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Accelerated shelf life determination of corn snack bars 玉米小吃条的加速保质期测定
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.10718
Ahmad Ni'matullah Al-Baarri, Siti Susanti, Anang Mohamad Legowo, Mulyana Hadipernata, Arif Aryanto, Putri Safina Liestyana
Corn snack bars are a snack product made from corn extrudate, and additional ingredients in the form of sorghum flour can be consumed as a nutritious snack. The shelf life of snack bar products needs to be known to ensure product quality reaches consumers. This study aims to determine the shelf life changes in critical parameters during storage using the accelerated shelf life testing Arrhenius method. Tests on the estimation of shelf life with the Arrhenius were carried out at three different storage temperatures (10°C, 30°C, and 47°C) for 35 days with an observation time of every 7 days. The shelf life of corn snack bars was tested using parameters of quality changes such as water content, texture hardness, and springiness. Based on the results obtained, the final shelf life of the corn snack bar is determined by the crispness parameter; shelf life at 10°C is 233 days, at 30°C is 111 days, and at 47°C is 363 days.
玉米小吃条是一种由玉米挤出物制成的零食,加上高粱粉,可以作为营养零食食用。需要了解小吃店产品的保质期,以确保产品质量达到消费者。本研究旨在利用加速货架期测试阿伦尼乌斯法测定贮藏过程中关键参数的货架期变化。在3种不同的储存温度(10°C、30°C和47°C)下对阿伦尼乌斯进行了35天的保质期估计试验,每7天观察一次。采用含水量、质地硬度、弹性等质量变化参数对玉米小食棒的保质期进行了研究。根据所得结果,玉米小卖部的最终保质期由脆度参数决定;在10°C下的保质期为233天,30°C为111天,47°C为363天。
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引用次数: 0
Field catering in the operational and training activities of the Carabinieri Corps 在宪兵部队的作战和训练活动中提供野战餐饮
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11099
Samuele Pulze, Noemi Presti, Alberto Vergara
The Armed Force's victualling sector, and field catering in particular, was brought up to date following Publication No. C-19, Compendium of Logistic Provisions of the Carabinieri Force. Previously, there was no specific regulation in the defense sector, except for the operational reality of military contingents deployed abroad. The aim of this discussion is the military field catering regulatory adaptation to the procedures of the Certified Notification of Commencement of Activities, pursuant to Law 241/90. To this end, the Ministry of Defense has adopted a specific notification model for its food businesses (Interministerial Decree 06/03/2020). Presidential Decree 327/1980 also applies in the Arma with regard to refrigerated shelters intended for the storage of foodstuffs at a controlled temperature. The authorization, issued by the Veterinary Service of the Arma General Headquarters, is valid for two years and is renewable subject to verification of the specific requirements. The procedures for submitting the certified activity start notice (SCIA) are functional to the type of service operation. The Veterinary Service issues a specific technical opinion on the relative hygiene and health requirements, while the plant-infrastructure part is assessed by the competent Directorate of Works of the Corps of Engineers of the aforementioned General Command. Failure to submit the SCIA is punishable under Legislative Decree No. 193/2007; however, if the conditions are met, recourse to the administrative institution of the warning is preferred. In the verification phase of the shelters in question, compliance with the regulations concerning the Agreement on the Transport of Perishable Goods must be ascertained. The new regulations allow the Armed Force to guarantee food safety in military operations involving the use of field modules for catering purposes.
