Serratia marcescens was exposed to mutation for becoming better the production of prodigiosin (quantitatively and qualitatively) and examined it as antibacterial activities. One isolate of S.marcescen (Wild) was exposed to different kinds of antibiotics (Gentamycin 10μg/ml) to produce mutant isolates from S.marcescen and examined to produce prodigiosin. The isolate that produce the largest amount of prodigiosin among four isolates was used for more studies. Staphyllococcus Baciilus, E.coli, and Pseudomonas were exposed to prodigiosin for testing inhibiting activity of it against these bacterial strains.
{"title":"Betterment the production of prodigiosin that was produced from Serratia marcescen by means mutations.","authors":"H. Hasan","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203024145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203024145","url":null,"abstract":"Serratia marcescens was exposed to mutation for becoming better the production of prodigiosin (quantitatively and qualitatively) and examined it as antibacterial activities. One isolate of S.marcescen (Wild) was exposed to different kinds of antibiotics (Gentamycin 10μg/ml) to produce mutant isolates from S.marcescen and examined to produce prodigiosin. The isolate that produce the largest amount of prodigiosin among four isolates was used for more studies. Staphyllococcus Baciilus, E.coli, and Pseudomonas were exposed to prodigiosin for testing inhibiting activity of it against these bacterial strains.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89370806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evi Ristiana, M. Amin, S. Zubaidah, Mimien Heni Irawati Al Muhdar
This study aims to describe the problem solving ability of students in the subjects of General Biology. Learning model used culture-based prawn shrimp. Subjects in this study are students semester 1 majoring in biology education academic year 2014-2015 Muhammadiyah University of Makassar and the object of research is the ability problem-solving and student responses with a culture-based model of shrimp ponds. Data analysis techniques used are average, percentage and likert scale. The results of this study indicate that based on the average student problem solving ability after using the BTS model is 84.4 with excellent qualification. Recapitulation of student response indicate that from six statement there are dominant statement that strongly agree that statement of BTS teaching model motivate student to work in group, and two dominant statement agree that learning with BTS model can explore ability and train student problem solving. Students agree that learning with BTS model makes students more active and more memorable because in the model of learning BTS students construct knowledge independently. Keyword: Problem Solving, Culture-Based Learning Model of Tudang Sipulung.
{"title":"Improving Problem-Solving Ability Through Culture-Based Learning Model Of Tudang Sipulung","authors":"Evi Ristiana, M. Amin, S. Zubaidah, Mimien Heni Irawati Al Muhdar","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203031114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203031114","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to describe the problem solving ability of students in the subjects of General Biology. Learning model used culture-based prawn shrimp. Subjects in this study are students semester 1 majoring in biology education academic year 2014-2015 Muhammadiyah University of Makassar and the object of research is the ability problem-solving and student responses with a culture-based model of shrimp ponds. Data analysis techniques used are average, percentage and likert scale. The results of this study indicate that based on the average student problem solving ability after using the BTS model is 84.4 with excellent qualification. Recapitulation of student response indicate that from six statement there are dominant statement that strongly agree that statement of BTS teaching model motivate student to work in group, and two dominant statement agree that learning with BTS model can explore ability and train student problem solving. Students agree that learning with BTS model makes students more active and more memorable because in the model of learning BTS students construct knowledge independently. Keyword: Problem Solving, Culture-Based Learning Model of Tudang Sipulung.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90638045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esterase and lipase have been consisted of α/β hydroxylase super family that characterized primarily by their α/β hydroxylase fold (common fold), which is in the center, pre-dominantly parallel β-sheet and flanked via the connections of α-helical. Nucleophilic elbow is an esterases and lipases that shared the characteristic sequence motifs (GXSXG). The residues of these amino acids compose a triad of catalyse in the specific-order (serine – aspartic acid histidine) in the chain of polypeptide. Consequently, the most of lipases and esterases resemble serine-proteases and lipases in hydrolytic mechanism. Esterases (EC 3.1.1.1), as well as lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) are the versatile classes of biocatalysts. Due to their region-, enatio-selectivity and high specificity. Esterases are those that can catalyze the hydrolysis of short-acyl-chain-lengthed triglycerides less than 10, whereas, lipases are catalysts that can hydrolyze long-acyl-chain-lengthed triglycerides more than 10. Lipases applications can widely produce from a bacterial and fungal production. Lipases applications and their biotechnology significant are presented in different field such as medical biotechnology, detergent industries, organic synthesis, biodiesel production, agrochemical industries, flavor industries, and food industries.
