Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.001
Sankalp Yadav
Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) presents a significant challenge in the management of tuberculosis patients, with far-reaching implications for global health. This editorial explores the multifaceted nature of PTLD, encompassing its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic complexities, and implications for public health. PTLD arises from pulmonary damage due to an active tuberculosis infection, leading to inflammation, scarring, and fibrosis within the lungs. Clinical manifestations vary widely, ranging from chronic respiratory symptoms to severe respiratory failure, often resembling chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or restrictive lung disease. The diagnosis of PTLD is hindered by its heterogeneous presentation and overlap with other respiratory conditions, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation through pulmonary function tests and radiological imaging. PTLD imposes a substantial burden on global health systems, particularly in regions with high tuberculosis prevalence, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Management strategies focus on alleviating symptoms, preserving lung function, and preventing disease progression through pharmacological interventions, pulmonary rehabilitation, and, in select cases, surgical interventions. Preventive measures include effective tuberculosis control measures, vaccination against respiratory pathogens, and addressing social determinants of health. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of PTLD is essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing disease burden, highlighting the importance of concerted efforts to raise awareness, enhance diagnostic capabilities, and develop effective management strategies for this complex condition.
{"title":"Understanding the complexities of post-tuberculosis lung disease: Implications for global health","authors":"Sankalp Yadav","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.001","url":null,"abstract":"Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) presents a significant challenge in the management of tuberculosis patients, with far-reaching implications for global health. This editorial explores the multifaceted nature of PTLD, encompassing its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic complexities, and implications for public health. PTLD arises from pulmonary damage due to an active tuberculosis infection, leading to inflammation, scarring, and fibrosis within the lungs. Clinical manifestations vary widely, ranging from chronic respiratory symptoms to severe respiratory failure, often resembling chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or restrictive lung disease. The diagnosis of PTLD is hindered by its heterogeneous presentation and overlap with other respiratory conditions, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation through pulmonary function tests and radiological imaging. PTLD imposes a substantial burden on global health systems, particularly in regions with high tuberculosis prevalence, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Management strategies focus on alleviating symptoms, preserving lung function, and preventing disease progression through pharmacological interventions, pulmonary rehabilitation, and, in select cases, surgical interventions. Preventive measures include effective tuberculosis control measures, vaccination against respiratory pathogens, and addressing social determinants of health. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of PTLD is essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing disease burden, highlighting the importance of concerted efforts to raise awareness, enhance diagnostic capabilities, and develop effective management strategies for this complex condition.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.007
Mohammed Aamir Zuhaib S, Niroja Umashankar
The H1N1 or swine flu outbreak in 2009 was a major pandemic. It is a subtype of influenza A virus that affects humans and has two surface antigens, which led to it being called the novel H1N1 flu. Some patients with swine flu may develop lower respiratory tract infections, which can result in respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this case report, a patient with H1N1 pneumonia developed massive spontaneous pneumothorax during the recovery phase and concludes that, high pressure mechanical ventilation during the management of H1N1 pneumonia and persistent cough could be the reason for spontaneous development of pneumothorax. However, spontaneous development of pneumothorax in patients with swine flu pneumonia is rarely reported. We present an uncommon case of H1N1 pneumonia-induced pneumothorax that occurred during the recovery phase of the patient. This case report highlights the need for clinicians and healthcare teams to be aware of this potential complication during the post-recovery phase of the patient.
{"title":"A massive primary spontaneous pneumothorax during the recovery phase of H1N1 pneumonia – An issue of concern","authors":"Mohammed Aamir Zuhaib S, Niroja Umashankar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.007","url":null,"abstract":"The H1N1 or swine flu outbreak in 2009 was a major pandemic. It is a subtype of influenza A virus that affects humans and has two surface antigens, which led to it being called the novel H1N1 flu. Some patients with swine flu may develop lower respiratory tract infections, which can result in respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this case report, a patient with H1N1 pneumonia developed massive spontaneous pneumothorax during the recovery phase and concludes that, high pressure mechanical ventilation during the management of H1N1 pneumonia and persistent cough could be the reason for spontaneous development of pneumothorax. However, spontaneous development of pneumothorax in patients with swine flu pneumonia is rarely reported. We present an uncommon case of H1N1 pneumonia-induced pneumothorax that occurred during the recovery phase of the patient. This case report highlights the need for clinicians and healthcare teams to be aware of this potential complication during the post-recovery phase of the patient.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"268 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140704195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare disease which is characterised by the presence of osseous and/or cartilaginous submucosal nodules projecting into the anterior and lateral walls of the airways. We present the case of a 56-year-old male presenting with chronic cough, dyspnoea and haemoptysis. An initial diagnosis of tuberculosis was kept in mind considering the endemicity of the disease. A fibre optic bronchoscopy, however helped in clinching the diagnosis. As there are no guidelines for the treatment, conservative treatment with inhaled steroids,bronchodilators, antibiotics, and avoidance of the airwayirritants, is sufficient for the patient. On follow up after 2 months patient is doing fine with symptomatic improvement.
