Crocothemis servilia servilia (Drury) (Odonata: Libellulidae) is biocontrol agent of paddy pests in Kolhapur region of Maharashtra. It predates on paddy jassid Nilaparvata sp., Paddy borer Chilo suppersalis (Walker) and Jowar stem a borer Chilo partellus (Swin). Therefore, biology of C. servilia servilia has been studied under laboratory conditions (24 C, 70 75% RH and 12 hr Photo period). It completes its life cycle within 3 months, egg stage lasts for 18 days and nymphal period is 72 days. There are 12 instars, each has about 7 – 10 days duration. During nymphal period they feed on paramoecium, daphnia, redworms and mosquito larvae. Adult survives for 4 days without food. Mated female can lay about 140 – 150 eggs in water body/water trough. A single mated female, an average can produce 142 adults under laboratory conditions.
{"title":"Biology of A Dragaonfly Crocothemis Servilia Servilia Drury (Odonata: Libellulidae), A Predator of Paddy Pests in Kolhapur.","authors":"A. R. Bhusnar, T. Sathe","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203011820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203011820","url":null,"abstract":"Crocothemis servilia servilia (Drury) (Odonata: Libellulidae) is biocontrol agent of paddy pests in Kolhapur region of Maharashtra. It predates on paddy jassid Nilaparvata sp., Paddy borer Chilo suppersalis (Walker) and Jowar stem a borer Chilo partellus (Swin). Therefore, biology of C. servilia servilia has been studied under laboratory conditions (24 C, 70 75% RH and 12 hr Photo period). It completes its life cycle within 3 months, egg stage lasts for 18 days and nymphal period is 72 days. There are 12 instars, each has about 7 – 10 days duration. During nymphal period they feed on paramoecium, daphnia, redworms and mosquito larvae. Adult survives for 4 days without food. Mated female can lay about 140 – 150 eggs in water body/water trough. A single mated female, an average can produce 142 adults under laboratory conditions.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"18-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77767018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibopamine eyedrops are used in ophthalmology. This molecule is characterized by a dual mechanism of action, since it acts on both adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. The adrenergic action is responsible for a marked mydriasis without accommodative paralysis, while the dopaminergic action promotes the production of aqueous humor. Given this dual action, ibopamine may be useful for diagnostic purposes in ophthalmology. This review article aims at presenting the most intriguing evidence on ibopamine and discusses the profile of patients who may be best suitable to this molecule. Key-words: Glaucoma, ibopamine, provocative test, safety mydriasis.
{"title":"Ibopamine Eye Drops In Ophthalmology","authors":"I. Giuffré","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203042731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203042731","url":null,"abstract":"Ibopamine eyedrops are used in ophthalmology. This molecule is characterized by a dual mechanism of action, since it acts on both adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. The adrenergic action is responsible for a marked mydriasis without accommodative paralysis, while the dopaminergic action promotes the production of aqueous humor. Given this dual action, ibopamine may be useful for diagnostic purposes in ophthalmology. This review article aims at presenting the most intriguing evidence on ibopamine and discusses the profile of patients who may be best suitable to this molecule. Key-words: Glaucoma, ibopamine, provocative test, safety mydriasis.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"446 1","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75081739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Amutha, J. Sivasakthi, Dr.A. Gubendran, P. Dhanasekaran, R. Imayatharasi
R.Imayatharasi 2 , 1 Assistant professor, Department of chemistry V.V.Vanniaperumal college for women Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India. 1 .M.Sc Scholar Department of chemistry V.V.Vanniaperumal college for women Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu. 2 .Associate professor Department of chemistry Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India. 2 . M.Phil Scholars, Department of chemistry Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.
