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Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Local-Colored Rice Landraces Using SSR Markers 利用SSR标记评价地方色稻地方品种遗传多样性
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2018-02-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.67.24
H. Hue, L. T. Nghia, Hoàng Tuyết Minh, L. Anh, L. Trang, T. Khanh
Analysis of genetic diversity of 90 Vietnamese local-colored rice accessions was evaluated by using 40 SSR markers. The numbers of polymorphic alleles ranged from 3 to 12 alleles per locus and average of 7.1 alleles per locus. The similarity coefficients of the rice landraces fluctuated from 0.76 to 0.93; at a genetic correlation level of 0.78. Ninety accessions of rice landraces were divided into five groups based on analysis of genetic relationships. The results have indicated that 11 markers included: M250, RM302, RM10926, RM208, RM227, RM17231, RM23251, RM5647, RM1376, RM339 and RM228 which gave the unique allele. These markers can be used effectively for genetic diversity of colored rice and provided a specific database and useful materials for landraces identification, local germplasm conservation for further colored rice improvement on rice quality via rice breeding programs in Vietnam.
利用40个SSR标记对90份越南地方彩色水稻材料的遗传多样性进行了分析。多态性等位基因的数量为每个位点3-12个,平均每个位点7.1个。水稻地方品种的相似系数在0.76~0.93之间波动;遗传相关水平为0.78。通过对90份水稻地方品种的亲缘关系分析,将其分为5组。结果表明,11个标记包括:M250、RM302、RM10926、RM208、RM227、RM17231、RM23251、RM5647、RM1376、RM339和RM228。这些标记可以有效地用于彩色水稻的遗传多样性,并为地方品种鉴定、地方种质保护提供特定的数据库和有用的材料,通过越南的水稻育种计划进一步提高彩色水稻的稻米质量。
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引用次数: 11
Growth and Rhizome Yield of Ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) as Influenced by Propagule Size and Nitrogen Levels in Ogbomoso, Southwestern Nigeria 繁殖体大小和氮水平对尼日利亚西南部Ogbomoso生姜生长和根产量的影响
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2018-02-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.67.35
R. F. Asafa, W. Akanbi
The experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria in 2010 and 2011 to determine the effect of propagule size and nitrogen levels on the growth and rhizome yield of ginger. The nitrogen source was from Tithonia compost (TC). Three propagule sizes were tested (20, 30 and 40 g) and seven nitrogen levels (0, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140g kg N/ha). The experimental pots were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were collected on growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and leaf width); rhizome yield components (number of tillers and rhizomes, and rhizome weight and length); and proximate composition (crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), total lipid (TL); Total Ash (TA), Starch and water soluble extract). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and significant means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (P ≤ 0.05). Propagule size, N levels and their interactions significantly (P≤ 0.05) influenced most of the parameters assessed. In most cases, the use of 30 and 40 g planting material gave similar results. Plants nourished with 140 kg N/ha significantly and consistently outperformed others fertilized with other nitrogen levels. Crude protein obtained from 40 g propagule size was significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) higher than other tested propagule sizes. The rhizome yields of fertilized plants were significantly higher than the non fertilized plants. Rhizome yields ranged from 1.57 t/ha in none fertilized plants to 3.71 t/ha in 140 kg N/ha. In conclusion, establishment of ginger with 40 g planting materials and its nourishment with 140 kg N/ha enhanced its growth, rhizome yield and proximate compositions of the plant.
