Pub Date : 2017-07-12DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000334
R. Mirzaei, S. Moradi, H. Haghgoo
The present study aimed to validate the Changes in the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire Short-Form (CSFQ-14) and compare male addict’s sexual functioning to that of normal people. In this study, a causalcomparative design was used. A total of 101 men addicted to one or more substances, from addiction treatment centers in Semnan, and a total of 101 normal men from the staff of Semnan’s Universities were selected using a convenience sampling method. The instrument used in this study was the CSFQ which is a 14-item questionnaire. All the study data were analyzed using SPSS software. An exploratory factor analysis revealed 3 factors: 1) sexual pleasure factor (single-item), 2) mental factor (sexual desire) with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90, and 3) physical factor (orgasm and arousal) with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92. In addition, the results of a MANOVA analysis comparing the sexual functioning of sex addicts to that of non-addicts indicated significant differences between the two groups in all the three factors. Therefore, the validated instrument can be useful in assessing the changes in sexual functioning. The study results also rejected the claim that drugs can solve sexual problems or lead to a feeling of greater sexual pleasure.
{"title":"Standardization and Normalization of the Changes in the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire in Male Addicts and a Comparing Male Addict's Sexual Functioning with Normal People","authors":"R. Mirzaei, S. Moradi, H. Haghgoo","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000334","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to validate the Changes in the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire Short-Form (CSFQ-14) and compare male addict’s sexual functioning to that of normal people. In this study, a causalcomparative design was used. A total of 101 men addicted to one or more substances, from addiction treatment centers in Semnan, and a total of 101 normal men from the staff of Semnan’s Universities were selected using a convenience sampling method. The instrument used in this study was the CSFQ which is a 14-item questionnaire. All the study data were analyzed using SPSS software. An exploratory factor analysis revealed 3 factors: 1) sexual pleasure factor (single-item), 2) mental factor (sexual desire) with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90, and 3) physical factor (orgasm and arousal) with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92. In addition, the results of a MANOVA analysis comparing the sexual functioning of sex addicts to that of non-addicts indicated significant differences between the two groups in all the three factors. Therefore, the validated instrument can be useful in assessing the changes in sexual functioning. The study results also rejected the claim that drugs can solve sexual problems or lead to a feeling of greater sexual pleasure.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84106036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-11DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000331
Birhanu Jikamo Bago
Background: Cigarette smoking is a global health risk, causing increased health-care costs and loss of productivity among a number of age groups. Tobacco use in Africa, including Ethiopia, has attracted little attention, including among students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and its associated risk factors among students of Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Science. Methods: An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and its associated risk factors among students of Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Science. The team used systematic random sampling by determining the k value jumping some of the students from source population based on k intervals. The data was cleaned, coded and analyzed using SPSS version 20 and STATA version 12. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with cigarette smoking. Presence of confounders and interaction effects was investigated by computing relative changes on s coefficients at a cut-off point of 15%. Results and conclusion: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was 20.6% (95%CI: 0.61, 0.25). Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with students year of education (AOR=6.02; 95% CI: 2.09, 7.35), ever chewing Khat (AOR=20.99; 95% CI: 1.84, 4.3), age at start of smoking (AOR=2.21; 95% CI: 1.23, 6.12), ever drink alcohol (AOR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.43) and receiving information about harmful effects of smoking cigarettes (AOR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.43). Year of education, health education information, ever chewing Khat, ever drinking alcohol and age at start of smoking were significant factors for cigarette smoking. We recommend that students >20 years old be targeted with health education campaign focused on harmful effects of smoking tobacco.
