Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.038
Swapnil Gautam, A. Agarwal, M. Desai
Tubercular Meningitis (TBM) usually presents as a sub-acute to chronic illness, with duration of symptoms ranging from weeks to months before clinical presentation. The course of disease is divided into 3 clinical stages- the stage of prodrome, phase of neurological symptoms and paretic stage, which usually progresses gradually over a period.Here we report an unusual case of TB meningitis in young female, which progressed rapidly over a period of 7-10 days from symptom onset, without any prodromal features or previous evidence of Koch’s, to reach a non-salvageable stage despite all the available diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
{"title":"A rare rapidly progressive presentation of tuberculous meningitis","authors":"Swapnil Gautam, A. Agarwal, M. Desai","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.038","url":null,"abstract":"Tubercular Meningitis (TBM) usually presents as a sub-acute to chronic illness, with duration of symptoms ranging from weeks to months before clinical presentation. The course of disease is divided into 3 clinical stages- the stage of prodrome, phase of neurological symptoms and paretic stage, which usually progresses gradually over a period.Here we report an unusual case of TB meningitis in young female, which progressed rapidly over a period of 7-10 days from symptom onset, without any prodromal features or previous evidence of Koch’s, to reach a non-salvageable stage despite all the available diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90924793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is a serious life threatening condition that has to be promptly addressed during early period of presentation to emergency room. It is usually associated with some underlying causative factor. Early identification of causative factors will help in early initiation of definitive management, thereby reducing the mortality and improving the outcome. We report a case of 64-year-old male with hemoptysis who has been identified as alveolar hemorrhage in emergency room. We also evaluated its possible causative factor by clinical suspicion, laboratory investigations and contrast enhanced computed tomography imaging. Patient started showing improvement with the initiation of face mask oxygenation, empirical IV antibiotics and IV steroid which was further augmented with bronchoscopic intervention by the pulmonology team. Flexible bronchoscopy played both a diagnostic and therapeutic role in this patient. A patient presenting to emergency room with clinical triad of cough, dyspnea and massive hemoptysis has to be approached with high suspicion for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Rapid evaluation for its etiology and initiating empirical treatment can prevent morbidity and mortality, thereby improving survival outcome.
{"title":"Evaluation of massive hemoptysis with high suspicion for alveolar hemorrhage in the emergency room","authors":"Nandha kumar Selvam, Keerthi Iyengar Bukkapatnam, Kandavel G Sivamani, Dhilip Kumar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.037","url":null,"abstract":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is a serious life threatening condition that has to be promptly addressed during early period of presentation to emergency room. It is usually associated with some underlying causative factor. Early identification of causative factors will help in early initiation of definitive management, thereby reducing the mortality and improving the outcome. We report a case of 64-year-old male with hemoptysis who has been identified as alveolar hemorrhage in emergency room. We also evaluated its possible causative factor by clinical suspicion, laboratory investigations and contrast enhanced computed tomography imaging. Patient started showing improvement with the initiation of face mask oxygenation, empirical IV antibiotics and IV steroid which was further augmented with bronchoscopic intervention by the pulmonology team. Flexible bronchoscopy played both a diagnostic and therapeutic role in this patient. A patient presenting to emergency room with clinical triad of cough, dyspnea and massive hemoptysis has to be approached with high suspicion for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Rapid evaluation for its etiology and initiating empirical treatment can prevent morbidity and mortality, thereby improving survival outcome.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82490821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.035
Dharm Prakash Dwivedi, A. Shukla, V. Raveendran, M. Muthaiah
India contributes to approximately one-third of total global tuberculosis (TB) and one-fourth of all Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden respectively. The First National drug resistance survey (2014-16) showed MDRTB rates of 6.19% overall and 2.14% in newly diagnosed TB cases. With the above problem of primary drug resistance among newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases, the present study was planned to find the prevalence of Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin resistance in the treatment naïve new tuberculosis cases.: Study design: Prospective, cross-sectional.: Treatment naive newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis cases.: 125.: After informed written consent, Sputum samples were collected and subjected to culture in MGIT 960 and positive cultures were recorded and subjected to drug sensitivity testing for INH (0.1 μg/ml) and Rifampicin (1 μg/ml) and a parallel non-drug MGIT was run as a control.: Most cases were males and belonged to the 20-59 years age group. Isoniazid (INH) resistance was found in 7 out of 125 samples, none had resistance to rifampicin. None of the categorical variables or grading of smear were having any statistically significant correlation with INH resistance.: INH resistance was found to be low (5.6%) with negligible MDR in the current study. Regular and large studies are needed to quantify and tackle the problem of primary MDR TB.
