Background This study aims to assess the level of health care for patients with diabetes in Damascus during the Syrian crisis by studying the level of health awareness and its relationship to the levels of Hemoglobin A1c, and studying the availability of drug therapy and the quality of treatment follow-up provided for patients. Methods and materials A descriptive cross-sectional study, that used a paper questionnaire filled out by means of a mini interview, the sample was selected from patients with diabetes who were in the outpatient department of Damascus Hospital and the endocrinology clinic at the Martyr Bassam Abboud Medical Center. Results The study included 385 patients (56.6% males and 43.4% females) and 48.05% of the participants were in the age group of 40-60 years. The level of health awareness among patients was good, especially with regard to information about the role of diet and exercise in diabetes, knowledge of interpreting the results of blood sugar tests and methods to prevent hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia attacks. No relationship was found between the high level of health awareness and decreased values of Hemoglobin A1C in the participants. 74.3% of the participants expressed that they do not face difficulties in order to acquire treatment, as they used to get it for free from health centers. The majority of patients checked their blood sugar level continuously and checked the levels of Hemoglobin A1c, kidney function tests, lipids and cholesterol levels periodically. Conclusion The level of health awareness for diabetic patients in Damascus is generally average, and there are no difficulties in securing treatment for the majority of patients, and the therapeutic follow-up of the disease was at a high level, as laboratory tests required for diabetes are carried out periodically and regularly
{"title":"A Study of Healthcare Provided to Diabetic Patients During the Syrian Crisis in Damascus (Health Awareness, Drug Therapy, Therapeutic Follow-up)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background This study aims to assess the level of health care for patients with diabetes in Damascus during the Syrian crisis by studying the level of health awareness and its relationship to the levels of Hemoglobin A1c, and studying the availability of drug therapy and the quality of treatment follow-up provided for patients. Methods and materials A descriptive cross-sectional study, that used a paper questionnaire filled out by means of a mini interview, the sample was selected from patients with diabetes who were in the outpatient department of Damascus Hospital and the endocrinology clinic at the Martyr Bassam Abboud Medical Center. Results The study included 385 patients (56.6% males and 43.4% females) and 48.05% of the participants were in the age group of 40-60 years. The level of health awareness among patients was good, especially with regard to information about the role of diet and exercise in diabetes, knowledge of interpreting the results of blood sugar tests and methods to prevent hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia attacks. No relationship was found between the high level of health awareness and decreased values of Hemoglobin A1C in the participants. 74.3% of the participants expressed that they do not face difficulties in order to acquire treatment, as they used to get it for free from health centers. The majority of patients checked their blood sugar level continuously and checked the levels of Hemoglobin A1c, kidney function tests, lipids and cholesterol levels periodically. Conclusion The level of health awareness for diabetic patients in Damascus is generally average, and there are no difficulties in securing treatment for the majority of patients, and the therapeutic follow-up of the disease was at a high level, as laboratory tests required for diabetes are carried out periodically and regularly","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124312935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To analyze the levels and correlation of vitamin D, ACE2, ACE and inflammatory factors in patients with type 2 diabetes,To explore the effect of vitamin D deficiency on ACE2 and inflammatory factors and the mechanism of action on the occurrence and development of diabetes. Methods: Non-diabetic control 87 cases and type 2 diabetes 96 cases,According to the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 47 cases of non-diabetic vitamin D normal group and 40 cases of vitamin D deficiency group were divided into two groups.52 patients in the normal vitamin D group and 44 patients in the vitamin D deficient group were tested for ACE, ACE2, IL-6, TNF-A and other inflammatory indexes.The correlation and influencing factors of vitamin D and each index were analyzed. Results: The levels of HOMA-IR, ACE, AngII, IL-6 and TNF-a in vitamin D deficient group were significantly higher than those in vitamin D normal group.ACE2 and IL-10 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05);Compared with non-diabetic vitamin D deficiency group, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, INS, HOMA-IR, ACE, AngII, IL-6 and TNF-A were significantly increased with the severity of vitamin D deficiency.Insulin resistance was more severe, ACE2 and IL-10 decreased significantly(P < 0.05);Pearson correlation analysis showed that vitamin D in non-diabetic group was negatively correlated with AngII and IL-6, but positively correlated with IL-10 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).Vitamin D in diabetic group was positively correlated with ACE2 and IL-10, and negatively correlated with ACE, AngII, IL-6, TNF-A, HOMA-IR and HbA1c (all P < 0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that IL-10 and AngII were the main influencing factors of vitamin D Foundation Item: 2020 Government Funded Clinical Medical Talents Training Program (NO: 2020, 124) deficiency in the Non-Diabetic Group (P < 0.05).33.6% of the total variation of regression equation was explained.In diabetic group, ACE2, IL-6, TNF-A, IL-10 and HOMA-IR were the main influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.05), explaining 55.8% of the total variation of regression equation. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may change the improper regulation of ACE2 and ACE/AngII and the release of inflammatory factors, destroy the autoimmune state of the body, and participate in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus. The degree of vitamin D deficiency can aggravate insulin resistance by mediating RAS system and inflammatory factors, and increase the potential pathogenic effect of diabetes.ACE2, ACE/AngII and inflammatory factors can be used as markers of diabetes vitamin D deficiency
{"title":"Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Ace2 And Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the levels and correlation of vitamin D, ACE2, ACE and inflammatory factors in patients with type 2 diabetes,To explore the effect of vitamin D deficiency on ACE2 and inflammatory factors and the mechanism of action on the occurrence and development of diabetes. Methods: Non-diabetic control 87 cases and type 2 diabetes 96 cases,According to the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 47 cases of non-diabetic vitamin D normal group and 40 cases of vitamin D deficiency group were divided into two groups.52 patients in the normal vitamin D group and 44 patients in the vitamin D deficient group were tested for ACE, ACE2, IL-6, TNF-A and other inflammatory indexes.The correlation and influencing factors of vitamin D and each index were analyzed. Results: The levels of HOMA-IR, ACE, AngII, IL-6 and TNF-a in vitamin D deficient group were significantly higher than those in vitamin D normal group.ACE2 and IL-10 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05);Compared with non-diabetic vitamin D deficiency group, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, INS, HOMA-IR, ACE, AngII, IL-6 and TNF-A were significantly increased with the severity of vitamin D deficiency.Insulin resistance was more severe, ACE2 and IL-10 decreased significantly(P < 0.05);Pearson correlation analysis showed that vitamin D in non-diabetic group was negatively correlated with AngII and IL-6, but positively correlated with IL-10 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).Vitamin D in diabetic group was positively correlated with ACE2 and IL-10, and negatively correlated with ACE, AngII, IL-6, TNF-A, HOMA-IR and HbA1c (all P < 0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that IL-10 and AngII were the main influencing factors of vitamin D Foundation Item: 2020 Government Funded Clinical Medical Talents Training Program (NO: 2020, 124) deficiency in the Non-Diabetic Group (P < 0.05).33.6% of the total variation of regression equation was explained.In diabetic group, ACE2, IL-6, TNF-A, IL-10 and HOMA-IR were the main influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.05), explaining 55.8% of the total variation of regression equation. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may change the improper regulation of ACE2 and ACE/AngII and the release of inflammatory factors, destroy the autoimmune state of the body, and participate in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus. The degree of vitamin D deficiency can aggravate insulin resistance by mediating RAS system and inflammatory factors, and increase the potential pathogenic effect of diabetes.ACE2, ACE/AngII and inflammatory factors can be used as markers of diabetes vitamin D deficiency","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127311584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Kidney failure is one of the most important late complications of diabetes with more than half of people waiting for a kidney transplant are people with diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to predict kidney care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes based on Health Belief Model. The purpose of this study, was predict to care of kidney in type 2 diabetes patients based on Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 240 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected by simple random sampling method from health centers in Arak in 2020 and information on kidney care behaviors were collected through a reliable and valid questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model and analyzed using Linear regressions. Results: The mean age of patients was 47.51±7.86 years, the mean FBS was 159.65 ± 55.01 mg / dl and the mean score of patients' performances in kidney care was 30.31± 6.42. Among the constructs of the Health Belief Model, awareness (67.6%), severity (38%), self-efficacy (31.8%) and internal cues to action (16.4%) have the highest predictive power and all of the above structures predicted 49% kidney care behavior. Conclusion: This study showed that increasing the information of patients in the field of recognizing renal complications, emphasizing the role of cues to action and finally, increasing the ability of patients to care for the kidneys and prevent kidney complications should be emphasized in educational programs for patients with diabetes.
