Pub Date : 2017-12-14DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.04.1
A. H. N. Kamdje, G. Kalgong, R. S. Tagne, J. M. Amvene, C. Nangue
Abstract: Background : Cervical cancer is a major cause of women death worldwide. The reduction of the mortality and morbidity of this pathology depends on the early detection based on powerful suitable screening methods, that will lead to optimal treatment strategies. However in some rural region of developing countries, it is very difficult to get access to standard screening methods, alternative screening methods, cheaper and easy to handle are then useful. Objective : The aim of this work was to test the sensitivity and specificity of VIA (Visual inspection with acetic acid) and VILI (Visual inspection with lugol iodine) as screening test of cervical cancer compared to the Pap Smear, evaluating the feasibility in health formation in the North Cameroon region, of implementing epidemiological surveillance of cervical cancer based on early diagnosis using the VIA-VILI association Method : 309 women age 20 to 62 years were recruited in this study, 307 were included in the statistical analyzes. Each woman was screened for cervical cancer by a conventional Smear and visual inspection with acetic acid 5% and the lugol solution. Results : We found in our study a prevalence of precancerous lesions of cervix at 12.70%. The risks factors of cervical cancer identified are age, matrimonial status, age of first sexual intercourse and parity. The association of VIA and VILI showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value respectively about 93.58%; 97.01%; 82.01%, 99.04%. Conclusion : Compared to PAP Smear, VIA or VILI could be used as an alternative screening methods for cervical cancer in developing countries. However, histology test was recommended to use a « Gold Standard » to evaluate the test accuracy of VIA/VILI because it can be used to diagnose cancer, while PAP smear cannot.
{"title":"An Inquiry on the Social and Education Status of Women from Northern Cameroon Suffering Cervical Cancer and the State of Knowledge of their Disease","authors":"A. H. N. Kamdje, G. Kalgong, R. S. Tagne, J. M. Amvene, C. Nangue","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.04.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.04.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background : Cervical cancer is a major cause of women death worldwide. The reduction of the mortality and morbidity of this pathology depends on the early detection based on powerful suitable screening methods, that will lead to optimal treatment strategies. However in some rural region of developing countries, it is very difficult to get access to standard screening methods, alternative screening methods, cheaper and easy to handle are then useful. Objective : The aim of this work was to test the sensitivity and specificity of VIA (Visual inspection with acetic acid) and VILI (Visual inspection with lugol iodine) as screening test of cervical cancer compared to the Pap Smear, evaluating the feasibility in health formation in the North Cameroon region, of implementing epidemiological surveillance of cervical cancer based on early diagnosis using the VIA-VILI association Method : 309 women age 20 to 62 years were recruited in this study, 307 were included in the statistical analyzes. Each woman was screened for cervical cancer by a conventional Smear and visual inspection with acetic acid 5% and the lugol solution. Results : We found in our study a prevalence of precancerous lesions of cervix at 12.70%. The risks factors of cervical cancer identified are age, matrimonial status, age of first sexual intercourse and parity. The association of VIA and VILI showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value respectively about 93.58%; 97.01%; 82.01%, 99.04%. Conclusion : Compared to PAP Smear, VIA or VILI could be used as an alternative screening methods for cervical cancer in developing countries. However, histology test was recommended to use a « Gold Standard » to evaluate the test accuracy of VIA/VILI because it can be used to diagnose cancer, while PAP smear cannot.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84452265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-06DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.3
M. Eren, A. Eren, B. Yücel, Seher Bahar, A. Çinkaya, R. Matsuno, N. Beşe
Background : Aim of this study is to classify intrinsic subtypes and evaluate the differences in clinical/pathological characteristics and survival outcomes among the molecular types. Patients and Methods : Breast cancer subtypes were classified according to the 2013 St. Gallen Consensus. Five molecular subtypes were determined, Luminal A, Luminal B-like HER2 negative, Luminal B-like HER2 positive, HER2 positive, and triple negative. Data was obtained from the records of patients with invasive breast cancer retrospectively. The differences in clinical/pathological parameters, overall survival and disease-free survival among the molecular subtypes were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox regression tests were used to compare groups. Results : The median follow-up period is 48 months. The Luminal B-HER2 negative was the most prevalent type (26.6%). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics and survival data were analyzed. The Luminal A and Luminal B-HER2 negative subtypes had significantly higher overall survival and disease-free survival rates. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that tumor stage, more than 3 positive axillary lymph node involvement, and breast cancer subtype as significant factors for overall survival and disease-free survival ( p<0.05 ). Triple Negative subtype had a higher relative hazard of local recurrence and distant metastasis (HR=2.69, 95% CI=1.47; 4.95). Conclusions : Breast cancer subtype has significant impact on overall survival and disease-free survival rates. While Luminal A and luminal B HER2 negative subtypes have better outcome, triple negative and HER2- subtypes remain poor.
