Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.266957.1243
Seyedeh Shima Ashraf-Talesh, A. Amniattalab
Testicular torsion and detorsion are important clinical problems for infertility in men. In fact, torsion of the spermatic cord is an emergency that results from the rotation of the testis and epididymis around the axis of the spermatic cord. Male factor infertility accounts for up to half of all cases of infertility and affects one man in 20 in the general population. Using a rat testis model, effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (NCER) were studied on ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were used. The animals were subjected to three experimental groups (n = 6): Group Sham: Only laparotomy was performed. Group IS/REP: A 3- hour ischemia and 3-hour reperfusion were performed. Group IS/REP/NCER: The procedure included 3-hour ischemia, 3-hour reperfusion, and 20 µL (0.3 mmol/lit) of NCER 30 min before the cessation of ischemia. Significantly amended development of ischemia/reperfusion tissue injury was observed in animals treated with NCER compared to those of other groups (p = 0.001). Mean values of histomorphometric indices were significantly more improved than those observed for other groups (p = 0.001). Where testicular tissue is exposed to ischemia intraperitoneal administration of NCER could bear clinical benefits in diminishing ischemia-reperfusion injury.
{"title":"Histopathologic Evaluation of Intraperitoneal Administration of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rat Testicular Torsion and Detorsion Model","authors":"Seyedeh Shima Ashraf-Talesh, A. Amniattalab","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.266957.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.266957.1243","url":null,"abstract":"Testicular torsion and detorsion are important clinical problems for infertility in men. In fact, torsion of the spermatic cord is an emergency that results from the rotation of the testis and epididymis around the axis of the spermatic cord. Male factor infertility accounts for up to half of all cases of infertility and affects one man in 20 in the general population. Using a rat testis model, effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (NCER) were studied on ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were used. The animals were subjected to three experimental groups (n = 6): Group Sham: Only laparotomy was performed. Group IS/REP: A 3- hour ischemia and 3-hour reperfusion were performed. Group IS/REP/NCER: The procedure included 3-hour ischemia, 3-hour reperfusion, and 20 µL (0.3 mmol/lit) of NCER 30 min before the cessation of ischemia. Significantly amended development of ischemia/reperfusion tissue injury was observed in animals treated with NCER compared to those of other groups (p = 0.001). Mean values of histomorphometric indices were significantly more improved than those observed for other groups (p = 0.001). Where testicular tissue is exposed to ischemia intraperitoneal administration of NCER could bear clinical benefits in diminishing ischemia-reperfusion injury.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"84-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42449423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.285712.1257
H. Mohyeddin, R. Sedaghat, A. Zakian, A. Raisi, Pooran Mohammadi, Faraz Fathi
Cancer is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. It is found in animals as well as humans. There are many different types of cancer that are found in animals, symptoms are often similar to those in people. An 8-year-old male donkey was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital and examined for cylinder-like dense mass that was found on the top of the cervical region and extended from the dorsal part of the base of the ears to withers. Radiographic evaluation of the cervical region was demonstrated that the mass was well-demarcated soft tissue opacity in dorsal cervical vertebrae. Ultrasonographic experimentation display a well circumscribe hyperechoic triangular shape mass with fat echogenicity in the sagittal plane without any vascularization. Surgical exploration of the mass indicated fusiform to cylindrical, well-demarcated, and soft tissue in yellow color. The microscopic finding showed that the tumor cells were identical to those in normal fat tissue and massive vacuoles exchange the cytoplasm with peripheralization of the nuclei. Necrosis and inflammation were not observed, while, dystrophic calcification and fibrosis were detected. Based on the aforesaid macro-, microscopic and histopathologic findings, Lipoma was recognized. Nevertheless, no treatment was performed for this case due to the large volume of the mass.