{"title":"Predicting Kidney Care Behaviors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: An Application of Health Belief Model","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.14","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Kidney failure is one of the most important late complications of diabetes with more than half of people waiting for a kidney transplant are people with diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to predict kidney care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes based on Health Belief Model. The purpose of this study, was predict to care of kidney in type 2 diabetes patients based on Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 240 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected by simple random sampling method from health centers in Arak in 2020 and information on kidney care behaviors were collected through a reliable and valid questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model and analyzed using Linear regressions. Results: The mean age of patients was 47.51±7.86 years, the mean FBS was 159.65 ± 55.01 mg / dl and the mean score of patients' performances in kidney care was 30.31± 6.42. Among the constructs of the Health Belief Model, awareness (67.6%), severity (38%), self-efficacy (31.8%) and internal cues to action (16.4%) have the highest predictive power and all of the above structures predicted 49% kidney care behavior. Conclusion: This study showed that increasing the information of patients in the field of recognizing renal complications, emphasizing the role of cues to action and finally, increasing the ability of patients to care for the kidneys and prevent kidney complications should be emphasized in educational programs for patients with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124001633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background The health care workers are prone to COVID-19 infection as they are working in front line; thus, they are in priority groups for vaccination. This study aimed to assess the level of anti-Spike antibody 2 weeks after 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine among health care workers (HCW). Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in July 2022 among health care workers (HCW) who received COVID-19 vaccine 3 doses. Data were collected by using standardized forms and analysis was done. Results A total of 42 HCW were included; the mean anti-Spike antibody level was 3734.19 U/mL. Female had higher anti-Spike antibody level than male, 4857.67 U/mL and 3427.78 U/mL respectively. HCW with diabetes mellitus had significantly higher anti-Spike antibody level 6740.00 U/mL than those without diabetes mellitus 2884.00 U/mL. Anti-Spike antibody level in smokers (3376.42 U/mL) was lower than that of non-smoker (3845.99 U/mL). HCW with history of COVID-19 infection had higher anti-Spike antibody level (4013.79 U/mL) than that of those without infection (3524.48 U/mL); those with history of COVID-19 infection in fourth wave (The Omicron outbreak; 6 months ago) had higher antibody level (4013.79 U/mL) than that of those with history of infection in third wave only (The Delta outbreak; one year ago) (3524.48 U/mL). HCW who got vaccinated in the afternoon had higher antibody level (4350.77 U/mL) than who got in the morning (2912.07 U/mL). Negative relation was detected between time from last vaccination to anti-Spike protein antibody level though it was not statistically significant. Significant predictors for anti-Spike antibody level on univariable analysis were BMI and presence of diabetes. Conclusions Anti-Spike antibody level was significantly related with BMI and diabetes mellitus; those with high BMI and diabetes mellitus had higher level of antibody. Anti-Spike antibody level was relatively higher in female; non-smokers; those with COVID-19 infection particularly in fourth wave (The Omicron infection); those with shorter duration from last vaccination; and those who got vaccination in the afternoon although it was not significant statistically.