{"title":"Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: Case report of a rare cause for a common symptom","authors":"Supriya Adiody, Krishnanand Krishnakumar, Sruthi Raghunath, Aravind Thayyil Raman","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare disease which is characterised by the presence of osseous and/or cartilaginous submucosal nodules projecting into the anterior and lateral walls of the airways. We present the case of a 56-year-old male presenting with chronic cough, dyspnoea and haemoptysis. An initial diagnosis of tuberculosis was kept in mind considering the endemicity of the disease. A fibre optic bronchoscopy, however helped in clinching the diagnosis. As there are no guidelines for the treatment, conservative treatment with inhaled steroids,bronchodilators, antibiotics, and avoidance of the airwayirritants, is sufficient for the patient. On follow up after 2 months patient is doing fine with symptomatic improvement.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"16 s3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.003
M. S, CV Srinivas, Shrinivas Chavan, Ramesh S, Nitin Chandrashekhar Adgaonkar, Krishna Kumar M
There is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination (FDC) of ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg in allergic rhinitis (AR), especially in Indian settings. So, this study aimed to fill the existing research gap by evaluating the efficacy and safety of the FDC ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg in Indian patients with moderate/severe persistent AR.An open-label, non-randomized, single-group, multicentric, phase 4 clinical study included adult patients visiting the outpatient departments of 4 sites across India. All the selected subjects received the FDC once daily in the evening for 5 days. Safety and efficacy of the FDC were evaluated by comparing the Individual Symptoms Score (ISS), Total symptom Score (TSS), and analysing adverse event profiles reported by patients, assessed by the investigator, from baseline to 6 days. The study also assessed the impact of this condition on patients' quality of life using the rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLS). The study included 145 participants with a mean age of 37.17 ± 12.65 years and male-to-female ratio of 1:1.26. Comparison of baseline symptoms with day 6 revealed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in Individual Symptoms Score (ISS). The mean difference in Total Symptom Score (TSS) from baseline to day 6 also showed a substantial improvement of 3.52 ± 1.54 (95% CI: 3.27-3.78; P <0.001). Rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLS) also demonstrated statistically significant improvement from day 1 to day 6 (t = 24.44, P <0.001). Adverse events were effectively managed with the use of readily available over-the-counter medications like antipyretics, analgesics, and/or antacid.The study validated the efficacy and safety of the FDC ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg, in managing AR with good safety profile. The findings underscore the importance of this combination as a viable therapeutic option, with significant improvements in symptom scores and quality of life observed within a short duration.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg fixed-dose combination in Indian patients with allergic rhinitis: A phase 4 multicentre study","authors":"M. S, CV Srinivas, Shrinivas Chavan, Ramesh S, Nitin Chandrashekhar Adgaonkar, Krishna Kumar M","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"There is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination (FDC) of ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg in allergic rhinitis (AR), especially in Indian settings. So, this study aimed to fill the existing research gap by evaluating the efficacy and safety of the FDC ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg in Indian patients with moderate/severe persistent AR.An open-label, non-randomized, single-group, multicentric, phase 4 clinical study included adult patients visiting the outpatient departments of 4 sites across India. All the selected subjects received the FDC once daily in the evening for 5 days. Safety and efficacy of the FDC were evaluated by comparing the Individual Symptoms Score (ISS), Total symptom Score (TSS), and analysing adverse event profiles reported by patients, assessed by the investigator, from baseline to 6 days. The study also assessed the impact of this condition on patients' quality of life using the rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLS). The study included 145 participants with a mean age of 37.17 ± 12.65 years and male-to-female ratio of 1:1.26. Comparison of baseline symptoms with day 6 revealed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in Individual Symptoms Score (ISS). The mean difference in Total Symptom Score (TSS) from baseline to day 6 also showed a substantial improvement of 3.52 ± 1.54 (95% CI: 3.27-3.78; P <0.001). Rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLS) also demonstrated statistically significant improvement from day 1 to day 6 (t = 24.44, P <0.001). Adverse events were effectively managed with the use of readily available over-the-counter medications like antipyretics, analgesics, and/or antacid.The study validated the efficacy and safety of the FDC ebastine 10 mg and phenylephrine 10 mg, in managing AR with good safety profile. The findings underscore the importance of this combination as a viable therapeutic option, with significant improvements in symptom scores and quality of life observed within a short duration.