Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.60-65
A. Genevière
{"title":"2nd general meeting and working group meetings of the COST Action 16203: STEM CELLS OF MARINE/AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES: FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS (MARISTEM), November 28-30, 2018, Mar. Biol. Station – Lab. Arago, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France","authors":"A. Genevière","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.60-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.60-65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82353841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-18DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.25-33
Mengqiang Wang, Baojie Wang, Mohan Liu, Keyong Jiang, Lei Wang
Malectin is a newly discovered lectin of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that might be involved in innate immunity. Information about the roles of malectin in innate immunity is scarce. In the present study, a novel malectin gene (designated as CfMal) from the Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri was identified and characterized. Sequence features, tissue distribution, and temporal expression profiles were investigated to infer the potential functions of CfMal in innate immunity. The complete cDNA sequence of CfMal comprised 1,111 bp and contained an open reading frame of 909 bp, which encoded 302 amino acid residues. A malectin domain and a transmembrane region were identified in the predicted protein sequence. CfMal mRNA transcripts were detectable in hemocytes, muscle, mantle, gill, hepatopancreas, and gonads. CfMal expression was highest in hemocytes. Stimulation with Vibrio splendidus increased CfMal expression in hemocytes, gill, and hepatopancreas. The mRNA transcripts of CfMal and three related genes, including binding immunoglobulin protein, heat shock protein 90 kDa β member 1 protein and ER degradation enhancing α-mannosidase like protein 1, increased in scallop hemocytes during an artificial ER-stress. Our results indicate that CfMal might not only be involved in ER-stress, but may also play a role in innate immunity of scallops.
{"title":"The first identification of a malectin gene (CfMal) in scallop Chlamys farreri: sequence features and expression profiles","authors":"Mengqiang Wang, Baojie Wang, Mohan Liu, Keyong Jiang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.25-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.25-33","url":null,"abstract":"Malectin is a newly discovered lectin of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that might be involved in innate immunity. Information about the roles of malectin in innate immunity is scarce. In the present study, a novel malectin gene (designated as CfMal) from the Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri was identified and characterized. Sequence features, tissue distribution, and temporal expression profiles were investigated to infer the potential functions of CfMal in innate immunity. The complete cDNA sequence of CfMal comprised 1,111 bp and contained an open reading frame of 909 bp, which encoded 302 amino acid residues. A malectin domain and a transmembrane region were identified in the predicted protein sequence. CfMal mRNA transcripts were detectable in hemocytes, muscle, mantle, gill, hepatopancreas, and gonads. CfMal expression was highest in hemocytes. Stimulation with Vibrio splendidus increased CfMal expression in hemocytes, gill, and hepatopancreas. The mRNA transcripts of CfMal and three related genes, including binding immunoglobulin protein, heat shock protein 90 kDa β member 1 protein and ER degradation enhancing α-mannosidase like protein 1, increased in scallop hemocytes during an artificial ER-stress. Our results indicate that CfMal might not only be involved in ER-stress, but may also play a role in innate immunity of scallops.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79730387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.15-24
M. Cammarata, G. Benenati, M. Dara, M. Parisi, D. Piazzese, F. D. Falco, L. Stabili
Lectins are present in almost all living organisms and are involved in several biological processes, including immune responses. In the present study, a calcium dependent galactose-binding lectin exhibiting an apparent MW of 43 kDa has been characterized and purified from the mucus of the polychaete Sabella spallanzanii by using both affinity chromatography and high-pressure liquid chromatographic methods. Its agglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes was significantly modified by the addition of calcium or EDTA. The activity was optimal at temperature values comprised between 4 and 18 °C, maintain a 50% of activity between 20 and 37 °C, was significant deleted after exposure at 50 °C, and was depleted at 90 °C. The S. spallanzanii Galactose-Binding Lectin (SsGBL) was able to agglutinate bacteria and to preferentially recognize Gram-negative bacteria. The strongest agglutinating activity was observed towards Vibrio alginolyticus and Escherichia coli, by contrast mucus agglutinated in a lesser extent both Aeromonas hydrophyla and the Gram-positive Micrococcus lysodeikticus thus suggesting its involvement in host pathogen interactions.
