Pub Date : 2019-12-06DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556099
N. Tsuji
As the water issue relates the carbon issue in peatland, carbon and water interrelation has been studying for long term (more than 10 years) in peatland of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Soil Moisture Content (SMC) and Ground Water Level (GWL) in long term have been monitoring by auto-monitoring system called SESAME, developed by our team, and Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) has been measured by Eddy Covariance on the tower. By these long-term monitoring, it is found that
{"title":"Carbon and Water Interaction Model in Tropical Peatland","authors":"N. Tsuji","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556099","url":null,"abstract":"As the water issue relates the carbon issue in peatland, carbon and water interrelation has been studying for long term (more than 10 years) in peatland of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Soil Moisture Content (SMC) and Ground Water Level (GWL) in long term have been monitoring by auto-monitoring system called SESAME, developed by our team, and Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) has been measured by Eddy Covariance on the tower. By these long-term monitoring, it is found that","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"01-08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77525747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-02DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556096
G. Yilma
Wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems that play a significant role in providing multiple ecosystem services. However, this resource has got less attention in national and regional planning. Hence, the objective of this study was to figure out the socioeconomic contribution of Lake Hawassa for the local and national economy and call for the concerned body (like; policymaker and planner) take possible action will be measured the lake from further degradation. A total of 164 households’ questionnaires collected from five kebeles, and thus households were selected randomly from each kebele. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and linear regressions model. The result showed that the majority of households’ livelihood income strategies were from irrigation (54.8%), rain-fed (33.8%), livestock (6.5%), fishing (3.5), off-farm seasonal work (1.2) & others (0.2). The average annual total household income was 53,716.39 ETB. Out of this, lake income constituted 59.7% of the total income. The local households’ income contribution of Lake Hawassa within selected kebeles was statistically significantly different by livestock watering, pasture for grazing animals and water for washing body or close. Other are did not reveal significant differences among the five kebeles for all the parameters analyzed. Overall result confirmed that the Lake contributed significantly to the household economy of the local people and hence, it is important to protect and improve the management of the lake and its wetlands for livelihood enhancement, while also securing their long-term ecological functions..
{"title":"Socio-Economic Contribution of Rift Value Aquatic and Wetlands to the Local Community and the National Economy: The Case of Lake Hawassa and Associated Wetlands, in the Southern Part of Ethiopia","authors":"G. Yilma","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556096","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems that play a significant role in providing multiple ecosystem services. However, this resource has got less attention in national and regional planning. Hence, the objective of this study was to figure out the socioeconomic contribution of Lake Hawassa for the local and national economy and call for the concerned body (like; policymaker and planner) take possible action will be measured the lake from further degradation. A total of 164 households’ questionnaires collected from five kebeles, and thus households were selected randomly from each kebele. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and linear regressions model. The result showed that the majority of households’ livelihood income strategies were from irrigation (54.8%), rain-fed (33.8%), livestock (6.5%), fishing (3.5), off-farm seasonal work (1.2) & others (0.2). The average annual total household income was 53,716.39 ETB. Out of this, lake income constituted 59.7% of the total income. The local households’ income contribution of Lake Hawassa within selected kebeles was statistically significantly different by livestock watering, pasture for grazing animals and water for washing body or close. Other are did not reveal significant differences among the five kebeles for all the parameters analyzed. Overall result confirmed that the Lake contributed significantly to the household economy of the local people and hence, it is important to protect and improve the management of the lake and its wetlands for livelihood enhancement, while also securing their long-term ecological functions..","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79620385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-02DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556097
J. Diatta
{"title":"Evaluation of Phyto-ashes for Agri-environmental Goals - A Novel Approach","authors":"J. Diatta","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75414173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556094
Shumin Liang
By employing the method of GIS spatial analysis, this paper plans and designs nine inter-basin water diversion projects and a Euro-Asia Canal system for the Eurasian Grasslands. The technical feasibility is analyzed for the key engineering projects. Technical and economic evaluations are calculated for nine water diversion projects. The multiple indirect benefits of these water diversion project and the canal system are elaborated. Main conclusions are that the water diversion and canal system projects are feasible; the economic benefits of the project are obvious; they can greatly promote economic development of countries along the ancient Silk Road.
