Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651324x16826780236175
Salwa El Baakili, Patrick Munyensanga, Meriame Bricha, K. El Mabrouk
The improved bulk and surface function of manufactured implants has advanced implantation procedures, leading to a decline in surgical risks. Most of the current techniques discussed in the literature are related to additive manufacturing (AM) of lightweight implants based on reliable, precise, flexible scaffolds and capable of mimicking bone properties while incorporating multi-physics features. Furthermore, these techniques have evolved in the production of a variety of biocompatible materials. AM has progressed beyond prototype to full-scale manufacturing of metals, polymers, and ceramic products. However, metallic implants often fail in vivo due to biocorrosion and deterioration, limiting implant longevity. This study reviewed current trends and approaches to enhancing the surface corrosion resistance of porous metallic implants and the effect of interfacial films on biological activity. The art of porous metallic implants manufactured by additive manufacturing and their biocorrosion behavior are discussed. This review also evaluates future trends and perspectives in additively manufactured synthetic orthopedic implants porous with enhanced surface morphology.
{"title":"Porous Metallic Implants from Additive Manufacturing to Biocorrosion: A Review","authors":"Salwa El Baakili, Patrick Munyensanga, Meriame Bricha, K. El Mabrouk","doi":"10.1595/205651324x16826780236175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651324x16826780236175","url":null,"abstract":"The improved bulk and surface function of manufactured implants has advanced implantation procedures, leading to a decline in surgical risks. Most of the current techniques discussed in the literature are related to additive manufacturing (AM) of lightweight implants based on reliable, precise, flexible scaffolds and capable of mimicking bone properties while incorporating multi-physics features. Furthermore, these techniques have evolved in the production of a variety of biocompatible materials. AM has progressed beyond prototype to full-scale manufacturing of metals, polymers, and ceramic products. However, metallic implants often fail in vivo due to biocorrosion and deterioration, limiting implant longevity. This study reviewed current trends and approaches to enhancing the surface corrosion resistance of porous metallic implants and the effect of interfacial films on biological activity. The art of porous metallic implants manufactured by additive manufacturing and their biocorrosion behavior are discussed. This review also evaluates future trends and perspectives in additively manufactured synthetic orthopedic implants porous with enhanced surface morphology.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67352017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651323x16679225966590
J. Pearce
Temperature is a fundamental quantity relevant to almost all spheres of human endeavour. It is measured and controlled in a very wide range of applications, for example in combustion (engines, heating), heat treatment of high value components, healthcare (fever screening), meteorology and climate monitoring. Measurement and control of industrial process temperature in particular is key to maximising product quality, optimising energy efficiency, reducing waste and minimising carbon dioxide and other harmful emissions. It is also essential for ensuring safety; an accurate measure of temperature minimises the risk of operating outside the required process envelope (for example in nuclear power generation). There are several settings in which recent innovations have brought about significant improvements in thermometry, and these are described in this themed issue. Also discussed in this issue is the assessment and optimisation of safety in lithium-ion batteries, which is also a very important topic given the ubiquity of those devices, and testing for corrosion in chemical process plants, again a widespread issue of great relevance to many practitioners.
{"title":"Guest Editorial: Facility Process Safety and Control","authors":"J. Pearce","doi":"10.1595/205651323x16679225966590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651323x16679225966590","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature is a fundamental quantity relevant to almost all spheres of human endeavour. It is measured and controlled in a very wide range of applications, for example in combustion (engines, heating), heat treatment of high value components, healthcare (fever screening), meteorology and climate monitoring. Measurement and control of industrial process temperature in particular is key to maximising product quality, optimising energy efficiency, reducing waste and minimising carbon dioxide and other harmful emissions. It is also essential for ensuring safety; an accurate measure of temperature minimises the risk of operating outside the required process envelope (for example in nuclear power generation). There are several settings in which recent innovations have brought about significant improvements in thermometry, and these are described in this themed issue. Also discussed in this issue is the assessment and optimisation of safety in lithium-ion batteries, which is also a very important topic given the ubiquity of those devices, and testing for corrosion in chemical process plants, again a widespread issue of great relevance to many practitioners.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651323x16856083453770
A. Cowley
Johnson Matthey’s annual review of the platinum group metal (pgm) markets was published on 15th May 2023, providing an outlook for pgm supply and demand for 2023. The report contains a comprehensive review of developments in the automotive market, covering production and powertrain trends and their implications for pgm use as well as an update on future emissions legislation. It also features an in-depth discussion of the ruthenium and iridium markets in view of increasing interest in the use of these metals in the net zero transition.