{"title":"Cervical Intramuscular Lipoma in a donkey (Equus asinus)- a case report","authors":"H. Mohyeddin, R. Sedaghat, A. Zakian, A. Raisi, Pooran Mohammadi, Faraz Fathi","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.285712.1257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.285712.1257","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. It is found in animals as well as humans. There are many different types of cancer that are found in animals, symptoms are often similar to those in people. An 8-year-old male donkey was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital and examined for cylinder-like dense mass that was found on the top of the cervical region and extended from the dorsal part of the base of the ears to withers. Radiographic evaluation of the cervical region was demonstrated that the mass was well-demarcated soft tissue opacity in dorsal cervical vertebrae. Ultrasonographic experimentation display a well circumscribe hyperechoic triangular shape mass with fat echogenicity in the sagittal plane without any vascularization. Surgical exploration of the mass indicated fusiform to cylindrical, well-demarcated, and soft tissue in yellow color. The microscopic finding showed that the tumor cells were identical to those in normal fat tissue and massive vacuoles exchange the cytoplasm with peripheralization of the nuclei. Necrosis and inflammation were not observed, while, dystrophic calcification and fibrosis were detected. Based on the aforesaid macro-, microscopic and histopathologic findings, Lipoma was recognized. Nevertheless, no treatment was performed for this case due to the large volume of the mass.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42880014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.258525.1232
Aida Golmohammadii, Abdolrasoul Namjou, E. Heidarian
This study investigated the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of licorice root on the healing of surgical gastric ulcers in rats. For this experimental study, thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were prepared, and first, a 16 mm incision was made in the greater curvature of the stomach, and then it was sutured in a single layer. The rats were then randomly distributed into three groups (n=12), a control group, and two other groups, which were treated with licorice hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg orally via gavage once daily for 21 consecutive days. Wound healing among the groups was compared and a determination was made for the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and serum antioxidant capacity. The mean rank of histopathological evaluation on the twentieth day after surgery showed a significant difference between the three groups. The difference in mean rank showed a significant increase between the group of rats treated with the extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg compared to the control group. The amount of MDA in the control group showed a significant increase compared to the groups treated with the extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg. Serum antioxidant capacity in the experimental group treated with extracts showed a significant increase in comparison with the control group. The results of this study showed that lipid peroxidation in a gastrotomy rat treated with licorice root hydroalcoholic extract decreased with a marked increase in antioxidant activity and subsequently accelerated the healing process of the gastric surgery site.
{"title":"Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Licorice Root (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) on Wound Healing of Gastrotomized Male Wistar Rats: Histopathological Changes","authors":"Aida Golmohammadii, Abdolrasoul Namjou, E. Heidarian","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.258525.1232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.258525.1232","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of licorice root on the healing of surgical gastric ulcers in rats. For this experimental study, thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were prepared, and first, a 16 mm incision was made in the greater curvature of the stomach, and then it was sutured in a single layer. The rats were then randomly distributed into three groups (n=12), a control group, and two other groups, which were treated with licorice hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg orally via gavage once daily for 21 consecutive days. Wound healing among the groups was compared and a determination was made for the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and serum antioxidant capacity. The mean rank of histopathological evaluation on the twentieth day after surgery showed a significant difference between the three groups. The difference in mean rank showed a significant increase between the group of rats treated with the extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg compared to the control group. The amount of MDA in the control group showed a significant increase compared to the groups treated with the extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg. Serum antioxidant capacity in the experimental group treated with extracts showed a significant increase in comparison with the control group. The results of this study showed that lipid peroxidation in a gastrotomy rat treated with licorice root hydroalcoholic extract decreased with a marked increase in antioxidant activity and subsequently accelerated the healing process of the gastric surgery site.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44088282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.272674.1250
N. Kiliç
There has not been any report about the use of the Alfaxan-CD(R) in common buzzard. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Alfaxan-CD(R) as an intravenous anesthetic agent for inducing anesthesia in the common buzzard and describe some of its clinical pharmacological effects. Eight healthy adult common buzzards (Buteo buteo) of unknown sex, weighing 750–1000 grams, kept in captivity at the Dilek Peninsula National Park located in Aydin, Turkey, and appropriately fed (i.e.: rats, mice, rabbits, and day-old chicks) were included in this study. Birds were given alfaxalone (10 mg/kg, by 2-4 mg/kg boluses) intravenously. Variables measured before, and 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 90 minutes after induction were the followings: heart rate (HR, beats/min), respiratory rate (RR, breaths/min), cloacal temperature (CT), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), ionized calcium (iCa++), arterial pH (pHa), arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) and base excess (BE). All buzzards survived the alfaxalone anesthesia. In this study, alfaxalone provided excellent muscle relaxation and a moderate level of anesthesia. Buzzards given alfaxalone developed primary respiratory acidosis. Base excess and HCO3 were within the reference range and did not significantly change, indicating a primary respiratory acidosis without metabolic component. All physiologic parameters, except cloacal temperature, returned to approximate baseline values at recovery after anesthesia with alfaxalone. This study indicated that alfaxalone produced good to excellent anesthesia in buzzards, characterized by rapid induction of anesthesia, excellent muscle relaxation, unresponsiveness to noxious stimuli, and smooth, uneventful recovery from anesthesia. Hypoventilation and apnea were uncommon at clinically relevant doses but became the most important adverse effects when larger doses were administered rapidly IV.