{"title":"Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Its Associated Risk Factors among Students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2016","authors":"Birhanu Jikamo Bago","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000331","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cigarette smoking is a global health risk, causing increased health-care costs and loss of productivity among a number of age groups. Tobacco use in Africa, including Ethiopia, has attracted little attention, including among students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and its associated risk factors among students of Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Science. \u0000Methods: An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and its associated risk factors among students of Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Science. The team used systematic random sampling by determining the k value jumping some of the students from source population based on k intervals. \u0000The data was cleaned, coded and analyzed using SPSS version 20 and STATA version 12. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with cigarette smoking. Presence of confounders and interaction effects was investigated by computing relative changes on s coefficients at a cut-off point of 15%. \u0000Results and conclusion: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was 20.6% (95%CI: 0.61, 0.25). Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with students year of education (AOR=6.02; 95% CI: 2.09, 7.35), ever chewing Khat (AOR=20.99; 95% CI: 1.84, 4.3), age at start of smoking (AOR=2.21; 95% CI: 1.23, 6.12), ever drink alcohol (AOR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.43) and receiving information about harmful effects of smoking cigarettes (AOR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.43). Year of education, health education information, ever chewing Khat, ever drinking alcohol and age at start of smoking were significant factors for cigarette smoking. We recommend that students >20 years old be targeted with health education campaign focused on harmful effects of smoking tobacco.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"141 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73298552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.S11-E137
N. S. Miller
Drug addiction is the newest threat to the youth health and quality of life in global spectrum. World Health Organization (WHO) has been postulated the term ‘Substance abuse’ for such drug addiction related psychotic anomalies, which is taking lives of in an increasing rate. Only in USA, it has been seen in a study by National Center for Health Statistics that, from 2002 to 2015 there was a 2.2-fold increase in the total number of drug overdose deaths, which is a warning concern [1]. Another report has showed that, approximately 200,000 people worldwide die from drug abuse. Hence, control in such abusive use of psychotic drug is the most urgent need of time. Moreover, research and studies are the only way out to cope up the adverse effect of addictive drugs. Keeping that in aim, the present journal of Addictive Research and Therapy is presenting relevant information and providing positive contribution in the knowledge data base for addictive research.
吸毒成瘾是全球范围内对青少年健康和生活质量的最新威胁。世界卫生组织(WHO)将这种与药物成瘾有关的精神异常称为“药物滥用”，这种疾病正在以越来越多的速度夺走生命。仅在美国，美国国家卫生统计中心(National Center for Health Statistics)的一项研究发现，从2002年到2015年，药物过量死亡总人数增加了2.2倍，这是一个值得警惕的问题[1]。另一份报告显示，全世界大约有20万人死于滥用药物。因此，控制这种滥用精神药物是最迫切需要的时间。此外，研究和研究是应对成瘾药物不良影响的唯一途径。本着这一宗旨，本期《成瘾研究与治疗》杂志为成瘾研究提供了相关信息，并为成瘾研究的知识数据库提供了积极的贡献。
{"title":"Marijuana: Clinical, Research, Policy","authors":"N. S. Miller","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.S11-E137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.S11-E137","url":null,"abstract":"Drug addiction is the newest threat to the youth health and quality of life in global spectrum. World Health Organization (WHO) has been postulated the term ‘Substance abuse’ for such drug addiction related psychotic anomalies, which is taking lives of in an increasing rate. Only in USA, it has been seen in a study by National Center for Health Statistics that, from 2002 to 2015 there was a 2.2-fold increase in the total number of drug overdose deaths, which is a warning concern [1]. Another report has showed that, approximately 200,000 people worldwide die from drug abuse. Hence, control in such abusive use of psychotic drug is the most urgent need of time. Moreover, research and studies are the only way out to cope up the adverse effect of addictive drugs. Keeping that in aim, the present journal of Addictive Research and Therapy is presenting relevant information and providing positive contribution in the knowledge data base for addictive research.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73739361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-21DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000330
M. Uddin, M. Sufian, M. Kabir, Md. Farhad Hossain, M. Nasrullah, Israt Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, M. Islam, Sayema Khanum
Amphetamines are central nervous system (CNS) stimulants and belong to psychoactive drugs that affect chemicals in the brain, nerves and exert a constant contribution to hyperactivity and impulse control. The communal group of amphetamines comprises amphetamine, dextroamphetamine and methamphetamine. Amphetamines show its action on the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system by inducing release of dopamine and to some extent norepinephrine, in the synaptic clefts of the nucleus accumbens and other terminal areas. They offer not only a sense of euphoric state, but also addiction. Amphetamines are frequently prescribed for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults, narcolepsy and obesity. At therapeutic doses, amphetamine causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria, change in desire for sex, increased wakefulness, improved cognitive control, etc. The balance of benefit/risk is the main challenge for its clinical use. When overused these medications can be highly addictive, are often diverted from the user to be used as recreational drugs. Adverse effects include anxiety, aggression, headache, insomnia, hyperactivity, palpitations, increased breathing rate, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmia, dilated pupils, paranoia, etc. However, at large doses, these drugs may impair cognitive function and induce rapid muscle breakdown. Even higher doses may give rise to hallucinations, paranoia, psychosis and potentially lifethreatening conditions such as convulsions, stroke, kidney failure, etc. The furthermost serious health implications of amphetamine resulting from chronic use are dependence, considered by compulsive drug-seeking and drug use and a phenomenon notorious as amphetamine psychosis. Therefore the objective of this study was to explore the functions of the amphetamines as recreation drug of abuse.
