Pub Date : 2022-10-07DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.319
Puteri Syarifah Fakhira Mohd Yusri, N. Yaakub
Anthropogenic activity near the Setiu River basin can have a detrimental effect on people who use water in the area in terms of their body health. This study was important to assess the impact of river water degradation based on household perception so that the related parties can take intensive action to address this problem on the impact of river water degradation on human health. It involved 203 locals living along the Setiu River basin. Questionnaires were distributed and collected through face-to-face and "Google forms". The survey was conducted for four months from 1 January 2022 to 1 May 2022. All the respondents were locals who are Malaysian citizens. The data were obtained through questionnaires including questions based on a 5-point Likert scale and analysed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Software. Current water quality data was obtained through secondary data from the Department of Environment (DOE), Terengganu. The respondents' Income, Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes supported the hypothesis that demographic and socio-economic factors had significant differences in the risk perception for the impact of water pollution on human health. This study identified health issues related to the water pollution of Sungai Setiu among the residents from the questionnaire distributed by a regression analysis model.
{"title":"Study on Water Pollution Impacts on Human Health from Water Usage based on Household’s Perception at Setiu River Basin","authors":"Puteri Syarifah Fakhira Mohd Yusri, N. Yaakub","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.319","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic activity near the Setiu River basin can have a detrimental effect on people who use water in the area in terms of their body health. This study was important to assess the impact of river water degradation based on household perception so that the related parties can take intensive action to address this problem on the impact of river water degradation on human health. It involved 203 locals living along the Setiu River basin. Questionnaires were distributed and collected through face-to-face and \"Google forms\". The survey was conducted for four months from 1 January 2022 to 1 May 2022. All the respondents were locals who are Malaysian citizens. The data were obtained through questionnaires including questions based on a 5-point Likert scale and analysed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Software. Current water quality data was obtained through secondary data from the Department of Environment (DOE), Terengganu. The respondents' Income, Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes supported the hypothesis that demographic and socio-economic factors had significant differences in the risk perception for the impact of water pollution on human health. This study identified health issues related to the water pollution of Sungai Setiu among the residents from the questionnaire distributed by a regression analysis model.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77046238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.318
Noor Asmawani Donia, N. Yaakub
Anthropogenic activities are the main cause of water quality deterioration which causes severe impacts on aquatic animals and human health. Mud clams (Polymesoda expansa) mostly eaten by people in Southeast Asia especially Terengganu can be exposed to the heavy metal contamination because of their filter feeder behaviour. This study aims to determine the water quality index (WQI) and investigate the selected heavy metal (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) contamination using Lokan (Polymesoda expansa) as a bioindicator at Benting Lintang, Besut, Terengganu. Analysis of water quality parameters was conducted In-situ and Ex-situ which involves 3 stations along the Benting Lintang water body. The heavy metal analysis was determined by using the acid digestion method and ICP-OES. The statistical analysis ANOVA shows the p-value is less than 0.05 proved there are significant different of heavy metal in mud clams between wet and dry season. The water quality at all stations during wet and dry season categorized at class II except station 2 during dry season falls on class III. The class II water quality shows that recreational activities can be done at the study location while extensive treatment is required at the station 2 during dry season. Heavy metal accumulated in mud clams for Cr, Ni and Cu in both seasons still in permissible limit according to FDA (2007), FAO (1983) except Pb and Zn exceeded the limit by Malaysia Food Regulation 1985 (2011). As a conclusion, mud clams are a good bioindicator for heavy metal determination in their surroundings. Frequent water quality monitoring and heavy metals analysis in mud clams should be conducted to ensure food safety and human health in future.
