong Kong's Marine Ecosystem over the Last 100 Years","authors":"Vasudevan Subramanyan","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"81 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83907295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.396
Malek Hassanpour
The presence of post-combustion main gaseous products dissipated into the environment participated in emerging serious damages in the atmosphere. The combustion operation as one of the prominent technologies posed in the disposal of waste stream emits huge quantities of valuable gaseous products as well as its emission of various industrial and non-industrial resources that can be an appropriate feedstock for many industrial units. The objective of the present review conducted towards technologies that came into view in handling and separating gaseous products of O2, N2, CO, CO2 in the post-combustion operation. Therefore, the concepts and implications picked up from scientific references to demystify the overwhelming technologies that emerged in this regard. The findings attract the interests of the researchers by defining the framework of a matrix of criteria and alternatives for the experts' opinion and making the decision for the best alternative possible. Also, the important industrial plants implemented in Iran were explained with the best technologies selected for the gas capturing operation. According to available technologies, it was found the sorbents and molecular sieves as best choices that have been detected by the Iranian assessment team in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) plan. The conclusion of the review can be allocated to offering further options in alternative energies based on the new technologies asserted and environmental challenges raised.
{"title":"O2, N2, CO, CO2 capture technologies in the post-combustion operation of the waste stream (A review)","authors":"Malek Hassanpour","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.396","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of post-combustion main gaseous products dissipated into the environment participated in emerging serious damages in the atmosphere. The combustion operation as one of the prominent technologies posed in the disposal of waste stream emits huge quantities of valuable gaseous products as well as its emission of various industrial and non-industrial resources that can be an appropriate feedstock for many industrial units. The objective of the present review conducted towards technologies that came into view in handling and separating gaseous products of O2, N2, CO, CO2 in the post-combustion operation. Therefore, the concepts and implications picked up from scientific references to demystify the overwhelming technologies that emerged in this regard. The findings attract the interests of the researchers by defining the framework of a matrix of criteria and alternatives for the experts' opinion and making the decision for the best alternative possible. Also, the important industrial plants implemented in Iran were explained with the best technologies selected for the gas capturing operation. According to available technologies, it was found the sorbents and molecular sieves as best choices that have been detected by the Iranian assessment team in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) plan. The conclusion of the review can be allocated to offering further options in alternative energies based on the new technologies asserted and environmental challenges raised.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77930976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.394
A. Souilhi, R. Abidi
Aluminum being stacked between two layers of polyethylene in food bricks, is a source of hydrogen production highly demanded as energy in our days. With aqueous solutions of NaOH and KOH at concentrations ranging from 1 M to 10 M for T=40, 60 and 80°C, we conclude that the activation energy Ea (NaOH)=36416 J.mol-1 is lower than that of Ea (KOH) at T=60°C and a concentration of 4 M, the reaction is strongly influenced by temperature and concentration. Sodium hydroxide generally promotes more cost-effective reactions. Obtaining an aluminum hydroxide accompanied by salt (NaCl or KCl) after acid treatment of the residual alkaline solution was verified by SEM and IR, thus preserving the nature.
{"title":"Production of Hydrogen by Reaction of Pet-Al Residues of Food Bricks in the Presence of NaOH and KOH","authors":"A. Souilhi, R. Abidi","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.394","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum being stacked between two layers of polyethylene in food bricks, is a source of hydrogen production highly demanded as energy in our days. With aqueous solutions of NaOH and KOH at concentrations ranging from 1 M to 10 M for T=40, 60 and 80°C, we conclude that the activation energy Ea (NaOH)=36416 J.mol-1 is lower than that of Ea (KOH) at T=60°C and a concentration of 4 M, the reaction is strongly influenced by temperature and concentration. Sodium hydroxide generally promotes more cost-effective reactions. Obtaining an aluminum hydroxide accompanied by salt (NaCl or KCl) after acid treatment of the residual alkaline solution was verified by SEM and IR, thus preserving the nature.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86183300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.410
A. Bhuyan
Digital waste exchange platforms are an emerging concept which has gained immense popularity in recent times worldwide. The main reason for such increasing popularity is its push towards a complete circular economy and which in turn helps in conservation of resources as well as energy. The study focuses on the scope and the aspects of a digital waste exchange platform in India. A few frameworks on digital materials exchange have been developed by certain international organizations and institutions abroad. With increase in the amount of waste generation as well as population, the need for such a platform in near future will become essential. With the current waste management system in India, it won’t be able to curb the challenges posed with increasing amounts of waste in near future. The study has tried to formulate a framework based on various International literatures keeping in mind the Indian scenario. Moreover, a study on the external environment of a digital waste exchange platform in India is carried out using the PESTLE analysis. The results have indicated the various opportunities as well threats pertaining to the various identified factors of the six aspects of PESTLE analysis.
{"title":"Scope of Digital Waste Exchange Platforms in India","authors":"A. Bhuyan","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.410","url":null,"abstract":"Digital waste exchange platforms are an emerging concept which has gained immense popularity in recent times worldwide. The main reason for such increasing popularity is its push towards a complete circular economy and which in turn helps in conservation of resources as well as energy. The study focuses on the scope and the aspects of a digital waste exchange platform in India. A few frameworks on digital materials exchange have been developed by certain international organizations and institutions abroad. With increase in the amount of waste generation as well as population, the need for such a platform in near future will become essential. With the current waste management system in India, it won’t be able to curb the challenges posed with increasing amounts of waste in near future. The study has tried to formulate a framework based on various International literatures keeping in mind the Indian scenario. Moreover, a study on the external environment of a digital waste exchange platform in India is carried out using the PESTLE analysis. The results have indicated the various opportunities as well threats pertaining to the various identified factors of the six aspects of PESTLE analysis.","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88496522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.E402
D. Makris
{"title":"Researchers Discover a New Inorganic Material with Lowest Thermal Conductivity Ever Reported","authors":"D. Makris","doi":"10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.E402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2252-5211.21.11.E402","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14393,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Waste Resources","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81870944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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