{"title":"Studies on Metal Chelating Property and Pharmaceutical Applications of Curcumin Metal Complex.","authors":"M. Amutha, J. Sivasakthi, Dr.A. Gubendran, P. Dhanasekaran, R. Imayatharasi","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203017277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203017277","url":null,"abstract":"R.Imayatharasi 2 , 1 Assistant professor, Department of chemistry V.V.Vanniaperumal college for women Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India. 1 .M.Sc Scholar Department of chemistry V.V.Vanniaperumal college for women Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu. 2 .Associate professor Department of chemistry Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India. 2 . M.Phil Scholars, Department of chemistry Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80150449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hind. H. Obaid, Z. Khalaf, Heba K. Tawfeeq, RoaaThaer Sabri, Zeina Abdul-Qader Abdul-Jabba
Rheum ribs reported to have used in traditional medicine system, and also used as antimicrobial agent against different species of bacteria. Tio2 NPs one of the most widely material that investigated for killing or inhibition of bacteria. In order that, this research was came to study the effects of antibiofilm R. ribs extract and Tio2 on uropathogenic E. coli. Furthermore, study the effect of R. ribs and Tio2 combination by using tissue culture plate method. The results showed that R. ribs extract and Tio2 gave inhibition effect against bacterial biofilm in high percentage (60-80%) and (65-76%) respectively, the first effect on (E7-E16) and the second (E9E16), but the highly effect observed when mix each one of them with others one in percentage (60-78%) against 11 bacterial isolates from (E6-E16). From these results we can concluded that the R. ribs extract and Tio2 may act as an antibacterial agents in thefuture.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Effect of Rheum ribes and Tio2 Nps on Bacterial Biofilm in Escherichia Coli","authors":"Hind. H. Obaid, Z. Khalaf, Heba K. Tawfeeq, RoaaThaer Sabri, Zeina Abdul-Qader Abdul-Jabba","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203041420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203041420","url":null,"abstract":"Rheum ribs reported to have used in traditional medicine system, and also used as antimicrobial agent against different species of bacteria. Tio2 NPs one of the most widely material that investigated for killing or inhibition of bacteria. In order that, this research was came to study the effects of antibiofilm R. ribs extract and Tio2 on uropathogenic E. coli. Furthermore, study the effect of R. ribs and Tio2 combination by using tissue culture plate method. The results showed that R. ribs extract and Tio2 gave inhibition effect against bacterial biofilm in high percentage (60-80%) and (65-76%) respectively, the first effect on (E7-E16) and the second (E9E16), but the highly effect observed when mix each one of them with others one in percentage (60-78%) against 11 bacterial isolates from (E6-E16). From these results we can concluded that the R. ribs extract and Tio2 may act as an antibacterial agents in thefuture.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"33 4 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77228163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RNA interference is a sequence specific post transcriptional gene silencing mechanism which works through cleaving of nucleic acids by small RNA molecules of 19-21 mers. RNA interference tool found very effective to destroy the pathogenicity of several viruses. The molecular scissor activity of small interfering RNA (siRNA) was applied for inhibition of CoxsackievirusA24 (CA24), an Enterovirus of family Picornaviridae responsible for acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in humans. Four different siRNA molecules were used to target 5’ untranslated region (si5U), cis acting replication element of 2C (siCre), RNA dependent RNA polymerase enzyme coding region (si3D pol ) and 3’ untranslated region of CA24. Virus inhibition study by siRNA was done in Hep2 cells. Cytopathic effect, immunofluorescence assay, 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50), 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and virus copy number in Real-time PCR assays were used for the validation of virus inhibition potential of designed siRNA. Analysis of cumulative data reflected that si5U and si3D pol are highly efficient to stop CA24 propagation in Hep2 cells. Transfected Hep2 cells with any of these siRNA found refrained for CA24 infection in cell culture, immunofluorescence assay, TCID50 and Real Time PCR assay (p<0.05).