{"title":"Prevalence of primary INH and Rifampicin resistance among treatment Naïve tuberculosis cases in tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry: A prospective cross-sectional study","authors":"Dharm Prakash Dwivedi, A. Shukla, V. Raveendran, M. Muthaiah","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.035","url":null,"abstract":"India contributes to approximately one-third of total global tuberculosis (TB) and one-fourth of all Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden respectively. The First National drug resistance survey (2014-16) showed MDRTB rates of 6.19% overall and 2.14% in newly diagnosed TB cases. With the above problem of primary drug resistance among newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases, the present study was planned to find the prevalence of Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin resistance in the treatment naïve new tuberculosis cases.: Study design: Prospective, cross-sectional.: Treatment naive newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis cases.: 125.: After informed written consent, Sputum samples were collected and subjected to culture in MGIT 960 and positive cultures were recorded and subjected to drug sensitivity testing for INH (0.1 μg/ml) and Rifampicin (1 μg/ml) and a parallel non-drug MGIT was run as a control.: Most cases were males and belonged to the 20-59 years age group. Isoniazid (INH) resistance was found in 7 out of 125 samples, none had resistance to rifampicin. None of the categorical variables or grading of smear were having any statistically significant correlation with INH resistance.: INH resistance was found to be low (5.6%) with negligible MDR in the current study. Regular and large studies are needed to quantify and tackle the problem of primary MDR TB.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88311612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.034
Sirshendu Pal, Rupsha Dutta
Immunology forms the basis for effective treatment strategies and production of vaccines. In COVID 19 immune insufficiency may increase viral replication while uncontrolled immunity may result in tissue damage. The angiotensin converting enzyme receptors on alveolar type 2 cells of lungs act as target cells are the sites of Corona virus attack. These cells through cytokines or interferons initiate an early local response which may control the infection. However, in COVID-19 this interferon response can be subdued or lagging which may allow the COVID virus to escape detection by the innate immunity or depress the downstream reaction leading to unchecked SARS-COV-2 replication. The suppression of host responses leads to increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and the resulting inflammatory damage leads to a release of suppressive cytokines as a counter regulatory response. This is the cytokine storm. Thus, immuneregulatory treatments that may succeed are the ones that are in real time tuned to the subject's immunophenotype, where immunosuppression may be helpful at some points while immune-stimulation in others.
