Pub Date : 2016-07-21DOI: 10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.2
Siegfried Linkwitz
Hearing, finding the direction, distance and significance of a source of sound in various acoustic environments, is a survival mechanism in the evolution of living organisms. Hearing two strongly correlated sources of sound, either from earphones or two loudspeakers, is an unnatural phenomenon, from which the ear-brain apparatus is asked to draw an illusion of reality. Misleading cues must be eliminated from the sound presentation for the illusion to happen convincingly. In the case of earphone presentation, which typically suffers from a high degree of distance distortion, i.e. distance foreshortening, the ear signals must change with head movement to externalize the illusion. In the case of loudspeaker presentation there is already the distance between listener and speakers, which typically is perceived as the minimum distance to the illusionary aural scene or phantom scene. But that scene is usually hard bounded by the speakers, which are recognized as such by the ear-brain perceptual apparatus. One or the other speaker is preferred as the source, when the listener moves a short distance away laterally from the "sweet spot". In a reverberant room, where the listener not only hears the direct sound but also the reflected sound, i.e. the off-axis radiated sound, the ear-brain perceptual apparatus must be allowed to withdraw attention from room and speakers and focus attention upon the direct sound to create a convincing illusion of the reproduced acoustic event. For this to happen misleading perceptual cues must be eliminated. The speakers must be placed so that reflections are delayed relative to the direct sound. The speakers must be free from spurious resonant radiation and their off-axis radiation must follow their on-axis frequency response for the reverberant sound to be neutral. The polar radiation pattern must be essentially either omni-directional, cardioid or dipolar, aiming for constant directivity. The speakers must be acoustically small, yet capable of realistic volume levels at low non-linear distortion. Two prototype speakers and the evolution of their radiation pattern design will be discussed: a full-range, acoustically small dipole and a hybrid, omni-cardioid-dipole design. Either speaker is capable of disappearing from perception and rendering an aural scene in a reverberant room that is like a magic act.
{"title":"The Magic in 2-Channel Sound Reproduction - Why is it so Rarely Heard?","authors":"Siegfried Linkwitz","doi":"10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.2","url":null,"abstract":"Hearing, finding the direction, distance and significance of a source of sound in various acoustic environments, is a survival mechanism in the evolution of living organisms. Hearing two strongly correlated sources of sound, either from earphones or two loudspeakers, is an unnatural phenomenon, from which the ear-brain apparatus is asked to draw an illusion of reality. Misleading cues must be eliminated from the sound presentation for the illusion to happen convincingly. In the case of earphone presentation, which typically suffers from a high degree of distance distortion, i.e. distance foreshortening, the ear signals must change with head movement to externalize the illusion. In the case of loudspeaker presentation there is already the distance between listener and speakers, which typically is perceived as the minimum distance to the illusionary aural scene or phantom scene. But that scene is usually hard bounded by the speakers, which are recognized as such by the ear-brain perceptual apparatus. One or the other speaker is preferred as the source, when the listener moves a short distance away laterally from the \"sweet spot\". In a reverberant room, where the listener not only hears the direct sound but also the reflected sound, i.e. the off-axis radiated sound, the ear-brain perceptual apparatus must be allowed to withdraw attention from room and speakers and focus attention upon the direct sound to create a convincing illusion of the reproduced acoustic event. For this to happen misleading perceptual cues must be eliminated. The speakers must be placed so that reflections are delayed relative to the direct sound. The speakers must be free from spurious resonant radiation and their off-axis radiation must follow their on-axis frequency response for the reverberant sound to be neutral. The polar radiation pattern must be essentially either omni-directional, cardioid or dipolar, aiming for constant directivity. The speakers must be acoustically small, yet capable of realistic volume levels at low non-linear distortion. Two prototype speakers and the evolution of their radiation pattern design will be discussed: a full-range, acoustically small dipole and a hybrid, omni-cardioid-dipole design. Either speaker is capable of disappearing from perception and rendering an aural scene in a reverberant room that is like a magic act.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"113-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77072627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-21DOI: 10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.1
Kyung-Hoon Lee, Y. Bang
{"title":"Female Students’ Fear of Crime and It’s Correlation with the Environmental Features of the Campus","authors":"Kyung-Hoon Lee, Y. Bang","doi":"10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90940694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-21DOI: 10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.3
E. Krüger, E. Dumke, F. Mendonça
{"title":"Intra-Urban Air Temperature Distribution, Urban Heat Island and Thermal Comfort Implications in A Subtropical City","authors":"E. Krüger, E. Dumke, F. Mendonça","doi":"10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2015.02.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"127-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75165693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000165