{"title":"Anti-Spike Antibody Responses to Covid-19 Vaccine 3 Doses in Health Care Workers Working in Acute Care Hospital in Myanmar","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background The health care workers are prone to COVID-19 infection as they are working in front line; thus, they are in priority groups for vaccination. This study aimed to assess the level of anti-Spike antibody 2 weeks after 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine among health care workers (HCW). Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in July 2022 among health care workers (HCW) who received COVID-19 vaccine 3 doses. Data were collected by using standardized forms and analysis was done. Results A total of 42 HCW were included; the mean anti-Spike antibody level was 3734.19 U/mL. Female had higher anti-Spike antibody level than male, 4857.67 U/mL and 3427.78 U/mL respectively. HCW with diabetes mellitus had significantly higher anti-Spike antibody level 6740.00 U/mL than those without diabetes mellitus 2884.00 U/mL. Anti-Spike antibody level in smokers (3376.42 U/mL) was lower than that of non-smoker (3845.99 U/mL). HCW with history of COVID-19 infection had higher anti-Spike antibody level (4013.79 U/mL) than that of those without infection (3524.48 U/mL); those with history of COVID-19 infection in fourth wave (The Omicron outbreak; 6 months ago) had higher antibody level (4013.79 U/mL) than that of those with history of infection in third wave only (The Delta outbreak; one year ago) (3524.48 U/mL). HCW who got vaccinated in the afternoon had higher antibody level (4350.77 U/mL) than who got in the morning (2912.07 U/mL). Negative relation was detected between time from last vaccination to anti-Spike protein antibody level though it was not statistically significant. Significant predictors for anti-Spike antibody level on univariable analysis were BMI and presence of diabetes. Conclusions Anti-Spike antibody level was significantly related with BMI and diabetes mellitus; those with high BMI and diabetes mellitus had higher level of antibody. Anti-Spike antibody level was relatively higher in female; non-smokers; those with COVID-19 infection particularly in fourth wave (The Omicron infection); those with shorter duration from last vaccination; and those who got vaccination in the afternoon although it was not significant statistically.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127146904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In spite of extensive efforts to control diabetes with the help of healthy meals, exercise, and medications, the prevalence of diabetes is on the rise. One factor contributing to this problem is unhealthy cultural habits being practiced in different cultures. This paper lists some of the major cultural habits that need to be changed towards mitigating the global problem of diabetes and other chronic diseases.
{"title":"Cultural Practices Doing Harm to Diabetes Management: A Physician-Patient’s Perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.20","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of extensive efforts to control diabetes with the help of healthy meals, exercise, and medications, the prevalence of diabetes is on the rise. One factor contributing to this problem is unhealthy cultural habits being practiced in different cultures. This paper lists some of the major cultural habits that need to be changed towards mitigating the global problem of diabetes and other chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114622973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Autism Spectrum Disorder, is a neuro-developmental disorder diagnosed at the age of three. Individuals with ASD may have several health-related challenges including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, over-weight and other metabolic impairments which may be due to poor nutrition, low quality dietary pattern, food selectivity and low level of physical activity. There are many nutritional and physical activity interventions introduced in autism society. The puspose of this study was to assess and discuss about some nutritional and physical activity interventions which are usually prescribed for individuals with ASD.
{"title":"How Different Health-Related Interventions Improve Metabolic Impairments in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.16","url":null,"abstract":"Autism Spectrum Disorder, is a neuro-developmental disorder diagnosed at the age of three. Individuals with ASD may have several health-related challenges including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, over-weight and other metabolic impairments which may be due to poor nutrition, low quality dietary pattern, food selectivity and low level of physical activity. There are many nutritional and physical activity interventions introduced in autism society. The puspose of this study was to assess and discuss about some nutritional and physical activity interventions which are usually prescribed for individuals with ASD.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123072807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Additionally, designated as nephroblastoma, tri-phasic embryonal Wilma’s tumour is constituted of varying quantities of blastemal, epithelial and stromal components. Besides, biphasic and monophasic neoplasms are frequently discerned. Epithelial and stromal elements may emerge as poorly differentiated to well differentiated components. Morphological assessment of tri-phasic Wilm’s tumour is efficacious and confirmatory. However, appropriate categorization of neoplasms composed of pure blastema, epithelium or stroma can be challenging. Extensive tissue sampling, pertinent immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques are advantageously adopted in discerning cogent diagnostic features.