{"title":"Lipases, Definition, and their Application","authors":"Waznah Moayd, Yunjun Yan","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203025560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203025560","url":null,"abstract":"Esterase and lipase have been consisted of α/β hydroxylase super family that characterized primarily by their α/β hydroxylase fold (common fold), which is in the center, pre-dominantly parallel β-sheet and flanked via the connections of α-helical. Nucleophilic elbow is an esterases and lipases that shared the characteristic sequence motifs (GXSXG). The residues of these amino acids compose a triad of catalyse in the specific-order (serine – aspartic acid histidine) in the chain of polypeptide. Consequently, the most of lipases and esterases resemble serine-proteases and lipases in hydrolytic mechanism. Esterases (EC 3.1.1.1), as well as lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) are the versatile classes of biocatalysts. Due to their region-, enatio-selectivity and high specificity. Esterases are those that can catalyze the hydrolysis of short-acyl-chain-lengthed triglycerides less than 10, whereas, lipases are catalysts that can hydrolyze long-acyl-chain-lengthed triglycerides more than 10. Lipases applications can widely produce from a bacterial and fungal production. Lipases applications and their biotechnology significant are presented in different field such as medical biotechnology, detergent industries, organic synthesis, biodiesel production, agrochemical industries, flavor industries, and food industries.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80825589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kauser, A. Haseena, Faheem Unnisa Begum, Taiyaba Fatima
In the present research work the gastro retentive floating matrix formulation of Venlaflaxine hydrochloride by using various hydrophillic polymers. Initially analytical method development was done for the drug molecule. Absorption maxima was determined based on that calibration curve was developed by using different concentrations. Gas generating agent sodium bicarbonate concentration was optimized. Then the formulation was developed by using different concentrations of polymers of various grades of HPMC and Guar gum. The formulation blend was subjected to various preformualation studies, flow properties and all the formulations were found to be good indicating that the powder blend has good flow properties. Among all the formulations the formulations prepared by using Guar gum were in the concentration of 120mg (F4) showed maximum drug release 99.76% in 12 hours with good floating lag time and duration of floating.The formulations prepared with HPMC K 15 M retarded the drug release up to 12 hours in the concentration of 120 mg (F8).The formulations prepared with HPMC K100M were also retarded the drug release for more than 12 hours. Hence they were not considered. The optimized formulation dissolution data was subjected to release kinetics; from the release kinetics data it was evident that the formulation followed peppas mechanism of drug release.
{"title":"Design and Characterization of Effervescent Gastro Retentive Floating Tablets by Using Venlafaxine Hcl as a Model Drug","authors":"A. Kauser, A. Haseena, Faheem Unnisa Begum, Taiyaba Fatima","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203020111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203020111","url":null,"abstract":"In the present research work the gastro retentive floating matrix formulation of Venlaflaxine hydrochloride by using various hydrophillic polymers. Initially analytical method development was done for the drug molecule. Absorption maxima was determined based on that calibration curve was developed by using different concentrations. Gas generating agent sodium bicarbonate concentration was optimized. Then the formulation was developed by using different concentrations of polymers of various grades of HPMC and Guar gum. The formulation blend was subjected to various preformualation studies, flow properties and all the formulations were found to be good indicating that the powder blend has good flow properties. Among all the formulations the formulations prepared by using Guar gum were in the concentration of 120mg (F4) showed maximum drug release 99.76% in 12 hours with good floating lag time and duration of floating.The formulations prepared with HPMC K 15 M retarded the drug release up to 12 hours in the concentration of 120 mg (F8).The formulations prepared with HPMC K100M were also retarded the drug release for more than 12 hours. Hence they were not considered. The optimized formulation dissolution data was subjected to release kinetics; from the release kinetics data it was evident that the formulation followed peppas mechanism of drug release.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"01-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89795543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Variations in plant or animal species, climatic conditions as well as processing methods affects the reproducibility, quality and quantity of natural or industrial raw materials. In the present study, Prosopis africana seed was hydrolysed using two distinct methods. In a separate study, the hydrolysates were found to be good sources of peptone for microbial cultures. The proximate analyses of contents of hydrolysates obtained from enzyme-hydrolysed or acid-hydrolysed seeds were determined. The seeds obtained from a local market were thoroughly cleaned and boiled until the seed coats were softened. The softened seed coats were manually removed to reveal the cotyledons, which were washed, dried and powdered. The powdered cotyledon was subjected to hydrolysis using the enzyme, papain, or hydrochloric acid. Proximate analysis of the hydrolysates was determined using standard methods. The results revealed that papain-hydrolysed seeds (PHP) and acidhydrolysed seeds (AHP) had moisture contents of 32.7 % and 83.3 %, respectively whereas the ash values were 3.05% and 0.15 %. Protein contents of PHP and AHP were 39.69 % and 12.78 % respectively. Crude fibre compositions were 2.01 % in PHP while AHP showed no presence of fibre. It was observed that methods of hydrolysis significantly affected the quality of Prosopis africana seed hydrolysates.