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erasmus syndrome is a rare clinical entity in which systemic sclerosis develops following exposure to silica with or without development of silicosis. There are very few cases reported in literature from India. Here we report a case of Erasmus syndrome in a 52 years male who is a stone crusher by occupation for last 22 years presented with dry cough, low grade irregular fever, progressive shortness of breath, slowly progressive sclerodactyly and features suggestive of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Radiological evaluations revealed multiple subpleural and centrilobular nodules in bilateral upper, lower lobes and right middle lobe, conglomerated nodular opacities (progressive massive fibrosis- PMF). There was pleural thickening and calcification, bronchial dilatation and fibrosis, calcified right hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Serological markers like Anti Scl-70 antibody came out to be positive (3+) Based on clinical features diagnosis of systemic sclerosis was made. Based on exposure history and radiology silicosis was diagnosed. Association of silicosis and systemic sclerosis establishes the diagnosis of Erasmus syndrome. Treatment was started with Prednisone, cyclophosphamide and Nifedipine. Strict avoidance to cold and regular follow-up was advised.
{"title":"Erasmus syndrome: A rare case report","authors":"Chandan Kumar Sheet, S. Pothal, Rekha Manjhi, Pravati Dutta, Subhankar Chatterjee","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.008","url":null,"abstract":"Erasmus syndrome is a rare clinical entity in which systemic sclerosis develops following exposure to silica with or without development of silicosis. There are very few cases reported in literature from India. Here we report a case of Erasmus syndrome in a 52 years male who is a stone crusher by occupation for last 22 years presented with dry cough, low grade irregular fever, progressive shortness of breath, slowly progressive sclerodactyly and features suggestive of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Radiological evaluations revealed multiple subpleural and centrilobular nodules in bilateral upper, lower lobes and right middle lobe, conglomerated nodular opacities (progressive massive fibrosis- PMF). There was pleural thickening and calcification, bronchial dilatation and fibrosis, calcified right hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Serological markers like Anti Scl-70 antibody came out to be positive (3+) Based on clinical features diagnosis of systemic sclerosis was made. Based on exposure history and radiology silicosis was diagnosed. Association of silicosis and systemic sclerosis establishes the diagnosis of Erasmus syndrome. Treatment was started with Prednisone, cyclophosphamide and Nifedipine. Strict avoidance to cold and regular follow-up was advised.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"305 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.005
Samuel Worku
Several studies have suggested varying degrees of vulnerability to the detrimental effects of tobacco smoking between females and males. However, conflicting findings on sex-specific differences in the negative impact of tobacco smoking have emerged. This study conducts a comprehensive review of the available evidence to assess the adverse effects of smoking with respect to gender. From an initial pool of 99 primary studies conducted before 2010, 26 studies were selected for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Among these, 15 were cohort studies, 4 were cross-sectional studies, 4 were case-control studies, and 2 were systematic reviews. Fixed-effect models and meta-regression were employed to derive pooled risk ratios (RR), and P-value functions were utilized to assess the consistency of the results. The pooled risk ratio for men who were current smokers, concerning all-cause mortality, was 0.954 (95% CI 0.866-1.05). For women who were current smokers, the pooled risk ratio for cardiovascular disorders was 1.2 (95% CI 1.18-1.22). Notably, female current smokers exhibited a significantly more rapid annual decline in FEV% predicted with increasing age compared to their male counterparts (as indicated by linear regression analysis: R2 = 0.56; p = 0.008). However, the relative risk for bone-related disorders was found to be higher in male current smokers than in their female counterparts. The findings of this study underscore that both males and females face an elevated risk of experiencing the adverse effects of smoking. Nonetheless, the magnitude of these effects differs based on gender. Further research is warranted to validate the outcomes of this study.
