Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000151
Mengyuan Liu, Tian Zhang, Xifeng Dong, Huaquan Wang
Acquired pure red cell aplasia (aPRCA) is a rare hematological disorder characterized by normochromic, normocytic anemia, reticulocytopenia, and the absence of erythroblasts. The pathogenesis of aPRCA has remained elusive. This review delves into the intricate web of immune mechanisms underlying the development of this enigmatic condition. By exploring immune responses, cytotoxic effects, and antibody-mediated processes, we dissect the immune-driven assault on erythroid progenitors. The classification of aPRCA, including its primary and secondary forms, is elucidated, with a particular emphasis on etiological factors such as viruses, drugs, thymoma, and large granular lymphocytic leukemia. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of cytogenetic changes in erythroid progenitors and immune cells in the pathophysiology of aPRCA. This comprehensive overview aims to shed light on the complex interplay between immune dysregulation and erythroid failure in aPRCA, offering insights that will be crucial for better understanding and treating this disease.
{"title":"Acquired pure red cell aplasia: unraveling the immune pathogenesis","authors":"Mengyuan Liu, Tian Zhang, Xifeng Dong, Huaquan Wang","doi":"10.1097/jbr.0000000000000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000151","url":null,"abstract":"Acquired pure red cell aplasia (aPRCA) is a rare hematological disorder characterized by normochromic, normocytic anemia, reticulocytopenia, and the absence of erythroblasts. The pathogenesis of aPRCA has remained elusive. This review delves into the intricate web of immune mechanisms underlying the development of this enigmatic condition. By exploring immune responses, cytotoxic effects, and antibody-mediated processes, we dissect the immune-driven assault on erythroid progenitors. The classification of aPRCA, including its primary and secondary forms, is elucidated, with a particular emphasis on etiological factors such as viruses, drugs, thymoma, and large granular lymphocytic leukemia. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of cytogenetic changes in erythroid progenitors and immune cells in the pathophysiology of aPRCA. This comprehensive overview aims to shed light on the complex interplay between immune dysregulation and erythroid failure in aPRCA, offering insights that will be crucial for better understanding and treating this disease.","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000142
Poulami Khan, Saheli Basu Roy
In recent era, advancement of research involves computational management of large-scale genomic and post-genomic datasets in an obvious way. Rapidly emerging field of bioinformatics, fueled by high-throughput technologies and genomic scale database, is believed to reshape our approach of research to a new level. Genomics has shifted the paradigm of biological perspectives exploring many scopes. Old initiatives paved the path for the newer and more advantageous one. The present review focuses on present initiatives that are implemented till now like the famous Human Genome Project and its influence on digital biology, as well as the projects that followed in its footsteps. Additionally, the authors delve into the future potential of personalized medicine and the use of genetic engineering methods like CRISPR/Cas9 in gene editing, which are thought to have the potential to revolutionize the current treatment strategy.
{"title":"A brief overview of game-changing genetic engineering projects","authors":"Poulami Khan, Saheli Basu Roy","doi":"10.1097/jbr.0000000000000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000142","url":null,"abstract":"In recent era, advancement of research involves computational management of large-scale genomic and post-genomic datasets in an obvious way. Rapidly emerging field of bioinformatics, fueled by high-throughput technologies and genomic scale database, is believed to reshape our approach of research to a new level. Genomics has shifted the paradigm of biological perspectives exploring many scopes. Old initiatives paved the path for the newer and more advantageous one. The present review focuses on present initiatives that are implemented till now like the famous Human Genome Project and its influence on digital biology, as well as the projects that followed in its footsteps. Additionally, the authors delve into the future potential of personalized medicine and the use of genetic engineering methods like CRISPR/Cas9 in gene editing, which are thought to have the potential to revolutionize the current treatment strategy.","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000140
Chunsong Hu
{"title":"A new “single” era of biomedicine and implications in disease research","authors":"Chunsong Hu","doi":"10.1097/jbr.0000000000000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126787842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1097/JBR.0000000000000141
Sarah Oluwatobi Otun, J. A. Lerma-Escalera, Khayalethu Ntushelo, Ikechukwu Achilonu
In this dispensation of the fourth industrial revolution, protein engineering has become a popular approach for increasing enzymatic activity, stability, and titer in the biosynthesis of natural products. This is attributed to its numerous advantages (over direct isolation from plants or via chemical synthesis), including decreasing or eliminating reaction byproducts, high precision, moderate handling of intricate and chemically unstable chemicals, overall reusability, and cost efficiency. Recently, protein engineering tools have advanced to redesign and enhance natural product biosynthesis. These methods include direct evolution, substrate engineering, medium engineering, enzyme engineering and immobilization, structure-assisted protein engineering, and advanced computational. Recent successes in implementing these emerging protein engineering technologies were critically discussed in this article. Also, the advantages, limitations, and applications in industrial and medical biotechnology were discussed. Last, future research directions and potential were also highlighted.
