Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000364
David Adzrago, D. Doku, Addae Boateng Adu Gyamfi
Background and Objective: Socio-economic and health consequences are the common experiences among individuals with addiction problem, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana. Nevertheless, alcohol and drug addiction is still not perceived as a medical issue in many communities across Sub-Saharan Africa. Accordingly, several individuals with addiction are disparaged and have limited or no access to treatment and rehabilitation services. This study explored processes involved in rehabilitating individuals with alcohol and drug addiction problems in Cape Coast Metropolis of Central Region, Ghana. Methods: Qualitative data were collected through tape-recorded in-depth interview with fourteen rehabilitation service providers and fourteen patients at two rehabilitation centres in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. Purposive and accidental sampling techniques were adopted to recruit study participants and the data were analysed through content analysis. Results: The processes involved in rehabilitating individuals with addiction were structured as unidirectional or linear involving recording the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients to recovery plans. The respondents reported that the rehabilitation processes involved limited multidimensional processes including limited interdisciplinary team of health professionals and not paying attention to the full physical, psychological, emotional, and social makeup of the patients. The challenges expressed by the respondents with the processes were a limited health care personnel, infrastructure, and inadequate follow-up logistics. Accordingly, the inadequate services most often resulted in patients’ noncompliance, relapse, service providers’ frustrations, and an unfriendly relationship between the patients and the service providers. Conclusion: The current rehabilitation processes do not take into consideration diversity and differences in the characteristics of the patients. Rehabilitation processes should incorporate need-based rehabilitation services and activities in addition to more relevant rehab resources. There should be an interdisciplinary approach to the treatment and recovery of patients in order to improve the full recovery of patients and the effectiveness of rehabilitation services.
{"title":"Rehabilitation Processes involved in Rehabilitating Individuals with Alcohol and Drug Addictions at Rehabilitation Centres in Ghana","authors":"David Adzrago, D. Doku, Addae Boateng Adu Gyamfi","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000364","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Socio-economic and health consequences are the common experiences among individuals with addiction problem, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana. Nevertheless, alcohol and drug addiction is still not perceived as a medical issue in many communities across Sub-Saharan Africa. Accordingly, several individuals with addiction are disparaged and have limited or no access to treatment and rehabilitation services. This study explored processes involved in rehabilitating individuals with alcohol and drug addiction problems in Cape Coast Metropolis of Central Region, Ghana. Methods: Qualitative data were collected through tape-recorded in-depth interview with fourteen rehabilitation service providers and fourteen patients at two rehabilitation centres in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. Purposive and accidental sampling techniques were adopted to recruit study participants and the data were analysed through content analysis. Results: The processes involved in rehabilitating individuals with addiction were structured as unidirectional or linear involving recording the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients to recovery plans. The respondents reported that the rehabilitation processes involved limited multidimensional processes including limited interdisciplinary team of health professionals and not paying attention to the full physical, psychological, emotional, and social makeup of the patients. The challenges expressed by the respondents with the processes were a limited health care personnel, infrastructure, and inadequate follow-up logistics. Accordingly, the inadequate services most often resulted in patients’ noncompliance, relapse, service providers’ frustrations, and an unfriendly relationship between the patients and the service providers. Conclusion: The current rehabilitation processes do not take into consideration diversity and differences in the characteristics of the patients. Rehabilitation processes should incorporate need-based rehabilitation services and activities in addition to more relevant rehab resources. There should be an interdisciplinary approach to the treatment and recovery of patients in order to improve the full recovery of patients and the effectiveness of rehabilitation services.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84767338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000369
Oli Ahmed, M. A. Hossain
The present study was designed to validate the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) in Bangladeshi culture in response to the scarcity of instrument for measuring Facebook addiction of Bangladeshi people. The BFAS was translated and back translated by following standard procedures. The translated version of the measure was administered, after pre-test, on a sample of 237 respondents who selected through non-probability sampling techniques. The psychometric properties were assessed by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson product moment correlation coefficients. Findings revealed that the Bangla BFAS had sufficient item-total correlation, internal consistency reliabilities (Chronbach’s Alpha, Split-half reliabilities), and testretest reliability. These findings suggested that the Bangla BFAS had sufficient level of reliability and validity and this measure could be applicable in Bangladeshi culture for screening out Facebook addiction.
{"title":"Validation Study of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale on a Sample of Bangladeshi People","authors":"Oli Ahmed, M. A. Hossain","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000369","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to validate the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) in Bangladeshi culture in response to the scarcity of instrument for measuring Facebook addiction of Bangladeshi people. The BFAS was translated and back translated by following standard procedures. The translated version of the measure was administered, after pre-test, on a sample of 237 respondents who selected through non-probability sampling techniques. The psychometric properties were assessed by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson product moment correlation coefficients. Findings revealed that the Bangla BFAS had sufficient item-total correlation, internal consistency reliabilities (Chronbach’s Alpha, Split-half reliabilities), and testretest reliability. These findings suggested that the Bangla BFAS had sufficient level of reliability and validity and this measure could be applicable in Bangladeshi culture for screening out Facebook addiction.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82374472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000371
Suhail Jogi, Shazia Gurgani, Yuman Kawoos
{"title":"Inventory for Social Network Addiction","authors":"Suhail Jogi, Shazia Gurgani, Yuman Kawoos","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87588196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000e140
Farhana Sabri
{"title":"Culturally Responsive Counsellors in the Field of Addiction","authors":"Farhana Sabri","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000e140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000e140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73061358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000358
B. Lackey, Theresa Appell
Late at night a neighbor signs out of social media, checks emails again, goes online to “relax” at a site he keeps secret from his family before powering down the computer and the tablet. He checks Smartphone messages again, and then switches to a Smartphone app that is designed to help with sleep. He continues to wonder if he, his wife, his children, his friends are internet “addicts.” He checks Google and finds that they have many of the symptoms of addiction such as preoccupation with internet use, loss of interest in other activities, deceit, problems with work, school and family relationships [1]. Then he finds an article by an addiction “expert” who says Internet addiction does not exist.