{"title":"“PGM Market Report May 2023”","authors":"A. Cowley","doi":"10.1595/205651323x16856083453770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651323x16856083453770","url":null,"abstract":"Johnson Matthey’s annual review of the platinum group metal (pgm) markets was published on 15th May 2023, providing an outlook for pgm supply and demand for 2023. The report contains a comprehensive review of developments in the automotive market, covering production and powertrain trends and their implications for pgm use as well as an update on future emissions legislation. It also features an in-depth discussion of the ruthenium and iridium markets in view of increasing interest in the use of these metals in the net zero transition.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651324x16794770872879
Yicheng Zhou, Wangping Wu, Qinqin Wang, Liangbing Wang
Noble metals are key to various research fields and Noble metal nanomaterials are directly relevant to optics, catalysis, medicine, sensing and many other applications. Rhodium-based nanomaterials have been less studied than metals such as gold, silver or platinum. There have been leaps and bounds in characterization tools over the years, and knowledge about rhodium chemistry and nanomaterials are expected to grow. With high expectations driving the use of rhodium nanoparticles as catalysts for automotive exhaust gas, catalysts for hydrogen and oxygen precipitation reactions in electrolytic cells, the established applications of rhodium materials in fields such as electronics and appliances, anti-cancer drugs and aerospace are being revisited. This review covers different strategies for the synthesis of rhodium films and nanoparticles and provides a broad overview of the reported applications.
{"title":"Rhodium and Rhodium-Alloy Films and Nanoparticles","authors":"Yicheng Zhou, Wangping Wu, Qinqin Wang, Liangbing Wang","doi":"10.1595/205651324x16794770872879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651324x16794770872879","url":null,"abstract":"Noble metals are key to various research fields and Noble metal nanomaterials are directly relevant to optics, catalysis, medicine, sensing and many other applications. Rhodium-based nanomaterials have been less studied than metals such as gold, silver or platinum. There have been leaps and bounds in characterization tools over the years, and knowledge about rhodium chemistry and nanomaterials are expected to grow. With high expectations driving the use of rhodium nanoparticles as catalysts for automotive exhaust gas, catalysts for hydrogen and oxygen precipitation reactions in electrolytic cells, the established applications of rhodium materials in fields such as electronics and appliances, anti-cancer drugs and aerospace are being revisited. This review covers different strategies for the synthesis of rhodium films and nanoparticles and provides a broad overview of the reported applications.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651323x16794186402492
H. Yu, Kacper Bruzda, D. Charalampopoulos, A. Chatzifragkou
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has attracted much research interest, delivering a combination of exclusive properties, such as flexibility, hydrophilicity, crystallinity, and a three-dimensional network. In this study, the effects of carbon source and cultivation conditions on BC production by the bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus subsp. sucrofermentans DSM 15973 were assessed. Fructose was the most suitable carbon source and high BC concentrations up to 31 g/L were achieved in substrates with 60 g/L fructose, under static culture conditions. Notably, BC production was equally high under the same fermentation conditions in agitated cultures (~30 g/L). Moreover, the effectiveness of NaOH and NaOCl solutions in BC purification, and their potential impact on BC structure and properties were explored. The combination of weak NaOH and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was proved an effective purification method, preserving the fibre structure and crystallinity of BC.