{"title":"Determination of Water Quality and Selected Heavy Metal in Mud Clams (Polymesoda expansa) as Bioindicator at Benting Lintang, Besut, Terengganu","authors":"Noor Asmawani Donia, N. Yaakub","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.318","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic activities are the main cause of water quality deterioration which causes severe impacts on aquatic animals and human health. Mud clams (Polymesoda expansa) mostly eaten by people in Southeast Asia especially Terengganu can be exposed to the heavy metal contamination because of their filter feeder behaviour. This study aims to determine the water quality index (WQI) and investigate the selected heavy metal (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) contamination using Lokan (Polymesoda expansa) as a bioindicator at Benting Lintang, Besut, Terengganu. Analysis of water quality parameters was conducted In-situ and Ex-situ which involves 3 stations along the Benting Lintang water body. The heavy metal analysis was determined by using the acid digestion method and ICP-OES. The statistical analysis ANOVA shows the p-value is less than 0.05 proved there are significant different of heavy metal in mud clams between wet and dry season. The water quality at all stations during wet and dry season categorized at class II except station 2 during dry season falls on class III. The class II water quality shows that recreational activities can be done at the study location while extensive treatment is required at the station 2 during dry season. Heavy metal accumulated in mud clams for Cr, Ni and Cu in both seasons still in permissible limit according to FDA (2007), FAO (1983) except Pb and Zn exceeded the limit by Malaysia Food Regulation 1985 (2011). As a conclusion, mud clams are a good bioindicator for heavy metal determination in their surroundings. Frequent water quality monitoring and heavy metals analysis in mud clams should be conducted to ensure food safety and human health in future.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79311095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.317
Siti Nonazifah Mat Sarif, J. Tang, A. Abd Ghani
Yogurt is a fermented milk product that has a semi-solid texture and has a short shelf life. It must be stored properly in temperature of 4ºC and below to prevent the microbial spoilage due to it high in moisture content and water activity. This study aimed to produce freeze dried goat milk yogurt powder with different percentage of honey and analyse the physicochemical as well as compare the microbial count of bacterial growth in fresh goat milk yogurt and reconstituted goat milk yogurt powder. The four formulations prepared were 6% of sugar (CY), 3% of honey with 3% of sugar (LHY), 4% of honey with 2% of sugar (MHY) and 6% of honey (HHY). The results showed each formulation has significant differences for the physicochemical analysis. The percentage of honey added into the yogurt was affected the pH value of the yogurt which have a range from pH 4.18 to 4.45. Meanwhile the results for colour analysis shown that the yellowness value of goat milk yogurt was increased as the percentage of honey added inside the yogurt was increased, as contributed by dark brown colour of honey. The bacterial survival in CY, LHY, MHY and HHY samples for fresh goat milk yogurt and reconstituted goat milk yogurt powder showed the significant different (p<0.05) with the range from 6.40 to 8.75 log cfu/ml and 5.79 to 8.07 log cfu/ml respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that freeze drying was a suitable method to produce yogurt powder and LHY sample was the best formulation in producing the highest number of survival bacteria (log cfu/ml).