实验于2010年和2011年在尼日利亚Ogbomoso Ladoke Akintola理工大学的教学和研究农场进行,以确定繁殖体大小和氮水平对生姜生长和根茎产量的影响。氮的来源为铁香堆肥(TC)。测试了三种繁殖体大小(20、30和40 g)和七种氮水平(0、40、60、80、100、120和140 g kg N/ha)。实验罐采用随机完全块设计,有三个重复。收集有关生长参数(株高、叶数、叶长和叶宽)的数据;根茎产量组成部分(分蘖和根茎的数量,以及根茎的重量和长度);以及近似组成(粗蛋白(CP)、粗纤维(CF)、总脂质(TL);总灰分(TA)、淀粉和水溶性提取物)。对收集的数据进行方差分析,并使用Duncan多范围检验(DMRT)比较显著均值(P≤0.05)。繁殖体大小、氮水平及其相互作用显著影响(P≤0.05%)评估的大多数参数。在大多数情况下,使用30克和40克的种植材料会产生类似的结果。用140公斤氮/公顷营养的植物显著且持续地优于用其他氮水平施肥的植物。从40g繁殖体大小获得的粗蛋白显著(P≤0.05)高于其他测试繁殖体大小。受精植株的根茎产量显著高于未受精植株。根状茎产量从未施肥植物的1.57吨/公顷到140公斤N/公顷的3.71吨/公顷不等。综上所述,40g种植材料和140kg N/ha营养液对生姜的生长、根茎产量和主要成分均有促进作用。
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引用次数: 5
Identification of Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds and Assessment of Antioxidant Activity of Origanum acutidens 牛耳草生物活性多酚类化合物的鉴定及抗氧化活性评价
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.66.1
Abdülmelik Aras, Muzaffer Silinsin, Muhammed Nuri Bingol, E. Bursal
The main objective of the current work is to search the antioxidant activities of Origanum acutidens leaves by using DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods severally. Three well known antioxidant compounds (BHA, BHT and ascorbic acid) were used as standards for comparing the extracts. Also, phenolic compounds of Origanum acutidens leaves were identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The high concentrations of rosmarinic acid (11158.99 ppb) quinic acid (3200.84 ppb) and naringenin (1238.45 ppb) were detected quantitatively.
本研究的主要目的是分别采用DPPH、FRAP和CUTRAC方法研究尖牛至叶片的抗氧化活性。三种众所周知的抗氧化剂化合物(BHA、BHT和抗坏血酸)被用作比较提取物的标准。同时,利用UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS对尖叶牛至叶片中的酚类化合物进行了鉴定。对迷迭香酸(11158.99ppb)、奎宁酸(3200.84ppb)和柚皮素(1238.45ppb)的高浓度进行了定量检测。
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引用次数: 22
Aspects of the Reproductive Biology of Black-Striped Pipefish Syngnathus abaster Risso, 1827 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathidae) in the Zaporizke Reservoir, Ukraine 乌克兰Zaporizke水库黑条纹管鱼Syngnathus abaster Risso, 1827的生殖生物学方面(放线鱼科:管鱼科)
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.66.9
O. Marenkov
Black-striped pipefish Syngnathus abaster Risso, 1827 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathidae) has successfully spread in freshwater ecosystems of Ponto-Caspian basin. Monitoring studies show a steady increase in the number and biomass of pipefish in waters of Dnipro region. It is highly adaptable and breeds in a fresh water. This fact indicates the physiological plasticity of the reproductive system and ability to adapt to new environmental conditions. In the Zaporizke Reservoir pipefish spawns at a temperature of 18.0–22.0°C in the coastal area of the reservoir. Pipefish with a body length of 8.9 to 12.5 cm had gonads with weight of about 0.13 g, and the number of eggs ranged from 26 to 68. The maximum fertility had female 155 mm long and it reached 69 eggs. Size of eggs reached about 1.2±0.05 mm. The histological analysis of the gonads of pipefish and research of histometric measurements of eggs of fish at various stages of development was first conducted. In the period before pipefish spawning, there were eggs in different stages of maturity in the ovaries: oocyte in the phase of primary follicle «С», oocyte in the phase of vacuolation «D3», oocyte in the phase of trophoplasmatic growth «Е», beginning phase of mature follicle «F». Research of pipefish reproduction has important theoretical and practical significance for resolving issues with the spread of this species and its adaptation to new conditions.