{"title":"Impact of Fermentation Conditions and Purification Strategy on Bacterial Cellulose Properties","authors":"H. Yu, Kacper Bruzda, D. Charalampopoulos, A. Chatzifragkou","doi":"10.1595/205651323x16794186402492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651323x16794186402492","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial cellulose (BC) has attracted much research interest, delivering a combination of exclusive properties, such as flexibility, hydrophilicity, crystallinity, and a three-dimensional network. In this study, the effects of carbon source and cultivation conditions on BC production by the bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus subsp. sucrofermentans DSM 15973 were assessed. Fructose was the most suitable carbon source and high BC concentrations up to 31 g/L were achieved in substrates with 60 g/L fructose, under static culture conditions. Notably, BC production was equally high under the same fermentation conditions in agitated cultures (~30 g/L). Moreover, the effectiveness of NaOH and NaOCl solutions in BC purification, and their potential impact on BC structure and properties were explored. The combination of weak NaOH and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was proved an effective purification method, preserving the fibre structure and crystallinity of BC.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67352001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651323x16765646706676
Paul A. Morton, S. M. Mansell
Carbon-hydrogen bond activations and their subsequent functionalisation have long been an important target in chemistry because C-H bonds are ubiquitous throughout nature, making C-H derivatisation reactions highly desirable. The selective and efficient functionalisation of this bond into many more useful carbon-element bonds (e.g., C-B, C-Si, C-O, and C-S bonds) would have many uses in pharmaceutical and bulk chemical synthesis. Activation of the C-H bond is, however, challenging due to the high strength and low bond-polarity of this bond rendering its cleavage unfavourable. With the correct choice of reagents and systems, especially those utilising directing groups, kinetically and thermodynamically favourable catalytic processes have been developed. However, a key remaining challenge is the development of undirected, intermolecular reactions using catalysts that are both selective and active enough to make useful processes. In this review, the progress towards optimising group 9 C-H activation catalysts is discussed, particularly focusing on undirected reactions that are kinetically more difficult, starting with a brief history of C-H activation, identifying the importance of auxiliary ligands including the nature of anionic ligand (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, trispyrazolylborate) and neutral ligands (e.g., phosphines, carbonyl, alkenes, N-heterocyclic carbenes) that contribute towards the stability and reactivity of these metal complexes. The tethering of the anionic ligand to strong σ-donating ligands is also briefly discussed. The focus of this review is primarily on the group 9 metals rhodium and iridium, however, C-H activation using group 8 and 10 metals are compared where useful. The most recent advances in this field include the development of C-H borylation of many small hydrocarbon substrates such as arenes, heterocycles and n-alkanes as well as the more challenging substrate methane.
{"title":"Moving from Fuel to Feedstock: Selective Hydrocarbon Activation using Rhodium and Iridium Complexes","authors":"Paul A. Morton, S. M. Mansell","doi":"10.1595/205651323x16765646706676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651323x16765646706676","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon-hydrogen bond activations and their subsequent functionalisation have long been an important target in chemistry because C-H bonds are ubiquitous throughout nature, making C-H derivatisation reactions highly desirable. The selective and efficient functionalisation of this bond into many more useful carbon-element bonds (e.g., C-B, C-Si, C-O, and C-S bonds) would have many uses in pharmaceutical and bulk chemical synthesis. Activation of the C-H bond is, however, challenging due to the high strength and low bond-polarity of this bond rendering its cleavage unfavourable. With the correct choice of reagents and systems, especially those utilising directing groups, kinetically and thermodynamically favourable catalytic processes have been developed. However, a key remaining challenge is the development of undirected, intermolecular reactions using catalysts that are both selective and active enough to make useful processes. In this review, the progress towards optimising group 9 C-H activation catalysts is discussed, particularly focusing on undirected reactions that are kinetically more difficult, starting with a brief history of C-H activation, identifying the importance of auxiliary ligands including the nature of anionic ligand (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, trispyrazolylborate) and neutral ligands (e.g., phosphines, carbonyl, alkenes, N-heterocyclic carbenes) that contribute towards the stability and reactivity of these metal complexes. The tethering of the anionic ligand to strong σ-donating ligands is also briefly discussed. The focus of this review is primarily on the group 9 metals rhodium and iridium, however, C-H activation using group 8 and 10 metals are compared where useful. The most recent advances in this field include the development of C-H borylation of many small hydrocarbon substrates such as arenes, heterocycles and n-alkanes as well as the more challenging substrate methane.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67352274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1595/205651324x16980703569747
Mustafa Al Salmi
This literature review examines the hydrogen spillover mechanisms on Cu/ZnO-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The production of methanol from CO2 is an attractive process for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and producing a valuable chemical feedstock. Cu/ZnO-based catalysts are known to exhibit high activity and selectivity towards methanol production, and the hydrogen spillover effect is believed to play a crucial role in their performance. The review discusses the current understanding of the hydrogen spillover mechanism, including the nature of the active sites and the factors that affect spillover efficiency. It also summarizes the recent advances in catalyst design, such as the use of promoters and dopants, to enhance the hydrogen spillover effect and improve catalytic performance. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the hydrogen spillover mechanism on Cu/ZnO-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, highlighting the potential of this technology for sustainable methanol production.