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Count of Bacterial Survival in Freeze Dried Goat Milk Yogurt Powder","authors":"Siti Nonazifah Mat Sarif, J. Tang, A. Abd Ghani","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.317","url":null,"abstract":"Yogurt is a fermented milk product that has a semi-solid texture and has a short shelf life. It must be stored properly in temperature of 4ºC and below to prevent the microbial spoilage due to it high in moisture content and water activity. This study aimed to produce freeze dried goat milk yogurt powder with different percentage of honey and analyse the physicochemical as well as compare the microbial count of bacterial growth in fresh goat milk yogurt and reconstituted goat milk yogurt powder. The four formulations prepared were 6% of sugar (CY), 3% of honey with 3% of sugar (LHY), 4% of honey with 2% of sugar (MHY) and 6% of honey (HHY). The results showed each formulation has significant differences for the physicochemical analysis. The percentage of honey added into the yogurt was affected the pH value of the yogurt which have a range from pH 4.18 to 4.45. Meanwhile the results for colour analysis shown that the yellowness value of goat milk yogurt was increased as the percentage of honey added inside the yogurt was increased, as contributed by dark brown colour of honey. The bacterial survival in CY, LHY, MHY and HHY samples for fresh goat milk yogurt and reconstituted goat milk yogurt powder showed the significant different (p<0.05) with the range from 6.40 to 8.75 log cfu/ml and 5.79 to 8.07 log cfu/ml respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that freeze drying was a suitable method to produce yogurt powder and LHY sample was the best formulation in producing the highest number of survival bacteria (log cfu/ml).","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78121720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-05DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.315
Siti Syahirah Safiah Mohamad, N. Kamaruddin, Ji Ting
Napier Pak Chong is a new hybrid crossing Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum known as Pearl Millet Napier. The Napier Pak Chong grass has been introduced due to its high nutritional contents, particularly in terms of crude protein compared to other napier grass varieties. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the chemical composition of the Napier Pak Chong harvested at three different growth ages which are 45 days, 60 days and 75 days and to identify the best harvesting ages of the Napier Pak Chong grass. The samples were collected at Kaprima Hulu Seladang Valley Farm. Then, the samples were dried and ground before being analyzed using proximate analysis and mineral analysis using Induced Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). In the proximate analysis, the plant samples were analyzed to determine the percentage of moisture, ash, crude fibre (CF), crude protein (CP) and fat. For the mineral analysis, the samples were analyzed for magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus and calcium. Results showed that the percentages of crude protein in the Napier Pak Chong grass decreased with increased harvesting ages meanwhile the crude fibre increased along with maturity. The percentage of crude protein is highest at 45 days which is 19.48%. The results also showed that the chemical compositions were highest at the early stage of harvesting, which is at 45 days. Thus, this study showed that the harvesting ages have an effect on the chemical composition of Napier Pak Chong grass.
白绒是紫绒狼尾草与白绒狼尾草杂交的新品种，俗称珍珠粟绒狼尾草。与其他Napier草品种相比，Napier Pak Chong草因其高营养成分，特别是粗蛋白质而被引入。因此，本研究的目的是确定在45天、60天和75天三个不同生长年龄收获的白冲草的化学成分，并确定白冲草的最佳收获年龄。样本采集于Kaprima Hulu Seladang山谷农场。然后，对样品进行干燥和研磨，然后使用电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱(ICP-OES)进行近似分析和矿物分析。在近似分析中，对植物样品进行分析，以确定水分、灰分、粗纤维(CF)、粗蛋白质(CP)和脂肪的百分比。在矿物分析中，对样品进行了镁、钾、钠、磷和钙的分析。结果表明，白冲草粗蛋白质含量随采收期的增加而降低，粗纤维含量随成熟度的增加而增加。45日龄时粗蛋白质含量最高，为19.48%。结果还表明，化学成分在采收初期(45 d)最高。因此，本研究表明，采收年龄对北冲草的化学成分有影响。
{"title":"Study on Chemical Composition of Napier Pak Chong (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum glaucum) Harvested at Different Growth Stages","authors":"Siti Syahirah Safiah Mohamad, N. Kamaruddin, Ji Ting","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.315","url":null,"abstract":"Napier Pak Chong is a new hybrid crossing Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum known as Pearl Millet Napier. The Napier Pak Chong grass has been introduced due to its high nutritional contents, particularly in terms of crude protein compared to other napier grass varieties. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the chemical composition of the Napier Pak Chong harvested at three different growth ages which are 45 days, 60 days and 75 days and to identify the best harvesting ages of the Napier Pak Chong grass. The samples were collected at Kaprima Hulu Seladang Valley Farm. Then, the samples were dried and ground before being analyzed using proximate analysis and mineral analysis using Induced Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). In the proximate analysis, the plant samples were analyzed to determine the percentage of moisture, ash, crude fibre (CF), crude protein (CP) and fat. For the mineral analysis, the samples were analyzed for magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus and calcium. Results showed that the percentages of crude protein in the Napier Pak Chong grass decreased with increased harvesting ages meanwhile the crude fibre increased along with maturity. The percentage of crude protein is highest at 45 days which is 19.48%. The results also showed that the chemical compositions were highest at the early stage of harvesting, which is at 45 days. Thus, this study showed that the harvesting ages have an effect on the chemical composition of Napier Pak Chong grass.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85015280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-05DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.316
Zanariah Mohd Nor, Intan Nur Mariam Abdullah, Siti Raba’ah Hamzah, M. M. Khandaker, Nur Athiqah Md Yusof
The Terengganu government needs 100 more fertigation growers of Terengganu Sweet Melon (MMT), to meet the European market demand. Undocumented local growers' needs for MMT fertigation farming hinder the local government’s efforts to retain and attract new local growers. Hence, this study’s objective was to explore the needs of MMT growers using the fertigation system for quality production in Terengganu. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews complemented with Participatory Research Appraisal (PRA) tools for data collection. Through purposive sampling, 13 MMT growers volunteered as the study informants. The thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews extracted six themes on growers’ needs. Almost all growers acknowledged MMT has promising prospects for its high market price and cost-effective fertigation system for quality production. However, they expressed six needs to help retain and support MMT fertigation technology adoption for quality production. All growers received a lack of technical consultancy; thus, their top urgent need was the advisory services on the technical knowledge and skills on MMT, fertigation system, and pests and diseases controls. Lack of financial support was also their urgent need for financial assistance to initiate, operate and maintain the high-cost infrastructure of the fertigation farming system. Different roles of agricultural-related and financial institutions were crucial to support their need for professional development, resources, and fertigation farm upscaling. In conclusion, MMT fertigation growers identified six needs that must be addressed for quality production. Their major needs were the technical advisory services on MMT and fertigation system, and financial assistance. Thus, the Terengganu government may incorporate the study findings to formulate an attractive policy for relevant government and NGOs’ roles to provide the relevant extension and advisory services, professional development packages, and friendly resources aid for the advancement of existing growers and to solicit new growers' participation.
{"title":"Needs for Terengganu Sweet Melon Growers for Quality Production using Fertigation System","authors":"Zanariah Mohd Nor, Intan Nur Mariam Abdullah, Siti Raba’ah Hamzah, M. M. Khandaker, Nur Athiqah Md Yusof","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.316","url":null,"abstract":"The Terengganu government needs 100 more fertigation growers of Terengganu Sweet Melon (MMT), to meet the European market demand. Undocumented local growers' needs for MMT fertigation farming hinder the local government’s efforts to retain and attract new local growers. Hence, this study’s objective was to explore the needs of MMT growers using the fertigation system for quality production in Terengganu. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews complemented with Participatory Research Appraisal (PRA) tools for data collection. Through purposive sampling, 13 MMT growers volunteered as the study informants. The thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews extracted six themes on growers’ needs. Almost all growers acknowledged MMT has promising prospects for its high market price and cost-effective fertigation system for quality production. However, they expressed six needs to help retain and support MMT fertigation technology adoption for quality production. All growers received a lack of technical consultancy; thus, their top urgent need was the advisory services on the technical knowledge and skills on MMT, fertigation system, and pests and diseases controls. Lack of financial support was also their urgent need for financial assistance to initiate, operate and maintain the high-cost infrastructure of the fertigation farming system. Different roles of agricultural-related and financial institutions were crucial to support their need for professional development, resources, and fertigation farm upscaling. In conclusion, MMT fertigation growers identified six needs that must be addressed for quality production. Their major needs were the technical advisory services on MMT and fertigation system, and financial assistance. Thus, the Terengganu government may incorporate the study findings to formulate an attractive policy for relevant government and NGOs’ roles to provide the relevant extension and advisory services, professional development packages, and friendly resources aid for the advancement of existing growers and to solicit new growers' participation.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83651773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-05DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.314