{"title":"Sabella spallanzanii mucus contain a galactose-binding lectin able to agglutinate bacteria. Purification and characterization","authors":"M. Cammarata, G. Benenati, M. Dara, M. Parisi, D. Piazzese, F. D. Falco, L. Stabili","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.15-24","url":null,"abstract":"Lectins are present in almost all living organisms and are involved in several biological processes, including immune responses. In the present study, a calcium dependent galactose-binding lectin exhibiting an apparent MW of 43 kDa has been characterized and purified from the mucus of the polychaete Sabella spallanzanii by using both affinity chromatography and high-pressure liquid chromatographic methods. Its agglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes was significantly modified by the addition of calcium or EDTA. The activity was optimal at temperature values comprised between 4 and 18 °C, maintain a 50% of activity between 20 and 37 °C, was significant deleted after exposure at 50 °C, and was depleted at 90 °C. The S. spallanzanii Galactose-Binding Lectin (SsGBL) was able to agglutinate bacteria and to preferentially recognize Gram-negative bacteria. The strongest agglutinating activity was observed towards Vibrio alginolyticus and Escherichia coli, by contrast mucus agglutinated in a lesser extent both Aeromonas hydrophyla and the Gram-positive Micrococcus lysodeikticus thus suggesting its involvement in host pathogen interactions.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85488939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-03DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.1-7
R. Ladhar-Chaabouni, T. Houel, J. Lebel, A. Hamza-Chaffai, A. Serpentini
As a consequence of human’s activities, fluoride concentration in many aquatic ecosystems is significantly increasing. Nevertheless, little is known about fluoride toxicity to aquatic life. In this study the effect of exposure to different concentrations of sodium fluoride (2, 10, 50, 250 and 1,250 μg mL−1) during 24 h on primary cultured haemocytes of the gastropod Haliotis tuberculata was realized. Results indicate no significant effect of NaF on cell viability, Lysosomal membrane stability, phagocytosis and ROS production at concentrations of 2, 10, 50 and 250 μg mL−1. Nevertheless, lysosomal membrane alterations, a decrease of phagocytosis and morphological changes of H. tuberculata haemocytes were observed at concentration of 1,250 μg mL−1 NaF suggesting a potential impact of NaF at high concentration in the environment.
{"title":"Effects of fluoride on primary cultured haemocytes from the marine gastropod Haliotis tuberculata","authors":"R. Ladhar-Chaabouni, T. Houel, J. Lebel, A. Hamza-Chaffai, A. Serpentini","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.1-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V0I0.1-7","url":null,"abstract":"As a consequence of human’s activities, fluoride concentration in many aquatic ecosystems is significantly increasing. Nevertheless, little is known about fluoride toxicity to aquatic life. In this study the effect of exposure to different concentrations of sodium fluoride (2, 10, 50, 250 and 1,250 μg mL−1) during 24 h on primary cultured haemocytes of the gastropod Haliotis tuberculata was realized. Results indicate no significant effect of NaF on cell viability, Lysosomal membrane stability, phagocytosis and ROS production at concentrations of 2, 10, 50 and 250 μg mL−1. Nevertheless, lysosomal membrane alterations, a decrease of phagocytosis and morphological changes of H. tuberculata haemocytes were observed at concentration of 1,250 μg mL−1 NaF suggesting a potential impact of NaF at high concentration in the environment.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83310458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-22DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V15I1.316-326
Y. Chen, W. Bi, Mei Wang, Mu-Zhi Liu, Keyong Jiang, Lu Wang
The reactive oxygen species（ROS） generated by dual oxidases (Duox) play a role in innate immunity in many organisms. In this study, a 4,735 bp full-length cDNA of the Pacific white shrimp dual oxidase (LvDuox) gene was cloned; the sequence included an open reading frame of 4,497 bp, encoding a protein of 1,498 aa with a calculated mass of 173 kDa. Structural analysis revealed that LvDuox contains several domains. Homology analysis revealed that LvDuox exhibits 96.1%, 67.3% and 67.3% sequence identity with Marsupenaeus japonicas, Drosophila melanogaster and Acyrthosiphon pisum Duox, respectively. The mRNA transcripts of LvDuox were detected in all tested tissues. The mRNA expression of LvDuox was significantly induced in the midgut after Vibrio parahaemolyticus E1 (VPE1) stimulation. After the level of H2O2 in the midgut increased, expression of the superoxide dismutase and catalase genes in the midgut increased significantly. These results suggested that the LvDuox gene was upregulated in the midgut after the challenge by VPE1, and antioxidant genes were involved in the regulation of ROS in the shrimp midgut. LvDuox may therefore be a new target for intestinal disease research in the Pacific white shrimp.