{"title":"Hydrogen Spillover Mechanisms on Cu/ZnO-Based Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol","authors":"Mustafa Al Salmi","doi":"10.1595/205651324x16980703569747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651324x16980703569747","url":null,"abstract":"This literature review examines the hydrogen spillover mechanisms on Cu/ZnO-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The production of methanol from CO2 is an attractive process for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and producing a valuable chemical feedstock. Cu/ZnO-based catalysts are known to exhibit high activity and selectivity towards methanol production, and the hydrogen spillover effect is believed to play a crucial role in their performance. The review discusses the current understanding of the hydrogen spillover mechanism, including the nature of the active sites and the factors that affect spillover efficiency. It also summarizes the recent advances in catalyst design, such as the use of promoters and dopants, to enhance the hydrogen spillover effect and improve catalytic performance. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the hydrogen spillover mechanism on Cu/ZnO-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, highlighting the potential of this technology for sustainable methanol production.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135105982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-006268
Olivia L Hoffman, Jane Romano, Monica E Kleinman
Objectives: Hospital-based code blue (CB) teams are designed for hospitalized patients (HP) with unanticipated medical emergencies outside of an ICU. At our freestanding pediatric institution, the same team responds to CB calls involving nonhospitalized persons (NHP) throughout the hospital campus. We hypothesized there are significant differences between the characteristics of NHP and HP requiring emergency medical response, and most responses for NHP do not require advanced critical care.
Methods: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of CB responses at our large, urban, academic children's medical center from January to December 2017. We evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of these HP compared with NHP events.
Results: There were 168 CB activations during the study, of which 135 (80.4%) were for NHP. Ninety-one (67.4%) of the NHP responses involved adults (age >18 years) compared with 6 (18.2%) of the HP. Triggers for CB team activation for NHP were most frequently syncope (42.2%), seizure (10.3%), or fall (9.6%) compared with seizure (30.3%), hypoxia (27.3%), or anaphylaxis (12.1%) for HP. Critical interventions such as bag-mask ventilation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were infrequently performed for either cohort.
Conclusions: CB activations in our pediatric institution more often involve NHP than HP. NHP responses are more likely to involve adults and infrequently require advanced interventions. Use of a pediatric CB team for NHP events may be an unnecessary use of pediatric critical care resources. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the most effective team composition, training, and response system for NHP in a freestanding children's hospital.