{"title":"Protein engineering for natural product biosynthesis: expanding diversity for therapeutic applications","authors":"Sarah Oluwatobi Otun, J. A. Lerma-Escalera, Khayalethu Ntushelo, Ikechukwu Achilonu","doi":"10.1097/JBR.0000000000000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JBR.0000000000000141","url":null,"abstract":"In this dispensation of the fourth industrial revolution, protein engineering has become a popular approach for increasing enzymatic activity, stability, and titer in the biosynthesis of natural products. This is attributed to its numerous advantages (over direct isolation from plants or via chemical synthesis), including decreasing or eliminating reaction byproducts, high precision, moderate handling of intricate and chemically unstable chemicals, overall reusability, and cost efficiency. Recently, protein engineering tools have advanced to redesign and enhance natural product biosynthesis. These methods include direct evolution, substrate engineering, medium engineering, enzyme engineering and immobilization, structure-assisted protein engineering, and advanced computational. Recent successes in implementing these emerging protein engineering technologies were critically discussed in this article. Also, the advantages, limitations, and applications in industrial and medical biotechnology were discussed. Last, future research directions and potential were also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133567731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1097/JBR.0000000000000143
Debasmita Dubey, Shakti Rath, R. Meher, Sanghamitra Mishra, S. Panda, Subhashree Ray, S. K. Tripathy
Cancer is a terrifying disease that has become one of the world’s most challenging health concerns, necessitating a proactive approach to its treatment. Nature is a rich source of new chemical entities and a promising avenue for cancer research. Because of their different modes of action on target events in many ways, nature-derived chemicals are considered good possibilities for anticancer drug development. The current review article highlights recent breakthroughs in cancer therapeutics, including natural therapeutic molecules and their mechanisms of action against cancer treatment, as well as their limits, challenges, and prospect. For the review, article data have been collected from previously studied and published research reports, clinical evaluations, case studies, and clinical statistical data generated by scientific research organizations of repute. The chemical structures have been drawn using computational software (chemsketch). The development of promising candidates that can prevent or reduce the proliferation of cancer cells without causing adverse effects from these therapeutics is now underway. Further, nature-derived products are a game-changer because they are simple, safer, environmentally friendly, low-cost, quick, and less toxic than traditional treatment techniques. However, many bioactive chemicals and their analogs have been discovered as possible anticancer treatment options. In the review, the potent therapeutics phytochemicals derived from nature with their tremendous anticancer effects with limitations and prospects have been studied and analyzed based on previously published articles and reports.
{"title":"Natural therapeutics for cancer treatment: success, challenges, and prospect","authors":"Debasmita Dubey, Shakti Rath, R. Meher, Sanghamitra Mishra, S. Panda, Subhashree Ray, S. K. Tripathy","doi":"10.1097/JBR.0000000000000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JBR.0000000000000143","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a terrifying disease that has become one of the world’s most challenging health concerns, necessitating a proactive approach to its treatment. Nature is a rich source of new chemical entities and a promising avenue for cancer research. Because of their different modes of action on target events in many ways, nature-derived chemicals are considered good possibilities for anticancer drug development. The current review article highlights recent breakthroughs in cancer therapeutics, including natural therapeutic molecules and their mechanisms of action against cancer treatment, as well as their limits, challenges, and prospect. For the review, article data have been collected from previously studied and published research reports, clinical evaluations, case studies, and clinical statistical data generated by scientific research organizations of repute. The chemical structures have been drawn using computational software (chemsketch). The development of promising candidates that can prevent or reduce the proliferation of cancer cells without causing adverse effects from these therapeutics is now underway. Further, nature-derived products are a game-changer because they are simple, safer, environmentally friendly, low-cost, quick, and less toxic than traditional treatment techniques. However, many bioactive chemicals and their analogs have been discovered as possible anticancer treatment options. In the review, the potent therapeutics phytochemicals derived from nature with their tremendous anticancer effects with limitations and prospects have been studied and analyzed based on previously published articles and reports.","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117110972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000138
Manyue Ge, P. Yang, Jianmin Liu
{"title":"Therapeutic strategies for acute basilar-artery occlusion","authors":"Manyue Ge, P. Yang, Jianmin Liu","doi":"10.1097/jbr.0000000000000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121813791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000136
Jinjuan Yao, Q. Zhai
{"title":"A narrative review of cancer molecular diagnostics: past, present, and future","authors":"Jinjuan Yao, Q. Zhai","doi":"10.1097/jbr.0000000000000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114150063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-14DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000133
S. Qu, Renfa Liu, Z. Dai
{"title":"Imaging-guided gene delivery: seeing is delivering","authors":"S. Qu, Renfa Liu, Z. Dai","doi":"10.1097/jbr.0000000000000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130961924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1097/JBR.0000000000000121
K. Arnold, Xing Chen, Hui Zhang, K. Singh, Zhihong Yin, Yao Yao, Tiangang Luan, P. Sinues, Xue Li
Abstract Objective: The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of in vivo and non-invasive monitoring of deuterium/hydrogen (2H/1H) exchange at the metabolic level upon exposure to heavy water (2H2O). Methods: The healthy female mice were randomly assigned to two groups after day 0 when both mice received standard drinking water. The treated mouse was fed with 2H2O (80%, v/v) and the control mouse fed with standard drinking water (H2O) over next 13 days. Real-time mass spectrometric analysis of volatile metabolism emitted through breathing and the skin was performed on days 1, 2, 3, 10, 12, and 13. Animal experiment was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University (approval No. 20161117163322) on October 29, 2021. Results: We observed a replacement of 1Hby2H in 52 mass spectral features (60 2H/1 H isotopologue pairs) for the mouse fed with 2H2O, but not for the control mouse. These included pyruvic acid and lactic acid, lysine and methyl-lysine as well as short-chain fatty acids comprising acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid. Conclusion: Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry allows monitoring in vivo2H-incorporation of metabolites in a non-invasive and real-time setup and opens new opportunities to use 2H tracing to extend current metabolic studies, especially those with a focus on anaerobic glycolysis, lysine methylation and gut microbiome via monitoring of short-chain fatty acids.