{"title":"Association between Molecular Subtypes and Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer","authors":"M. Eren, A. Eren, B. Yücel, Seher Bahar, A. Çinkaya, R. Matsuno, N. Beşe","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Aim of this study is to classify intrinsic subtypes and evaluate the differences in clinical/pathological characteristics and survival outcomes among the molecular types. Patients and Methods : Breast cancer subtypes were classified according to the 2013 St. Gallen Consensus. Five molecular subtypes were determined, Luminal A, Luminal B-like HER2 negative, Luminal B-like HER2 positive, HER2 positive, and triple negative. Data was obtained from the records of patients with invasive breast cancer retrospectively. The differences in clinical/pathological parameters, overall survival and disease-free survival among the molecular subtypes were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox regression tests were used to compare groups. Results : The median follow-up period is 48 months. The Luminal B-HER2 negative was the most prevalent type (26.6%). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics and survival data were analyzed. The Luminal A and Luminal B-HER2 negative subtypes had significantly higher overall survival and disease-free survival rates. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that tumor stage, more than 3 positive axillary lymph node involvement, and breast cancer subtype as significant factors for overall survival and disease-free survival ( p<0.05 ). Triple Negative subtype had a higher relative hazard of local recurrence and distant metastasis (HR=2.69, 95% CI=1.47; 4.95). Conclusions : Breast cancer subtype has significant impact on overall survival and disease-free survival rates. While Luminal A and luminal B HER2 negative subtypes have better outcome, triple negative and HER2- subtypes remain poor.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"21 1","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81133901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-06DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.1
A. H. N. Kamdje, G. Kalgong, P. T. Kamga, R. S. Tagne, J. M. Amvene, C. Nangue
Background : Cervical cancer is a major cause of women death worldwide. The reduction of the mortality and morbidity of this pathology depends on the early detection based on powerful suitable screening methods, that will lead to optimal treatment strategies. However in some rural region of developing countries, it is very difficult to get access to standard screening methods, alternative screening methods, cheaper and easy to handle are then useful. Objective : The aim of this work was to test the sensitivity and specificity of VIA (Visual inspection with acetic acid) and VILI (Visual inspection with lugol iodine) as a diagnostic test of cervical cancer compared to the Pap Smear, evaluating the feasibility in health formation in the North Cameroon region, of implementing epidemiological surveillance of cervical cancer based on early diagnosis using the VIA-VILI association Method : 309 women age 20 to 62 years were recruited in this study, 307 were included in the statistical analyzes. Each woman was screened for cervical cancer by a conventional Smear and visual inspection with acetic acid 5% and the lugol solution. Results : We found in our study a prevalence of precancerous lesions of cervix at 12.70%. The risks factors of cervical cancer identified are age, matrimonial status, age of first sexual intercourse and parity. The association of VIA and VILI showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value respectively about 93.58%; 97.01%; 82.01%, 99.04%. Conclusion : Compared to PAP Smear, VIA or VILI could be used as an alternative screening methods for cervical cancer in developing countries, where it is difficult to access to more accurate test such as colposcopy and biopsy.