{"title":"Immunomodulation in COVID-19","authors":"Sirshendu Pal, Rupsha Dutta","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.034","url":null,"abstract":"Immunology forms the basis for effective treatment strategies and production of vaccines. In COVID 19 immune insufficiency may increase viral replication while uncontrolled immunity may result in tissue damage. The angiotensin converting enzyme receptors on alveolar type 2 cells of lungs act as target cells are the sites of Corona virus attack. These cells through cytokines or interferons initiate an early local response which may control the infection. However, in COVID-19 this interferon response can be subdued or lagging which may allow the COVID virus to escape detection by the innate immunity or depress the downstream reaction leading to unchecked SARS-COV-2 replication. The suppression of host responses leads to increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and the resulting inflammatory damage leads to a release of suppressive cytokines as a counter regulatory response. This is the cytokine storm. Thus, immuneregulatory treatments that may succeed are the ones that are in real time tuned to the subject's immunophenotype, where immunosuppression may be helpful at some points while immune-stimulation in others.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74148604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.033
S. Yadav
{"title":"XBB.1.5 the most transmissible descendant yet of the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2- Is it the beginning of a new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic?","authors":"S. Yadav","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"21 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83463073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.036
M. Kumar, Suresh Ramasubban, Subhajit Sen, S. Dey
45 years old female known case of hypothyroid admitted to local nursing home with pain abdomen, vomiting and generalized weakness. She received intravenous fluids and antibiotics in a nearby hospital. She experienced hyponatremia, which hypertonic saline from 104 to 128 meq/l quickly treated. Modified Rankin scale score was >3. MRI brain done showed pituitary macroadenoma. She was transferred to our hospital after 5 days because of altered sensorium and bradykinesia of all 4 limbs with high grade fever and unexpected MRI finding. Treatment was started initially in line of meningitis but CSF study was negative. She was intubated for airway protection later tracheostomy was done. MRI brain repeated after 15 days showed pontine and extrapontine demyelination. Serum cortisol was low due to secondary adrenal insufficiency so started on steroid therapy. She improved gradually regained consciousness, started obeying commands, decannulated and discharged with Rankin score <1 after 2 months of steroid and thyronorm supplements and extensive supportive therapy.
{"title":"Recovery from osmotic demyelination syndrome associated with pituitary macroadenoma","authors":"M. Kumar, Suresh Ramasubban, Subhajit Sen, S. Dey","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.036","url":null,"abstract":"45 years old female known case of hypothyroid admitted to local nursing home with pain abdomen, vomiting and generalized weakness. She received intravenous fluids and antibiotics in a nearby hospital. She experienced hyponatremia, which hypertonic saline from 104 to 128 meq/l quickly treated. Modified Rankin scale score was >3. MRI brain done showed pituitary macroadenoma. She was transferred to our hospital after 5 days because of altered sensorium and bradykinesia of all 4 limbs with high grade fever and unexpected MRI finding. Treatment was started initially in line of meningitis but CSF study was negative. She was intubated for airway protection later tracheostomy was done. MRI brain repeated after 15 days showed pontine and extrapontine demyelination. Serum cortisol was low due to secondary adrenal insufficiency so started on steroid therapy. She improved gradually regained consciousness, started obeying commands, decannulated and discharged with Rankin score <1 after 2 months of steroid and thyronorm supplements and extensive supportive therapy.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80316456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.040
Anirban Ray, Sushmita Roy Choudhury, S. Unnithan, Angshuman Mukherjee, P. Mondal
Nocardiosis results from infection with bacteria of genus Nocardia, which are saprophytic aerobic actinomycetes that commonly reside in soil relatively and are inactive on standard biochemical tests. Pulmonary and systemic nocardiosis is common in adult males, almost all being sporadic, common in tuberculosis endemic regions and usually seen in individuals with deficient cell mediated immunity. It may present as pneumonia, empyema, pericarditis, mediastinitis, laryngitis, peritonitis, and meningitis. Diagnosed with sputum or pus for branching beaded gram positive filaments which are 1 micron meter wide and 50 micron meter long.A male immunocompromised patient presented with respiratory symptoms. Patient was evaluated elsewhere and received multiple courses of antibiotics. On admission in our facility HRCT thorax followed by fibre optic bronchoscopy was done. Bronchoalveolar lavage was sent for microbiological analysis. Acid-fast in kinyoun and Ziehl Neelsen stain came positive for Nocardia and was managed with trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole which is the treatment of choice.