{"title":"Corrigendum: In vivo detection of metabolic 2H-incorporation upon ingestion of 2H2O","authors":"K. Arnold, Xing Chen, Hui Zhang, K. Singh, Zhihong Yin, Yao Yao, Tiangang Luan, P. Sinues, Xue Li","doi":"10.1097/JBR.0000000000000121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JBR.0000000000000121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of in vivo and non-invasive monitoring of deuterium/hydrogen (2H/1H) exchange at the metabolic level upon exposure to heavy water (2H2O). Methods: The healthy female mice were randomly assigned to two groups after day 0 when both mice received standard drinking water. The treated mouse was fed with 2H2O (80%, v/v) and the control mouse fed with standard drinking water (H2O) over next 13 days. Real-time mass spectrometric analysis of volatile metabolism emitted through breathing and the skin was performed on days 1, 2, 3, 10, 12, and 13. Animal experiment was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University (approval No. 20161117163322) on October 29, 2021. Results: We observed a replacement of 1Hby2H in 52 mass spectral features (60 2H/1 H isotopologue pairs) for the mouse fed with 2H2O, but not for the control mouse. These included pyruvic acid and lactic acid, lysine and methyl-lysine as well as short-chain fatty acids comprising acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid. Conclusion: Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry allows monitoring in vivo2H-incorporation of metabolites in a non-invasive and real-time setup and opens new opportunities to use 2H tracing to extend current metabolic studies, especially those with a focus on anaerobic glycolysis, lysine methylation and gut microbiome via monitoring of short-chain fatty acids.","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126615951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1097/JBR.0000000000000122
Yingtian Zhang, Mingzhe Zhao, Wei Zhou, Luan Chen, Mo Li, Bixuan Jiang, Xianglong Zhao, Hao Wu, Lu Shen, Na Zhang, He Qin, Yuhao Tang, Chenhan Jia, Lin He, Shengying Qin
Abstract Vaccines are one of the biggest successes in modern history and are particularly important in light of the multiple ongoing epidemics. Recently, vaccines have protected peoples’ health and lives around the world during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Different types of vaccines have their own characteristics and advantages and are used in the context of different epidemics. Responses to vaccination are also different, and can include adverse reactions and absent responses. These individual differences are thought to be influenced by host genes. In this review, we first discuss vaccine types and characteristics. Second, we discuss different responses to vaccination, primarily focusing on the association between genetic variation and inter-individual differences.
{"title":"The link between genetic variation and variability in vaccine responses: a narrative review","authors":"Yingtian Zhang, Mingzhe Zhao, Wei Zhou, Luan Chen, Mo Li, Bixuan Jiang, Xianglong Zhao, Hao Wu, Lu Shen, Na Zhang, He Qin, Yuhao Tang, Chenhan Jia, Lin He, Shengying Qin","doi":"10.1097/JBR.0000000000000122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JBR.0000000000000122","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vaccines are one of the biggest successes in modern history and are particularly important in light of the multiple ongoing epidemics. Recently, vaccines have protected peoples’ health and lives around the world during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Different types of vaccines have their own characteristics and advantages and are used in the context of different epidemics. Responses to vaccination are also different, and can include adverse reactions and absent responses. These individual differences are thought to be influenced by host genes. In this review, we first discuss vaccine types and characteristics. Second, we discuss different responses to vaccination, primarily focusing on the association between genetic variation and inter-individual differences.","PeriodicalId":150904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bio-X Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125553346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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