{"title":"Knowledge and Behavior of Women on Cervical Cancer in the Northern Region of Cameroon","authors":"A. H. N. Kamdje, G. Kalgong, P. T. Kamga, R. S. Tagne, J. M. Amvene, C. Nangue","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Cervical cancer is a major cause of women death worldwide. The reduction of the mortality and morbidity of this pathology depends on the early detection based on powerful suitable screening methods, that will lead to optimal treatment strategies. However in some rural region of developing countries, it is very difficult to get access to standard screening methods, alternative screening methods, cheaper and easy to handle are then useful. Objective : The aim of this work was to test the sensitivity and specificity of VIA (Visual inspection with acetic acid) and VILI (Visual inspection with lugol iodine) as a diagnostic test of cervical cancer compared to the Pap Smear, evaluating the feasibility in health formation in the North Cameroon region, of implementing epidemiological surveillance of cervical cancer based on early diagnosis using the VIA-VILI association Method : 309 women age 20 to 62 years were recruited in this study, 307 were included in the statistical analyzes. Each woman was screened for cervical cancer by a conventional Smear and visual inspection with acetic acid 5% and the lugol solution. Results : We found in our study a prevalence of precancerous lesions of cervix at 12.70%. The risks factors of cervical cancer identified are age, matrimonial status, age of first sexual intercourse and parity. The association of VIA and VILI showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value respectively about 93.58%; 97.01%; 82.01%, 99.04%. Conclusion : Compared to PAP Smear, VIA or VILI could be used as an alternative screening methods for cervical cancer in developing countries, where it is difficult to access to more accurate test such as colposcopy and biopsy.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"180 1","pages":"125-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88773164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-25DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.3
Dominique Vanessa Sob Djuendje, A. H. N. Kamdje, B. Nkégoum
In the year 2000, a wide campaign of screening and treatment of the dysplastic lesions of the cervix was initiated in Cameroun. The precancerous lesions of the cervix are the most important demonstration of gynecological infection by the AIDS. As these lesions remain little documented in Cameroun, we carried out a study which the goal was to determine the prevalence of the precancerous lesions among positive AIDS women. It is about a descriptive study with a retrospective collection of data carried out between 2010 and 2016 among 253 positive AIDS women having carried out a consultation in the Hospital complex and University of Yaounde aged from 18 to 80 years. The analysis of the data was essentially carried on: the age, clinical Factors data of risk of the precancerous lesions, anatomo-pathological search of precancerous lesion. AIDS status and/or the catch the antiretroviral one. The Software SPSS was used for the analysis of data. The test of Chi2 for the comparison of the variables. A variable was considered significant if P<0,05. 53 women presented precancerous lesions i.e. 20,94%. The lesions were in 92% of the squamous lesions with intra epithelial of low rank and in 8% of the squamous lesions with intra epithelial of high rank. 22 women (38%) were aged between 36 and 45 years; 22 women (40%) were housewives; 18 women (31%) were single people; 36 women (67%) were multipares; 45 women (85%) did not smoke; 33 women (62%) had a peak of CD4 located between 500-1000/mm3;14 women (26%) did not have opportunist diseases 10 women (19%) had the zona, 8 women (15%) of tuberculosis and 9 women (17%) suffered from HTA. Because of the high potential risk of precancerous lesions in our population of study, we recommend a regular clinical follow-up of the patients presenting high factors of risk, and a widened access to antiretroviral.
{"title":"Prevalence of precancerous lesions among positive HIV women in the hospital complex and University of Yaounde (Cameroun)","authors":"Dominique Vanessa Sob Djuendje, A. H. N. Kamdje, B. Nkégoum","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"In the year 2000, a wide campaign of screening and treatment of the dysplastic lesions of the cervix was initiated in Cameroun. The precancerous lesions of the cervix are the most important demonstration of gynecological infection by the AIDS. As these lesions remain little documented in Cameroun, we carried out a study which the goal was to determine the prevalence of the precancerous lesions among positive AIDS women. It is about a descriptive study with a retrospective collection of data carried out between 2010 and 2016 among 253 positive AIDS women having carried out a consultation in the Hospital complex and University of Yaounde aged from 18 to 80 years. The analysis of the data was essentially carried on: the age, clinical Factors data of risk of the precancerous lesions, anatomo-pathological search of precancerous lesion. AIDS status and/or the catch the antiretroviral one. The Software SPSS was used for the analysis of data. The test of Chi2 for the comparison of the variables. A variable was considered significant if P<0,05. 53 women presented precancerous lesions i.e. 20,94%. The lesions were in 92% of the squamous lesions with intra epithelial of low rank and in 8% of the squamous lesions with intra epithelial of high rank. 22 women (38%) were aged between 36 and 45 years; 22 women (40%) were housewives; 18 women (31%) were single people; 36 women (67%) were multipares; 45 women (85%) did not smoke; 33 women (62%) had a peak of CD4 located between 500-1000/mm3;14 women (26%) did not have opportunist diseases 10 women (19%) had the zona, 8 women (15%) of tuberculosis and 9 women (17%) suffered from HTA. Because of the high potential risk of precancerous lesions in our population of study, we recommend a regular clinical follow-up of the patients presenting high factors of risk, and a widened access to antiretroviral.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"73 1","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75792254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-25DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.4
