Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938980
Yang Weng, C. Faloutsos, M. Ilie, R. Negi
Traditional power system state estimation methods lack the ability to track and manage increasing uncertainties inherent in the new technologies, such as recent and ongoing massive penetration of renewable energy, distribution intelligence, and plug-in electric vehicles. To deal with the inability, a recent work proposes to utilize the unused historical data for power system state estimation. Although able to achieve much higher accuracy, the new approach is slow due to the burden by sequential similarity check over large volumes of high dimensional historical measurements, making it unsuitable for online services. This calls for a general approach to preprocess the historical data. In this paper, we propose to achieve such a goal with three steps. First, because the power systems are with periodic patterns, which create clustered measurement data, dimension reduction is proposed to remove redundancy, but still able to retrieve similar measurements. To further reduce the computational time, the k-dimensional tree indexing approach is employed in step two to group the clustered power system data into a tree structure, resulting in a log-reduction over searching time. Finally, we verify the obtained historical power system states via AC power system model and the current measurements to filter out bad historical data. Simulation results show that the new method can dramatically reduce the necessary computational time for online data-driven state estimation, while producing a highly accurate state estimate.
{"title":"Speed up of data-driven state estimation using low-complexity indexing method","authors":"Yang Weng, C. Faloutsos, M. Ilie, R. Negi","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938980","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional power system state estimation methods lack the ability to track and manage increasing uncertainties inherent in the new technologies, such as recent and ongoing massive penetration of renewable energy, distribution intelligence, and plug-in electric vehicles. To deal with the inability, a recent work proposes to utilize the unused historical data for power system state estimation. Although able to achieve much higher accuracy, the new approach is slow due to the burden by sequential similarity check over large volumes of high dimensional historical measurements, making it unsuitable for online services. This calls for a general approach to preprocess the historical data. In this paper, we propose to achieve such a goal with three steps. First, because the power systems are with periodic patterns, which create clustered measurement data, dimension reduction is proposed to remove redundancy, but still able to retrieve similar measurements. To further reduce the computational time, the k-dimensional tree indexing approach is employed in step two to group the clustered power system data into a tree structure, resulting in a log-reduction over searching time. Finally, we verify the obtained historical power system states via AC power system model and the current measurements to filter out bad historical data. Simulation results show that the new method can dramatically reduce the necessary computational time for online data-driven state estimation, while producing a highly accurate state estimate.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125841255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939155
Xiong Wu, Xiuli Wang, Z. Bie, Pingliang Zeng
This paper proposes two real-time energy management strategies from both the perspectives of economy and stability, which could be categorized as optimization method and heuristic method. The optimization method constructs an optimization model, aiming at minimizing the total operational cost in least violation of the schedule, to yield a real-time power dispatch scheme for distributed generators (DGs). The heuristic method dispatches the deviated power from schedule based on economy and feasibility. Both methods are applicable to microgrids in different scenarios. Case studies were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The results indicate that the optimization method is efficient to handle complicated situation considering various constraints while the heuristic method can provides a good real-time scheme with low time consumption.
{"title":"Real-time energy management strategies for microgrids","authors":"Xiong Wu, Xiuli Wang, Z. Bie, Pingliang Zeng","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939155","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes two real-time energy management strategies from both the perspectives of economy and stability, which could be categorized as optimization method and heuristic method. The optimization method constructs an optimization model, aiming at minimizing the total operational cost in least violation of the schedule, to yield a real-time power dispatch scheme for distributed generators (DGs). The heuristic method dispatches the deviated power from schedule based on economy and feasibility. Both methods are applicable to microgrids in different scenarios. Case studies were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The results indicate that the optimization method is efficient to handle complicated situation considering various constraints while the heuristic method can provides a good real-time scheme with low time consumption.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129400798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939921
Jie Yan, R. Bo, M. Ni
This research proposes a systematic approach to identify critical assets that support the efficiency of electricity markets. NERC standards CIP provides guidance on the identification and protection of critical cyber assets that support the reliability of power systems. Those assets don't include properties that are critical to the efficiency of electricity markets. However, attacking such properties may cost electricity market customers millions of dollars. This systematic approach fills the gap, and identifies the assets that have significant impacts on the market efficiency. The methodology is to analyze congested flowgates in an electricity market. It starts from a full list of the congested flowgates, and rank the congested flowgates with Estimated Potential Benefit (EPB) calculation. Top congested flowgates are then obtained. Apply correlation calculation to the top congested flowgates. A final list of critical congested flowgates is generates as a result. The simulation is performed on an ISO market. It identifies a short list of critical congested flowgates in the ISO market. Attacking one of those critical congested flowgates may cost the ISO market averagely thousands of dollars per hour. Future study is to develop security mechanisms for the critical congested flowgates. It includes both cyber security measures and physical security measures.