{"title":"Emergency Medical Response for Non-Hospitalized Person Events in a Children's Hospital.","authors":"Olivia L Hoffman, Jane Romano, Monica E Kleinman","doi":"10.1542/hpeds.2021-006268","DOIUrl":"10.1542/hpeds.2021-006268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hospital-based code blue (CB) teams are designed for hospitalized patients (HP) with unanticipated medical emergencies outside of an ICU. At our freestanding pediatric institution, the same team responds to CB calls involving nonhospitalized persons (NHP) throughout the hospital campus. We hypothesized there are significant differences between the characteristics of NHP and HP requiring emergency medical response, and most responses for NHP do not require advanced critical care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed a retrospective cohort of CB responses at our large, urban, academic children's medical center from January to December 2017. We evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of these HP compared with NHP events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 168 CB activations during the study, of which 135 (80.4%) were for NHP. Ninety-one (67.4%) of the NHP responses involved adults (age >18 years) compared with 6 (18.2%) of the HP. Triggers for CB team activation for NHP were most frequently syncope (42.2%), seizure (10.3%), or fall (9.6%) compared with seizure (30.3%), hypoxia (27.3%), or anaphylaxis (12.1%) for HP. Critical interventions such as bag-mask ventilation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were infrequently performed for either cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CB activations in our pediatric institution more often involve NHP than HP. NHP responses are more likely to involve adults and infrequently require advanced interventions. Use of a pediatric CB team for NHP events may be an unnecessary use of pediatric critical care resources. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the most effective team composition, training, and response system for NHP in a freestanding children's hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89465388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-11DOI: 10.1595/205651322x16376750190432
İ. İvedi, Bahadır Güneşoğlu, S. Karavana, G. Kartal, G. Erkan, A. M. Sarıışık
The aim of this study was to prepare microcapsules and transfer them to denim and non-denim trousers using different application methods. For this purpose, shea butter as active agent was encapsulated in an ethyl cellulose shell using the spray dryer method, and capsule optimisation was studied. A morphological assessment showed that the capsules had a smooth surface and were spherical in shape. The homogenous size distribution of the capsules was supported by laser diffraction analysis. The capsules showed a narrow size distribution, and the mean particle size of optimum formulations of shea butter was 390 nm. Denim fabrics were treated with shea butter capsules using the methods of exhaustion and spraying in order to compare these application methods. The presence of capsules on the fabrics was tested after five wash cycles. The comparison of application methods found similar preferred characteristics for both the exhaustion and spraying methods. However, the spraying method was found to be more sustainable, because it allows working with low liquor ratios in less water, with lower chemical consumption and less waste than the exhaustion method, which requires working with a high liquor ratio. This study showed that the spraying method can be used as an alternative to other application methods in the market for reducing energy consumption, and shea butter capsules can provide moisturising properties to the fabrics.
{"title":"Using Spraying as an Alternative Method for Transferring Capsules Containing Shea Butter to Denim and Non-Denim Fabrics : Preparation of microcapsules for delivery of active ingredients","authors":"İ. İvedi, Bahadır Güneşoğlu, S. Karavana, G. Kartal, G. Erkan, A. M. Sarıışık","doi":"10.1595/205651322x16376750190432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1595/205651322x16376750190432","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to prepare microcapsules and transfer them to denim and non-denim trousers using different application methods. For this purpose, shea butter as active agent was encapsulated in an ethyl cellulose shell using the spray dryer method, and capsule optimisation\u0000 was studied. A morphological assessment showed that the capsules had a smooth surface and were spherical in shape. The homogenous size distribution of the capsules was supported by laser diffraction analysis. The capsules showed a narrow size distribution, and the mean particle size of optimum\u0000 formulations of shea butter was 390 nm. Denim fabrics were treated with shea butter capsules using the methods of exhaustion and spraying in order to compare these application methods. The presence of capsules on the fabrics was tested after five wash cycles. The comparison of application\u0000 methods found similar preferred characteristics for both the exhaustion and spraying methods. However, the spraying method was found to be more sustainable, because it allows working with low liquor ratios in less water, with lower chemical consumption and less waste than the exhaustion method,\u0000 which requires working with a high liquor ratio. This study showed that the spraying method can be used as an alternative to other application methods in the market for reducing energy consumption, and shea butter capsules can provide moisturising properties to the fabrics.","PeriodicalId":14807,"journal":{"name":"Johnson Matthey Technology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48729664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：