黑条纹管鱼Syngnathus abaster Risso,1827(Actinopterygii:Syngnathidae)已成功在蓬托-里海流域的淡水生态系统中传播。监测研究表明,第聂伯罗地区水域的管鱼数量和生物量稳步增加。它适应性强,在淡水中繁殖。这一事实表明生殖系统的生理可塑性和适应新环境条件的能力。在Zaporizke水库,温度为18.0–22.0°C的管道鱼在水库沿海地区产卵。体长8.9至12.5厘米的胡椒鱼的性腺重量约为0.13克,卵数在26至68枚之间。最大生育能力为雌性155毫米长,卵数达到69枚。卵大小约为1.2±0.05mm。首次对琵琶鱼性腺进行了组织学分析,并对不同发育阶段的琵琶鱼卵进行了组织测量研究。在河豚产卵前,卵巢中有处于不同成熟阶段的卵:初级卵泡期的卵母细胞«С»,空泡化期的卵母细胞«D3»,滋养体生长期的卵细胞«E»,成熟卵泡的起始期«F»。管鱼繁殖研究对于解决该物种的传播及其适应新条件的问题具有重要的理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the Effect of Planting Distance and Harvesting Time on the Carotenoids and Phytochemicals of Selected Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties 种植距离和收获时间对橙肉甘薯品种类胡萝卜素和植物化学物质影响的评价
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.66.17
Obianuju Orimma Kalu, P. Ojimelukwe, A. Ukom
We evaluated the carotenoid profile and concentration (by HPLC) and the phytochemical content of two OFSP varieties (Umuspo 3 and Ex-Igbariam) planted at three distances (20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm) and harvested in two different periods (12th and 16th weeks after planting) respectively. Carotene contents of the outer peel and inner flesh of the sweet potato varieties were also determined. The results showed wide variation in the carotenoid and phytochemical content among the varieties at different planting spaces and harvest periods. Umuspo 3 planted at 20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm had significantly greater carotenoid concentration than Ex-Igbariam variety. The predominant carotenoid was β-carotene with highest concentration obtained from 40 cm planting distance (92.82µg/g) and 30 cm (80.97µg/g) for Umuspo 3. Ex-Igbariam at 30 cm planting distance contained 2.51µg/g β-carotene when harvested after 16th weeks. Also the highest β-carotene concentration was from Umuspo 3 flesh sample planted 30 and 40 cm (409.45 and 441.15 mg/100g) and the peel for samples planted 30 and 40 cm (490.47 and 640.69 mg/100g, respectively) at the 12th week of harvest. Flavonoids were present in significant amounts (310.62mg/100g) in Umuspo 3 planted at 30 cm and harvested after 12th week while in total polyphenol, significant quantities of ≈42.12mg/100g was present in Ex-Igbariam spaced at 30 cm and 40 cm and harvested after 16th week. Provitamin A carotenoid was calculated and Umuspo 3 pro-vitamin A carotenoid was significantly higher (p< 0.05) with highest concentration (742.26 RE/100g) present in samples from 40 cm planting distance. The results showed that planting space and harvesting period had significant impact on the carotenoid and phytochemical concentrations of OFSP varieties. Planting distances of 30 and 40 cm are recommended for high carotenoid content in the two sweet potato varieties.
我们评估了在三个距离(20厘米、30厘米和40厘米)种植并分别在两个不同时期(种植后第12周和第16周)收获的两个OFSP品种(Umuspo 3和Ex-Igbariam)的类胡萝卜素图谱和浓度(通过HPLC)以及植物化学成分。测定了甘薯品种果皮和果肉中的胡萝卜素含量。结果表明,在不同的种植空间和收获期,不同品种的类胡萝卜素和植物化学物质含量差异很大。在20厘米、30厘米和40厘米处种植的Umuspo3的类胡萝卜素浓度显著高于Ex Igbariam品种。主要的类胡萝卜素是β-胡萝卜素,在40厘米的种植距离(92.82µg/g)和30厘米(80.97µg/g。Ex-Igbariam在种植距离为30厘米时,在第16周后收获时含有2.51µg/gβ-胡萝卜素。此外,在收获的第12周,种植30和40厘米(409.45和441.15mg/100g)的Umuspo 3果肉样品和种植30和40cm(分别为490.47和640.69mg/100g)的果皮中的β-胡萝卜素浓度最高。在30厘米处种植并在第12周后收获的Umuspo 3中,黄酮类化合物含量显著(310.62mg/100g),而在30厘米和40厘米处种植的Ex-Igbariam中,总多酚含量显著(≈42.12mg/100g),并在第16周后收获。计算前维生素A类胡萝卜素,Umuspo 3前维生素A的类胡萝卜素显著更高(p<0.05),在40厘米种植距离的样品中存在最高浓度(742.26 RE/100g)。结果表明,种植空间和收获期对OFSP品种的类胡萝卜素和植物化学物质浓度有显著影响。建议种植距离为30和40厘米,以提高两个红薯品种的类胡萝卜素含量。
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引用次数: 5
Effects of Photoperiods on the Growth Performance of Juvenile Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822) 光周期对毛仓鼠幼鱼生长性能的影响(Hamilton, 1822)
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.65.16
M. Awasthi, Pragya Gupta, F. Bano, M. Serajuddin
Juvenile of Trichogaster lalius was reared under three photoperiod conditions (0L:24D, 12L:12D, 16L:08D) for 60 days to examine the growth performance under laboratory conditions. The maximum growth was observed in the juvenile of T. lalius exposed to 16:00 hrs. light. The mean body weight of different groups of juvenile fish exposed to different light conditions were significantly different (p<0.05) from each other which was observed from 20thday of the experiment. The absolute, specific, and relative growth rates were found to be maximum in the group exposed to 16:00 hrs. light duration. The present study indicated that 16:00 hrs. light duration was considered to be better for the growth of juvenile of T. lalius under controlled condition.