{"title":"Inter-Basin Water Diversion Projects and Inland Waterways: The Case of the Eurasian Grasslands","authors":"Shumin Liang","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556094","url":null,"abstract":"By employing the method of GIS spatial analysis, this paper plans and designs nine inter-basin water diversion projects and a Euro-Asia Canal system for the Eurasian Grasslands. The technical feasibility is analyzed for the key engineering projects. Technical and economic evaluations are calculated for nine water diversion projects. The multiple indirect benefits of these water diversion project and the canal system are elaborated. Main conclusions are that the water diversion and canal system projects are feasible; the economic benefits of the project are obvious; they can greatly promote economic development of countries along the ancient Silk Road.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78417503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556092
A. Elmahdi
{"title":"Road Maps for Water Accounting Designing and Institutionalizing for Sustainable Water Management in MENA Region","authors":"A. Elmahdi","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77555896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-15DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556091
A. Mamo
A cross-sectional study was done from November 2018 to April 2019 in Debre Birhan town, North Shoa zone, central Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to assess the welfare problem and other management constraints of working equine in the study area. A total of 120 working equine were observed for the presence of lesions, lameness, age and body condition score direct from the animal and 130 equine owners were interviewed to get information about feed type, workload and time and type of work. Most equine owners, 74.6%, were fed mixtures of concentrate, cereal, straw and hay. Proportion of working time in a week 43.8% & 35.4% were grouped 3-4 days and 5-7 days respectively and 65.4% work 6-10 hours per day. The body condition score of working equines in the present study area were poor, moderate and good with a percentage of 34.2%, 48% & 25.8%, respectively. The owners practice vaccination (12.3%), deworming (5.4%) & (43.1%) both for prevention and control of equine diseases however 30% of respondents did not practice disease prevention measures. Among the observed equine 54.2%, 25%, and 20.8% were used for pack, draught and ridding respectively. Proportion of working type between donkey (69%), horse (26.3%), and mule (4.6%) were used to pack and donkey and horse used for draught type of work with proportion of 13.3% and 86.7% respectively. On the other hand, according to obtained data horse (28%) and mule (72%) were used to riding type of work whereas donkey was not used to riding purpose in this study area. The common body lesion prevalent in the present study area 17.5%, 15%, 11.5%, and 34.2% at tail base, lip, back sore and lacrimation respectively and 12.5% of equine were lameness (66.7%), 86%, and 83%, Tail base lesions, of back sore, ribs/flank were more associated to work type of pack animal respectively. Draught type of work is likely to induce lip and mouth lesion (50%), and lameness (73.3%). In this study equine had an important value and act as multipurpose animal in the rural and urban society. However, management constraints like feed shortage, lameness, wound, over time working and overloading were found the main challenges hindering the health and welfare of equines. Therefore, further studies and necessary measures should be considered on the diseases and welfare constraints hindering efficient use of equine in the area of paramount importance.
{"title":"Assessment on The Welfare Problem and Other Management Constraints of Equines in Debre Birhan Town, Central Ethiopia","authors":"A. Mamo","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2019.22.556091","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was done from November 2018 to April 2019 in Debre Birhan town, North Shoa zone, central Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to assess the welfare problem and other management constraints of working equine in the study area. A total of 120 working equine were observed for the presence of lesions, lameness, age and body condition score direct from the animal and 130 equine owners were interviewed to get information about feed type, workload and time and type of work. Most equine owners, 74.6%, were fed mixtures of concentrate, cereal, straw and hay. Proportion of working time in a week 43.8% & 35.4% were grouped 3-4 days and 5-7 days respectively and 65.4% work 6-10 hours per day. The body condition score of working equines in the present study area were poor, moderate and good with a percentage of 34.2%, 48% & 25.8%, respectively. The owners practice vaccination (12.3%), deworming (5.4%) & (43.1%) both for prevention and control of equine diseases however 30% of respondents did not practice disease prevention measures. Among the observed equine 54.2%, 25%, and 20.8% were used for pack, draught and ridding respectively. Proportion of working type between donkey (69%), horse (26.3%), and mule (4.6%) were used to pack and donkey and horse used for draught type of work with proportion of 13.3% and 86.7% respectively. On the other hand, according to obtained data horse (28%) and mule (72%) were used to riding type of work whereas donkey was not used to riding purpose in this study area. The common body lesion prevalent in the present study area 17.5%, 15%, 11.5%, and 34.2% at tail base, lip, back sore and lacrimation respectively and 12.5% of equine were lameness (66.7%), 86%, and 83%, Tail base lesions, of back sore, ribs/flank were more associated to work type of pack animal respectively. Draught type of work is likely to induce lip and mouth lesion (50%), and lameness (73.3%). In this study equine had an important value and act as multipurpose animal in the rural and urban society. However, management constraints like feed shortage, lameness, wound, over time working and overloading were found the main challenges hindering the health and welfare of equines. Therefore, further studies and necessary measures should be considered on the diseases and welfare constraints hindering efficient use of equine in the area of paramount importance.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88673676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The functional response of the assassin bug, Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose and Livingstone to Odontotermes brunneus (Hagen) was investigated. Different levels of termite densities - 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 were used. Each density was placed in a test cage (14 x 22 x 10cm) and then exposed to 24hr starved fourth and fifth nymphal instars and adult males and females of R. kumarii under laboratory conditions (28-34°C temperature; 12 ± 1hr. photoperiod; 65-70 relative humidity). All the experimental life stages of R. kumarii responded to the increasing prey density of O. brunneus by killing a greater number of preys than at lower prey densities. Thus, the predators exhibited the type II curvilinear functional response. The maximum predation (K) was restricted to high prey density (24.889, 24.722, 22.889 and 24.194 for IV, V nymph and adult male and female respectively). The searching capacity of R. kumarii increased with increasing termite density and this reflected its predatory potential.