{"title":"Is Internet Addiction a Viable Mental Health Issue","authors":"B. Lackey, Theresa Appell","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000358","url":null,"abstract":"Late at night a neighbor signs out of social media, checks emails again, goes online to “relax” at a site he keeps secret from his family before powering down the computer and the tablet. He checks Smartphone messages again, and then switches to a Smartphone app that is designed to help with sleep. He continues to wonder if he, his wife, his children, his friends are internet “addicts.” He checks Google and finds that they have many of the symptoms of addiction such as preoccupation with internet use, loss of interest in other activities, deceit, problems with work, school and family relationships [1]. Then he finds an article by an addiction “expert” who says Internet addiction does not exist.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79528972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000366
Ajegena Bk, O. Victor, Usman Ba
{"title":"Sex and Sexual Addiction in the United States of America: An Overview of Its Epidemiology, Management and Prevention Strategies","authors":"Ajegena Bk, O. Victor, Usman Ba","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78219288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000361
G. Mellsop
Advances in understanding aspects of the relationship between illicit substance use/abuse and psychiatric syndromes highlight the need for Nations to develop relevant explicit policies or legislation to ensure that Courts deliver judgments on criminal responsibility which match with their national wishes or policies.
{"title":"Amphetamine Psychoses and Legal Responsibility","authors":"G. Mellsop","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000361","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in understanding aspects of the relationship between illicit substance use/abuse and psychiatric syndromes highlight the need for Nations to develop relevant explicit policies or legislation to ensure that Courts deliver judgments on criminal responsibility which match with their national wishes or policies.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"97 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76642427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000365
M. Silva, Kelli Cristina Correa, Elton Faria Bastos, R. Rondina
{"title":"Use of Psychoactive Substances by Future Health Professionals","authors":"M. Silva, Kelli Cristina Correa, Elton Faria Bastos, R. Rondina","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87260210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000E138
Farhana Sabri
{"title":"Clinical Supervision Catalyst for Professional Development of Addiction Counsellors","authors":"Farhana Sabri","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000E138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000E138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86397940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-11DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000355
A. Ragab, Raed A Al-khayyal, Fawaz Al-Mousa, Ahmed Bahriz
Recently, urine substance of abuse (SOA) testing in the pre-employment/workplace and suspected SOA settings has become common in many countries all over the world. There have been multiple published research recommending the performance of the urine sample validity test (SVT) for substance of abuse testing administered in the pre-employment/workplace and suspected SOA settings. On the opposite side, very little researches focusing on variable procedures of urine adulteration in (SOA) testing process, including diluted, substituted, adulterated, and invalid tests. The current research investigated 7985 submitted urine drug test samples for sample validity test from pre-employment/workplace and suspected SOA settings in Saudi Arabia over one year. All preliminary immunoassay screen-positive urine sample drug tests were confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrophotometry. This article found that the prevalence of tampering (diluted, substituted, or invalid tests) in urine samples from the pre-employment/workplace and suspected settings were 0.87% and 0.69%, respectively. The percentage of diluted, substituted, adulterated and invalid urine specimens from the pre-employment/workplace and suspected cases were 75%, 21.4%, 1.7%, 1.7% and 63.6%, 36.4%, 0%, 0% respectively. The most common substance of abuse detected from the pre-employment/workplace and suspected specimens were cannabis, followed by amphetamines. We recommend that all urine samples taken for substance of abuse testing from both the pre-employment/workplace and suspected settings need to be investigated for validity.
{"title":"Urine Samples Tampering Pattern for Drugs of Abuse Testing: Experience of the Saudi Arabia Poison Control Centers","authors":"A. Ragab, Raed A Al-khayyal, Fawaz Al-Mousa, Ahmed Bahriz","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000355","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, urine substance of abuse (SOA) testing in the pre-employment/workplace and suspected SOA settings has become common in many countries all over the world. There have been multiple published research recommending the performance of the urine sample validity test (SVT) for substance of abuse testing administered in the pre-employment/workplace and suspected SOA settings. On the opposite side, very little researches focusing on variable procedures of urine adulteration in (SOA) testing process, including diluted, substituted, adulterated, and invalid tests. The current research investigated 7985 submitted urine drug test samples for sample validity test from pre-employment/workplace and suspected SOA settings in Saudi Arabia over one year. All preliminary immunoassay screen-positive urine sample drug tests were confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrophotometry. This article found that the prevalence of tampering (diluted, substituted, or invalid tests) in urine samples from the pre-employment/workplace and suspected settings were 0.87% and 0.69%, respectively. The percentage of diluted, substituted, adulterated and invalid urine specimens from the pre-employment/workplace and suspected cases were 75%, 21.4%, 1.7%, 1.7% and 63.6%, 36.4%, 0%, 0% respectively. The most common substance of abuse detected from the pre-employment/workplace and suspected specimens were cannabis, followed by amphetamines. We recommend that all urine samples taken for substance of abuse testing from both the pre-employment/workplace and suspected settings need to be investigated for validity.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"90 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79404521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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