M. Yano, S. Shiba, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Tagawa, T. Masui, Tomoyuki Ozawa, Yumi Warabi, Junko Saga, N. Hyodo, Tomoko Matsumoto, N. Azuma
Determination of Saccharin in foods by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after extraction with dialysis was developed. Five to twenty grams of samples were cut into pieces and transferred into a cellophane tubing with 30 ml of 0.1 N HCl. The tubing was submerged in 0.1 N HCl in a messcylinder so that the total volume reached 200 ml. After 24 h of dialization with occasional mixing, the dialysate was analysed by HPLC on a column of NH2 using methanol -1% phosphoric acid (4 : 6) as mobile phase, and the elution was monitored by the absorbance at 230 nm. The minimum measurable amount was 0.005 g/kg, and the recoveries when added to soysauce and grape juice at concentrations of 0.1 to 0.5 g/kg were 96-101.7%.
{"title":"Determination of Saccharin in Foods by High Performance Liquid Chromatography","authors":"M. Yano, S. Shiba, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Tagawa, T. Masui, Tomoyuki Ozawa, Yumi Warabi, Junko Saga, N. Hyodo, Tomoko Matsumoto, N. Azuma","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.196","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of Saccharin in foods by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after extraction with dialysis was developed. Five to twenty grams of samples were cut into pieces and transferred into a cellophane tubing with 30 ml of 0.1 N HCl. The tubing was submerged in 0.1 N HCl in a messcylinder so that the total volume reached 200 ml. After 24 h of dialization with occasional mixing, the dialysate was analysed by HPLC on a column of NH2 using methanol -1% phosphoric acid (4 : 6) as mobile phase, and the elution was monitored by the absorbance at 230 nm. The minimum measurable amount was 0.005 g/kg, and the recoveries when added to soysauce and grape juice at concentrations of 0.1 to 0.5 g/kg were 96-101.7%.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"62 2 1","pages":"196-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88872675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Headspace gas chromatographic analysis using a semi-wide bore capillary column and a dual detection system with a flame ionzation detector (FID) and an electron capture detector (ECD) was carried out for the simple and rapid simultaneous determination of 13 kinds of volatile organic pollutants : benzene (1), toluene (2), ethyl benzene (3), o-, m-and p-xylenes (4-6), monochlorobenzene (7), o-, m-and p-dichlorobenzenes (8-10), 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane (11), trichloroethylene (12) and tetrachloroethylene (13) in drinking water at low ppb (10-9g/ml) level. The effects of the headspace and syringe temperatures as well as the equilibration time and injection volume of headspace gas on the sensitivity and reproducibility of analysis were examined to find the optimal conditions. The capillary column permitted satisfactory separation of the target compounds except m-and p-xylenes (5 and 6) without interference by trihalomethanes in drinking water. FID was sensitive to all aromatic hydrocarbons (1-6) and monochlorobenzene (7) at 0.3-0.5 ppb, while ECD was poorly sensitive to them. By contrast, ECD was highly sensitive to chlorinated hydrocarbons (11-13) and aromatic chlorinated hydrocarbons except monochlorobenzene (8-10) with detection limits of 0.005-0.02 and 0.2-0.6 ppb, respectively, while FID was poorly sensitive to them. The coefficients of variation (n=4) in the simultaneous analysis using FID and ECD for sample water containing 0.1-20 ppb of the target compounds were 3.4-7.4% with good precision and reproducibility.