{"title":"Molecular characterization of the dual oxidase (LvDuox) gene from the pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Y. Chen, W. Bi, Mei Wang, Mu-Zhi Liu, Keyong Jiang, Lu Wang","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V15I1.316-326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V15I1.316-326","url":null,"abstract":"The reactive oxygen species（ROS） generated by dual oxidases (Duox) play a role in innate immunity in many organisms. In this study, a 4,735 bp full-length cDNA of the Pacific white shrimp dual oxidase (LvDuox) gene was cloned; the sequence included an open reading frame of 4,497 bp, encoding a protein of 1,498 aa with a calculated mass of 173 kDa. Structural analysis revealed that LvDuox contains several domains. Homology analysis revealed that LvDuox exhibits 96.1%, 67.3% and 67.3% sequence identity with Marsupenaeus japonicas, Drosophila melanogaster and Acyrthosiphon pisum Duox, respectively. The mRNA transcripts of LvDuox were detected in all tested tissues. The mRNA expression of LvDuox was significantly induced in the midgut after Vibrio parahaemolyticus E1 (VPE1) stimulation. After the level of H2O2 in the midgut increased, expression of the superoxide dismutase and catalase genes in the midgut increased significantly. These results suggested that the LvDuox gene was upregulated in the midgut after the challenge by VPE1, and antioxidant genes were involved in the regulation of ROS in the shrimp midgut. LvDuox may therefore be a new target for intestinal disease research in the Pacific white shrimp.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87992033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-06DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V15I1.104-115
A. Ramšak
{"title":"1st general meeting and working group meetings of the COST Action 16203: STEM CELLS OF MARINE/AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES: FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS (MARISTEM), February 5-6, 2018, Marine Biology Station, National Institute of Biology, Pira","authors":"A. Ramšak","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V15I1.104-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V15I1.104-115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90052545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-04DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.443-452
Lili Gao, Ao Li, Na Li, Xi Liu, Hongkuan Deng, Bosheng Zhao, Qiuxiang Pang
Planarians in the Phylum Platyhelminthes occupy a peculiar phylogenetic position and have a strong regenerative capacity of their adult tissues, which has aroused general attention. Planarians are spontaneously exposed to various pathogens (microbes and harmful chemicals), but typically survive these challenges. Therefore, these animals can provide useful insights into the evolution of the innate immune system. This review mainly focuses on immune tissues (epidermis, pharynx, and intestine), immune cells (phagocytic reticular cells) and immune genes of planarians. In addition, we provide an overview of the critical proteins in the innate immune system - for example, pattern recognition receptors, complement system proteins, anti-microbial peptides and antioxidant enzymes. In particular, the effectors of the signaling pathways activated upon planarian infection are reviewed.
{"title":"Innate and intrinsic immunity in planarians","authors":"Lili Gao, Ao Li, Na Li, Xi Liu, Hongkuan Deng, Bosheng Zhao, Qiuxiang Pang","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.443-452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.443-452","url":null,"abstract":"Planarians in the Phylum Platyhelminthes occupy a peculiar phylogenetic position and have a strong regenerative capacity of their adult tissues, which has aroused general attention. Planarians are spontaneously exposed to various pathogens (microbes and harmful chemicals), but typically survive these challenges. Therefore, these animals can provide useful insights into the evolution of the innate immune system. This review mainly focuses on immune tissues (epidermis, pharynx, and intestine), immune cells (phagocytic reticular cells) and immune genes of planarians. In addition, we provide an overview of the critical proteins in the innate immune system - for example, pattern recognition receptors, complement system proteins, anti-microbial peptides and antioxidant enzymes. In particular, the effectors of the signaling pathways activated upon planarian infection are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74046921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-13DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.388-403
Yanhua Yang, Liang Chen, Qi Tang, Y. Zhang, Hanhan Tang, P. Lü, Q. Yao, Kangmin Chen
The molting is an essential part of the silkworm metamorphosis development. Although previous studies have demonstrated that molting in silkworm is associated with prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), molting hormone (MH), and juvenile hormone (JH), the changes of proteins and genes during silkworm molting, as well as the molecular mechanism about its generating and maintaining remains unclear. In this paper, the proteomic approaches were employed to investigate this issue. Totally, 35 different proteins were successfully identified through mass spectrometry and database searches, among which 42 % proteins were involved in cell structure and 16 % proteins belonged to the metabolism group. Meanwhile, vacuolar ATP synthase, juvenile hormone binding protein precursor and adenylate kinase isoenzyme were found to be down-regulated at early, mid-molt stages, which were further confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Taken together, our data suggests that juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) and adenylate kinase (AK) play a critical role in the process of silkworm molting, which may participate in the regulation of silkworm molting.