一些研究表明，女性和男性在不同程度上容易受到吸烟的有害影响。然而，关于吸烟负面影响的性别差异却出现了相互矛盾的研究结果。本研究对现有证据进行了全面回顾，以评估吸烟对不同性别的不良影响。从 2010 年前进行的 99 项主要研究中，初步筛选出 26 项研究纳入本次荟萃分析。其中，15 项为队列研究，4 项为横断面研究，4 项为病例对照研究，2 项为系统综述。采用固定效应模型和元回归方法得出集合风险比（RR），并利用 P 值函数评估结果的一致性。当前吸烟男性全因死亡率的集合风险比为0.954（95% CI 0.866-1.05）。对于女性吸烟者来说，心血管疾病的集合风险比为 1.2（95% CI 1.18-1.22）。值得注意的是，与男性吸烟者相比，女性吸烟者的 FEV% 预测值随着年龄的增长每年下降的速度明显更快（线性回归分析显示：R2 = 0.56；P = 0.008）。然而，研究发现，男性吸烟者患骨骼相关疾病的相对风险高于女性吸烟者。这项研究的结果表明，男性和女性遭受吸烟不良影响的风险都很高。然而，这些影响的程度因性别而异。为了验证这项研究的结果，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Tobacco smoke adverse effects comparison based on gender: Meta-analysis","authors":"Samuel Worku","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2024.005","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have suggested varying degrees of vulnerability to the detrimental effects of tobacco smoking between females and males. However, conflicting findings on sex-specific differences in the negative impact of tobacco smoking have emerged. This study conducts a comprehensive review of the available evidence to assess the adverse effects of smoking with respect to gender. From an initial pool of 99 primary studies conducted before 2010, 26 studies were selected for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Among these, 15 were cohort studies, 4 were cross-sectional studies, 4 were case-control studies, and 2 were systematic reviews. Fixed-effect models and meta-regression were employed to derive pooled risk ratios (RR), and P-value functions were utilized to assess the consistency of the results. The pooled risk ratio for men who were current smokers, concerning all-cause mortality, was 0.954 (95% CI 0.866-1.05). For women who were current smokers, the pooled risk ratio for cardiovascular disorders was 1.2 (95% CI 1.18-1.22). Notably, female current smokers exhibited a significantly more rapid annual decline in FEV% predicted with increasing age compared to their male counterparts (as indicated by linear regression analysis: R2 = 0.56; p = 0.008). However, the relative risk for bone-related disorders was found to be higher in male current smokers than in their female counterparts. The findings of this study underscore that both males and females face an elevated risk of experiencing the adverse effects of smoking. Nonetheless, the magnitude of these effects differs based on gender. Further research is warranted to validate the outcomes of this study.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.032
Jeevanandham Anandan, Zeenathalam Nadaf, Sneha Leo
Neuroendocrine tumors are neoplasms arising from cells of endocrine and nervous system containing special secretory granules with biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. One of the varieties that occurs commonly in the lung is large cell neuro endocrine carcinoma. The replicative potential of these neuroendocrine malignancies is so rapid that the patients usually present with metastatic disease. We describe a case of 29-year-old-male presented with nocturnal wheeze which led on to a misdiagnosis of bronchial asthma and finally found to be LCNEC with endobronchial obstruction. They are usually peripherally located lesions, mostly in the upper lung zones of an elderly male smoker. But he had a hilar mass with right lower lobe collapse due to endobronchial obstruction. Hence careful examination of wheeze whether unilateral or bilateral, monophonic or polyphonic, random or fixed, inspiratory or expiratory or biphasic may help in early identification of the endobronchial lesions.
{"title":"Misleading wheeze in a case of atypical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of lung - A deadly variety","authors":"Jeevanandham Anandan, Zeenathalam Nadaf, Sneha Leo","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroendocrine tumors are neoplasms arising from cells of endocrine and nervous system containing special secretory granules with biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. One of the varieties that occurs commonly in the lung is large cell neuro endocrine carcinoma. The replicative potential of these neuroendocrine malignancies is so rapid that the patients usually present with metastatic disease. We describe a case of 29-year-old-male presented with nocturnal wheeze which led on to a misdiagnosis of bronchial asthma and finally found to be LCNEC with endobronchial obstruction. They are usually peripherally located lesions, mostly in the upper lung zones of an elderly male smoker. But he had a hilar mass with right lower lobe collapse due to endobronchial obstruction. Hence careful examination of wheeze whether unilateral or bilateral, monophonic or polyphonic, random or fixed, inspiratory or expiratory or biphasic may help in early identification of the endobronchial lesions.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.031
Manish Yadav, S. Thorve, Siddharth Waghmare, Sonal Karpe, Monica Bansal, Jairaj P. Nair
A foreign body (FB) was detected in the right lower zone on the chest X-ray of a 24-year-old woman who presented to the OPD with a cough and sputum. With the help of virtual bronchoscopy, the FB was localized in the posterior segment of the right lower lobe. It was located with the help of a flexible bronchoscope and fluoroscopy and retrieved with the help of snare and endobronchial biopsy forceps. After ensuring clinical stability, the patient was discharged the next day. Bronchoscopic FB removal from segmental and subsegmental bronchi is difficult. Fluoroscopy permits the bronchoscopic retrieval of FB from these relatively inaccessible regions and of the lung and averts the need for thoracotomy.