武装部队的伙食部门,特别是野战伙食,在第7号出版物之后得到了更新。C-19,宪兵部队后勤供应纲要。以前,除了部署在国外的军事特遣队的作战实际情况外,国防部门没有具体的规定。本次讨论的目的是根据第241/90号法律,使军事领域餐饮管理适应活动开始认证通知的程序。为此,国防部对其食品企业采用了特定的通知模式(部际法令06/03/2020)。第327/1980号总统令也适用于《武装部队协定》中关于用于在控制温度下储存食品的冷藏库的规定。该授权由Arma总部兽医局签发,有效期为两年,可在核实具体要求后续期。提交经过认证的活动开始通知(SCIA)的过程对服务操作类型是有效的。兽医事务处就有关卫生和健康要求发表具体的技术意见,而工厂基础设施部分则由上述总司令部工兵部队主管工程局进行评估。根据第193/2007号法令,未提交SCIA将受到处罚;但符合条件的,优先向发出警告的行政机关追索。在有关庇护所的核查阶段,必须查明有关《易腐货物运输协定》的条例是否得到遵守。新规定允许武装部队在涉及使用野战模块供餐的军事行动中保证食品安全。
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引用次数: 0
Occurrence of <i>Aliarcobacter</i> spp. in fresh and pre-cut vegetables of common use in San José, Costa Rica 出现&lt;i&gt; aliarcobacteria &lt;/i&gt;哥斯达黎加圣何塞市常用的新鲜和预先切好的蔬菜中的一种
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.10344
María Laura Arias Echandi, Alejandra Huete Soto, Jose Manuel Castillo Blanco, Fernanda Fernández, Heriberto Fernandez Jaramillo
Aliarcobacter is a Gram-negative rod that can cause disease in both animals and humans. Several studies have evidenced its presence in a wide variety of foods. Given that the number of foodborne illness outbreaks linked to the consumption of vegetables has increased worldwide and that there is a lack of information about the occurrence of Aliarcobacter spp. in these, the aim of this study was to evaluate its presence and the occurrence of virulence factors in both fresh and ready-to-eat vegetable samples. 180 vegetable samples from Costa Rica were analyzed for the presence of Aliarcobacter spp., including 90 pre-cut vegetable packages and 90 fresh vegetables. Two (2.2%) of the isolates from pre-cut vegetables and 19 (21.1%) of the isolates obtained from fresh vegetables were confirmed as Aliarcobacter spp. One of the isolates from the pre-cut vegetable samples was identified as A. butzleri. For the fresh vegetables, 11 isolates were identified as A. skirrowii, one as A. butzleri, and the 7 remaining isolates could not be identified at a species level. There is an 87.5% positivity for hecA and 93.8% for pldA, virulence genes in strains isolated from fresh produce, contrasting with an absolute absence from pre-cut vegetable-isolated strains. These results evidence the presence of Aliarcobacter on fresh and pre-cut vegetables from Costa Rica and the potential hazard it might represent for public health.
Aliarcobacter是一种革兰氏阴性棒,可在动物和人类中引起疾病。几项研究已经证明它存在于各种各样的食物中。鉴于与食用蔬菜有关的食源性疾病暴发的数量在世界范围内有所增加,并且缺乏有关Aliarcobacter spp.发生的信息,本研究的目的是评估其在新鲜和即食蔬菜样品中的存在和毒力因子的发生。对来自哥斯达黎加的180份蔬菜样品进行了Aliarcobacter spp的分析,其中包括90份预切蔬菜包装和90份新鲜蔬菜。从预切蔬菜中分离出2株(2.2%)、新鲜蔬菜中分离出19株(21.1%)为Aliarcobacter,从预切蔬菜中分离出1株为butzleri。在新鲜蔬菜中,鉴定出11株为skirrowii菌株,1株为buzleri菌株,其余7株无法在种水平上鉴定。从新鲜农产品中分离的菌株的毒力基因hecA阳性率为87.5%,pldA阳性率为93.8%,而从蔬菜中分离的菌株完全没有毒力基因。这些结果证明了哥斯达黎加新鲜和预切蔬菜中存在Aliarcobacter,以及它可能对公众健康构成的潜在危害。
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引用次数: 0
XXXII Convegno Nazionale dell’Associazione Italiana Veterinari Igienisti (AIVI) | Maierato-Vibo Valentia, 13-14-15 Settembre 2023 意大利全国协会、卫生》(AIVI) | Maierato-Vibo Valentia, 2023年9月13-14-15
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11791
The Editors
This abstract book contains the abstracts presented at the 32nd AIVI National Congress, Maierato-Vibo Valentia, 13-14-15 September 2023. [Abstract book in Italian].
这本摘要书包含了2023年9月13-14-15日在Maierato-Vibo Valentia召开的第32届AIVI全国代表大会上发表的摘要。[意大利语摘要书]。
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引用次数: 0
Frequency and seasonality of viable Helicobacter pylori in drinking water in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. 也门达马尔省饮用水中活幽门螺杆菌的频率和季节性。
IF 1.3 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-06 eCollection Date: 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.10855
Dhary Alewy Almashhadany, Sara Mohammed Mayas, Jiyan Ali Omar, Thaera A M Muslat

