Journal of American College Health最新文献

Objective: Examine the relationship between the change in food insecurity status and depressive symptoms before and during COVID periods in undergraduates.

Participants: Undergraduates (n = 850) surveyed for the College Relationships and Experiences project in November 2019 (wave 1) and May 2020 (wave 2).

Methods: Multivariable logistic regression examined the association between (1) food insecurity and elevated depressive symptoms at each wave and (2) elevated depressive symptoms at wave 2 and change in food insecurity status from wave 1 to wave 2.

Results: Food insecure (FI) students had over twice the odds of elevated depressive symptoms at both timepoints compared to their food-secure (FS) counterparts. Compared to those who stayed FS, students who changed from FI to FS and those who remained FI had higher odds of depressive symptoms at wave 2.

Conclusions: Pre-pandemic FI status is a crucial factor influencing elevated depressive symptoms both before and during the pandemic.

Objective: The present study's aim was to examine the effect of fitspiration on body dissatisfaction and exercise motivation in female Division I athletes compared to non-Division I athletes.

Participants: Participants consisted of 197 female Division I athletes (n = 102) and non-athletes (n = 95).

Methods: Participants were randomized into a fitspiration (viewing fitspiration images) or a control group (viewing travel images) and completed measures of body dissatisfaction and exercise motivation pre- and post-exposure to the images.

Results: Regardless of athletic status, participants in the fitspiration group had increased body dissatisfaction, and participants in the control group had decreased body dissatisfaction. However, non-athletes had increased exercise motivation compared to athletes, regardless of image group.

Conclusions: Fitspiration should be consumed with caution due to its negative effects on body dissatisfaction for both athletes and non-athletes, but exposure to fitspiration or travel images may increase exercise motivation in non-athletes.

Objective: Examine associations between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and diet quality (DQ) in college students. Participants: Analysis included 695 participants ages 18-39 years. Methods: Dietary data were collected using the online Diet History Questionnaires II and III. The Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020) adult score assessed DQ. NOVA classification was used to identify UPFs. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between %EI from UPF and HEI-2020 total and component scores, controlling for gender, race, smoking, campus meal plan, and EI. Results: Mean age was 19.2 years. In fully adjusted models a statistically significant inverse association was found between %EI from UPF and HEI-2020 total scores (F = 40.72, p < 0.001, R²=0.27), all HEI adequacy scores except whole grains (not significant) and dairy (weak positive association), and for saturated fat, refined grains, and sodium scores. Conclusions: Addressing UPF intake in young adult college students could be a potential strategy to improve DQ.

Background:This study examines how mental health literacy and social media use for health information influence intentions to use teletherapy among college students. Using the theory of planned behavior, the present study also explores how these relationships are mediated by attitudes toward teletherapy, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.Methods:Data were collected through an online survey with 143 college students. We conducted a series of hierarchical regression analyses and a path analysis using structural equation modeling to test hypotheses.Results:The results indicate that mental health literacy is a stronger predictor of intentions to use teletherapy than social media use. While social media use directly affects intentions to use teletherapy, the influence of mental health literacy is mediated by students' attitudes toward teletherapy and subjective norms.The overall results highlight the importance of mental health literacy as a key antecedent to positive attitudes toward teletherapy and favorable perceptions of supportive surroundings.Discussion:The findings suggest that health centers at higher education institutions should adopt a more proactive approach through social media to raise awareness about mental health issues, reduce stigma, and educates students on available care options.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a two-part, thirteen-week holistic mindfulness intervention on perceived stress, burnout risk, mindfulness levels, life satisfaction, academic resilience, and first-semester retention among first-year nursing students.

Background: First-year nursing students report significantly higher perceived stress rates than their non-nursing peers. Elevated stress and burnout levels can negatively impact retention. Upstream interventions that enhance students' ability to manage stress and prevent burnout may help reduce stress, lower the risk of burnout, and improve resilience.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Methods: Sixty-four first-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing students at a large public university completed a 13-week mindfulness intervention with a weeklong 6-day immersive program delivered before the first semester. Students completed well-being assessments measuring perceived stress, resilience, burnout, life satisfaction, and mindfulness (PSS, ARS, OBI, SWLS, and FFMQ) at campus arrival, end of the first week, and near the semester's end.

Results: Students demonstrated a significant increase in mindfulness. Those who progressed in the program exhibited a reduced risk of burnout and greater life satisfaction. There was no significant change in life satisfaction or perceived stress, and a slight decrease in academic resilience. Four participants did not progress from the first to the second semester, limiting analysis of the program's influence on retention. The majority of students did progress.