{"title":"Amphetamines: Potent Recreational Drug of Abuse","authors":"M. Uddin, M. Sufian, M. Kabir, Md. Farhad Hossain, M. Nasrullah, Israt Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, M. Islam, Sayema Khanum","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000330","url":null,"abstract":"Amphetamines are central nervous system (CNS) stimulants and belong to psychoactive drugs that affect chemicals in the brain, nerves and exert a constant contribution to hyperactivity and impulse control. The communal group of amphetamines comprises amphetamine, dextroamphetamine and methamphetamine. Amphetamines show its action on the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system by inducing release of dopamine and to some extent norepinephrine, in the synaptic clefts of the nucleus accumbens and other terminal areas. They offer not only a sense of euphoric state, but also addiction. Amphetamines are frequently prescribed for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults, narcolepsy and obesity. At therapeutic doses, amphetamine causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria, change in desire for sex, increased wakefulness, improved cognitive control, etc. The balance of benefit/risk is the main challenge for its clinical use. When overused these medications can be highly addictive, are often diverted from the user to be used as recreational drugs. Adverse effects include anxiety, aggression, headache, insomnia, hyperactivity, palpitations, increased breathing rate, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmia, dilated pupils, paranoia, etc. However, at large doses, these drugs may impair cognitive function and induce rapid muscle breakdown. Even higher doses may give rise to hallucinations, paranoia, psychosis and potentially lifethreatening conditions such as convulsions, stroke, kidney failure, etc. The furthermost serious health implications of amphetamine resulting from chronic use are dependence, considered by compulsive drug-seeking and drug use and a phenomenon notorious as amphetamine psychosis. Therefore the objective of this study was to explore the functions of the amphetamines as recreation drug of abuse.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78043945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-09DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000329
Katrina Lewis, Chee Lee, J. Blanchard, S. Kantorovich, B. Meshkin, Ashley Brenton
A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted to determine the clinical utility of an algorithm-based precision medicine profile designed to assess risk associated with opioid use disorder in 5,315 patients in a clinical setting. Specifically, we sought to assess how physicians were using the profile and how its use affected patient outcomes. Ninety percent of all clinicians surveyed reported some benefit to their patient care, with the most utilization for changing the prescribed opioid and the most significant benefits from discontinuing opioids. Patients who received profile-guided care reported on average a 42% reduction in pain, and almost 40% of patients had >50% reduction in pain.