A. Singh, Neeti Sharma
Circulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new class of non coding RNA molecules which regulate many crucial molecular and biological processes. We have aimed to shed light on the roles of circulatory miRNAs in Prostate Cancer (PCa) using an integrative in silico bioinformatics approach. We have described a new protocol for target prediction and functional analysis which was applied to 40 highly differentially dysregulated circulatory miRNAs in PCa. This framework comprises: (i) evidence of involvement of these circulatory miRNAs from previous literature and microarray analysis (ii) overlap of prediction results by target prediction tools, including miRTarBase, miRDB, DIANA- microT 4.0 and TargetScan (combining computational learning, alignment, interaction energy and statistical tests for minimization of false positives), (iii) gene ontology (GO) along with pathway enrichment analysis of the miRNA targets and their pathways and (iv) linking these pathways to oncogenesis and cancer hallmarks. More than 200 target genes and 40 regulatory pathways were retrieved and analysed which was followed by associating their roles with cancer hallmark processes. Wnt signalling, Cell cycle, MAPK signalling, Cadherin signalling, Integrin signalling and Ras pathways were some of the identified regulatory pathways during bioinformatics analysis. These signalling and developmental pathways crosstalk and regulate stem cell renewal thus indicating a definite role of circulatory miRNAs in PCa development. Our study identified miR-181, miR-9, Let-7 family, miR-26b circulatory miRNAs, to be contributing majorly in the oncogenic pathways, thus proposing their role as potential biomarkers in PCa initiation and progression.
{"title":"In silico Meta-Analysis of Circulatory microRNAs in Prostate Cancer","authors":"A. Singh, Neeti Sharma","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.4","url":null,"abstract":"Circulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new class of non coding RNA molecules which regulate many crucial molecular and biological processes. We have aimed to shed light on the roles of circulatory miRNAs in Prostate Cancer (PCa) using an integrative in silico bioinformatics approach. We have described a new protocol for target prediction and functional analysis which was applied to 40 highly differentially dysregulated circulatory miRNAs in PCa. This framework comprises: (i) evidence of involvement of these circulatory miRNAs from previous literature and microarray analysis (ii) overlap of prediction results by target prediction tools, including miRTarBase, miRDB, DIANA- microT 4.0 and TargetScan (combining computational learning, alignment, interaction energy and statistical tests for minimization of false positives), (iii) gene ontology (GO) along with pathway enrichment analysis of the miRNA targets and their pathways and (iv) linking these pathways to oncogenesis and cancer hallmarks. More than 200 target genes and 40 regulatory pathways were retrieved and analysed which was followed by associating their roles with cancer hallmark processes. Wnt signalling, Cell cycle, MAPK signalling, Cadherin signalling, Integrin signalling and Ras pathways were some of the identified regulatory pathways during bioinformatics analysis. These signalling and developmental pathways crosstalk and regulate stem cell renewal thus indicating a definite role of circulatory miRNAs in PCa development. Our study identified miR-181, miR-9, Let-7 family, miR-26b circulatory miRNAs, to be contributing majorly in the oncogenic pathways, thus proposing their role as potential biomarkers in PCa initiation and progression.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"18 1","pages":"107-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79742601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-25DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.2
R. Santos-Oliveira, Thaís Ligiéro Braga, Filipe Leal Portilho
Breast cancer is the main leading type of cancer for women around the world and is responsible for 522,000 deaths per year worldwide. In order to reduce this number, clinicians and researchers are always looking for new strategies and protocols. However, the treatment for breast cancer is challenging and requires as much information as possible. To this end, we conducted a review of all protocols used for breast cancer treatment in the last 35 years with the objective to help clinicians to choose the best treatment possible available in their region. Many of the protocols are international references, and for that reason have been used in many countries like USA and Europe. The data, depicted in tables, may be helpful for clinicians worldwide and researchers to better understand the evolution of breast cancer protocols such as helping make daily routine decisions.