在3种光周期条件下(0L:24D、12L:12D、16L:08D)饲养60 d,在实验室条件下考察毛蚶的生长性能。暴露时间为16:00时,黄颡鱼幼鱼的生长达到最大值。光。不同光照条件下各组幼鱼的平均体重差异显著(p<0.05),从试验第20天开始观察。绝对、特定和相对生长速率在16:00小时暴露组中最大。光时间。目前的研究表明,16时。在控制条件下,光照时间对黄颡鱼幼鱼的生长有利。
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of Industrial Pollution on the Stem Anatomical Characteristics of Woody Plant Undergrowth in the City of Dnipro, Ukraine 工业污染对乌克兰第聂伯罗市木本植物茎解剖特征的影响
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.65.1
T. Iusypiva, G. Miasoid
The paper examines the influence of industrial emissions of sulphur (IV) and nitrogen (IV) oxides on the percentage of stem anatomical characteristics of the autochthonous woody plant species undergrowth of Acer platanoides L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. in the southern industrial zone of the city of Dnipro (Ukraine). It is ascertained, that the ratio of the primary cortex share to the central cylinder share does not change in the stems of annual shoots of the both studied woody plant species when they are exposed to the influence of the toxic gases. However, there are significant changes in the ratio of shares of histological elements in the undergrowth stems of F. excelsior. The use of both absolute and relevant values of anatomic parameters of the plant vegetative organs is needed to analyse the woody plants resistance to technogenic pollution of the environment.
本文研究了工业排放的硫(IV)和氮(IV)氧化物对乌克兰第聂伯罗市南部工业区的本地木本植物——platanoides L.和Fraxinus excelsior L.的树干解剖特征百分比的影响。已经确定,当两种研究的木本植物物种暴露在有毒气体的影响下时,其年梢茎中初级皮层份额与中央圆柱体份额的比例没有变化。然而,在毛细辛的林下茎中,组织学元素的比例发生了显著变化。需要利用植物营养器官解剖参数的绝对值和相关值来分析木本植物对环境技术污染的抗性。
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引用次数: 2
Antimicrobial Activity of some Lactobacillus Species against Intestinal Pathogenic Bacteria 几种乳杆菌对肠道病原菌的抑菌活性研究
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.65.10
H. Tebyanian, A. Bakhtiari, A. Karami, A. Kariminik
Probiotics have antibacterial effects against pathogenic bacteria in the gut while maintaining the balance of intestinal flora such as Lactobacillus. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four Lactobacillus species against intestinal pathogenic. Four different species of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus bulgaricus (PTCC 1332), Lactobacillus casei (PTCC 1608), Lactobacillus plantarum (PTCC 1058) and Lactobacillus Fermentum (PTCC 1638)) were experimented to investigate the inhibitory activity against 4 bacterial enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella paratyphi A) which were separately inoculated in MRS medium (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium) for 48 hours at 37 °C and pH 7. Our results showed that enteropathogens growth was stopped in the presence of all Lactobacillus and inhibition zone was between 12 and 32 millimeter. It can be concluded that these four Lactobacillus strains had potential antimicrobial compounds against human enteric pathogens and should be further studied for their human health benefits.