Kaviani Ss
With the growing population in the island nations and urbanization, the people of such countries faced with land shortage for life and population ratio in such countries increases. So, the city engineers think about land revival to give people welfare in their life. For several years, the phenomenon has been floating city. The aim of this study was to examine how to supply the energy and welfare in floating cities. This research is performed by review on document-library. Advantage to benefit them and their role in economic and social development is reviewed and in continuing, studied the sample of floating cities. Then, manner of supply of energy and welfare in such countries are reviewed. Undoubtedly, benefiting the experiments of different countries in this field may help the politicians and planners in order to benefit in optimum in urban design
{"title":"Floating Cities and How to Supply the Energy and Welfare in Them","authors":"Kaviani Ss","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000165","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing population in the island nations and urbanization, the people of such countries faced with land shortage for life and population ratio in such countries increases. So, the city engineers think about land revival to give people welfare in their life. For several years, the phenomenon has been floating city. The aim of this study was to examine how to supply the energy and welfare in floating cities. This research is performed by review on document-library. Advantage to benefit them and their role in economic and social development is reviewed and in continuing, studied the sample of floating cities. Then, manner of supply of energy and welfare in such countries are reviewed. Undoubtedly, benefiting the experiments of different countries in this field may help the politicians and planners in order to benefit in optimum in urban design","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77509639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000163
H. SoheilI, A. Mofarahian, Fard Art
In virtually every heterogeneous society, religious difference serves as a source of potential conflict. Because individuals are often ignorant of other faiths, there is some potential tension but it Kdoes not necessarily mean conflict will result. Religion is not necessarily conflictual but, as with ethnicity or race, religion serves, as a way to distinguish one's self and one's group from the other. Often, the group with less power, be it political or economic, is more aware of the tension than the privileged. When the privileged group is a minority, however, such as the Jews historically were in much of Europe, they are often well aware of the latent conflict. There are steps that can be taken at this stage to head off conflict. Interfaith dialogue, discussed further below, can increase understanding. Intermediaries may help facilitate this, hence we designed a special place for this issue, plus in this essay we aim to ponder this conflict in religious point of view with working with BIM.
{"title":"The Brand New Notion for Assembly of Religion Using BIM","authors":"H. SoheilI, A. Mofarahian, Fard Art","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"In virtually every heterogeneous society, religious difference serves as a source of potential conflict. Because individuals are often ignorant of other faiths, there is some potential tension but it Kdoes not necessarily mean conflict will result. Religion is not necessarily conflictual but, as with ethnicity or race, religion serves, as a way to distinguish one's self and one's group from the other. Often, the group with less power, be it political or economic, is more aware of the tension than the privileged. When the privileged group is a minority, however, such as the Jews historically were in much of Europe, they are often well aware of the latent conflict. There are steps that can be taken at this stage to head off conflict. Interfaith dialogue, discussed further below, can increase understanding. Intermediaries may help facilitate this, hence we designed a special place for this issue, plus in this essay we aim to ponder this conflict in religious point of view with working with BIM.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90528597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-10DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000164
F. Yari, S. Silvayeh, M. Goodarzi, A. Amiri, R. Hoorshenas
Traditional Iranian domes are among the most prominent domes in the history in such way that they are still standing upright after the passage of many centuries and despite a large number of earthquakes, this fact shows that the construction method which traditional architects have used for these domes has been based on precise information and understanding in terms of the static science and the effect of forces and the influence of the elements on the domes. In this stabilizing structure in the traditional architecture, numerous factors have played their roles and each of these elements requires knowledge and analysis of structural behavior. The goal of this research is to examine the role of interior rib vaults, in the formation of the dome. The research method of this study is analytical-descriptive and data collection is conducted by reviewing annotated bibliography, observation and doing interviews. The current study goes on with the hypothesis that in the dome of Taj-al-Mulk the rib vaults have structural roles in the construction of the dome, in what follows in order to test this hypothesis, the research field method and with the help of some of the computer software, the mosque was simulated. After analyzing the connection between rib vaults, it can be stated that according to Galdieri’s view the rib vaults influence the dome construction so that besides having the role of conductivity for constructing the building, they have the role of supporting the dome.