{"title":"Effect of Methods of Hydrolysis on the Composition of Prosopis Africana seed Hydrolysates","authors":"A. Onah, V. Okore","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203031720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203031720","url":null,"abstract":"Variations in plant or animal species, climatic conditions as well as processing methods affects the reproducibility, quality and quantity of natural or industrial raw materials. In the present study, Prosopis africana seed was hydrolysed using two distinct methods. In a separate study, the hydrolysates were found to be good sources of peptone for microbial cultures. The proximate analyses of contents of hydrolysates obtained from enzyme-hydrolysed or acid-hydrolysed seeds were determined. The seeds obtained from a local market were thoroughly cleaned and boiled until the seed coats were softened. The softened seed coats were manually removed to reveal the cotyledons, which were washed, dried and powdered. The powdered cotyledon was subjected to hydrolysis using the enzyme, papain, or hydrochloric acid. Proximate analysis of the hydrolysates was determined using standard methods. The results revealed that papain-hydrolysed seeds (PHP) and acidhydrolysed seeds (AHP) had moisture contents of 32.7 % and 83.3 %, respectively whereas the ash values were 3.05% and 0.15 %. Protein contents of PHP and AHP were 39.69 % and 12.78 % respectively. Crude fibre compositions were 2.01 % in PHP while AHP showed no presence of fibre. It was observed that methods of hydrolysis significantly affected the quality of Prosopis africana seed hydrolysates.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79042473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed to monitor oral zinc sulfate role on local cervical proinflammatory cytokines in HPV-infected women comparing with these cytokines before treatment application. A cervical secretion got from 28 infected women before and after treatment with zinc sulfate, these samples assessed various markers of inflammation including interleukin-1β, IL-8, and IL-12. Results manifested that improve and clear the cervical HPV infections after three months of zinc treatment 46.43% and 21.43%, respectively. Viral infections with single and multiple HPV high-risk types are raising of studied cytokines after 3-month compared with single HPV low-risk type. Moreover, this increasing was statistically significant only in IL-12 and IL-1. Women more than 30 years and with multiple HPV genotypes are the most benefit of zinc treatment had a high level of cytokines. This study concludes that IL-1 and IL-12 secretion are the most effects with zinc treatment at over three months to improve mild HPV infection with good hygiene.
{"title":"Effect of Oral Zinc Sulfate on Local Inflammatory Cytokines Level in Iraqi Women Infected With Human Papillomavirus (HPV)","authors":"H. Fadhil, I. Aufi, R. Aboud, F. Tuma","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203011417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203011417","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to monitor oral zinc sulfate role on local cervical proinflammatory cytokines in HPV-infected women comparing with these cytokines before treatment application. A cervical secretion got from 28 infected women before and after treatment with zinc sulfate, these samples assessed various markers of inflammation including interleukin-1β, IL-8, and IL-12. Results manifested that improve and clear the cervical HPV infections after three months of zinc treatment 46.43% and 21.43%, respectively. Viral infections with single and multiple HPV high-risk types are raising of studied cytokines after 3-month compared with single HPV low-risk type. Moreover, this increasing was statistically significant only in IL-12 and IL-1. Women more than 30 years and with multiple HPV genotypes are the most benefit of zinc treatment had a high level of cytokines. This study concludes that IL-1 and IL-12 secretion are the most effects with zinc treatment at over three months to improve mild HPV infection with good hygiene.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"07 1","pages":"14-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86081864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study the long-term effect of omeprazole was determined by measuring some hematological parameters .Three groups of laboratory rats were taken each group (6) individual, the first groups was the control, second and third were given the drug with a dose of 20 and 40 respectively for three consecutive months. There are significant effects at (p˃0.05) in all parameters which include white and red blood cells counts(WBC and RBC), Hemoglobin concentration(Hb) and the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes in both treated groups(the effect is significant for both doses) compared with control, That is, there was a clear effect of omeprazole on the blood picture.