{"title":"The Germinal Triumvirate- Wilm’s Tumour","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.18","url":null,"abstract":"Additionally, designated as nephroblastoma, tri-phasic embryonal Wilma’s tumour is constituted of varying quantities of blastemal, epithelial and stromal components. Besides, biphasic and monophasic neoplasms are frequently discerned. Epithelial and stromal elements may emerge as poorly differentiated to well differentiated components. Morphological assessment of tri-phasic Wilm’s tumour is efficacious and confirmatory. However, appropriate categorization of neoplasms composed of pure blastema, epithelium or stroma can be challenging. Extensive tissue sampling, pertinent immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques are advantageously adopted in discerning cogent diagnostic features.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121798851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intent of the research is to find the dependency of the volume fraction of nanoparticle (φ) and the temperature on the absolute viscosity (μnf) of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in Carbopol polymer gel. Rheological and stability analysis of the solution is identified. A total of 48 viscosity values has been calculated from experiments using two different base fluid concentrations and two different nanofluid concentrations at eight different temperatures. The data gathered are used for the training of an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) to observe results in a predefined range of two input criteria. It uses a feed-forward perceptron ANN with a temperature input, a volume concentration input, and a viscosity output. The topology was established by trial and error, and the two-layer model having ten neurons in the hidden layer that used the tansig function produced the best results. Ten training functions were utilized to analyze the best result for nf prediction, and the trainbr algorithm was found to be the best ANN. Due to the trained ANN, the anticipated value of viscosity is obtained from each temperature and volume concentration combination. The best results were witnessed with trainlm algorithm with an MSE value of 5.92e-4 and a R2 value of 0.9988 for forecasting of viscosity. Nanoparticle volume concentration increases with viscosity, while temperature increases cause viscosity to decrease. As the temperature rises from 15°C to 50°C, the shear stress value drops with a corresponding shear rate. The shear stress value of the associated shear rate decreases as the nanoparticle concentration rises.
{"title":"Predictive Ann Modelling of Thermorheological Properties of Iron-Oxide Yield Stress Nanofluid","authors":"Suraj Narayan, Dhar, M. A. Hassan","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"The intent of the research is to find the dependency of the volume fraction of nanoparticle (φ) and the temperature on the absolute viscosity (μnf) of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in Carbopol polymer gel. Rheological and stability analysis of the solution is identified. A total of 48 viscosity values has been calculated from experiments using two different base fluid concentrations and two different nanofluid concentrations at eight different temperatures. The data gathered are used for the training of an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) to observe results in a predefined range of two input criteria. It uses a feed-forward perceptron ANN with a temperature input, a volume concentration input, and a viscosity output. The topology was established by trial and error, and the two-layer model having ten neurons in the hidden layer that used the tansig function produced the best results. Ten training functions were utilized to analyze the best result for nf prediction, and the trainbr algorithm was found to be the best ANN. Due to the trained ANN, the anticipated value of viscosity is obtained from each temperature and volume concentration combination. The best results were witnessed with trainlm algorithm with an MSE value of 5.92e-4 and a R2 value of 0.9988 for forecasting of viscosity. Nanoparticle volume concentration increases with viscosity, while temperature increases cause viscosity to decrease. As the temperature rises from 15°C to 50°C, the shear stress value drops with a corresponding shear rate. The shear stress value of the associated shear rate decreases as the nanoparticle concentration rises.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114114451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is aimed to review the effect of food Additives on the food quality and food safety. Food additives are any organic substances that are intentionally or unintentionally added to food in small quantities during production or processing to improve the organoleptic quality (colour, flavour, appearance, taste and texture) of the food. They contain functional classes, such as antioxidants, colorants, emulsifiers, preservatives, stabilizers, sweeteners, and thickeners. They also increase the shelf life of the food by maintaining product consistency. We may have problems with additives, substances deliberately added to foods, to add colour, to make them tastier, to make them sweeter, to make them last longer, or to break down big fat globules into little ones, so that the fat and water do not separate. Some people are sensitive to particular food additives and may have reactions like hives or diarrhoea. It is important to use food additives to improve the quality of a food. Food additive used as Preservative because of they act as antimicrobial and antioxidants used to prevent microbial spoilage. This Preservation is basically done for preserve the natural characteristics of food and preserves the appearance of food and increase the shelf value of food for some long-term storage. Food additives also give the food a smooth and consistent texture example emulsifier prevent liquid products from separating; Improve or preserve the nutrient value; Maintain the wholesomeness of foods; Control the acid-base balance of foods and provide leavening, provide color and enhance flavor. Therefore, Food additives are substances that food manufacturer’s use in small quantity to maintain the quality properties or enhance their colour, flavour and texture at the same time also affects the original quality characterises of food including safety of foods.