{"title":"Simultaneous Determination of Volatile Organic Pollutants in Water by Headspace Gas Chromatographic Analysis with Dual Detection","authors":"H. Ohno, T. Aoyama, H. Kishimoto","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.84","url":null,"abstract":"Headspace gas chromatographic analysis using a semi-wide bore capillary column and a dual detection system with a flame ionzation detector (FID) and an electron capture detector (ECD) was carried out for the simple and rapid simultaneous determination of 13 kinds of volatile organic pollutants : benzene (1), toluene (2), ethyl benzene (3), o-, m-and p-xylenes (4-6), monochlorobenzene (7), o-, m-and p-dichlorobenzenes (8-10), 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane (11), trichloroethylene (12) and tetrachloroethylene (13) in drinking water at low ppb (10-9g/ml) level. The effects of the headspace and syringe temperatures as well as the equilibration time and injection volume of headspace gas on the sensitivity and reproducibility of analysis were examined to find the optimal conditions. The capillary column permitted satisfactory separation of the target compounds except m-and p-xylenes (5 and 6) without interference by trihalomethanes in drinking water. FID was sensitive to all aromatic hydrocarbons (1-6) and monochlorobenzene (7) at 0.3-0.5 ppb, while ECD was poorly sensitive to them. By contrast, ECD was highly sensitive to chlorinated hydrocarbons (11-13) and aromatic chlorinated hydrocarbons except monochlorobenzene (8-10) with detection limits of 0.005-0.02 and 0.2-0.6 ppb, respectively, while FID was poorly sensitive to them. The coefficients of variation (n=4) in the simultaneous analysis using FID and ECD for sample water containing 0.1-20 ppb of the target compounds were 3.4-7.4% with good precision and reproducibility.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"9 1","pages":"84-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87156256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decrease in the Number of Cultured Vascular Endothelial Cells by Cadmium","authors":"T. Kaji, A. Mishima, C. Yamamoto, M. Sakamoto","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.P14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.P14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78706946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Koga, C. Ishida, N. Hanioka, K. Saeki, H. Yoshimura
{"title":"Enzymatic Hydroxylation of Tetrachlorobiphenyls in Rats","authors":"N. Koga, C. Ishida, N. Hanioka, K. Saeki, H. Yoshimura","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.P8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.P8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80882373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tanada, S. Shinoda, Takeo Nakamura, T. Harada, J. Ohtsu
{"title":"Studies on the Adsorption Characteristics of Trichloroethylene onto Activated Carbon Fiber in Gaseous Phase","authors":"S. Tanada, S. Shinoda, Takeo Nakamura, T. Harada, J. Ohtsu","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"5 1","pages":"93-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88694945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Discrimination of soil samples in forensic science using organic components in the soil was investigated by Curie-point pyrolysis gas chromatography (PyGC). Pyrograms of soils under the conditions of pyrolysis temperature (590°C) and time (3 s), showed various patterns. In addition, fifteen constituents of phenolic aromatics in pyrolysis products were identified by GC-MS (PyGC-MS). The amounts of toluene and phenol, derived from lignin, and those of 2-methylfuran and furfural derived from polysaccharide in the soil showed quantitative differences. Consequently, the comparison of these pyrolysis products may be useful for the structural analysis of organic matter in the soil, and is useful for the discrimimation of soils in forensic science.
{"title":"土壌の裁判化学的研究(第1報)土壌の熱分解生成物を指標とする地域特定について","authors":"睦男 中山, 義彦 藤田, 敬三 神原, 信子 中山, 直樹 三尾, 仁人 松本, 利夫 佐藤","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.38","url":null,"abstract":"Discrimination of soil samples in forensic science using organic components in the soil was investigated by Curie-point pyrolysis gas chromatography (PyGC). Pyrograms of soils under the conditions of pyrolysis temperature (590°C) and time (3 s), showed various patterns. In addition, fifteen constituents of phenolic aromatics in pyrolysis products were identified by GC-MS (PyGC-MS). The amounts of toluene and phenol, derived from lignin, and those of 2-methylfuran and furfural derived from polysaccharide in the soil showed quantitative differences. Consequently, the comparison of these pyrolysis products may be useful for the structural analysis of organic matter in the soil, and is useful for the discrimimation of soils in forensic science.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"103 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89594402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are normal habitants in an aquatic environment such as river, estuarine, coastal and sea water, but include some species pathogenic for human. Currently 37 species are reported in the genus Vibrio, and 11 species in the genus Vibrio are recognized to be pathogenic for human. Of these pathogenic species, V. cholerae is well known as pathogen of epidemic cholera, and V. parahaemolyticus is the most important food poisoning bacterium in Japan. V. cholerae is serologically classified into two groups, V. cholerae Ol and non-Ol, namely NAG vibrio. V. cholerae Ol is an actual cholera vibrio causing epidemic cholera, characterized by severe watery diarrhea caused by cholera toxin. In the humen history, there were 7 worldwide cholera pandemics. On the other hand, some strains of non-Ol also cause diarrhea, but the symptoms are not so severe and not contagious. Therefore, non-Ol is defined as a food poisoning bacterium. In recent years, 40 to 60% of the food poisoning outbreaks are due to V. parahaemolyticus. V. mimicus and V. fluvialis are also recognized as food poisoning bacteria. In addition to these diarrhogenic vibrios, significance of V. vulnificus as a pathogen of opportunistic infection is suggested recently, because the vibrio occasionally causes fatal septicemia to aged patients having underlying disease, such as hepatic dysfunction. Sea foods in markets are frequently contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus in summer season, and V. cholerae non-Ol and V. mimicus are universal inhabitants in fresh or brackish water regions. Thus, the pathogenic vibrios are important bacteria in food sanitation control.