{"title":"The Effect of Omeprazole Drug on the Blood Picture of Laboratory Rat Rattus Norvegicus","authors":"S. Jassim, A. M. Hussin","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203045659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203045659","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study the long-term effect of omeprazole was determined by measuring some hematological parameters .Three groups of laboratory rats were taken each group (6) individual, the first groups was the control, second and third were given the drug with a dose of 20 and 40 respectively for three consecutive months. There are significant effects at (p˃0.05) in all parameters which include white and red blood cells counts(WBC and RBC), Hemoglobin concentration(Hb) and the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes in both treated groups(the effect is significant for both doses) compared with control, That is, there was a clear effect of omeprazole on the blood picture.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":"56-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90724599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infectious diseases represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality among the populations, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies have been motivated to develop new antimicrobial drugs in the recent years especially due to the constant emergence of microorganisms resistant to conventional antimicrobials. The current study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of some essential oils (EOs) against multidrug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of 15 K. pneumoniae isolates was performed against 14 antibiotics and 14 essential oils. The effect of the most potent EO against the chosen isolate regarding some virulence factors and DNA fragmentation was studied. Among all the tested antibacterial agents, MEO was the most effective one. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of MEO revealed that, terpinen-4-ol was the major constituent followed by γ-terpinene. Treatment using MEO led to a significant reduction in biofilm formation, complete killing within 4 hours, change in membrane permeability and reduction of capsular layer of the tested cells. Also, 2 MIC of MEO caused the highest damage of bacterial DNA. This study strongly suggests that MEO possesses antibacterial properties and induces DNA degradation. These results were correlated with chemical composition of the tested oil. Key Words; Antimicrobial resistance; Essential oils; Biofilm formation; DNA fragmentationn
{"title":"Impact of Marjoram (Origanum marjorana L.) Essential Oil on Some Virulence Factors and DNA Integrity of Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Y. El-TablawyS., E. Araby","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203016371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203016371","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality among the populations, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies have been motivated to develop new antimicrobial drugs in the recent years especially due to the constant emergence of microorganisms resistant to conventional antimicrobials. The current study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of some essential oils (EOs) against multidrug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of 15 K. pneumoniae isolates was performed against 14 antibiotics and 14 essential oils. The effect of the most potent EO against the chosen isolate regarding some virulence factors and DNA fragmentation was studied. Among all the tested antibacterial agents, MEO was the most effective one. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of MEO revealed that, terpinen-4-ol was the major constituent followed by γ-terpinene. Treatment using MEO led to a significant reduction in biofilm formation, complete killing within 4 hours, change in membrane permeability and reduction of capsular layer of the tested cells. Also, 2 MIC of MEO caused the highest damage of bacterial DNA. This study strongly suggests that MEO possesses antibacterial properties and induces DNA degradation. These results were correlated with chemical composition of the tested oil. Key Words; Antimicrobial resistance; Essential oils; Biofilm formation; DNA fragmentationn","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83965544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heteroside-321 Hepatoregeneration Activity In Cases Of Hepatitis Inducted By Local Hyperthermia","authors":"Kabachnyy V.I, A. V. Kabachnaya","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203045155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203045155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77197147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Keerthana, Vijay Jagadeesh Kakimani, N. Reddy, K. Chandrasekhar, D. Ranganayakulu
Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare syndrome which is characterized by low back pain, unilateral or bilateral sciatica, motor weakness of lower extremities, saddle anesthesia, bowel and bladder dysfunction and occasionally paraplegia—resulting from compression of the cauda equina. It can be caused by herniated disc, tumor, infection, fracture, or narrowing of spinal cord. It can be described in two forms based on the onset of signs and symptoms. if symptoms appear within 24hours then it is acute in onset and if patient develop symptoms after several weeks or months then it is gradual in onset. The sooner it can be diagnosed, the better chance the patient makes a better recovery from symptoms of nerve damage. It generally requires prompt surgical decompression in order to decrease or eliminate pressure on the affected nerves. surgical decompression is advocated as soon as possible, within about 8 hours of the onset of symptoms if symptoms develop suddenly. If patients with cauda equina syndrome do not receive treatment quickly, adverse results can include paralysis, impaired bladder, and/or bowel control, difficulty walking, and/or other neurological and physical problems.
{"title":"Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"T. Keerthana, Vijay Jagadeesh Kakimani, N. Reddy, K. Chandrasekhar, D. Ranganayakulu","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203031516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203031516","url":null,"abstract":"Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare syndrome which is characterized by low back pain, unilateral or bilateral sciatica, motor weakness of lower extremities, saddle anesthesia, bowel and bladder dysfunction and occasionally paraplegia—resulting from compression of the cauda equina. It can be caused by herniated disc, tumor, infection, fracture, or narrowing of spinal cord. It can be described in two forms based on the onset of signs and symptoms. if symptoms appear within 24hours then it is acute in onset and if patient develop symptoms after several weeks or months then it is gradual in onset. The sooner it can be diagnosed, the better chance the patient makes a better recovery from symptoms of nerve damage. It generally requires prompt surgical decompression in order to decrease or eliminate pressure on the affected nerves. surgical decompression is advocated as soon as possible, within about 8 hours of the onset of symptoms if symptoms develop suddenly. If patients with cauda equina syndrome do not receive treatment quickly, adverse results can include paralysis, impaired bladder, and/or bowel control, difficulty walking, and/or other neurological and physical problems.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"15-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82419209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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