Helicobacter pylori is an important and common bacterial pathogen in humans. The accumulated evidence of the existence of H. pylori in water from different environmental sources suggests a water-borne transmission route. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of H. pylori in different water sources used by human populations in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. 250 samples were randomly collected from the municipal water supply network, wells, and springs. The samples were processed, plated onto modified campy-blood agar, and incubated under microaerobic conditions for 4-10 days. Bacterial identification was based on morphological properties and biochemical tests. Bacteriological analysis showed that 9.6% and 13.2% of tap and surface water samples were contaminated with H. pylori, respectively. Despite a higher frequency in samples from rural areas, these were not significantly (p=0.068) more contaminated than the samples from urban areas. Regarding the seasonal variations of H. pylori detection, 85.71% of positive samples were detected in the late winter and spring seasons (February to May). To conclude, H. pylori transmission through water is likely to occur in Dhamar Governorate. Further prospective studies are highly recommended to provide further evidence and a clearer picture of H. pylori transmission.

幽门螺杆菌是人类常见的重要细菌病原体。幽门螺杆菌在不同环境来源的水中存在的累积证据表明,幽门螺杆菌是通过水传播的。本研究旨在调查也门达马尔省人类使用的不同水源中幽门螺杆菌的发生情况。从市政供水管网、水井和泉水中随机采集250个样本。对样品进行处理,将其接种在改良的campy血琼脂上,并在微需氧条件下孵育4-10天。细菌鉴定基于形态学特性和生化测试。细菌分析显示,自来水和地表水样本中分别有9.6%和13.2%被幽门螺杆菌污染。尽管农村地区的样本频率较高,但这些样本的污染程度并不比城市地区的样本严重(p=0.068)。关于幽门螺杆菌检测的季节变化,85.71%的阳性样本是在冬末和春季(2月至5月)检测到的。总之,幽门螺杆菌通过水传播很可能发生在达马尔省。强烈建议进行进一步的前瞻性研究,以提供进一步的证据和更清晰的幽门螺杆菌传播情况。
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引用次数: 0
Physicochemical and microbiological attributes of dried anchovies (Stolephorus commersonnii) in the formation of histamine along the supply chain. 干凤尾鱼(Stoleforus commercesonnii)在供应链组胺形成过程中的物理化学和微生物特性。
IF 1.3 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-04 eCollection Date: 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11319
Ruel Hermo Amascual, Harold Panganoron, Andrew Gamba, Elmer Irene