Ji Ting, N. Kamaruddin, Siti Syahirah Safiah Mohamad
Azolla is an aquatic plant that has the potential to be used as animal feed due to its high nutritive value and very productive plant. Thus, the objectives of this study are to determine and compare the nutrient and mineral composition of Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla. A. pinnata and A. microphylla are aquatic plants that have a high potential to be introduced as a new alternative feed supplement to ruminants. Samples were collected at Ladang Lembah Kaprima Hulu Seladang, Tenox Agribusiness (M) Sdn Bhd, Kampung Seladang, Setiu, Terengganu. The collected samples were dried and ground before the samples were analysed by using proximate analysis and microwave digestion for Induced Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). Six parameters were measured for the proximate analyses which were dry matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre and nitrogen-free extract. The mineral compositions were analyzed for the contents of copper, zinc, iron, calcium and manganese using the ICP-OES. The result shows that A. microphylla contains the highest protein and ether extract content compared to A. pinnata. As in mineral composition, A. pinnata and A. microphylla showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two plants. This study revealed that A. microphylla is more suitable to be used as a supplement for dairy ruminants as it contains a more nutritive value in terms of higher crude protein and ether extract that are essential for the ruminant diet.
杜鹃花是一种营养价值高、产量高的水生植物，具有用作动物饲料的潜力。因此，本研究的目的是测定和比较羽状杜鹃花和小叶杜鹃花的营养成分和矿物质组成。石竹和小叶石竹是一种极有潜力作为反刍动物替代饲料补充的水生植物。样品采集于Ladang Lembah Kaprima Hulu Seladang, Tenox Agribusiness (M) Sdn Bhd, Kampung Seladang, Setiu, Terengganu。采集的样品经干燥、研磨后，用诱导耦合等离子体光学发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)进行近似分析和微波消解。测定了干物质、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维和无氮提取物6个参数进行了近似分析。利用ICP-OES分析了矿物组成中铜、锌、铁、钙和锰的含量。结果表明，小叶毛茛的蛋白质和粗脂肪含量均高于桄榔子。在矿物组成方面，两种植物间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。本研究表明，小叶骆驼刺的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量较高，具有较高的营养价值，更适合作为乳反刍动物的补充饲料。
{"title":"Nutritional Evaluation of Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla as Feed Supplements for Dairy Ruminants","authors":"Ji Ting, N. Kamaruddin, Siti Syahirah Safiah Mohamad","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.314","url":null,"abstract":"Azolla is an aquatic plant that has the potential to be used as animal feed due to its high nutritive value and very productive plant. Thus, the objectives of this study are to determine and compare the nutrient and mineral composition of Azolla pinnata and Azolla microphylla. A. pinnata and A. microphylla are aquatic plants that have a high potential to be introduced as a new alternative feed supplement to ruminants. Samples were collected at Ladang Lembah Kaprima Hulu Seladang, Tenox Agribusiness (M) Sdn Bhd, Kampung Seladang, Setiu, Terengganu. The collected samples were dried and ground before the samples were analysed by using proximate analysis and microwave digestion for Induced Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). Six parameters were measured for the proximate analyses which were dry matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre and nitrogen-free extract. The mineral compositions were analyzed for the contents of copper, zinc, iron, calcium and manganese using the ICP-OES. The result shows that A. microphylla contains the highest protein and ether extract content compared to A. pinnata. As in mineral composition, A. pinnata and A. microphylla showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two plants. This study revealed that A. microphylla is more suitable to be used as a supplement for dairy ruminants as it contains a more nutritive value in terms of higher crude protein and ether extract that are essential for the ruminant diet.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"324 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76362487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.311
Wan Mohd Fadli Wan Mokhtar, Zi Yu Thow