{"title":"Comparative proteomic analysis reveals that juvenile hormone binding protein and adenylate kinase may be involved in the molting process of silkworm, Bombyx mori.","authors":"Yanhua Yang, Liang Chen, Qi Tang, Y. Zhang, Hanhan Tang, P. Lü, Q. Yao, Kangmin Chen","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.388-403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.388-403","url":null,"abstract":"The molting is an essential part of the silkworm metamorphosis development. Although previous studies have demonstrated that molting in silkworm is associated with prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), molting hormone (MH), and juvenile hormone (JH), the changes of proteins and genes during silkworm molting, as well as the molecular mechanism about its generating and maintaining remains unclear. In this paper, the proteomic approaches were employed to investigate this issue. Totally, 35 different proteins were successfully identified through mass spectrometry and database searches, among which 42 % proteins were involved in cell structure and 16 % proteins belonged to the metabolism group. Meanwhile, vacuolar ATP synthase, juvenile hormone binding protein precursor and adenylate kinase isoenzyme were found to be down-regulated at early, mid-molt stages, which were further confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Taken together, our data suggests that juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) and adenylate kinase (AK) play a critical role in the process of silkworm molting, which may participate in the regulation of silkworm molting.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85983154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-05DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.340-351
Guangxia Lu, Feifei Wang, Zichao Yu, Mengmeng Lu, Ying Wang, Chao Liu, Zhuang Xue, Yichen Wu, Lingling Wang, L. Song
Yesso scallop is a marine bivalve mollusc of economic importance in the coastline of northern China. The frequently outbreak of various diseases has heavily threatened the sustainable development of the scallop industry. The information about the bacterial communities inside and outside the body of Yesso scallop will provide insights into disease prevention, probiotic application and health aquaculture. In the present study, the diversity of bacterial communities in intestines, rectum and gills of Yesso scallop and its habitat waters were investigated. The bacterial diversity and richness in waters were higher than that in intestines, rectum and gills. The microbiota from intestines, rectum, gills of scallop and waters were clearly separated into four clusters by Non-metric multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis, suggesting a microbiota selection of scallop at organ scale. Venn diagram suggested that the bacterial community in the body of scallop was more specialized than that in waters. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the main bacterial communities in intestine, rectum and gill were Firmicutes, Tenericute and Proteobacteria, Chlamydiae, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, respectively. While the bacterial communities in waters mainly included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria. Real-time PCR for bacterial load showed that the total bacterial abundance in waters was significantly higher than that inside the scallop body. The abundance of Bacteroides fragilis in rectum was significantly higher than that in intestines and gills. The results about the bacterial community inside and outside the body of Yesso scallop are helpful to better understand the relationship between the symbiotic bacteria of Yesso scallop and their habitat, and also provided critical information to develop strategies of disease prevention and probiotic application in scallop aquaculture.