{"title":"Prospective, Longitudinal Study to Evaluate the Clinical Utility of a Predictive Algorithm to Detect Opioid Use Disorder in Chronic Pain Patients","authors":"Katrina Lewis, Chee Lee, J. Blanchard, S. Kantorovich, B. Meshkin, Ashley Brenton","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000329","url":null,"abstract":"A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted to determine the clinical utility of an algorithm-based precision medicine profile designed to assess risk associated with opioid use disorder in 5,315 patients in a clinical setting. Specifically, we sought to assess how physicians were using the profile and how its use affected patient outcomes. Ninety percent of all clinicians surveyed reported some benefit to their patient care, with the most utilization for changing the prescribed opioid and the most significant benefits from discontinuing opioids. Patients who received profile-guided care reported on average a 42% reduction in pain, and almost 40% of patients had >50% reduction in pain.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87914467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-02DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000328
A. M. Daum, Héctor Colón-Rivera, S. Nykiel
Medical visits encompass multiple medical issues, leaving little time to address substance use disorder issues, such as medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorders (OUD). This becomes a barrier to expanding Office-Based Opioid Treatment (OBOT), as many physicians express concern about treating high-risk patients under the current time constrained treatment model. Evidence shows that shared medical appointments (SMAs) are effective treatment models that increase health outcomes and are well received by patients. Research studies that come from primary care where large patient panels and limited access have necessitated the creation of innovative and efficient care delivery. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are chronic diseases comparable to diabetes and hypertension with similar treatment outcomes. Group therapy is well established as an effective, evidence-based treatment for SUDs. Using the SMA model with elements of group therapy to provide OBOT allows physicians to spend more time with their patients, albeit in a group setting. SMA for OBOT will allow these physicians more time with high-risk patients. When done with elements of group therapy, SMAs can provide quality and cost-effective treatment. This manuscript will provide an overview of the scope of the current opioid problem, current treatment practices and barriers to treatment as well as guidelines on how to implement SMA model in an integrated care setting.
{"title":"Shared Medical Appointments Role in the Opioid Epidemic Era: A Tool forIntegration of Care","authors":"A. M. Daum, Héctor Colón-Rivera, S. Nykiel","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000328","url":null,"abstract":"Medical visits encompass multiple medical issues, leaving little time to address substance use disorder issues, such as medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorders (OUD). This becomes a barrier to expanding Office-Based Opioid Treatment (OBOT), as many physicians express concern about treating high-risk patients under the current time constrained treatment model. Evidence shows that shared medical appointments (SMAs) are effective treatment models that increase health outcomes and are well received by patients. Research studies that come from primary care where large patient panels and limited access have necessitated the creation of innovative and efficient care delivery. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are chronic diseases comparable to diabetes and hypertension with similar treatment outcomes. Group therapy is well established as an effective, evidence-based treatment for SUDs. Using the SMA model with elements of group therapy to provide OBOT allows physicians to spend more time with their patients, albeit in a group setting. SMA for OBOT will allow these physicians more time with high-risk patients. When done with elements of group therapy, SMAs can provide quality and cost-effective treatment. This manuscript will provide an overview of the scope of the current opioid problem, current treatment practices and barriers to treatment as well as guidelines on how to implement SMA model in an integrated care setting.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79316680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-18DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000327
Stephen Parkin
A central tenet of qualitative research is to gain an understanding of the social worlds of others and to unpack the concomitant livedexperiences of a particular phenomenon in order to develop an appreciation of the way in which people negotiate relational aspects of daily life [1]. Accordingly, for this reason, qualitative research has been frequently used as a way of informing and developing social policy and/or issues relating to health improvement [2]. The field of substance use and drug dependency typically intersects these fields of policy and health improvement. As such, there now exists a wealth of policyfocused, substance-use related literature that may be traced back to the Chicago School of urban sociology [3].
{"title":"Synthesising Qualitative Research Methods (Observation and Participation) to Provide Deeper Understandings of Substance Use: A Commentary","authors":"Stephen Parkin","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000327","url":null,"abstract":"A central tenet of qualitative research is to gain an understanding of the social worlds of others and to unpack the concomitant livedexperiences of a particular phenomenon in order to develop an appreciation of the way in which people negotiate relational aspects of daily life [1]. Accordingly, for this reason, qualitative research has been frequently used as a way of informing and developing social policy and/or issues relating to health improvement [2]. The field of substance use and drug dependency typically intersects these fields of policy and health improvement. As such, there now exists a wealth of policyfocused, substance-use related literature that may be traced back to the Chicago School of urban sociology [3].","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74721620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-18DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000325
N. Brown
The previous study by Kearns and Brown used 200 volunteer participants attending a community AA program to determine what variables could distinguish between newcomers to the program, chronic relapsers and endurers. The discriminant analysis produced a factor that accounted for 80% of the variance with the group deviancy score on the GSQ loading at 0.69 and age as -0.84. This factor was termed “young and self-absorbed”. Presented here as a follow-up and guide for group leaders are the behavioral indicators and suggestions for coping with these behaviors to lessen their negative impact on the group, the members, the leader, and to prevent that member from being harmed in the group.