Air frying is a modern frying technique that promises low oil content of fried products. However, the main limitation of air frying is that it requires a longer operating time than deep fat frying. Previous studies found that osmotic dehydration is beneficial as frying pre-treatment to improve the quality of fried products and reduce frying time, but to date, there is no study investigating its application in air frying. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of osmotic dehydration as pre-treatment on the quality of air-fried sweet potato chips. Sweet potatoes were cut into slices with the same thickness, and then soaked in distilled water, 5% sodium chloride solution, and 10% sodium chloride solution for one hour. The potato slices were then air fried at two temperatures: 160˚ and 180˚C for 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 minutes. Then, moisture content, colour, texture, diameter shrinkage and thickness expansion were analysed. The moisture content of air fried chips decreased with the increasing of frying time. The osmo-dehydrated sample showed lower moisture content which could the reduce frying time from 12 mins to 9 mins at 160ºC. Osmo-dehydrated sweet potato slices produce paler chips, but the treatment preserved the red and yellow colour of the sample. Air fried sweet potatoes that were osmotically dehydrated samples shrank more in diameter than the control samples. The increased thickness of chips was caused by crust formation and the bubbles formed at the surface due to the barrier formed by the tight surface, resulting in vapour expansion inside the pores of the chips. The hardness of pre-treated chips increased significantly with decreasing moisture content. Using osmotic dehydration pre-treatment in the air frying process can yield promising results in less frying time and better retention in terms of red and yellow colour.
{"title":"Effect of Osmotic Dehydration as a Pre -Treatment on Air Fried Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Chips","authors":"Wan Mohd Fadli Wan Mokhtar, Zi Yu Thow","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.311","url":null,"abstract":"Air frying is a modern frying technique that promises low oil content of fried products. However, the main limitation of air frying is that it requires a longer operating time than deep fat frying. Previous studies found that osmotic dehydration is beneficial as frying pre-treatment to improve the quality of fried products and reduce frying time, but to date, there is no study investigating its application in air frying. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of osmotic dehydration as pre-treatment on the quality of air-fried sweet potato chips. Sweet potatoes were cut into slices with the same thickness, and then soaked in distilled water, 5% sodium chloride solution, and 10% sodium chloride solution for one hour. The potato slices were then air fried at two temperatures: 160˚ and 180˚C for 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 minutes. Then, moisture content, colour, texture, diameter shrinkage and thickness expansion were analysed. The moisture content of air fried chips decreased with the increasing of frying time. The osmo-dehydrated sample showed lower moisture content which could the reduce frying time from 12 mins to 9 mins at 160ºC. Osmo-dehydrated sweet potato slices produce paler chips, but the treatment preserved the red and yellow colour of the sample. Air fried sweet potatoes that were osmotically dehydrated samples shrank more in diameter than the control samples. The increased thickness of chips was caused by crust formation and the bubbles formed at the surface due to the barrier formed by the tight surface, resulting in vapour expansion inside the pores of the chips. The hardness of pre-treated chips increased significantly with decreasing moisture content. Using osmotic dehydration pre-treatment in the air frying process can yield promising results in less frying time and better retention in terms of red and yellow colour.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87364860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.312
Aiman Asyraf Jamaluddin, Nurul Aisyah Mohd Suhaimi
Meat consumption in Malaysia is increasing in the past decades. While local beef meat cannot meet the local demand, Malaysia government has to import beef meat in order to fulfil the local consumption. When it comes to imported beef meat for consumption, there are many factors that are involved before consumers decide to purchase, hence it is important to understand the relevance of customers preferences in imported beef meat purchase. This study aims to identify the level of consumers preferences for imported beef meat purchasing and to determine the most influential factors for the consumers when purchasing imported beef meat in Johor Bahru. This study adopts a conceptual framework, which includes perceived quality and quality que among Johor Bahru consumers. 100 respondents participated in this study through convenience sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through an online platform which is Google form. Descriptive analysis and factor analysis were used to analyse the data. Results showed that consumers preferred to buy imported beef meat with Halal logo. The other factors that influence imported beef meat preference are freshness and cleanliness. The outcomes of this study might help marketers to have a better understanding on consumers preferences when it comes to purchasing imported beef meat from retail outlets.