{"title":"Inhibition of Coxsackievirus A24 in permissive Hep2 cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA)","authors":"A. Mishra, G. Satpathy","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203042126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203042126","url":null,"abstract":"RNA interference is a sequence specific post transcriptional gene silencing mechanism which works through cleaving of nucleic acids by small RNA molecules of 19-21 mers. RNA interference tool found very effective to destroy the pathogenicity of several viruses. The molecular scissor activity of small interfering RNA (siRNA) was applied for inhibition of CoxsackievirusA24 (CA24), an Enterovirus of family Picornaviridae responsible for acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in humans. Four different siRNA molecules were used to target 5’ untranslated region (si5U), cis acting replication element of 2C (siCre), RNA dependent RNA polymerase enzyme coding region (si3D pol ) and 3’ untranslated region of CA24. Virus inhibition study by siRNA was done in Hep2 cells. Cytopathic effect, immunofluorescence assay, 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50), 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and virus copy number in Real-time PCR assays were used for the validation of virus inhibition potential of designed siRNA. Analysis of cumulative data reflected that si5U and si3D pol are highly efficient to stop CA24 propagation in Hep2 cells. Transfected Hep2 cells with any of these siRNA found refrained for CA24 infection in cell culture, immunofluorescence assay, TCID50 and Real Time PCR assay (p<0.05).","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90893986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skin prick test is one of the more important diagnostic tests against allergic diseases, it uses a synthesized allergic extracts from different allergens. In this study skin prick test was done on 83 allergic persons and 20 controls (54 male and 49 female). The test was done in the Allergic Clinic in the King Abdulaziz University Hospital with 9 different allergens which were isolated from Jeddah city. The used allergens were extract of 2 species of house dust mite, extract of house dust and extracts of 6 species of identified fungi. The extracts were used in the skin prick test and compared with the same commercial allergen extracts, imported from Omega company, Canada. The results revealed a significant difference between the two results and the Canadian extracts were better than the Saudi extracts. Conclusion: From the over mentioned results could concluded that the Saudi allergens able to be applied and gave the valuable results if compared with the imported Canadian allergens which isvery expensive using skin prick test. Also the Saudi allergens need more studies to standardize to give promising economic impact results.
{"title":"Studies on Skin Sensitivity to Various Allergens in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Using Skin Prick Test","authors":"Eman Beyari, Hussein A. Almehdar","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203023540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203023540","url":null,"abstract":"Skin prick test is one of the more important diagnostic tests against allergic diseases, it uses a synthesized allergic extracts from different allergens. In this study skin prick test was done on 83 allergic persons and 20 controls (54 male and 49 female). The test was done in the Allergic Clinic in the King Abdulaziz University Hospital with 9 different allergens which were isolated from Jeddah city. The used allergens were extract of 2 species of house dust mite, extract of house dust and extracts of 6 species of identified fungi. The extracts were used in the skin prick test and compared with the same commercial allergen extracts, imported from Omega company, Canada. The results revealed a significant difference between the two results and the Canadian extracts were better than the Saudi extracts. Conclusion: From the over mentioned results could concluded that the Saudi allergens able to be applied and gave the valuable results if compared with the imported Canadian allergens which isvery expensive using skin prick test. Also the Saudi allergens need more studies to standardize to give promising economic impact results.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88925947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plants have been the part of life forms even with the progenitors of man. Term “Ethnobotany” was coined to denote use of plants by human being.Ethnobotany deals with the direct relationship of plants with man. The term today has come to denote the entire realm of direct relationship between plant and man. Plants show enormous diversity in the form of Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms of which later are the most diversified plants. Present study focuses on ethnobotanical study of one of the largest family of Angiosperms, the family Leguminosae, of Raipur city area. Leguminosae include three subfamilies viz: Papilionoideae, Caesalpinoideae and Mimosoideae. The family has approximately 18,000 species grouped into around 650 genera with cosmopolitan distribution. During the study seasonal field survey has been made. Information about the plants were obtained by interviewing the common people and folk healers. During the study 8 plant species were found to be used as pulses, 2 plant species (Glycine max andArachis hypogea) as edible oil yielding plants, 9 plant species used in different socio religious ceremonies (eg. Butea monosperma, Acacia catechu,Prosopis cineraria, Acacia pycnthus, Vigna sps ), 7 plant species as vegetable (eg. Trigonellafoenum-graecum), 3 species as dye yielding plants (e.g. Butea monosperma), 26 plants used in traditional medicine (e.g Cassia occidentalis, Acacia concinna, Psoralea corylifolia, Dolichos biflorus, Mucuna pruriens), 7 plants species are Non-wood Forest Produces (NWFPs), (e.g. Acacia nilotica), 13 plants are used as timber yielding plants e.g. Dalbergia sissoo). Some are fodder plants (e.g. Leucaena leucophloea) and 2 plant species are used as tooth brush (e.gAcacia nilotica) and some plants yields fibre. Some Weeds of this family are used to increase the fertility of soil due to the capacity of nitrogen fixation eg. Aeshchynomene indica,and Lathyrus odoratus. Conservation practices of plants of this family have been observed during the present studies.