{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Alfaxalone in Cyclodextrin as an Intravenous Anesthetic in the Common Buzzards (Buteo buteo)","authors":"N. Kiliç","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.272674.1250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.272674.1250","url":null,"abstract":"There has not been any report about the use of the Alfaxan-CD(R) in common buzzard. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Alfaxan-CD(R) as an intravenous anesthetic agent for inducing anesthesia in the common buzzard and describe some of its clinical pharmacological effects. Eight healthy adult common buzzards (Buteo buteo) of unknown sex, weighing 750–1000 grams, kept in captivity at the Dilek Peninsula National Park located in Aydin, Turkey, and appropriately fed (i.e.: rats, mice, rabbits, and day-old chicks) were included in this study. Birds were given alfaxalone (10 mg/kg, by 2-4 mg/kg boluses) intravenously. Variables measured before, and 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 90 minutes after induction were the followings: heart rate (HR, beats/min), respiratory rate (RR, breaths/min), cloacal temperature (CT), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), ionized calcium (iCa++), arterial pH (pHa), arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) and base excess (BE). All buzzards survived the alfaxalone anesthesia. In this study, alfaxalone provided excellent muscle relaxation and a moderate level of anesthesia. Buzzards given alfaxalone developed primary respiratory acidosis. Base excess and HCO3 were within the reference range and did not significantly change, indicating a primary respiratory acidosis without metabolic component. All physiologic parameters, except cloacal temperature, returned to approximate baseline values at recovery after anesthesia with alfaxalone. This study indicated that alfaxalone produced good to excellent anesthesia in buzzards, characterized by rapid induction of anesthesia, excellent muscle relaxation, unresponsiveness to noxious stimuli, and smooth, uneventful recovery from anesthesia. Hypoventilation and apnea were uncommon at clinically relevant doses but became the most important adverse effects when larger doses were administered rapidly IV.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43944081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.274748.1252
M. Basaki, D. Kianifard, Seyed Maysam Mousavi-Shoar
Methylphenidate (MPH) and nicotine (NCT) have deleterious effects on testicular tissue, individually. Methylphenidate intake could increase the tendency to use NCT. In this study, the possible synergistic effects of MPH and NCTon the intensity of structural and functional changes of testicular tissue were evaluated using experimental animal study. Eighty male mature Wistar rats were used. MPH (5 and 10 mg/kg, IP) and NCT (2 and 4 mg/kg, IP) were administrated individually (MPH or NCT) or simultaneously (MPH + NCT) to eight treated groups of adult rats (n = 10/group) once a day for eight weeks. After the recording of body and testicular weight, the plasma level of pituitary gonadotropins, testosterone, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as lipid peroxidation index were measured. Also, testes samples were prepared for tissue lipid peroxidation assay, histomorphology, immunohistochemistry of p53 protein, and electron microscopy. Moreover, sperm analysis was performed on cauda epididymis. There was not any significant difference in initial and final body weight between groups. Testicular weight and testicular to body weight ratio were reduced in treated groups. LH, Testosterone, and plasma and tissue MDA were increased and FSH decreased dose-dependently in the most treated groups. Most of the histomorphometric, cell population, and sperm analysis parameters were decreased in treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. The light and electron micrographs showed various alterations in testicular tissue which were more obvious in higher doses of NCT or MPH and NCT + MPH groups. Immunostaining of testicular tissue revealed upregulation of p53 in treated groups, particularly in NCT + MPH groups. The results of this study showed that simultaneous administration of NCT and MPH could induce more alterations in the structure and function of testicular tissue compared to their individual administration.