{"title":"Consumer Preferences for Imported Beef Meat Purchasing in Johor Bahru","authors":"Aiman Asyraf Jamaluddin, Nurul Aisyah Mohd Suhaimi","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.312","url":null,"abstract":"Meat consumption in Malaysia is increasing in the past decades. While local beef meat cannot meet the local demand, Malaysia government has to import beef meat in order to fulfil the local consumption. When it comes to imported beef meat for consumption, there are many factors that are involved before consumers decide to purchase, hence it is important to understand the relevance of customers preferences in imported beef meat purchase. This study aims to identify the level of consumers preferences for imported beef meat purchasing and to determine the most influential factors for the consumers when purchasing imported beef meat in Johor Bahru. This study adopts a conceptual framework, which includes perceived quality and quality que among Johor Bahru consumers. 100 respondents participated in this study through convenience sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through an online platform which is Google form. Descriptive analysis and factor analysis were used to analyse the data. Results showed that consumers preferred to buy imported beef meat with Halal logo. The other factors that influence imported beef meat preference are freshness and cleanliness. The outcomes of this study might help marketers to have a better understanding on consumers preferences when it comes to purchasing imported beef meat from retail outlets.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78113033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.2.291
Muhammad Izzat Zakwan Samudin, Muhammad Yusran Abdul Aziz, Yusof Nurhayati
Passion fruit is a type of wild exotic plant in Malaysia. Common passion fruits planted in Malaysia are Passiflora edulis Sims (purple) and Passiflora edulis var flavicarpa (yellow). These fruits contain a high amount of antioxidants, polyphenols and vitamin C and are widely used as fruit juice, jam, and syrup product. However, there is a lack of information about the nutritional composition of the juice and seed of P. edulis (purple) cultivated in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content of P. edulis (purple) using two different solvent extraction, 70% of ethanol and 70% of methanol. The total phenolic content (TPC) was carried out by using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method, while the antioxidant activity was analysed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to determine the IC50 value of extracted samples. Ascorbic acid content from fresh juice and seeds samples was analysed by using Indophenol (DCPIP) method. The result showed that the extraction using ethanol produced the highest TPC with 9.249±0.04 mg GAE/g in seeds and 0.0139±0.02 mg GAE/g in juice, respectively. The lowest IC50 value was obtained by sample extracted with ethanol, which was 83.85±4.66 mg/L in seed and 305.47±5.28 mg/L in juice. The seed sample (53.68±4.95 mg/100mg) exhibited a high ascorbic acid content compared to the juice sample (46.66±3.28 mg/100mg). In conclusion, seeds of P. edulis possessed the strongest antioxidant activity and vitamin C content. This study could contribute to information regarding the phytochemical constituents and suitable solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds that can act as antioxidants and thus promote health effects on the human body.