{"title":"Case report of pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient of right renal transplantation","authors":"Anirban Ray, Sushmita Roy Choudhury, S. Unnithan, Angshuman Mukherjee, P. Mondal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.040","url":null,"abstract":"Nocardiosis results from infection with bacteria of genus Nocardia, which are saprophytic aerobic actinomycetes that commonly reside in soil relatively and are inactive on standard biochemical tests. Pulmonary and systemic nocardiosis is common in adult males, almost all being sporadic, common in tuberculosis endemic regions and usually seen in individuals with deficient cell mediated immunity. It may present as pneumonia, empyema, pericarditis, mediastinitis, laryngitis, peritonitis, and meningitis. Diagnosed with sputum or pus for branching beaded gram positive filaments which are 1 micron meter wide and 50 micron meter long.A male immunocompromised patient presented with respiratory symptoms. Patient was evaluated elsewhere and received multiple courses of antibiotics. On admission in our facility HRCT thorax followed by fibre optic bronchoscopy was done. Bronchoalveolar lavage was sent for microbiological analysis. Acid-fast in kinyoun and Ziehl Neelsen stain came positive for Nocardia and was managed with trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole which is the treatment of choice.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84964687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.027
Ritumbhara, Gunjan M. Soni, Ravi Gaur, J. Khatri, K. Soni
Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), is one of the most common disease in patients with infections, having frequent hospitalization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential for NLR to be used as a biomarker of COPD exacerbation. The hospital based case control Study is was conduct on hospitalized 100 patient with primary and final diagnosis of AECOPD and 100 patient of stable period of COPD. Socio-demographic variable in both groups were comparable. BMI was significantly lower in AECOPD patients. The mean PACK/YR in AECOPD group was 29.52±3.70 and in Stable COPD was 23.50±2.05. FEV1was significantly lower in AECOPD patients. Mean admission per year was significantly higher in AECOPD patients. Mean neutrophil count was significantly higher in AECOPD patients (11.49±2.32) as compare to stable COPD patients (6.47±2.01). Mean lymphyocyte count was significantly higher in AECOPD patients (2.07±0.05) as compare to stable COPD patients (1.71±0.07). Mean NLR was significantly higher in AECOPD patients (5.54±2.12) as compare to stable COPD patients (3.77±0.22). The difference in both groups was found statically significant. 5.00% hospital mortality in AECOPD patients. Mean neutrophil count was significantly higher in death as compare to survived patients. Mean NLR was significantly higher in death as compare to survived patients. NLR is readily available (Available at PHC) and simple parameter, could also be used as a cost-effective marker of inflammation in AECOPD. We have concluded that the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio on the day of presenting the illness was significantly higher in AECOPD as compare to stable COPD. Those patients who had a high NLR during admission were associated with poor survival.
{"title":"Correlation of neutrophil to lymphocyte with acute exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at tertiary care hospital in North West Rajasthan","authors":"Ritumbhara, Gunjan M. Soni, Ravi Gaur, J. Khatri, K. Soni","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), is one of the most common disease in patients with infections, having frequent hospitalization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential for NLR to be used as a biomarker of COPD exacerbation. The hospital based case control Study is was conduct on hospitalized 100 patient with primary and final diagnosis of AECOPD and 100 patient of stable period of COPD. Socio-demographic variable in both groups were comparable. BMI was significantly lower in AECOPD patients. The mean PACK/YR in AECOPD group was 29.52±3.70 and in Stable COPD was 23.50±2.05. FEV1was significantly lower in AECOPD patients. Mean admission per year was significantly higher in AECOPD patients. Mean neutrophil count was significantly higher in AECOPD patients (11.49±2.32) as compare to stable COPD patients (6.47±2.01). Mean lymphyocyte count was significantly higher in AECOPD patients (2.07±0.05) as compare to stable COPD patients (1.71±0.07). Mean NLR was significantly higher in AECOPD patients (5.54±2.12) as compare to stable COPD patients (3.77±0.22). The difference in both groups was found statically significant. 5.00% hospital mortality in AECOPD patients. Mean neutrophil count was significantly higher in death as compare to survived patients. Mean NLR was significantly higher in death as compare to survived patients. NLR is readily available (Available at PHC) and simple parameter, could also be used as a cost-effective marker of inflammation in AECOPD. We have concluded that the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio on the day of presenting the illness was significantly higher in AECOPD as compare to stable COPD. Those patients who had a high NLR during admission were associated with poor survival.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"195 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79821886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.023