{"title":"Alterations in Rat’s Testicular Structure and Function following Simultaneous Administration of Nicotine and Methylphenidate: An in Vitro Dose-Response Study","authors":"M. Basaki, D. Kianifard, Seyed Maysam Mousavi-Shoar","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.274748.1252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.274748.1252","url":null,"abstract":"Methylphenidate (MPH) and nicotine (NCT) have deleterious effects on testicular tissue, individually. Methylphenidate intake could increase the tendency to use NCT. In this study, the possible synergistic effects of MPH and NCTon the intensity of structural and functional changes of testicular tissue were evaluated using experimental animal study. Eighty male mature Wistar rats were used. MPH (5 and 10 mg/kg, IP) and NCT (2 and 4 mg/kg, IP) were administrated individually (MPH or NCT) or simultaneously (MPH + NCT) to eight treated groups of adult rats (n = 10/group) once a day for eight weeks. After the recording of body and testicular weight, the plasma level of pituitary gonadotropins, testosterone, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as lipid peroxidation index were measured. Also, testes samples were prepared for tissue lipid peroxidation assay, histomorphology, immunohistochemistry of p53 protein, and electron microscopy. Moreover, sperm analysis was performed on cauda epididymis. There was not any significant difference in initial and final body weight between groups. Testicular weight and testicular to body weight ratio were reduced in treated groups. LH, Testosterone, and plasma and tissue MDA were increased and FSH decreased dose-dependently in the most treated groups. Most of the histomorphometric, cell population, and sperm analysis parameters were decreased in treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. The light and electron micrographs showed various alterations in testicular tissue which were more obvious in higher doses of NCT or MPH and NCT + MPH groups. Immunostaining of testicular tissue revealed upregulation of p53 in treated groups, particularly in NCT + MPH groups. The results of this study showed that simultaneous administration of NCT and MPH could induce more alterations in the structure and function of testicular tissue compared to their individual administration.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":"56-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46712031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.266540.1242
Atie Kheirolahi, M. Pedram, A. Tavakoli, S. Soroori, H. Tavakoli, Iman Asheghian-Amiri, Hosein Ashegh, Mohammad Yasan Bangash, M. Mokhber-Dezfouli
Pyloric stenosis is an uncommon but important gastric outflow disease. Heineke-Mikulicz (H-M) pyloroplasty is one of the pyloroplasty techniques used for the treatment of such diseases. A laparoscopic pyloroplasty is an effective and preferred alternative technique to conventional surgeries. This study aims to compare the duration of surgery, surgical stress level measurement, and postoperative pain in laparoscopic H-M pyloroplasty in normal dogs with a conventional pyloroplasty technique. Eight intact adult mixed breed dogs (5 females and 3 males) were used in this study. Animals were randomly divided into two groups of conventional open (n = 4) and laparoscopic (n = 4) H-M pyloroplasty. Blood glucose concentration, plasma cortisol level, as well as pyloric features including a pyloric lumen, pyloric diameter, pyloric width with ultrasonography, and gastric emptying time with contrast radiography and the University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS) value, were measured in both groups. The mean operation time in the laparoscopic group was longer than that of the conventional group (55.00 ± 15.00 vs. 35.00 ± 4.56 min); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Blood glucose concentration in the laparoscopic group elevated rapidly until 3 hours after the operation and then decreased in 24 hours while blood glucose concentration in the conventional group slowly increased until 24 hours. The UMPS value at 3 hours after conventional H-M pyloroplasty was higher than that of laparoscopic H-M pyloroplasty (19.25 ± 0.75 vs. 6.50 ± 0.96, p < 0.001). Gastric emptying time significantly decreased in both groups. According to the results, in addition to reducing pain and stress, laparoscopic H-M pyloroplasty decreased gastric emptying time in all patients with no morbidity and appears to be a less invasive alternative technique for the management of gastric outflow disease.