{"title":"The Stability of Dome Structures in the Iranian Traditional Architecture, CaseStudy: Dome of Taj-al-Molk","authors":"F. Yari, S. Silvayeh, M. Goodarzi, A. Amiri, R. Hoorshenas","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000164","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Iranian domes are among the most prominent domes in the history in such way that they are still standing upright after the passage of many centuries and despite a large number of earthquakes, this fact shows that the construction method which traditional architects have used for these domes has been based on precise information and understanding in terms of the static science and the effect of forces and the influence of the elements on the domes. In this stabilizing structure in the traditional architecture, numerous factors have played their roles and each of these elements requires knowledge and analysis of structural behavior. The goal of this research is to examine the role of interior rib vaults, in the formation of the dome. The research method of this study is analytical-descriptive and data collection is conducted by reviewing annotated bibliography, observation and doing interviews. The current study goes on with the hypothesis that in the dome of Taj-al-Mulk the rib vaults have structural roles in the construction of the dome, in what follows in order to test this hypothesis, the research field method and with the help of some of the computer software, the mosque was simulated. After analyzing the connection between rib vaults, it can be stated that according to Galdieri’s view the rib vaults influence the dome construction so that besides having the role of conductivity for constructing the building, they have the role of supporting the dome.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75377477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-12DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000162
R. Nadi, W. Soite, R. Tafahomi
The aim of this paper is to address transitional factors in urban spatial enclosure, proportion, and ratio in the urban fabric as characteristic attribute of historical area. Gonabad city includes historical areas however redevelopment process transited and effected urban landscape. Considering to the urban form and landscape verify the physical aspects mainly enclosure form have changed the landscape and form regarding destroying, redeveloping, and planting trees, however, other factor can be challenged in this process particularly cultural lifestyle. Methodology of the research designed on the qualitative method and graphical analysis technique. Therefore, data was collected by survey techniques in three areas including historical, transitional, and new development. Findings identified that enclosure ratio in the historical part was between 6a-a, that demonstrated the complete enclosure forms in the area but in the transitional between 2a-1/2a as half enclosure and new development areas between 1/8a to 1/2a as less enclosure. Findings identified diversity in the urban landscape form regarding enclosure indicator in two categories including Mass-Space proportion and complementing compounds. As conclusion could contribute that, there is dehistoricisation process in historical especially in transitional part that changes the urban landscape although some historical and traditional landscape elements still exist. The city is lost its specification however; traditional components and compounds could conserve and utilise for historicisation places and locations.
{"title":"Dehistoricisation the Urban Landscape through Transition of the EnclosureRatio in Urban Fabric of Gonabad City in Iran","authors":"R. Nadi, W. Soite, R. Tafahomi","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to address transitional factors in urban spatial enclosure, proportion, and ratio in the urban fabric as characteristic attribute of historical area. Gonabad city includes historical areas however redevelopment process transited and effected urban landscape. Considering to the urban form and landscape verify the physical aspects mainly enclosure form have changed the landscape and form regarding destroying, redeveloping, and planting trees, however, other factor can be challenged in this process particularly cultural lifestyle. Methodology of the research designed on the qualitative method and graphical analysis technique. Therefore, data was collected by survey techniques in three areas including historical, transitional, and new development. Findings identified that enclosure ratio in the historical part was between 6a-a, that demonstrated the complete enclosure forms in the area but in the transitional between 2a-1/2a as half enclosure and new development areas between 1/8a to 1/2a as less enclosure. Findings identified diversity in the urban landscape form regarding enclosure indicator in two categories including Mass-Space proportion and complementing compounds. As conclusion could contribute that, there is dehistoricisation process in historical especially in transitional part that changes the urban landscape although some historical and traditional landscape elements still exist. The city is lost its specification however; traditional components and compounds could conserve and utilise for historicisation places and locations.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"167 4 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77638823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-10DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000153
Nazanin Nafisi, M. Abbas, S. Nafisi
The most important and profound spirit of traditional Iranian culture is the idea of “boostan” that means the nature and the human are in harmony. The Persian garden is the famous paradise in ancient Iran, and the Persian garden is the typical place to show the harmonious idea. If we understand the nature and ideal as (heaven) and understand the urban life as (human), then the ideal environment including natural tangibles in the city is the Paradise, which is the harmony between the nature and the human. In Iranian idea, the garden has a universal picture as it has changed into an inner view for centuries and is considered a portion of its culture. Aspects of this internal garden which takes its form from historical characteristics, religion and especially rooted customs of poems and spiritual schools can be seen in all aspects and stages of life. In other words, gardens are considered as spirit and symbol of nature and all over the world they are a way to refer to internal beliefs. Sometimes these flowers are portrayed in words but not in dry and senseless words like western literature. Persian gardens show the natural environment of tangibles, but look forward to the ideal of the sublimation of the real world. A significant notion, in the garden, is "simplicity. The findings indicated that functions and structure of gardens obscure the psychological feelings of acts of people. The positive relationship between Persian garden and religion was also in line with the behavior theory. The Persian cultural environment with structured religious relationships may have a tendency to spiritual and paradise simulation, for instance, on entering the Persian gardens, in the whole space alongside the major axis, landscapes of altitudes are visible.
