Journal of American College Health最新文献

Objective: To better understand college students' perceptions of animal product consumption, this study's purpose was to examine associations between student characteristics and attitudes toward red meat, dairy consumption, and plant-based alternatives. Participants: The participants were a stratified random sample of 5,300 students from Kansas State University, with 528 fully completed surveys, representing a 10% completion rate. Methods: A 25-item survey assessed demographics and perceptions, with data dimensionality reduced using principal component analysis (PCA), revealing five factors. Linear regressions identified associations between student characteristics and attitudes. Results: Most respondents were female (67%), aged 18-25 years (89%), white (87%), late undergraduates (53%), and omnivorous (92%). College affiliation (p < .01) and self-reported dietary eating patterns (p < .05) were consistently associated with perceptions of red meat and dairy. Race/ethnicity (p < .01), agricultural knowledge (p < .05), and population size (p < .01) also showed significant associations with specific perceptions of red meat and dairy. Conclusions: Students affiliated with the College of Agriculture and those with omnivorous diets had more positive views on red meat and dairy compared to others. Despite trends toward plant-based diets, students at this land-grant institution generally viewed red meat and dairy positively.

Objective: This systematic review synthesizes results of small-scale studies previously conducted at colleges from all five U.S. regions to explore associations between food insecurity, minority status, and academic outcomes on a larger scale. Methods: Narrative analysis of studies from 12 U.S. colleges examines the associations between race and food insecurity, and food insecurity and educational outcomes. Results: Studies consistently demonstrate a higher prevalence of food insecurity in minority students, specifically African American and Hispanic students. Several studies demonstrate a statistically significant correlation between food insecurity and diminished academic outcomes. Discussion: These studies display similar trends, indicating that minority groups are disproportionally affected by food insecurity and that food-insecure groups are more likely to experience worse academic outcomes. While no causal relationships can be drawn from this qualitative analysis, findings suggest that there is an interplay between the variables of food insecurity, race, and decreased academic achievements.

Objective: The primary goal was to evaluate college student sports gambling experiences and behaviors. Participants: A college student convenience sample (n = 575) was recruited at an on-campus health service during the fall 2024 semester. Methods: Clinical, public health, and health promotion staff collaborated to create a 16-item survey derived from validated screening tools, a recent national poll, and novel questions of interest informed by staff experience. Descriptive statistics summarize key data, chi-square analysis evaluates demographic differences, and an exploratory thematic analysis categorizes qualitative feedback. Results: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in sports gambling experiences and behaviors for enrollment level and gender. Students reported knowing people with sports betting problems, experiencing pressure to sports gamble, and expressed concern about the online sports betting industry. Bettors endorsed several at risk behaviors. Conclusion: These findings identify opportunities for greater research, prevention, and support of college students around this rapidly evolving issue.

Objective: We aimed to understand the current state of the grey literature pertaining to substance use policies on Canadian university campuses.

Methods: We followed Arksey and O'Malley's 5-step framework, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched institution webpages, the Centre for Innovation in Campus Mental Health(CICMH) and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) websites for policy and/or guiding documents targeting student substance use on university campuses, published between 2012 to 2024.

Results: A total of 118 documents were included (Institutions, n = 110; CICMH, n = 7; CAMH, n = 1). Institution documents included government regulations, outlined consumption rules in residence, and banned smoking. Few provided harm-reduction strategies. CICMH and CAMH documents encouraged applying whole-campus approaches when regulating substance use.

Conclusions: Most institutions focused on individual-level approaches to regulation, and lacked comprehensive, action-based approaches. CICMH and CAMH documents can help create comprehensive, balanced approaches for harm reduction.

Neisseria meningitidis is a gram-negative organism known to cause invasive bacterial disease including meningitis and sepsis. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a pathogen in the same genus and causes gonorrhea, a common sexually transmitted infection that often manifests as urethritis. N. meningitidis can also cause urethritis, yet diagnosis is difficult as it is not detectable on routine gonococcal testing. We present a case of a patient with N. meningitidis urethritis, and discuss the epidemiology and approach to diagnosis and treatment of this illness. It is important to keep N. meningitidis in the differential diagnosis for patients with nongonococcal urethritis.