{"title":"Pathogenic vibrios and food sanitation of marine products","authors":"S. Shinoda","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.38.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.38.99","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are normal habitants in an aquatic environment such as river, estuarine, coastal and sea water, but include some species pathogenic for human. Currently 37 species are reported in the genus Vibrio, and 11 species in the genus Vibrio are recognized to be pathogenic for human. Of these pathogenic species, V. cholerae is well known as pathogen of epidemic cholera, and V. parahaemolyticus is the most important food poisoning bacterium in Japan. V. cholerae is serologically classified into two groups, V. cholerae Ol and non-Ol, namely NAG vibrio. V. cholerae Ol is an actual cholera vibrio causing epidemic cholera, characterized by severe watery diarrhea caused by cholera toxin. In the humen history, there were 7 worldwide cholera pandemics. On the other hand, some strains of non-Ol also cause diarrhea, but the symptoms are not so severe and not contagious. Therefore, non-Ol is defined as a food poisoning bacterium. In recent years, 40 to 60% of the food poisoning outbreaks are due to V. parahaemolyticus. V. mimicus and V. fluvialis are also recognized as food poisoning bacteria. In addition to these diarrhogenic vibrios, significance of V. vulnificus as a pathogen of opportunistic infection is suggested recently, because the vibrio occasionally causes fatal septicemia to aged patients having underlying disease, such as hepatic dysfunction. Sea foods in markets are frequently contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus in summer season, and V. cholerae non-Ol and V. mimicus are universal inhabitants in fresh or brackish water regions. Thus, the pathogenic vibrios are important bacteria in food sanitation control.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"11 1","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73471269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Low dose (10mg/kg as rare earth elements) or high dose (50 mg/kg as rare earth elements) of 4 kinds of rare earth element solutions, i. e. dysprosium chloride (DyCl3), europium chloride (EuCl3), ytterbium chloride (YbCl3) and yttrium chloride (YCl3), were administered intravenously from the caudal vein of rat, and the distribution and the histological change in the tissues were investigated at the 8th days after the administration. The rusults were as follows : 1) The administered rare earth elements were mainly accumulated in the liver, spleen and bone. The concentrations of rare earth elements in the kidney, pancreas and heart were low. No rare earth elements was detected from the muscle and whole blood. 2) More than 3 times of amounts of the rare earth elements were accumulated in the spleen of rats when administered low dose of YCl3, and higher amounts of the rare earth elements were accumulated in the bone of the rats administered YbCl3 compared to the rats administered other rare earth elements of low dose. On the contrary, the difference in the pattern of accumulation in the various organs was not observed when administered high dose. The distribution (% of dose) of the rare earth elements in the spleen tended to elevate but those in the bone tended to be lower in the bone of the rats administered high dose. 3) No obvious change was observed in the liver of the rat administered low dose. The deposition of the brown substance or xenobiotics was observed in the spleens of the rats administered low dose of DyCl3 and YCl3. The reaction of macrophage was observed in the spleen of the rats administered low dose of YCl3. 4) The formation of xenobiotic glanuloma was observed in the spleen when the rats administered high dose of rare earth elements. Therefore, when the chlorides of Dy, Eu, Yb and Y were administered to the rats intravenously, the administered rare earth elements accumulated mainly in the liver, spleen and bone and the formation of glanuloma was observed in the spleen when high dose administered.