{"title":"Breast Cancer Treatment Protocols: Systematic Review of the Last 35 Years","authors":"R. Santos-Oliveira, Thaís Ligiéro Braga, Filipe Leal Portilho","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.2","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the main leading type of cancer for women around the world and is responsible for 522,000 deaths per year worldwide. In order to reduce this number, clinicians and researchers are always looking for new strategies and protocols. However, the treatment for breast cancer is challenging and requires as much information as possible. To this end, we conducted a review of all protocols used for breast cancer treatment in the last 35 years with the objective to help clinicians to choose the best treatment possible available in their region. Many of the protocols are international references, and for that reason have been used in many countries like USA and Europe. The data, depicted in tables, may be helpful for clinicians worldwide and researchers to better understand the evolution of breast cancer protocols such as helping make daily routine decisions.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"364 1","pages":"57-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80324941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-25DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.1
V. Zaichick
Prostate cancer is an internationally important health problem in man, particularly in developed countries. The aim of this exploratory study was to clarify the differences between the prostatic levels of chemical elements in patients with malignantly transformed prostate (PCa) and healthy male inhabitance. Prostatic tissue levels of 66 chemical elements were prospectively evaluated in 60 patients with PCa and 37 healthy males. Measurements were performed using a combination of five non-destructive and destructive analytical methods. A significant increase in the mean level of Ag, Al, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Br, Ce, Cr, Cu, Dy, Er, Fe, Gd, Hg, Ho, Li, Mn, Nd, Ni, Pr, Sb, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, Y and Zr accompanied a decrease in the mean level of Ca, Cd, Co, K, Mg, Na, P, Rb, S, Sc, Se, and Zn was observed in the cancerous prostates. It was not found any differences in the mean prostatic level of other chemical elements including Cs, La, Mo, Nb, P, Pb, U, and Yb between PCa patients and healthy males. This work’s results reveal that in malignantly transformed prostate the chemical element metabolism is drastically disturbed.
{"title":"Differences between 66 Chemical Element Contents in Normal and Cancerous Prostate","authors":"V. Zaichick","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer is an internationally important health problem in man, particularly in developed countries. The aim of this exploratory study was to clarify the differences between the prostatic levels of chemical elements in patients with malignantly transformed prostate (PCa) and healthy male inhabitance. Prostatic tissue levels of 66 chemical elements were prospectively evaluated in 60 patients with PCa and 37 healthy males. Measurements were performed using a combination of five non-destructive and destructive analytical methods. A significant increase in the mean level of Ag, Al, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Br, Ce, Cr, Cu, Dy, Er, Fe, Gd, Hg, Ho, Li, Mn, Nd, Ni, Pr, Sb, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, Y and Zr accompanied a decrease in the mean level of Ca, Cd, Co, K, Mg, Na, P, Rb, S, Sc, Se, and Zn was observed in the cancerous prostates. It was not found any differences in the mean prostatic level of other chemical elements including Cs, La, Mo, Nb, P, Pb, U, and Yb between PCa patients and healthy males. This work’s results reveal that in malignantly transformed prostate the chemical element metabolism is drastically disturbed.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"37-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82060632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-25DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.5
A. Ntekim, O. Folasire, A. Folasire
Background : Cancer is a major health problem. Successful management includes adequate supportive care. Nutritional problems are common among cancer patients and these are not routinely addressed by oncologists during oncology care leading to suboptimal outcome even in developed countries. In Nigeria and other low and medium income countries, the situation is worse as nutritional screening and assessment of cancer patients are not routinely carried out. Objectives : To determine the proportion of cancer patients at risk of malnutrition and compare convergence of risk assessment using SGA and MUST tools. Methods : This was a prospective study carried out among cancer patients who presented for cancer care in the Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria. Nutritional assessment tools which included Malnutrition Universal Scoring Tool (MUST) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) were used to assess the nutritional status of the participants. Results : A total of 89 patients aged between 18 and 85 years participated in the study. The number of males were 13 (15%) while females were 76(85%). In our study 54 (60.8%) of our patients were at risk of malnutrition using the malnutrition universal scoring tool (MUST) scale while 53(60%) were malnourished using the subjective global assessment (SGA) scale. The reliability for the classifications using the MUST and SGA scales was positive (moderate) [Kappa = 0.584 (p<0.0005), 95% CI (0.410, 0.758)]. Conclusion : There is a high proportion of clinical malnutrition among cancer patients in the study population. According to this study, there was similarity between the classifications of nutritional risk, using the MUST and SGA tools.