Conclusion: Future research should examine the role of baseline academic resilience and burnout in nursing program retention. Randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess the effectiveness of resilience and burnout interventions on nursing student well-being and retention.

Objectives: Theory suggests that students who base their self-worth on academic successes and setbacks risk poor mental health because their self-esteem is unstable. This hypothesis should be revisited given recent evidence that academic contingent self-worth (ACSW) is multidimensional, with some dimensions related to threats to mental health and other dimensions unrelated or inversely related to said threats. Participants and methods: Therefore, the present research examined, in an undergraduate sample (N = 273), whether self-esteem instability mediated the link between different ACSW dimensions and stress and three types of well-being (psychological, emotional, and social). Results: Supporting predictions, at two time points, self-esteem instability mediated the link between the general-contingency dimension and heightened stress and diminishment of the three types of well-being; conversely, the positive-contingency dimension related to lower stress and higher psychological and emotional well-being. Conclusions: We discuss possible reasons different ACSW dimensions differentially relate to mental health threats and suggest ways to reduce the vulnerability of students high in general ACSW.

Objective: Assess the impact of interventions on laboratory testing practices, focusing on alignment with evidence-based medicine (EBM), clinical decision-making, and value of care.

Participants: Seventeen providers and 263 patients at a university health center.

Methods: A retrospective chart review compared pre-intervention (1/1/20-2/28/20 and 7/1/21-11/29/21) and post-intervention (12/12/22-1/26/23) data. Signal detection theory (SDT) analysis evaluated changes in clinical decision-making. Cost analyses were based on Student Health Plan enrollees.

Results: Non-EBM orders initially accounted for 39% of Chem-HDLs and 32% of CBCs, reducing to 4.5% and 16% outside EBM and lowering costs by 23% and 68%, respectively. SDT analysis revealed improvements in Chem-HDL discrimination, increasing from 0.40 to 0.99 (p < .05), with reduced miss rates (40.2% to 17.2%, p < .01).

Conclusions: Standardizing laboratory testing aligns care with EBM, improves provider discrimination, and reduces costs. These findings highlight a model for enhancing clinical decision-making and optimizing preventive care in university health settings.

Objective: Safety behaviors are meant to mitigate social anxiety but can exacerbate symptoms over time. College health professionals work with many students experiencing social anxiety. Understanding how safety behaviors change over a semester could inform work with these students. This study aimed to 1) examine longitudinal changes in safety behaviors in college students, 2) examine potential moderators of change in safety behaviors.

Participants: Participants included 212 undergraduates at a mid-sized, private university in the U.S.

Methods: Participants completed four weekly surveys.

Results: Safety behaviors decreased over time regardless of year in school (b = -1.52, p < .001). This decrease was not moderated by participants' average levels of social anxiety or positive or negative affect.

Conclusions: The semester's beginning may be a time of increased reliance on safety behaviors in college students, but safety behaviors can decrease overtime in a nonclinical college population without intervention.

Objective: Poor dental hygiene is deleterious to overall health. The objective of this study is to assess factors that influence dental health behaviors of college students by applying constructs of the TPB.

Participants: Three hundred and seventy (n = 370) college students, between the ages of 18 to 24, were recruited from a large university in the southeastern United States.

Methods: Survey data were collected electronically via Qualtrics; binary logistic regression was used for analysis.

Results: The sample (n = 370) consisted primarily of students aged 21 (n = 124, 33.5%), female (n = 337, 91.1%), and Non-Hispanic White (n = 294, 79.5%). Only 233 (63%) met the recommendations for brushing; and only 74 (20%) met the recommendation for interdental cleaning. Bivariate regression analysis indicated subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were significant.

Conclusions: Findings indicate that interventions should focus on normative beliefs and perceived behavioral control by exploring external factors and teaching students how to master the practice of dental hygiene behaviors.

Objective: This study explored coping strategies (CSs) used by food-insecure graduate students with different levels of food insecurity (FI) and examined resource-related factors influencing these strategies.

Participants: A total of 502 (10.8%) graduate students from a university in Louisiana completed an online survey.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized a 47-item survey to collect data on demographics, FI, CSs, and campus food resources. Five regression models and chi-square analyses assessed relationships (p ≤ 0.05) between FI levels (FI, low food security [LFS], and very low food security [VLFS]) and use of CSs.

Results: FI prevalence was 49%. Money-related CSs significantly predicted FI throughout its spectrum. Additional predictors for FI overall and VLFS included awareness of campus resources and use of campus-based CSs. All CSs were significantly associated with FI overall and VLFS, while LFS presented a different pattern.

Conclusions: Most food-insecure students experience VLFS, though FI status and use of CSs can fluctuate.