{"title":"Duration, Stress, and Pain Evaluation of Laparoscopic versus Conventional Heineke-Mikulicz Pyloroplasty","authors":"Atie Kheirolahi, M. Pedram, A. Tavakoli, S. Soroori, H. Tavakoli, Iman Asheghian-Amiri, Hosein Ashegh, Mohammad Yasan Bangash, M. Mokhber-Dezfouli","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.266540.1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.266540.1242","url":null,"abstract":"Pyloric stenosis is an uncommon but important gastric outflow disease. Heineke-Mikulicz (H-M) pyloroplasty is one of the pyloroplasty techniques used for the treatment of such diseases. A laparoscopic pyloroplasty is an effective and preferred alternative technique to conventional surgeries. This study aims to compare the duration of surgery, surgical stress level measurement, and postoperative pain in laparoscopic H-M pyloroplasty in normal dogs with a conventional pyloroplasty technique. Eight intact adult mixed breed dogs (5 females and 3 males) were used in this study. Animals were randomly divided into two groups of conventional open (n = 4) and laparoscopic (n = 4) H-M pyloroplasty. Blood glucose concentration, plasma cortisol level, as well as pyloric features including a pyloric lumen, pyloric diameter, pyloric width with ultrasonography, and gastric emptying time with contrast radiography and the University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS) value, were measured in both groups. The mean operation time in the laparoscopic group was longer than that of the conventional group (55.00 ± 15.00 vs. 35.00 ± 4.56 min); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Blood glucose concentration in the laparoscopic group elevated rapidly until 3 hours after the operation and then decreased in 24 hours while blood glucose concentration in the conventional group slowly increased until 24 hours. The UMPS value at 3 hours after conventional H-M pyloroplasty was higher than that of laparoscopic H-M pyloroplasty (19.25 ± 0.75 vs. 6.50 ± 0.96, p < 0.001). Gastric emptying time significantly decreased in both groups. According to the results, in addition to reducing pain and stress, laparoscopic H-M pyloroplasty decreased gastric emptying time in all patients with no morbidity and appears to be a less invasive alternative technique for the management of gastric outflow disease.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":"41-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45347827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.264705.1241
Parya Naserzadeh, S. Azizi, A. Tukmachi
The objective of the present study was to evaluate systemic and local effects of cefepime alone and/or in combination with vancomycin in the prevention of experimentally implanted Dacron and ePTFE vascular grafts infected with Staphylococcus aureus in rat. Ninety healthy adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of 45 animals each. Then, each group was subdivided into nine subgroups of 5 animals each. Following anesthesia, in each rat one cm2, sterile Dacron or ePTFE graft was implanted aseptically into dorso-lumbar subcutaneous pocket. The grafts were infected by inoculation of one ml of (5 × 107 CFU/ml) Staphylococcus aureus suspension. The rats received vancomycin or cefepime locally, intraperitoneally, or in combinations. The grafts were removed seven days after implantation and evaluated by quantitative culture. Combinations of cefepime with vancomycin resulted in enhanced efficiency of antibiotics in bacterial growth inhibition. Local vancomycin was more effective than local cefepime in the reduction of graft contamination. A combination of intraperitoneal vancomycin, as well as local cefepime, was more effective than a combination of intraperitoneal cefepime as well as intraperitoneal vancomycin in the Dacron group. Local vancomycin-intraperitoneal cefepime combination could be suggested to prevent Dacron and ePTFE vascular graft infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Local treatment alone, vancomycin for Dacron graft and cefepime for ePTFE graft, and intraperitoneal treatment alone, vancomycin for ePTFE graft, could also be suggested.