{"title":"Prevalence of Malnutrition among Cancer Patients in a Nigerian Institution","authors":"A. Ntekim, O. Folasire, A. Folasire","doi":"10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.02.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Cancer is a major health problem. Successful management includes adequate supportive care. Nutritional problems are common among cancer patients and these are not routinely addressed by oncologists during oncology care leading to suboptimal outcome even in developed countries. In Nigeria and other low and medium income countries, the situation is worse as nutritional screening and assessment of cancer patients are not routinely carried out. Objectives : To determine the proportion of cancer patients at risk of malnutrition and compare convergence of risk assessment using SGA and MUST tools. Methods : This was a prospective study carried out among cancer patients who presented for cancer care in the Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria. Nutritional assessment tools which included Malnutrition Universal Scoring Tool (MUST) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) were used to assess the nutritional status of the participants. Results : A total of 89 patients aged between 18 and 85 years participated in the study. The number of males were 13 (15%) while females were 76(85%). In our study 54 (60.8%) of our patients were at risk of malnutrition using the malnutrition universal scoring tool (MUST) scale while 53(60%) were malnourished using the subjective global assessment (SGA) scale. The reliability for the classifications using the MUST and SGA scales was positive (moderate) [Kappa = 0.584 (p<0.0005), 95% CI (0.410, 0.758)]. Conclusion : There is a high proportion of clinical malnutrition among cancer patients in the study population. According to this study, there was similarity between the classifications of nutritional risk, using the MUST and SGA tools.","PeriodicalId":14957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"117-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81302446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-26DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.01.3
A. S. K. Koushik, R. Alva
Radiation therapy is a critical part of multi-modality management of head and neck cancers. Brachytherapy or internal radiation is an ideal method of treatment delivery to achieve the ultimate goal of radiation treatment, that is maximum dose to tumour and minimum dose to normal tissues. Brachytherapy enables the radiation oncologist to provide a perfect mixture of radiation physics, radiobiology and clinical acumen to counter head and neck cancers. Appropriate usage based on the clearly defined indications and simple methods can maximize the advantages of brachytherapy thus resulting in excellent outcomes. However, the steady decline in utilization of brachytherapy over the years coupled with the technological advances of highly conformal radiotherapy, have dented its broader application for head and neck cancers. Can the new age radiation oncologist afford to neglect this therapeutic skill set?
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Pub Date : 2017-01-26DOI: 10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.01.1
N. A. Os’kina, A. Avdalyan, D. Subbotin, A. Lazarev, A. Kel, N. Kushlinskii, M. Filipenko
One of the hotspots in clinical research today is molecular genetic analysis of structural DNA alterations. Working with DNA obtained from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens is particularly challenging, due to cross-linking and fragmentation of DNA. We performed a comparative analysis of DNA extraction methods from FFPE tissue using two in-house protocols and Qiagen (QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit) and Roche (High Pure FFPET DNA Isolation Kit) commercial kits presented in the Russian market and used in clinical practice. To assess the quantity and quality of the isolated DNA, we used the real-time PCR to rate DNA yield, the inhibited impurity content and the degree of fragmentation. Our findings may be useful for a medical laboratory that performs testing of somatic mutations for the targeted therapy selection, and researchers who specialized in tumor genome structure studies in respect to patient prognosis and prediction of the sensitivity or resistance of tumor cells to therapy.
DNA结构改变的分子遗传学分析是当今临床研究的热点之一。由于DNA的交联和断裂，使用从福尔马林固定和石蜡包埋(FFPE)组织标本中获得的DNA尤其具有挑战性。我们使用两种内部方案和Qiagen (QIAamp DNA FFPE组织试剂盒)和Roche(高纯FFPET DNA分离试剂盒)在俄罗斯市场上推出并用于临床实践的商用试剂盒，对FFPE组织的DNA提取方法进行了比较分析。为了评估分离DNA的数量和质量，我们使用real-time PCR对DNA产率、抑制杂质含量和片段化程度进行评分。我们的发现可能对医学实验室进行体细胞突变测试以进行靶向治疗选择，以及专门从事肿瘤基因组结构研究的研究人员在患者预后和肿瘤细胞对治疗的敏感性或耐药性预测方面有用。
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