Food safety along the supply chain must be safeguarded to protect the public's health from any foodborne disease. Despite the consumption of fish products, scombroid poisoning is not a wellknown occurrence. This study was formulated to evaluate at which stage of the supply chain the increase in the histamine content of dried anchovies (Stolephorus commersonnii) occurs. The study showed that histamine substances and Staphylococcus aureus were detected at all stages of the supply chain. It was also found that the concentration of histamine generally increased from the fisherman to the processors and retailers. Post-hoc analysis using the Fisher test showed no significant difference in the histamine content of dried anchovies from the processing centers (𝑥̅ =5 4.07 mg/kg) and retailers (𝑥̅ = 67.63 mg/kg), but it was significantly higher than in the raw anchovies (𝑥̅ = 8.29 mg/kg). S. aureus remains low at <10 colony-forming units (CFU/g). The aerobic plate count supports this conclusion with a 90.29% increase from the processing centers to the retailers. However, it is still significant as a source of histamine formation influenced by water activity and salt content. A correlation between salt content and water activity with histamine content was identified with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8357. It is recommended to review the processing method to control the salt content and the handling and storage at the retailers, as they showed the highest potential for histamine-forming bacteria growth, leading to an increase in histamine levels in dried anchovies.

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引用次数: 0
Official controls on traditional and ethnic butchers: evidence gathered to improve food safety. 官方对传统和民族屠夫的控制:为提高食品安全而收集的证据
IF 1.3 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-01 eCollection Date: 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11130
Giulia Bonifacino, Amaranta Traversa, Daniele Nucera, Roberta Bervini, Guido Bruatto, Emanuele Coruzzi, Maurizio Gilli, Arianna Mendolicchio, Emanuele Osella, Francesca Rubinetti, Enzo Stassi, Claudio Biglia, Tiziana Civera

Regulation 2017/625 allows and encourages the use of rating schemes as a means to increase transparency in the agri-food chain. Since its implementation, a need for greater fairness, consistency, transparency, and objectivity in official controls has been reported by member states. The present study compares the results of inspection activities concerning food hygiene principles in ethnic and traditional butcheries. The sample consists of 50 food business activities randomly selected from traditional and ethnic butcheries subject to official control in Turin from January to June 2019. Our objectives were to evaluate the degree of awareness and training of food business operators (FBOs) and to compare the written records drawn up by the competent authorities (CAs) during official inspections to evaluate their completeness and uniformity. The presence of old equipment is a common finding in both traditional and ethnic butchers. This could lead to ineffective cleaning operations and inappropriate functioning, which in turn could lead to a dangerous loss of control over products' temperatures. Ethnic butchers showed a higher number of non-compliances for documentary examination, the presence/correctness of self-control plans, and management aspects such as by-product disposal and personnel hygiene. Training is the key point for both CAs and FBOs; inspectors must maintain their professionalism but also adhere to harmonized and intellectually supported criteria, and FBOs must prevent improper behavior. Eventually, we propose strategies to increase the efficacy and homogeneity of records, together with suggestions on how to implement training both for consultants and operators.

第2017/625号条例允许并鼓励使用评级计划,以此提高农业食品链的透明度。自实施以来,成员国报告称,官方控制需要更大的公平性、一致性、透明度和客观性。本研究比较了民族和传统肉店食品卫生原则检查活动的结果。样本由50项食品商业活动组成,这些活动是从2019年1月至6月都灵受官方控制的传统和民族屠宰场中随机选择的。我们的两个目标是评估食品经营者(FBO)的意识和培训程度,并比较主管当局(CA)在官方检查期间制定的书面记录,以评估其完整性和一致性。无论是传统屠夫还是少数民族屠夫,都会发现旧设备的存在。这可能导致无效的清洁操作和不适当的功能,进而可能导致对产品温度失去控制的危险。少数民族屠夫在文件检查、自我控制计划的存在/正确性以及副产品处理和人员卫生等管理方面表现出更高的不遵守率。培训是CA和FBO的重点;检查员必须保持他们的专业精神,但也必须遵守统一和智力支持的标准,FBO必须防止不当行为。最后,我们提出了提高记录有效性和同质性的策略,并就如何对顾问和操作员进行培训提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Monitoring of polyphosphate levels in animal source products collected in Italy by means of ion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. 用抑制电导率检测的离子色谱法监测意大利动物源产品中多磷酸盐的含量
IF 1.3 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-30 eCollection Date: 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11110
Giovanna Berardi, Aurelia Di Taranto, Naceur Haouet, Valeria Vita, Elena Palomba, Gianluca Rizzi, Marco Iammarino