扇贝是中国北方沿海一种具有重要经济价值的海洋双壳类软体动物。各种病害的频繁爆发严重威胁着扇贝产业的可持续发展。对叶梭扇贝体内和体外细菌群落的了解将为疾病预防、益生菌应用和健康养殖提供新的见解。本研究对叶索扇贝的肠道、直肠和鳃及其栖息地水域的细菌群落多样性进行了研究。水中的细菌多样性和丰富度高于肠道、直肠和鳃。通过非度量多维尺度和层次聚类分析，将扇贝的肠道、直肠、鳃和水中的微生物群划分为4个簇，表明扇贝在器官尺度上存在微生物群选择。维恩图表明，扇贝体内的细菌群落比水中的细菌群落更加专门化。高通量测序结果显示，肠道、直肠和鳃的主要菌群分别为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、厚壁菌门(Tenericute and Proteobacteria)、衣原菌门(Chlamydiae)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria and Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria and Firmicutes)。水体细菌群落主要包括变形菌门、拟杆菌门和蓝藻门。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示，扇贝体内细菌总丰度显著高于水体。直肠中脆弱拟杆菌的丰度显著高于肠道和鳃。研究结果有助于更好地了解扇贝体内和体外的共生菌群与其栖息地的关系，并为制定扇贝养殖疾病预防和益生菌应用策略提供重要信息。
{"title":"Bacterial communities in gills and intestines of yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) and its habitat waters in Changhai (Dalian, China)","authors":"Guangxia Lu, Feifei Wang, Zichao Yu, Mengmeng Lu, Ying Wang, Chao Liu, Zhuang Xue, Yichen Wu, Lingling Wang, L. Song","doi":"10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.340-351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.340-351","url":null,"abstract":"Yesso scallop is a marine bivalve mollusc of economic importance in the coastline of northern China. The frequently outbreak of various diseases has heavily threatened the sustainable development of the scallop industry. The information about the bacterial communities inside and outside the body of Yesso scallop will provide insights into disease prevention, probiotic application and health aquaculture. In the present study, the diversity of bacterial communities in intestines, rectum and gills of Yesso scallop and its habitat waters were investigated. The bacterial diversity and richness in waters were higher than that in intestines, rectum and gills. The microbiota from intestines, rectum, gills of scallop and waters were clearly separated into four clusters by Non-metric multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis, suggesting a microbiota selection of scallop at organ scale. Venn diagram suggested that the bacterial community in the body of scallop was more specialized than that in waters. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the main bacterial communities in intestine, rectum and gill were Firmicutes, Tenericute and Proteobacteria, Chlamydiae, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, respectively. While the bacterial communities in waters mainly included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria. Real-time PCR for bacterial load showed that the total bacterial abundance in waters was significantly higher than that inside the scallop body. The abundance of Bacteroides fragilis in rectum was significantly higher than that in intestines and gills. The results about the bacterial community inside and outside the body of Yesso scallop are helpful to better understand the relationship between the symbiotic bacteria of Yesso scallop and their habitat, and also provided critical information to develop strategies of disease prevention and probiotic application in scallop aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":14623,"journal":{"name":"ISJ-Invertebrate Survival Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77008505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-26DOI: 10.25431/1824-307X/ISJ.V14I1.174-181
F. Seyed-Talebi, S. Safavi, R. Talaei-Hassanloui, A. Bandani
Some defense reactions including cuticular lipids, phagocytic activity, nodulation and hemolymph phenoloxidasec activity were compared in Eurygaster integriceps, Ephestia kuehniella and Zophobas morio exposed to five different B. bassiana isolates. The cuticular lipids were stimulating on conidia germination possibly with no fungicidal or fungistatic ability in epicuticular fatty acids. There was correlation between all studied immune system reactions and the virulence of isolates to E. kuehniella and E. integriceps. DE as a less virulent fungal isolate stimulated immune reactions in high levels in most experiments, despite of TV as the most virulent isolate. E. integriceps was the most sensitive host with lowered immune reactions. Z. morio showed resistant with the highest nodulation. E. kuehniella had moderate sensitivity with maximal phagocytic and the phenoloxidase activity. The phagocytic activity was the highest at 30 min after fungus injection. The nodulation and the phenoloxidase activity were demonstrated at 6, 12 and 24 h after injection. The most nodulation rate was observed at 24 h. The phenoloxidase activity for the most isolates reached a maximum value for Z. morio and E. integriceps after 12 h and in E. kuehniella after 24 h. Our research provides an interesting perspective in host susceptibility to fungal infections.
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