S. Yadav
{"title":"TB Champions- An important initiative in the direction of TB elimination from India","authors":"S. Yadav","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"11 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77275292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.028
T. Talukdar, Shweta Sharma, Prof Vikas Kumar, Kanishk Sinha, Anjali Soin, P. Ish
TB-HIV coinfection imposes a double-edged sword effect on the patient’s health. Awareness about HIV among the TB patients is very essential for prevention, early detection and appropriate therapy. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge about HIV prevention and transmission among TB patients.A cross sectional study was done among the patients of Tuberculosis who attended the DOTS center at a tertiary care hospital. Patients who were HIV-TB coinfected were excluded. A pretested questionnaire consisting of 13 questions regarding the HIV transmission, methods to avoid HIV, misconceptions and treatment was used. 53 patients were enrolled in the study. It was a predominantly young (mean age was 34.69 ± 14.18 years) and male dominated (64%) population.Out of 53 enrolled patients, 42 (79.2%) were familiar with HIV infection. Among these 42 patients, more than 80% patients were aware about multiple transmission routes of HIV infection. Homosexual and mother to child transmission were less known. Awareness about use of condoms was present in 85.7% patients. On the contrary, misconceptions about HIV transmission (coughing, sneezing, shaking hands, use same toilets) was prevalent in 40% patients. Very few patients (12%) were aware about the Indian national HIV program. There was no difference in the knowledge and awareness among males and females. Literate patients and patients living in urban area had heard of HIV more as compared to their counterparts (p<0.05).Myths and misconceptions about HIV transmission are widely persistent among TB patients even in urban cities of India. There is still a long way to go regarding the spread of awareness about HIV among TB patients despite its paramount significance in prevention, early diagnosis, and early appropriate therapy for the same.
{"title":"A cross-sectional study on knowledge about transmission and prevention of HIV in patients of Tuberculosis attending a DOTS center of a tertiary care hospital","authors":"T. Talukdar, Shweta Sharma, Prof Vikas Kumar, Kanishk Sinha, Anjali Soin, P. Ish","doi":"10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.028","url":null,"abstract":"TB-HIV coinfection imposes a double-edged sword effect on the patient’s health. Awareness about HIV among the TB patients is very essential for prevention, early detection and appropriate therapy. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge about HIV prevention and transmission among TB patients.A cross sectional study was done among the patients of Tuberculosis who attended the DOTS center at a tertiary care hospital. Patients who were HIV-TB coinfected were excluded. A pretested questionnaire consisting of 13 questions regarding the HIV transmission, methods to avoid HIV, misconceptions and treatment was used. 53 patients were enrolled in the study. It was a predominantly young (mean age was 34.69 ± 14.18 years) and male dominated (64%) population.Out of 53 enrolled patients, 42 (79.2%) were familiar with HIV infection. Among these 42 patients, more than 80% patients were aware about multiple transmission routes of HIV infection. Homosexual and mother to child transmission were less known. Awareness about use of condoms was present in 85.7% patients. On the contrary, misconceptions about HIV transmission (coughing, sneezing, shaking hands, use same toilets) was prevalent in 40% patients. Very few patients (12%) were aware about the Indian national HIV program. There was no difference in the knowledge and awareness among males and females. Literate patients and patients living in urban area had heard of HIV more as compared to their counterparts (p<0.05).Myths and misconceptions about HIV transmission are widely persistent among TB patients even in urban cities of India. There is still a long way to go regarding the spread of awareness about HIV among TB patients despite its paramount significance in prevention, early diagnosis, and early appropriate therapy for the same.","PeriodicalId":14503,"journal":{"name":"IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79721882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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