{"title":"An economic-based cyber-security framework for identifying critical assets","authors":"Jie Yan, R. Bo, M. Ni","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939921","url":null,"abstract":"This research proposes a systematic approach to identify critical assets that support the efficiency of electricity markets. NERC standards CIP provides guidance on the identification and protection of critical cyber assets that support the reliability of power systems. Those assets don't include properties that are critical to the efficiency of electricity markets. However, attacking such properties may cost electricity market customers millions of dollars. This systematic approach fills the gap, and identifies the assets that have significant impacts on the market efficiency. The methodology is to analyze congested flowgates in an electricity market. It starts from a full list of the congested flowgates, and rank the congested flowgates with Estimated Potential Benefit (EPB) calculation. Top congested flowgates are then obtained. Apply correlation calculation to the top congested flowgates. A final list of critical congested flowgates is generates as a result. The simulation is performed on an ISO market. It identifies a short list of critical congested flowgates in the ISO market. Attacking one of those critical congested flowgates may cost the ISO market averagely thousands of dollars per hour. Future study is to develop security mechanisms for the critical congested flowgates. It includes both cyber security measures and physical security measures.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133919207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939469
E. Ciapessoni, D. Cirio, A. Pitto
Cascading stems from the interaction between control, protection, and defense systems, and it is affected by uncertainties in system models and external factors. An evaluation of cascading thus requires the collection of exhaustive and reliable data. Uncertainties could be accounted for by applying Monte Carlo techniques to time domain simulation, but a large computational effort would be implied. Static cascading simulation approaches are more suitable to carry out probabilistic cascading evaluation. However, the issue of consistency between static and dynamic simulation outcome arises. The present paper reports results from benchmarking quasi-static, cascading simulation used in the operational risk assessment tool PRACTICE against a time domain simulator. The comparison, performed on the model of a realistic power system, highlights the consistency of the quasi-static approach with time domain simulations at least in the early stages of cascading.
{"title":"Cascadings in large power systems: Benchmarking static vs. time domain simulation","authors":"E. Ciapessoni, D. Cirio, A. Pitto","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939469","url":null,"abstract":"Cascading stems from the interaction between control, protection, and defense systems, and it is affected by uncertainties in system models and external factors. An evaluation of cascading thus requires the collection of exhaustive and reliable data. Uncertainties could be accounted for by applying Monte Carlo techniques to time domain simulation, but a large computational effort would be implied. Static cascading simulation approaches are more suitable to carry out probabilistic cascading evaluation. However, the issue of consistency between static and dynamic simulation outcome arises. The present paper reports results from benchmarking quasi-static, cascading simulation used in the operational risk assessment tool PRACTICE against a time domain simulator. The comparison, performed on the model of a realistic power system, highlights the consistency of the quasi-static approach with time domain simulations at least in the early stages of cascading.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126835940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939924
Haneen Aburub, W. Jewell
This paper presents an optimal generation planning study implemented in MATPOWER that includes bulk electric energy storage and renewables to optimize the operating cost of bulk energy storage and transmission system conditions.
{"title":"Optimal generation planning to improve storage cost and system conditions","authors":"Haneen Aburub, W. Jewell","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939924","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an optimal generation planning study implemented in MATPOWER that includes bulk electric energy storage and renewables to optimize the operating cost of bulk energy storage and transmission system conditions.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131367013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939353
Dingguo Chen, Lu Wang, Sahil Kumar
As an important AGC function, Economic Dispatch (ED) dispatches generating units based on real-time snapshot conditions in the most economical manner, Predictive Economic Dispatch with Time (PED) issues dispatch instructions to move generating units to meet the current and future net load demands based on “predicted” conditions. The effectiveness of the dispatch instructions is entirely determined by the accuracy of the “predicted” conditions, which in turn largely depend on two things in the smart grid environment: the accuracy of projected load over the dispatch horizon; and the accuracy of the projected renewable generation. This paper proposes to make use of perturbation analysis on the solution obtained and makes recommendations as to how to best utilize the capability of PED to produce the dispatch instructions that consider economics, forecast inaccuracies, and practical usefulness.
{"title":"Solution quality analysis on predictive economic dispatch with time","authors":"Dingguo Chen, Lu Wang, Sahil Kumar","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939353","url":null,"abstract":"As an important AGC function, Economic Dispatch (ED) dispatches generating units based on real-time snapshot conditions in the most economical manner, Predictive Economic Dispatch with Time (PED) issues dispatch instructions to move generating units to meet the current and future net load demands based on “predicted” conditions. The effectiveness of the dispatch instructions is entirely determined by the accuracy of the “predicted” conditions, which in turn largely depend on two things in the smart grid environment: the accuracy of projected load over the dispatch horizon; and the accuracy of the projected renewable generation. This paper proposes to make use of perturbation analysis on the solution obtained and makes recommendations as to how to best utilize the capability of PED to produce the dispatch instructions that consider economics, forecast inaccuracies, and practical usefulness.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117099719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-30DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939268
N. Curry, P. Pillay
As anaerobic digestion waste to energy systems become more prevalent in North America, the design, sizing, and implementation of the combined heat and power (CHP) outputs require further investigation. Based on commonly digested substrates, recommendations are provided for the type and size of machines available for generation of electricity. Implementation concerns are investigated for grid-tied and off-grid biogas power systems from 20 kW up to 2,000 kW.