{"title":"Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Passiflora edulis Extract","authors":"Muhammad Izzat Zakwan Samudin, Muhammad Yusran Abdul Aziz, Yusof Nurhayati","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.2.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.2.291","url":null,"abstract":"Passion fruit is a type of wild exotic plant in Malaysia. Common passion fruits planted in Malaysia are Passiflora edulis Sims (purple) and Passiflora edulis var flavicarpa (yellow). These fruits contain a high amount of antioxidants, polyphenols and vitamin C and are widely used as fruit juice, jam, and syrup product. However, there is a lack of information about the nutritional composition of the juice and seed of P. edulis (purple) cultivated in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content of P. edulis (purple) using two different solvent extraction, 70% of ethanol and 70% of methanol. The total phenolic content (TPC) was carried out by using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method, while the antioxidant activity was analysed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to determine the IC50 value of extracted samples. Ascorbic acid content from fresh juice and seeds samples was analysed by using Indophenol (DCPIP) method. The result showed that the extraction using ethanol produced the highest TPC with 9.249±0.04 mg GAE/g in seeds and 0.0139±0.02 mg GAE/g in juice, respectively. The lowest IC50 value was obtained by sample extracted with ethanol, which was 83.85±4.66 mg/L in seed and 305.47±5.28 mg/L in juice. The seed sample (53.68±4.95 mg/100mg) exhibited a high ascorbic acid content compared to the juice sample (46.66±3.28 mg/100mg). In conclusion, seeds of P. edulis possessed the strongest antioxidant activity and vitamin C content. This study could contribute to information regarding the phytochemical constituents and suitable solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds that can act as antioxidants and thus promote health effects on the human body.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90173679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.310
Nur Amilin Zulkepeli, Nur Athiqah Md Yusof
Ear mites are a common ectoparasite that causes a skin disease known as mange in rabbits. Its infestation will contribute to poor growth, decrease production performances and in severe cases, cause mortality. To date, chemical pesticides are still widely used to control rabbit mites, where long-term use will contribute to the evolution of mite resistance. Essential oils have become an alternative method due to their efficacy and safety. This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of clove oil and neem oil against rabbit ear mites. The rabbits were divided into four treatment groups: T1, T2 and T3 and T4, each having three rabbits. These groups were topically treated with ivermectin (control group), clove oil, neem oil, 50:50 of clove and neem oil respectively on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The number of mites was counted and recorded as post-treatment evaluations by microscopic examination of skin scrapings from each group. The number of mites were progressively decreased in T2, but fluctuated in T1, T3 and T4. The number of live mites for each treatment was not statistically different (p>0.05) between treatments for days 0, 7 and 21, but the number of mites was statistically different (p<0.05) between all treatments for days 14 and 28. T4 that was treated with both clove and neem oil showed the highest efficacy with 94% for day 14 post-treatment, while treatment with neem oil (T3) showed the highest efficacy (89.7%) for day 28 after treatment. The results revealed that the mixture of both oils was the most effective against rabbit ear mites, however comparing the two oils, neem was more effective than clove oil in controlling the mites.
{"title":"Efficacy of Neem Oil (Azadirachta indica) and Clove Oil (Syzygium aromaticum) against Ear Mites in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","authors":"Nur Amilin Zulkepeli, Nur Athiqah Md Yusof","doi":"10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.310","url":null,"abstract":"Ear mites are a common ectoparasite that causes a skin disease known as mange in rabbits. Its infestation will contribute to poor growth, decrease production performances and in severe cases, cause mortality. To date, chemical pesticides are still widely used to control rabbit mites, where long-term use will contribute to the evolution of mite resistance. Essential oils have become an alternative method due to their efficacy and safety. This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of clove oil and neem oil against rabbit ear mites. The rabbits were divided into four treatment groups: T1, T2 and T3 and T4, each having three rabbits. These groups were topically treated with ivermectin (control group), clove oil, neem oil, 50:50 of clove and neem oil respectively on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The number of mites was counted and recorded as post-treatment evaluations by microscopic examination of skin scrapings from each group. The number of mites were progressively decreased in T2, but fluctuated in T1, T3 and T4. The number of live mites for each treatment was not statistically different (p>0.05) between treatments for days 0, 7 and 21, but the number of mites was statistically different (p<0.05) between all treatments for days 14 and 28. T4 that was treated with both clove and neem oil showed the highest efficacy with 94% for day 14 post-treatment, while treatment with neem oil (T3) showed the highest efficacy (89.7%) for day 28 after treatment. The results revealed that the mixture of both oils was the most effective against rabbit ear mites, however comparing the two oils, neem was more effective than clove oil in controlling the mites.","PeriodicalId":14995,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Agrobiotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78281694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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