{"title":"Functional Response of an Assassin Bug Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose and Livingstone (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae) to Odontotermes Brunneus (Hagen) (Insecta: Isoptera: Termitidae)","authors":"A. G. Kumar, M. Ramar, K. Murugan","doi":"10.12816/CAT.2019.47459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/CAT.2019.47459","url":null,"abstract":"The functional response of the assassin bug, Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose and Livingstone to Odontotermes brunneus (Hagen) was investigated. Different levels of termite densities - 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 were used. Each density was placed in a test cage (14 x 22 x 10cm) and then exposed to 24hr starved fourth and fifth nymphal instars and adult males and females of R. kumarii under laboratory conditions (28-34°C temperature; 12 ± 1hr. photoperiod; 65-70 relative humidity). All the experimental life stages of R. kumarii responded to the increasing prey density of O. brunneus by killing a greater number of preys than at lower prey densities. Thus, the predators exhibited the type II curvilinear functional response. The maximum predation (K) was restricted to high prey density (24.889, 24.722, 22.889 and 24.194 for IV, V nymph and adult male and female respectively). The searching capacity of R. kumarii increased with increasing termite density and this reflected its predatory potential.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"362 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82639678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-11DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2018.10.555804
Glendy Jezabel Leon Garcia, Diana Meza Figueroa, J. L. V. García, M. A. Romero, A. Atondo, K. Soto, A. Álvarez
{"title":"Study of Heavy Metal Pollution in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions Due to Mining Activity: Sonora and Bacanuchi Rivers","authors":"Glendy Jezabel Leon Garcia, Diana Meza Figueroa, J. L. V. García, M. A. Romero, A. Atondo, K. Soto, A. Álvarez","doi":"10.19080/IJESNR.2018.10.555804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJESNR.2018.10.555804","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86389056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-21DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2017.07.555719
J. Hernández
The objective of the present research is to analyze the role of the institutions in the biodiesel industry, in order to know if there is a relationship with the quality and maturity of the same with the ventures. Starting from a literary review, the framework of the current situation is identified, covering aspects related to formal institutions, laws, rules, regulatory bodies and the theory that supports the relationship between institutions and entrepreneurship. Concluding that the institutions in Mexico have increased their maturity and incentive to increase the number of producers and distributors of biodiesel thus taking advantage of the growing market.
{"title":"Overview of the Entrepreneurship of Biodiesel Companies in Mexico, Perspective Based on the Institutions","authors":"J. Hernández","doi":"10.19080/IJESNR.2017.07.555719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJESNR.2017.07.555719","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present research is to analyze the role of the institutions in the biodiesel industry, in order to know if there is a relationship with the quality and maturity of the same with the ventures. Starting from a literary review, the framework of the current situation is identified, covering aspects related to formal institutions, laws, rules, regulatory bodies and the theory that supports the relationship between institutions and entrepreneurship. Concluding that the institutions in Mexico have increased their maturity and incentive to increase the number of producers and distributors of biodiesel thus taking advantage of the growing market.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74591136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-21DOI: 10.19080/ijesnr.2017.07.555724
H. Pathak
Rivers are amongst the most important ecosystems for biotic and abiotic components, it is a essential services for mankind, fighting from various anthropogenic activities on Earth. Major source of water in Bundelkhand region’s rivers fed by monsoon rain. In Bundelkhand Rivers are threatened by various problems, including deforestation, urbanization, overexploitation of resources, over industrialization and consequently reception of an increasing variety of chemical pollutants and biodiversity depletion [1]. Scarcities of water escalate in this region, creating serious problems for local people and the environment.
{"title":"Rivers Conservation Challenges and Opportunities: A Case Study of BundelKhand, Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"H. Pathak","doi":"10.19080/ijesnr.2017.07.555724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijesnr.2017.07.555724","url":null,"abstract":"Rivers are amongst the most important ecosystems for biotic and abiotic components, it is a essential services for mankind, fighting from various anthropogenic activities on Earth. Major source of water in Bundelkhand region’s rivers fed by monsoon rain. In Bundelkhand Rivers are threatened by various problems, including deforestation, urbanization, overexploitation of resources, over industrialization and consequently reception of an increasing variety of chemical pollutants and biodiversity depletion [1]. Scarcities of water escalate in this region, creating serious problems for local people and the environment.","PeriodicalId":14445,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Environmental Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75994593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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