{"title":"Coping with Young Self-Absorbed Group Members","authors":"N. Brown","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000325","url":null,"abstract":"The previous study by Kearns and Brown used 200 volunteer participants attending a community AA program to determine what variables could distinguish between newcomers to the program, chronic relapsers and endurers. The discriminant analysis produced a factor that accounted for 80% of the variance with the group deviancy score on the GSQ loading at 0.69 and age as -0.84. This factor was termed “young and self-absorbed”. Presented here as a follow-up and guide for group leaders are the behavioral indicators and suggestions for coping with these behaviors to lessen their negative impact on the group, the members, the leader, and to prevent that member from being harmed in the group.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75024772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-17DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000326
C. Kouimtsidis
The current treatment paradigm for alcohol dependence of planned medically assisted detoxification and aftercare has two main limitations; (i) only a percentage of people are engaged and exposed to aftercare, which is considered to be the effective treatment component; and (ii) does not take into account the accumulating evidence of the adverse effect of repeated medically assisted detoxifications. The proposed new treatment paradigm of Structured Preparation before Alcohol Detoxification (SPADe) is based on the most recent cognitive theories of addiction and aims to reverse the automatized decision making process, support lifestyle changes and conscious decision making, while amount of alcohol and pattern of drinking are kept stable, before proceeding to medically assisted detoxification. The current paper comments on the Abstinence Preparation Group, which is one of those interventions developed and evaluated following the SPADe paradigm.
{"title":"Structured Preparation before Alcohol Detoxification; A Shift from the Current Treatment Paradigm","authors":"C. Kouimtsidis","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000326","url":null,"abstract":"The current treatment paradigm for alcohol dependence of planned medically assisted detoxification and aftercare has two main limitations; (i) only a percentage of people are engaged and exposed to aftercare, which is considered to be the effective treatment component; and (ii) does not take into account the accumulating evidence of the adverse effect of repeated medically assisted detoxifications. The proposed new treatment paradigm of Structured Preparation before Alcohol Detoxification (SPADe) is based on the most recent cognitive theories of addiction and aims to reverse the automatized decision making process, support lifestyle changes and conscious decision making, while amount of alcohol and pattern of drinking are kept stable, before proceeding to medically assisted detoxification. The current paper comments on the Abstinence Preparation Group, which is one of those interventions developed and evaluated following the SPADe paradigm.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85284386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-10DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000323
Moshgan Amiri, L. L. Larsen
Patients suffering from acute hypoxic episodes with respiratory failure and initial recovery, may in rare occasions present with neurological and neuropsychological symptoms occurring 2 to 4 weeks after recovery from the hypoxic episode. This rare entity is named Delayed Posthypoxic Leucoencephalopaty (DPHL). The patients present with typical MRI-findings of bilateral subcortical white matter lesions. The primary hypoxic episodes might, among other causes, be due to drug overdose with opioids, benzodiazepines and barbiturates. There is no evidence-based treatment for the condition and the majority of patients with DPHL recover spontaneously.
{"title":"Delayed Posthypoxic Leucoencephalopaty: Is a Rare Condition in Patients after Episodes with Hypoxia Due to Drug Overdose with Opioids, Benzodiazepines and Barbiturates, Among Other Causes","authors":"Moshgan Amiri, L. L. Larsen","doi":"10.4172/2155-6105.1000323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000323","url":null,"abstract":"Patients suffering from acute hypoxic episodes with respiratory failure and initial recovery, may in rare occasions present with neurological and neuropsychological symptoms occurring 2 to 4 weeks after recovery from the hypoxic episode. This rare entity is named Delayed Posthypoxic Leucoencephalopaty (DPHL). The patients present with typical MRI-findings of bilateral subcortical white matter lesions. The primary hypoxic episodes might, among other causes, be due to drug overdose with opioids, benzodiazepines and barbiturates. There is no evidence-based treatment for the condition and the majority of patients with DPHL recover spontaneously.","PeriodicalId":14828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89547997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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