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical Survey of Uses of Leguminosae in Raipur District","authors":"P. Dewangan, Acharya","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203021217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203021217","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have been the part of life forms even with the progenitors of man. Term “Ethnobotany” was coined to denote use of plants by human being.Ethnobotany deals with the direct relationship of plants with man. The term today has come to denote the entire realm of direct relationship between plant and man. Plants show enormous diversity in the form of Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms of which later are the most diversified plants. Present study focuses on ethnobotanical study of one of the largest family of Angiosperms, the family Leguminosae, of Raipur city area. Leguminosae include three subfamilies viz: Papilionoideae, Caesalpinoideae and Mimosoideae. The family has approximately 18,000 species grouped into around 650 genera with cosmopolitan distribution. During the study seasonal field survey has been made. Information about the plants were obtained by interviewing the common people and folk healers. During the study 8 plant species were found to be used as pulses, 2 plant species (Glycine max andArachis hypogea) as edible oil yielding plants, 9 plant species used in different socio religious ceremonies (eg. Butea monosperma, Acacia catechu,Prosopis cineraria, Acacia pycnthus, Vigna sps ), 7 plant species as vegetable (eg. Trigonellafoenum-graecum), 3 species as dye yielding plants (e.g. Butea monosperma), 26 plants used in traditional medicine (e.g Cassia occidentalis, Acacia concinna, Psoralea corylifolia, Dolichos biflorus, Mucuna pruriens), 7 plants species are Non-wood Forest Produces (NWFPs), (e.g. Acacia nilotica), 13 plants are used as timber yielding plants e.g. Dalbergia sissoo). Some are fodder plants (e.g. Leucaena leucophloea) and 2 plant species are used as tooth brush (e.gAcacia nilotica) and some plants yields fibre. Some Weeds of this family are used to increase the fertility of soil due to the capacity of nitrogen fixation eg. Aeshchynomene indica,and Lathyrus odoratus. Conservation practices of plants of this family have been observed during the present studies.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"137 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89148985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plate Tectonics and Reality","authors":"D. Mitra","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203013539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203013539","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88248397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramipril is an ACE inhibitor mainly used for management of mild to severe hypertension and myocardial infarction. The poor solubility and wettability of Ramipril leads to poor dissolution and hence showing variations in bioavailability.The present study is aimed to improve the physicochemical properties of the drug using solid dispersion [SD] techniques. Solid dispersions [SDs] of ramipril were prepared with different polymers or carriers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K25, PVP K30 and PVP K90), polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000 and PEG 6000) at three drug : carrier ratios (1:1), (1:2) and (1:3). Different methods such as melting and kneading methods were used. The formulations were characterized by X-Ray Diffractometry studies, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in vitro dissolution rate studies. In contrast to the slow dissolution rate of pure Ramipril, the dispersion of the drug in the PEG4000 or 6000 considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. Furthermore; Ramipril 10 mg immediate release tablets prepared in a ratio of 1:1 (drug: carrier) by the fusion method has been resulted in an acceptable dissolution results; 91% and 97% for ramiprilPEG4000 and ramipril-PEG6000 respectively.
{"title":"Enhancement of Dissolution Rate of Ramipril Tablets by Solid Dispersion Technique","authors":"A. M. Hay, S. Adawy","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203015562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203015562","url":null,"abstract":"Ramipril is an ACE inhibitor mainly used for management of mild to severe hypertension and myocardial infarction. The poor solubility and wettability of Ramipril leads to poor dissolution and hence showing variations in bioavailability.The present study is aimed to improve the physicochemical properties of the drug using solid dispersion [SD] techniques. Solid dispersions [SDs] of ramipril were prepared with different polymers or carriers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K25, PVP K30 and PVP K90), polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000 and PEG 6000) at three drug : carrier ratios (1:1), (1:2) and (1:3). Different methods such as melting and kneading methods were used. The formulations were characterized by X-Ray Diffractometry studies, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in vitro dissolution rate studies. In contrast to the slow dissolution rate of pure Ramipril, the dispersion of the drug in the PEG4000 or 6000 considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. Furthermore; Ramipril 10 mg immediate release tablets prepared in a ratio of 1:1 (drug: carrier) by the fusion method has been resulted in an acceptable dissolution results; 91% and 97% for ramiprilPEG4000 and ramipril-PEG6000 respectively.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79436706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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