Polyphosphates (PPs) constitute a class of food additives widely used due to their ability to exercise different useful activities. The food safety concern about the use of PPs in food is both the possible non-declared addition and some health effects, such as bile duct stones, decrease in oligo-element absorption, and allergic reactions in susceptible people. In this study, an analytical method based on ion chromatography with conductivity detection was applied for the detection and quantification of PPs in 238 samples of animal-derived products such as meat, dairy, and fish products. A contribution to risk assessment was also included. The monitoring confirmed the absence of non-compliant results. All concentrations of PPs were indeed lower than the legal limits set in European Regulation No. 1333/2008. Moreover, no residue of PPs was detected (> limit of quantification: 0.09 g kg-1) in samples where it was not reported on the product label. No PPs were detected in mollusks, meat-based preparations, semi-ripened, unripened, and spun paste cheese, while they are widely used in surimi, with concentrations in the range of 0.1-0.5 g kg-1. The highest concentrations were quantified in a würstel sample (4.7±0.3 g kg-1) and a spreadable cheese sample (8.9±0.7 g kg-1). Considering that the high exposure scenario together with a very susceptible population group (toddlers) were taken into account for this risk exposure study and that the highest admissible daily intake obtained was equal to 10.4%, the assessment demonstrated that the actual use of PPs in food does not pose a risk for food safety.

聚磷酸盐(PPs)是一类广泛使用的食品添加剂,因为它们能够发挥不同的有用活性。食品中使用PPs的食品安全问题包括可能的未申报添加和一些健康影响,如胆管结石、微量元素吸收减少以及易感人群的过敏反应。在本研究中,采用基于离子色谱和电导率检测的分析方法对238份动物源性产品(如肉类、乳制品和鱼类产品)中的PPs进行了检测和定量。还包括对风险评估的贡献。监测证实没有不合规的结果。PPs的所有浓度确实低于第1333/2008号欧洲法规中规定的法定限值。此外,在产品标签上未报告的所有样品中均未检测到PPs残留(>定量限:0.09 g kg-1)。在软体动物、肉制品、半成熟、未成熟和旋浆干酪中未检测到多酚,而它们广泛用于鱼糜中,浓度在0.1-0.5 g kg-1范围内。最高浓度在wurstel样品(4.7±0.3 g kg-1)和可涂抹奶酪样品(8.9±0.7 g kg-1)中进行了定量。考虑到风险暴露研究考虑了高暴露场景和极易感人群(学步儿童),并且获得的最高可接受日摄入量等于10.4%,评估表明,食品中实际使用PPs不会对食品安全构成风险。
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引用次数: 0
Eustrongylides spp. parasite risk management in Atherina boyeri from Lake Trasimeno. Trasimeno湖博氏阿瑟利纳的Eustrongylides寄生虫风险管理。
IF 1.3 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-07 eCollection Date: 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11338
Raffaella Franceschini, Andrea Valiani, David Ranucci, Rossana Roila, Giuseppe Palma, Francesco Agnetti, Giacomo Di Giacinto, Raffaella Branciari

Atherina boyeri is the primary source of fishing profit in Lake Trasimeno and a common host for Eustrongylides spp. larvae. The presence of Eustrongylides in fish is a public health concern, and effective risk management procedures are necessary to guarantee that infected products do not reach the market. Currently, in the European Union, there is no official sampling plan for fresh fish that defines sample size, inspection methods, and criteria for accepting or rejecting the product. An approach to Eustrongylides risk management is proposed in this study. A total of 270 batches of A. boyeri, each consisting of 29 specimens, were collected and examined visually in 3 years (2020-2023). The prevalence of the parasite was 20% in 2020, and in the first months of 2021, it grew up to ⁓40%, then dropped to 12.50% in December 2021 and settled at 16% in February 2022. In January and February 2023, the prevalence fell below 1%. The mean abundance was calculated and used to establish a threshold value to determine fish marketability. In 2020 and 2021, several batches were judged not marketable, and in some batches, a freezing treatment was implemented to ensure the inactivation of the parasite. In the last months of 2022 and in January and February of 2023, the presence of parasites in captured fish was negligible, and this allowed the marketability of fish as fresh. The proposed sampling plan was effective in preventing the commercialization of potentially hazardous products.