一名 24 岁女性因咳嗽和咳痰到门诊部就诊，胸部 X 光片显示其右下叶有异物（FB）。在虚拟支气管镜的帮助下，异物被定位在右下叶后段。在柔性支气管镜和透视的帮助下找到了FB，并在套管和支气管内活检钳的帮助下取出了FB。在确保临床症状稳定后，患者于第二天出院。在支气管镜下从节段和亚节段支气管取出 FB 十分困难。荧光透视允许在支气管镜下从这些相对难以进入的区域和肺部取出 FB，从而避免了开胸手术。
{"title":"Fluoroscopy-guided metallic foreign body removal: A case report","authors":"Manish Yadav, S. Thorve, Siddharth Waghmare, Sonal Karpe, Monica Bansal, Jairaj P. Nair","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"A foreign body (FB) was detected in the right lower zone on the chest X-ray of a 24-year-old woman who presented to the OPD with a cough and sputum. With the help of virtual bronchoscopy, the FB was localized in the posterior segment of the right lower lobe. It was located with the help of a flexible bronchoscope and fluoroscopy and retrieved with the help of snare and endobronchial biopsy forceps. After ensuring clinical stability, the patient was discharged the next day. Bronchoscopic FB removal from segmental and subsegmental bronchi is difficult. Fluoroscopy permits the bronchoscopic retrieval of FB from these relatively inaccessible regions and of the lung and averts the need for thoracotomy.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.030
Bhagyashri Karande, Nayana Gosavi, Ajay Godse
Patients with chronic pulmonary disease commonly present with dyspnea, cough, fatigue, physical limitations, and low Quality-of-Life (QoL). With these morbidities and physical limitations, it may be difficult to perform their day-to-day activities. The London Chest Activity Daily Living (LCADL) scale assesses the self-reported dyspnea of patients with chronic respiratory disease during Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The study was designed to assess the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on the dyspnea grade (mMRC scale), the Quality-of-Life parameters viz LCADL scale, 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and lung functions (FEV1 & FVC).The study is a retrospective observational study conducted over a period of 1 year, at the Department of Pulmonology, Bhakti Vedanta Hospital & Research Institute. Patients with different pulmonary conditions such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD), Post-covid Lung Dysfunction, etc. were enrolled in the study. A total of 80 patients were referred to Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR). Out of which, 40 patients completed an 8-week program. The distribution of the study population was as follows: 18 patients with COPD, 13 patients with ILD, 9 patients with other pulmonary diseases. 15 patients required oxygen support where oxygen saturation (SpO2) was < 90% at baseline at room air. The outcome measures were assessed in these patients at the time of enrollment (Week 0) and at the end of the program (Week 8).Overall, the statistically significant difference noted in Quality-of-Life parameters like LCADL score, mMRC, 6MWT, and lung functions (FEV1, FVC) with an 8-week Pulmonary Rehabilitation program.The p-value (< 0.001) was found in London Chest Activity Daily Living (LCADL) score. Domestic, physical activity had better scores with respect to all parameters after completion of the 8-week Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) program. The dyspnea grade on the mMRC scale improved from 1.9 ± 0.591 to 0.45 ± 0.50. The p-value was statistically significant (p < 0.001). 6 MWT distance was improved from 169.5 meters to 324.5 meters at the completion of 8-weeks, the mean difference was 155 meters which was found to be statistically significant. The p-value (< 0.001) was found in 6MWT distance. In lung functions, FEV1 improved from 52.30 % to 56.73 % of predicted and FVC improved from 56.20 % to 58.20 % of predicted. The mean difference of FEV1 and FVC was 4.43 to 2.0, respectively. : An 8-week supervised pulmonary rehabilitation program has demonstrated that the inclusion of pulmonary rehabilitation, not only reduces the symptoms but also improves the exercise capacity and add significant positive effect on the quality of life as well as lung functions in patients with chronic respiratory disease.
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Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.025
Sankalp Yadav
{"title":"Beyond borders: Unleashing the potential of adult BCG vaccination for global public health","authors":"Sankalp Yadav","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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