{"title":"希土類元素の生体影響に関する研究(第2報)静脈内投与時のジスプロシウム(Dy), ユーロピウム(Eu), イッテルビウム(Yb), イットリウム(Y)のラットにおける体内分布及び組織学的変化","authors":"中村 優美子, 津村 ゆかり, 泰秀 外海, 正文 金本, 尚弘 坪井, 村上 喜八郎, 伊藤 誉志男","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.37.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.37.489","url":null,"abstract":"Low dose (10mg/kg as rare earth elements) or high dose (50 mg/kg as rare earth elements) of 4 kinds of rare earth element solutions, i. e. dysprosium chloride (DyCl3), europium chloride (EuCl3), ytterbium chloride (YbCl3) and yttrium chloride (YCl3), were administered intravenously from the caudal vein of rat, and the distribution and the histological change in the tissues were investigated at the 8th days after the administration. The rusults were as follows : 1) The administered rare earth elements were mainly accumulated in the liver, spleen and bone. The concentrations of rare earth elements in the kidney, pancreas and heart were low. No rare earth elements was detected from the muscle and whole blood. 2) More than 3 times of amounts of the rare earth elements were accumulated in the spleen of rats when administered low dose of YCl3, and higher amounts of the rare earth elements were accumulated in the bone of the rats administered YbCl3 compared to the rats administered other rare earth elements of low dose. On the contrary, the difference in the pattern of accumulation in the various organs was not observed when administered high dose. The distribution (% of dose) of the rare earth elements in the spleen tended to elevate but those in the bone tended to be lower in the bone of the rats administered high dose. 3) No obvious change was observed in the liver of the rat administered low dose. The deposition of the brown substance or xenobiotics was observed in the spleens of the rats administered low dose of DyCl3 and YCl3. The reaction of macrophage was observed in the spleen of the rats administered low dose of YCl3. 4) The formation of xenobiotic glanuloma was observed in the spleen when the rats administered high dose of rare earth elements. Therefore, when the chlorides of Dy, Eu, Yb and Y were administered to the rats intravenously, the administered rare earth elements accumulated mainly in the liver, spleen and bone and the formation of glanuloma was observed in the spleen when high dose administered.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"1 1","pages":"489-496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81814619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The influence of dichlorodifluoromethane (freon 12) on the formation and decomposition of ozone by ultraviolet rays irradiated from a low pressure mercury vapor quartz lamp has been studied. The lamp used in this study was cylinder shaped 15 W and its main spectral lines were 184.9 nm and 253.7 nm. Freon gas was supplied to the annular middle space of a triple structure pipe that had the lamp in its center. Then, with ultraviolet rays irradiating from the lamp, the relationship between chlorine concentration and freon flow rate was examined. Likewise, air with a small amount of freon gas was supplied to the middle space. The intensity of ultraviolet rays (184.9 nm) after passing through the freon layer was also examined. In a further experiment, freon gas was supplied into the middle space and air with ozone whose concentration was kept constant (10 ppm) was supplied to the annular outside space of the pipe. Then, with ultraviolet rays irradiating from the lamp, the relationship between the decomposition ratio and the gas flow rate was examined. The following results were obtained : (1) Ozone is not decomposed by freon alone. (2) Freon is quite able to pass through 253.7 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays, but it hinders the formation of ozone by easily absorbing 184.9 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays. Ozone was not formed when air was mixed with freon gas of over 0.9 vol%. As the freon flow rate decreased, the formation rate of ozone gradually increased, up to 90% in the case of 0.025 vol%. (3) Freon absorbs 184.9 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays, and part of it forms chlorine after being decomposed. The highest chlorine concentrations recognized, in the case of a 0.11 l/min freon gas flow rate, was 900 ppm. The chlorine concentration produced was in proportion to the ratio of freon in the air. (4) After passing through the freon layer, 253.7 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays are able to decompose ozone without hindrance. That is to say, freon itself does not affect the decomposition of ozone by these ultraviolet rays.
{"title":"Formation and decomposition of ozone by ultraviolet rays. III : The influence of dichlorodifluoromethane on the formation and decomposition of ozone","authors":"F. Watanabe, O. Shimomura","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.37.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.37.337","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of dichlorodifluoromethane (freon 12) on the formation and decomposition of ozone by ultraviolet rays irradiated from a low pressure mercury vapor quartz lamp has been studied. The lamp used in this study was cylinder shaped 15 W and its main spectral lines were 184.9 nm and 253.7 nm. Freon gas was supplied to the annular middle space of a triple structure pipe that had the lamp in its center. Then, with ultraviolet rays irradiating from the lamp, the relationship between chlorine concentration and freon flow rate was examined. Likewise, air with a small amount of freon gas was supplied to the middle space. The intensity of ultraviolet rays (184.9 nm) after passing through the freon layer was also examined. In a further experiment, freon gas was supplied into the middle space and air with ozone whose concentration was kept constant (10 ppm) was supplied to the annular outside space of the pipe. Then, with ultraviolet rays irradiating from the lamp, the relationship between the decomposition ratio and the gas flow rate was examined. The following results were obtained : (1) Ozone is not decomposed by freon alone. (2) Freon is quite able to pass through 253.7 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays, but it hinders the formation of ozone by easily absorbing 184.9 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays. Ozone was not formed when air was mixed with freon gas of over 0.9 vol%. As the freon flow rate decreased, the formation rate of ozone gradually increased, up to 90% in the case of 0.025 vol%. (3) Freon absorbs 184.9 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays, and part of it forms chlorine after being decomposed. The highest chlorine concentrations recognized, in the case of a 0.11 l/min freon gas flow rate, was 900 ppm. The chlorine concentration produced was in proportion to the ratio of freon in the air. (4) After passing through the freon layer, 253.7 nm wavelength ultraviolet rays are able to decompose ozone without hindrance. That is to say, freon itself does not affect the decomposition of ozone by these ultraviolet rays.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"6 1","pages":"337-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75905087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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