波氏阿瑟利娜是特拉西梅诺湖渔业利润的主要来源,也是圆叶夜蛾幼虫的常见宿主。鱼类中存在的Eustrongylides是一个公共卫生问题,需要有效的风险管理程序来确保受感染的产品不会进入市场。目前,在欧盟,没有官方的鲜鱼抽样计划来定义样本量、检查方法以及接受或拒绝产品的标准。本文提出了一种Eustrongylides的风险管理方法。在3年(2020-2023年)内,共收集了270批A.boyeri,每批由29个标本组成,并进行了目视检查。2020年,这种寄生虫的流行率为20%,在2021年的前几个月,它增长到了40%,然后在2021年12月下降到12.50%,在2022年2月稳定在16%。2023年1月和2月,患病率降至1%以下。计算平均丰度,并将其用于确定鱼类可销售性的阈值。在2020年和2021年,有几个批次被判定不可销售,在一些批次中,实施了冷冻处理,以确保寄生虫的灭活。在2022年的最后几个月以及2023年的1月和2月,捕获的鱼类中寄生虫的存在可以忽略不计,这使得鱼类可以作为新鲜鱼类出售。拟议的抽样计划有效地防止了潜在危险产品的商业化。
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引用次数: 0
Food safety knowledge and climate in the university canteens of three European countries. 欧洲三国大学食堂的食品安全知识与气候。
IF 1.3 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.10580
Sanja Vidaček Filipec, Petra Ratković, András Bittsánszky, András József Tóth, João Pm Lima, Ada Rocha

The association of food safety knowledge and climate with gender, education level, length of employment, food safety training, and professional role was measured using a 15-item food safety climate survey and a 20-item food safety questionnaire on a sample of 263 employees from 19 small and medium-sized university canteens in Croatia, Hungary, and Portugal. The relationship between knowledge and climate and the demographic determinants of both variables were examined. Food safety knowledge was inadequate (45.5% of correct responses), while perceptions of food safety, as measured by the food safety climate survey, were positive (2.69 out of a maximum of 3.00). The perception of resources in canteens was the least favorable across all countries. Leaders did not exhibit better food safety knowledge or perceptions. Food safety climate and knowledge were significantly positively correlated and influenced by training. Perceptions of food safety compared to employee knowledge levels indicated that some employees were overly optimistic about food safety risks. Therefore, food safety knowledge and food safety climate should be assessed in parallel, and both could be improved through ongoing training of employees, especially leaders.

通过对克罗地亚、匈牙利和葡萄牙19所中小型大学食堂的263名员工进行15项食品安全气候调查和20项食品安全问卷调查,测量了食品安全知识和气候与性别、教育水平、就业时间、食品安全培训和专业角色之间的关系。研究了知识与气候之间的关系以及这两个变量的人口决定因素。食品安全知识不足(45.5%的正确回答),而对食品安全的看法,正如食品安全气候调查所衡量的那样,是积极的(最高3.00)。在所有国家中,对食堂资源的看法是最不有利的。领导者没有表现出更好的食品安全知识或观念。食品安全气候与食品安全知识显著正相关,并受培训的影响。与员工知识水平相比,对食品安全的认知表明,部分员工对食品安全风险过于乐观。因此,食品安全知识和食品安全气候应该同时进行评估,并通过对员工,特别是领导者的持续培训来改善两者。
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引用次数: 0
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Italian Journal of Food Safety
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