{"title":"Electric generators for biomass waste to energy systems","authors":"N. Curry, P. Pillay","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939268","url":null,"abstract":"As anaerobic digestion waste to energy systems become more prevalent in North America, the design, sizing, and implementation of the combined heat and power (CHP) outputs require further investigation. Based on commonly digested substrates, recommendations are provided for the type and size of machines available for generation of electricity. Implementation concerns are investigated for grid-tied and off-grid biogas power systems from 20 kW up to 2,000 kW.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122355506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938968
M. Papic, S. Agarwal, J. Bian, R. Billinton, C. Dent, I. Dobson, P. Jirutitijaroen, Wenyuan Li, Thomas Menten, J. Mitra, A. Schneider, C. Singh, V. V. Vadlamudi
A companion paper (Part I) presents the basic concepts of dependent and common mode outages, the causes for their origins in the bulk electric system (BES) and the subsequent effects from a reliability perspective. This paper describes the practical outage data collection efforts in vogue in North America and parts of Europe, with particular emphasis on outage data statistics corresponding to dependent and common mode outages. The goal is to eventually be able to obtain standard, representative reliability indices for typical transmission elements such as lines and transformers from the available outage data.
{"title":"Effects of dependent and common mode outages on the reliability of bulk electric system — Part II: Outage data analysis","authors":"M. Papic, S. Agarwal, J. Bian, R. Billinton, C. Dent, I. Dobson, P. Jirutitijaroen, Wenyuan Li, Thomas Menten, J. Mitra, A. Schneider, C. Singh, V. V. Vadlamudi","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938968","url":null,"abstract":"A companion paper (Part I) presents the basic concepts of dependent and common mode outages, the causes for their origins in the bulk electric system (BES) and the subsequent effects from a reliability perspective. This paper describes the practical outage data collection efforts in vogue in North America and parts of Europe, with particular emphasis on outage data statistics corresponding to dependent and common mode outages. The goal is to eventually be able to obtain standard, representative reliability indices for typical transmission elements such as lines and transformers from the available outage data.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123024119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939098
A. Rogers, A. Henderson, X. Wang, M. Negnevitsky
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is one of the most promising mature electrical energy storage (EES) technologies. In this paper, recent technological and thermodynamic advances in CAES are examined. This review includes an examination of the three major thermodynamic approaches to CAES, an overview of air and thermal storage systems, and an examination of CAES in a distributed application. An economic analysis is then offered in order to determine the commercial viability of this technology.
{"title":"Compressed air energy storage: Thermodynamic and economic review","authors":"A. Rogers, A. Henderson, X. Wang, M. Negnevitsky","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939098","url":null,"abstract":"Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is one of the most promising mature electrical energy storage (EES) technologies. In this paper, recent technological and thermodynamic advances in CAES are examined. This review includes an examination of the three major thermodynamic approaches to CAES, an overview of air and thermal storage systems, and an examination of CAES in a distributed application. An economic analysis is then offered in order to determine the commercial viability of this technology.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115647837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938915
P. Vithayasrichareon, I. MacGill
This paper assesses the impacts of incorporating short-term generation dispatch into long-term generation portfolio planning frameworks. A case study of a power system with coal, combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT), open cycle gas turbine (OCGT) and wind generation options highlights that incorporating operational criteria into the long-term generation investment and planning analysis can have operating, economic and emissions implications for the different generation portfolios. The extent of the impacts depends on a number of factors including dispatch strategies, carbon price and the mix of technologies within the portfolio. As variable generation within power systems increases and carbon pricing begins to change the merit order, such short-term operational considerations will become more significant for generation investment and planning.
{"title":"Impacts of generation-cycling costs on future electricity generation portfolio investment","authors":"P. Vithayasrichareon, I. MacGill","doi":"10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6938915","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the impacts of incorporating short-term generation dispatch into long-term generation portfolio planning frameworks. A case study of a power system with coal, combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT), open cycle gas turbine (OCGT) and wind generation options highlights that incorporating operational criteria into the long-term generation investment and planning analysis can have operating, economic and emissions implications for the different generation portfolios. The extent of the impacts depends on a number of factors including dispatch strategies, carbon price and the mix of technologies within the portfolio. As variable generation within power systems increases and carbon pricing begins to change the merit order, such short-term operational considerations will become more significant for generation investment and planning.","PeriodicalId":149134,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123095068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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