Objective: To examine HIV/STI testing behaviors, awareness of self-sampling kits, and knowledge of PrEP among minority college students attending a large public university in North Texas. Participants: A convenience sample of 110 students (64.8% Black, 35.2% Hispanic/Latino) completed an anonymous online survey between October and November 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional survey assessed sexual behaviors, HIV/STI testing history, self-sampling, PrEP awareness, and condom use. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results: Most participants had never tested for HIV (73.6%) or STIs (68.2%). Awareness of self-sampling kits (23.6%) and PrEP (18.2%) was low; only 2.7% had used a kit, and inconsistent condom use was common. Despite these risks, most recognized that young adults remain vulnerable to HIV (91.8%) and STIs (97.3%). Conclusions: Persistent disparities and limited awareness of prevention resources exist among minority college students. Expanding culturally relevant education, PrEP outreach, and self-sampling access is essential to advance sexual health equity.

Objective: Explore the role of food security status (FSS), financial literacy attitude (FLA), and interactive nutrition literacy (INL) on diet quality of college-aged students.

Participants: Undergraduate and graduate students (N = 883) at one land-grant university.

Methods: A cross-sectional convenience sample completed an online survey investigating FSS, INL, FLA, short Healthy Eating Index (sHEI) score, and sHEI subscales.

Results: Positive correlation between INL and FLA (r = 0.26, p < 0.001), INL and sHEI (r = 0.35, p < 0.001), and FLA and sHEI (r = 0.12, p < 0.001). Negative correlation between FLA and FSS (r = -0.37, p < 0.001). INL strongly predicted the total sHEI-score (β = 0.27), and food insecurity negatively predicted FLA (β = -0.25).

Conclusions: This study provides evidence to support wellness interventions targeting financial and nutrition literacy in college students to improve their food security and diet quality, reducing the risk of future chronic disease development.

Objective: This study sought to better understand the relationship between alcohol use, living arrangement, and interactions with same-aged peers among college students after campus closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Participants: The analytic sample consisted of 861 students.

Methods: College students in a longitudinal study were invited to complete an additional survey in July 2020.

Results: Living with family after campus closure was associated with decreased odds of drinking. In-person interactions with peers who did not attend the same college was associated with greater odds of any alcohol use; texting with these peers was associated with greater average and maximum drinks.

Conclusions: After campus closure, living with family was protective against any alcohol use, whereas interacting with peers who did not attend the same college appeared more influential on drinking. Time away from college campus, including during socially restrictive periods, has implications for alcohol use and peer influence.

Objective: This study examines the relationship between diet quality, lifestyle factors, psychological flexibility, and resilience, with a focus on the potential mediating role of psychological flexibility. Participants: A total of 401 college student records were assessed, with approximately 58% identifying as female and a mean age of 19 years. Method: An anonymous online survey was distributed over social media platforms targeting U.S. colleges. The associations between the variables were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) in Mplus software. Results: Eating breakfast five or more times per week (b = 0.12, 95% CI = [0.035, 0.229], B = 0.14), and consuming fast food three or fewer times per week (b = 0.09, 95% CI = [0.001, 0.196], B = 0.10) were associated with increased resilience through psychological flexibility processes. In contrast, female gender (b = -0.11, 95% CI = [-0.222, -0.023], B = -0.13) and getting fewer than 6 h of sleep at night (b = -0.10, 95% CI = [-0.342, -0.100], B = -0.24) were associated with lower resilience through psychological flexibility processes. Independent of psychological flexibility, consuming fish oil four or more times per week (b = 0.41, p = .017), exercising more than 20 min daily (B = 0.22, p = .032), alcohol consumption (B = 0.29, p = .003), and pursuing a higher degree (B = 0.15, p = .014) were directly associated with higher resilience, while marijuana use (B = -0.42, p < .001), was directly associated with lower resilience. Conclusion: There is a direct positive association between psychological flexibility and resilience, suggesting that psychological flexibility may be a predictor of higher resilience.