{"title":"Efficacy of Cefepime and Vancomycin in Prevention of Dacron and ePTFE Vascular Grafts Infected with Staphylococcus aureus: A Rat Subcutaneous Model","authors":"Parya Naserzadeh, S. Azizi, A. Tukmachi","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.264705.1241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.264705.1241","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to evaluate systemic and local effects of cefepime alone and/or in combination with vancomycin in the prevention of experimentally implanted Dacron and ePTFE vascular grafts infected with Staphylococcus aureus in rat. Ninety healthy adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of 45 animals each. Then, each group was subdivided into nine subgroups of 5 animals each. Following anesthesia, in each rat one cm2, sterile Dacron or ePTFE graft was implanted aseptically into dorso-lumbar subcutaneous pocket. The grafts were infected by inoculation of one ml of (5 × 107 CFU/ml) Staphylococcus aureus suspension. The rats received vancomycin or cefepime locally, intraperitoneally, or in combinations. The grafts were removed seven days after implantation and evaluated by quantitative culture. Combinations of cefepime with vancomycin resulted in enhanced efficiency of antibiotics in bacterial growth inhibition. Local vancomycin was more effective than local cefepime in the reduction of graft contamination. A combination of intraperitoneal vancomycin, as well as local cefepime, was more effective than a combination of intraperitoneal cefepime as well as intraperitoneal vancomycin in the Dacron group. Local vancomycin-intraperitoneal cefepime combination could be suggested to prevent Dacron and ePTFE vascular graft infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Local treatment alone, vancomycin for Dacron graft and cefepime for ePTFE graft, and intraperitoneal treatment alone, vancomycin for ePTFE graft, could also be suggested.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41374328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2020.248630.1227
R. Alizadeh, M. Shojaei
Epididymal agenesis is described as the complete or partial lack of the epididymis. In this paper, a two-year-old Pekingese dog with epididymal agenesis is reported during routine castration. The dog was presented to a private pet hospital for conventional castration. Anatomically unilateral epididymal agenesis was observed during orchiectomy. Also, pathologically segmental unilateral epididymal agenesis and atrophy of testis were implied. The dog was neutered. Epididymal agenesis is a highly rare phenomenon in all breeding dogs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of epididymal agenesis in small breeding dogs. This kind of animal should not use for breeding programs and practitioners pay attention to this anomaly while encountered infertility in dogs.
{"title":"Segmental Unilateral Epididymal Agenesis in a Two Years Old Pekingese","authors":"R. Alizadeh, M. Shojaei","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2020.248630.1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2020.248630.1227","url":null,"abstract":"Epididymal agenesis is described as the complete or partial lack of the epididymis. In this paper, a two-year-old Pekingese dog with epididymal agenesis is reported during routine castration. The dog was presented to a private pet hospital for conventional castration. Anatomically unilateral epididymal agenesis was observed during orchiectomy. Also, pathologically segmental unilateral epididymal agenesis and atrophy of testis were implied. The dog was neutered. Epididymal agenesis is a highly rare phenomenon in all breeding dogs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of epididymal agenesis in small breeding dogs. This kind of animal should not use for breeding programs and practitioners pay attention to this anomaly while encountered infertility in dogs.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":"68-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47889479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-28DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.274875.1254
M. Ahmadnejad, V. Najarnezhad, S. Hashemi-Asl, R. Mohammadi
Meningocele is a congenital defect that defined as a herniation of dura through the defect of cranial bone (cranium bifidum) with an accumulation of CSF in it. This anomaly has been described in calf, lamb, foal, piglet, dog and cat. Etiology of meningocele is unknown but genetic and environmental factors may cause meningocele in lambs. A seven-day-old female Kurdish lamb with a congenital mass (8 cm in diameter) in the caudal part of its head was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Urmia University. The lamb was lateral recumbent and the vital signs were in normal range. Symptoms of pain and paddling revealed while manipulating the mass. The fluid obtained from the mass was examined under a microscope and showed no signs of bacteria or inflammatory cells. Total serum protein was 8.9 g/dL and mean platelet volume (MPV) was 2.5 fl and other blood parameters were normal. In radiography, there was a bone defect in skull and congenital cranium bifidum and meningocele confirmed. The meningocele mass removed with surgery and the skin were stitched. The clinical condition of the lamb did not improve after surgery. The lamb had died 5 days after surgery. This report presents the clinical findings and radiographs of cranium bifidum in a Kurdish lamb. The prognosis for surgical treatment is poor in cases where the animal has not been able to stand and suckle since birth.