益生菌对肠道内的致病菌有抗菌作用,同时维持肠道菌群的平衡,如乳酸杆菌。本研究旨在评价4种乳杆菌对肠道病原菌的抑菌活性。以保加利亚乳杆菌(PTCC 1332)、干酪乳杆菌(PTCC 1608)、植物乳杆菌(PTCC 1058)和发酵乳杆菌(PTCC 1638) 4种不同种类的乳酸菌分别接种于MRS培养基(de Man、Rogosa和Sharpe培养基),在37℃、pH 7条件下培养48 h,研究其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾志贺氏菌和副伤寒沙门氏菌A 4种肠道致病菌的抑制活性。结果表明,在所有乳酸菌存在的情况下,肠道病原菌的生长被阻止,抑制区在12 ~ 32毫米之间。由此可见,这4株乳酸菌对人类肠道病原菌具有潜在的抗菌化合物,值得进一步研究其对人类健康的益处。
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引用次数: 10
Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Rice Straw Extract 稻草提取物中的酚类化合物及其抗氧化活性
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.64.1
A. Elzaawely, H. Maswada, M. El-sayed, M. Ahmed
Agricultural wastes cause a serious environmental problem in Egypt. Utilization of these wastes by an environmentally friendly way is a very important issue. The objective of this study was to utilize rice straw into high-value products. Antioxidant activity, total soluble phenols, and flavonoids were evaluated in ethyl acetate extract prepared from rice straw after alkaline hydrolysis. Total phenols were found to be 221.6 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE), while total flavonoids were 4.9 mg rutin equivalents (RE). The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and its IC50 value was 0.4 mg/ml. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extract possessed high antioxidant activity assayed by β-carotene bleaching method and its value of lipid peroxidation inhibition (LPI) was 75.4%. It also exhibited high reducing power and its IC50 value was equal to 0.06 mg/ml. HPLC analysis indicated that this extract contained seven phenolic acids including; protocatechuic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, ferulic, rosmarinic and cinnamic, in addition to two flavonoids; qurecetin and kaempferol. Results indicated that ferulic and p-coumaric acids were the major soluble phenolic acids in rice straw, and their concentrations were 3.9 and 2.9 mg/g DW. It can be summarized that the strong antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract, prepared from rice straw, was highly correlated with its high level of phenolic compounds.
农业废弃物在埃及造成了严重的环境问题。以环保的方式利用这些废物是一个非常重要的问题。本研究的目的是利用稻草生产高价值的产品。以稻草为原料,经碱水解制备乙酸乙酯提取物,对其抗氧化活性、总可溶性酚类和黄酮类化合物进行了评价。总酚为221.6 mg没食子酸当量(GAE),而总黄酮为4.9 mg芦丁当量(RE)。用1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除法测定该提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性,其IC50值为0.4mg/ml。此外,用β-胡萝卜素漂白法测定乙酸乙酯提取物具有较高的抗氧化活性,其脂质过氧化抑制值(LPI)为75.4%,并且具有较高的还原力,其IC50值等于0.06mg/ml。HPLC分析表明该提取物含有七种酚酸,包括:;原儿茶酸、咖啡酸、丁香酸、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、迷迭香酸和肉桂酸,以及两种黄酮类化合物;屈瑞汀和山奈酚。结果表明,阿魏酸和对香豆酸是稻草中主要的可溶性酚酸,它们的浓度分别为3.9和2.9mg/gDW。由此可见,以稻草为原料制备的乙酸乙酯提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性,其酚类化合物含量较高。
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引用次数: 18
Physiochemical Properties of Cocoyam Starch Extracted in Two Media 两种培养基提取茯苓淀粉的理化性质
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILNS.64.32
C. Ishiwu, I. Onoh, Peace Ogechi Nwanya, A. Agulanna
Starch was extracted (isolated) from cocoyam with the aid of water solution of oxalic acid and ammonium oxalate in 8 samples of ratios, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, 2:3, 2:1, 1:2 and 0:0 respectively. The physiochemical properties were investigated in order to unveil its characteristics and unravel the potentials for industrial applications of the cocoyam starch. The physiochemical properties investigated includes; Amylose and Amylopectin contents, water binding capacity, particle size distribution, swelling power and solubility. The results obtained showed that swelling power and solubility of the starch were temperature dependent. The solubility was found to increase with temperature increase as the cocoyam starch showed highest solubility within the 70-90°C temperature range. The swelling power was found fluctuating between the temperatures of 25-90°C. The swelling power starch sample isolated with blending ratios of 2:1 and 1:2 were temperature dependent. The Amylose content ranges from 3.06 to 31.21%.
以草酸水溶液和草酸铵水溶液为助溶剂,分别以1:3、1:1、3:1、2:3、2:1、1:2和0:0的比例提取(分离)椰子淀粉。对椰油淀粉的理化性质进行了研究,以揭示其特性,揭示椰油淀粉在工业上的应用潜力。所研究的理化性质包括:;直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量、水结合能力、粒度分布、溶胀力和溶解度。结果表明,淀粉的溶胀力和溶解度与温度有关。发现溶解度随着温度的升高而增加,因为椰子淀粉在70-90°C的温度范围内表现出最高的溶解度。发现溶胀力在25-90°C的温度之间波动。以2:1和1:2的共混比分离的溶胀力淀粉样品是温度依赖性的。直链淀粉含量在3.06%到31.21%之间。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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