{"title":"Effect of Food Additives on The Food Quality and Safety: A Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is aimed to review the effect of food Additives on the food quality and food safety. Food additives are any organic substances that are intentionally or unintentionally added to food in small quantities during production or processing to improve the organoleptic quality (colour, flavour, appearance, taste and texture) of the food. They contain functional classes, such as antioxidants, colorants, emulsifiers, preservatives, stabilizers, sweeteners, and thickeners. They also increase the shelf life of the food by maintaining product consistency. We may have problems with additives, substances deliberately added to foods, to add colour, to make them tastier, to make them sweeter, to make them last longer, or to break down big fat globules into little ones, so that the fat and water do not separate. Some people are sensitive to particular food additives and may have reactions like hives or diarrhoea. It is important to use food additives to improve the quality of a food. Food additive used as Preservative because of they act as antimicrobial and antioxidants used to prevent microbial spoilage. This Preservation is basically done for preserve the natural characteristics of food and preserves the appearance of food and increase the shelf value of food for some long-term storage. Food additives also give the food a smooth and consistent texture example emulsifier prevent liquid products from separating; Improve or preserve the nutrient value; Maintain the wholesomeness of foods; Control the acid-base balance of foods and provide leavening, provide color and enhance flavor. Therefore, Food additives are substances that food manufacturer’s use in small quantity to maintain the quality properties or enhance their colour, flavour and texture at the same time also affects the original quality characterises of food including safety of foods.","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125796738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is well known that serum uric acid (SUA) involved in the metabolic dysregulations which leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but this relation is not fully explored with prediabetes (PreDM) which is a metabolic state characterized by higher than normal glucose level but not enough to be considered as diabetes [1,2]. About two-thirds of those with preDM will progress to T2DM [3]. Those with preDM are almost identical (regarding risk factors) to those with T2DM (advanced age, obesity and diminished physical activity...etc.) and also are predisposed to develop both micro and macrovascular complications of overt T2DM [4]. Accumulation of SUA in excess play key role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (overweight, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia and abnormal glucose metabolism) [5]. The Preventive Cardiology Information System (PreCIS) database assured that for each one mg/dl rise in the SUA level, there was increase in the risk of death by 39% and even after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors, the SUA level continued to predict the risk of death [6].
{"title":"Can Serum Uric Acid Predict Prediabetes in Adult Males? A Case Control Study","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.07.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that serum uric acid (SUA) involved in the metabolic dysregulations which leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but this relation is not fully explored with prediabetes (PreDM) which is a metabolic state characterized by higher than normal glucose level but not enough to be considered as diabetes [1,2]. About two-thirds of those with preDM will progress to T2DM [3]. Those with preDM are almost identical (regarding risk factors) to those with T2DM (advanced age, obesity and diminished physical activity...etc.) and also are predisposed to develop both micro and macrovascular complications of overt T2DM [4]. Accumulation of SUA in excess play key role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (overweight, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia and abnormal glucose metabolism) [5]. The Preventive Cardiology Information System (PreCIS) database assured that for each one mg/dl rise in the SUA level, there was increase in the risk of death by 39% and even after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors, the SUA level continued to predict the risk of death [6].","PeriodicalId":150671,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders","volume":"15 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133754507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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