{"title":"Cranium Bifidum and Meningocele in the Caudal Aspect of a Lamb Head","authors":"M. Ahmadnejad, V. Najarnezhad, S. Hashemi-Asl, R. Mohammadi","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.274875.1254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.274875.1254","url":null,"abstract":"Meningocele is a congenital defect that defined as a herniation of dura through the defect of cranial bone (cranium bifidum) with an accumulation of CSF in it. This anomaly has been described in calf, lamb, foal, piglet, dog and cat. Etiology of meningocele is unknown but genetic and environmental factors may cause meningocele in lambs. A seven-day-old female Kurdish lamb with a congenital mass (8 cm in diameter) in the caudal part of its head was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Urmia University. The lamb was lateral recumbent and the vital signs were in normal range. Symptoms of pain and paddling revealed while manipulating the mass. The fluid obtained from the mass was examined under a microscope and showed no signs of bacteria or inflammatory cells. Total serum protein was 8.9 g/dL and mean platelet volume (MPV) was 2.5 fl and other blood parameters were normal. In radiography, there was a bone defect in skull and congenital cranium bifidum and meningocele confirmed. The meningocele mass removed with surgery and the skin were stitched. The clinical condition of the lamb did not improve after surgery. The lamb had died 5 days after surgery. This report presents the clinical findings and radiographs of cranium bifidum in a Kurdish lamb. The prognosis for surgical treatment is poor in cases where the animal has not been able to stand and suckle since birth.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42607390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-28DOI: 10.30500/IVSA.2021.275445.1255
M. Ahmadnejad, F. Rezazadeh
Maggot therapy is the use of sterile fly larvae in the treatment of superficial wounds in humans and animals. Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae are most commonly used for this purpose. Nowadays, larval therapy is widely used in the treatment of diabetic and infectious human wounds. Larval therapy in veterinary medicine has been used in dogs, cats, horses, and even ruminants. A 5-year-old crossbreed (Arabian and Kurdish) stallion was referred to a Veterinary Private Sector in Tabriz city that suffered from a necrotic wound on its forelimb skin following a snakebite injury. The owner had seen the snake in the horse stable. Skin necrosis was observed on the dorsal of the right forelimb which extended to the ventral of the adjacent neck and chest. Despite this extensive skin injury, the horse was alert with a normal appetite and no sign of lameness was detected. Intravenous fluid therapy, systemic anti-inflammatory, and antibiotics were used for the horse's general condition support and topical oxytetracycline and zinc oxide but had no effect on healing necrotic wounds. Maggot therapy was performed on the necrotic skin. Unfortunately, the larvae died after inserting less than 24 hours. The maggot therapy was unsuccessful in the treatment of skin necrosis in this experience and the larvae died in this short time. However, more clinical trials on the efficacy of maggot therapy for extensive skin necrosis and studies on the effects of snake venom on the maggots are needed.
{"title":"Maggot Therapy for Snakebite Necrotic Wound in a Horse","authors":"M. Ahmadnejad, F. Rezazadeh","doi":"10.30500/IVSA.2021.275445.1255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30500/IVSA.2021.275445.1255","url":null,"abstract":"Maggot therapy is the use of sterile fly larvae in the treatment of superficial wounds in humans and animals. Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae are most commonly used for this purpose. Nowadays, larval therapy is widely used in the treatment of diabetic and infectious human wounds. Larval therapy in veterinary medicine has been used in dogs, cats, horses, and even ruminants. A 5-year-old crossbreed (Arabian and Kurdish) stallion was referred to a Veterinary Private Sector in Tabriz city that suffered from a necrotic wound on its forelimb skin following a snakebite injury. The owner had seen the snake in the horse stable. Skin necrosis was observed on the dorsal of the right forelimb which extended to the ventral of the adjacent neck and chest. Despite this extensive skin injury, the horse was alert with a normal appetite and no sign of lameness was detected. Intravenous fluid therapy, systemic anti-inflammatory, and antibiotics were used for the horse's general condition support and topical oxytetracycline and zinc oxide but had no effect on healing necrotic wounds. Maggot therapy was performed on the necrotic skin. Unfortunately, the larvae died after inserting less than 24 hours. The maggot therapy was unsuccessful in the treatment of skin necrosis in this experience and the larvae died in this short time. However, more clinical trials on the efficacy of maggot therapy for extensive skin necrosis and studies on the effects of snake venom on the maggots are needed.","PeriodicalId":14554,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46346142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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