{"title":"The Role of Belief and Religion in Creation of Persian Garden","authors":"Nazanin Nafisi, M. Abbas, S. Nafisi","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000153","url":null,"abstract":"The most important and profound spirit of traditional Iranian culture is the idea of “boostan” that means the nature and the human are in harmony. The Persian garden is the famous paradise in ancient Iran, and the Persian garden is the typical place to show the harmonious idea. If we understand the nature and ideal as (heaven) and understand the urban life as (human), then the ideal environment including natural tangibles in the city is the Paradise, which is the harmony between the nature and the human. In Iranian idea, the garden has a universal picture as it has changed into an inner view for centuries and is considered a portion of its culture. Aspects of this internal garden which takes its form from historical characteristics, religion and especially rooted customs of poems and spiritual schools can be seen in all aspects and stages of life. In other words, gardens are considered as spirit and symbol of nature and all over the world they are a way to refer to internal beliefs. Sometimes these flowers are portrayed in words but not in dry and senseless words like western literature. Persian gardens show the natural environment of tangibles, but look forward to the ideal of the sublimation of the real world. A significant notion, in the garden, is \"simplicity. The findings indicated that functions and structure of gardens obscure the psychological feelings of acts of people. The positive relationship between Persian garden and religion was also in line with the behavior theory. The Persian cultural environment with structured religious relationships may have a tendency to spiritual and paradise simulation, for instance, on entering the Persian gardens, in the whole space alongside the major axis, landscapes of altitudes are visible.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81329598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-14DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000155
Her-Yung Wang, Yi-Fang Shih, Heng Su
This study discusses the engineering properties of the self-compacting mass concrete mixed with plain cement and pozzolan. Two mix proportions of and three manufacturers are were used for quality control testing and drilling before the finished product pouring was poured, and the products are were tested to check determine whether they meet the performance standards of R1 self-compacting concrete. Including basic tests were performed for slump flow, flow time when with a slump flow is of 50 cm, flow time of in a V funnel, flow in a U-shaped channel (testing for possibility flow through obstacles) and filling height. The difference in workability is discussed by was investigated by using a Big U-shaped channel test to simulate the onsite structure prototype dimensions, and standard cylindrical specimens and model core-drilled specimens were made to determine the compressive strength of concrete and to check for non-uniformity, segregation and bleeding in the processes of transportation, pouring and squeezing lift-up. The temperature change during the hydration of the concrete material model was measured, and curing at the work site was carried out to simulate future field construction conditions. This made it possible to validate the temperature control effect of the self-compacting mass concrete with pozzolan, and the data can be used as a reference for selfcompacting concrete quality control in future construction projects. The findings show that self-compacting mass concrete with pozzolan can reduce the heat of hydration and provides other good engineering properties.
{"title":"A Study on of the Engineering Properties of Self-Compacting MassConcrete (SCMC)","authors":"Her-Yung Wang, Yi-Fang Shih, Heng Su","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000155","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the engineering properties of the self-compacting mass concrete mixed with plain cement and pozzolan. Two mix proportions of and three manufacturers are were used for quality control testing and drilling before the finished product pouring was poured, and the products are were tested to check determine whether they meet the performance standards of R1 self-compacting concrete. Including basic tests were performed for slump flow, flow time when with a slump flow is of 50 cm, flow time of in a V funnel, flow in a U-shaped channel (testing for possibility flow through obstacles) and filling height. The difference in workability is discussed by was investigated by using a Big U-shaped channel test to simulate the onsite structure prototype dimensions, and standard cylindrical specimens and model core-drilled specimens were made to determine the compressive strength of concrete and to check for non-uniformity, segregation and bleeding in the processes of transportation, pouring and squeezing lift-up. The temperature change during the hydration of the concrete material model was measured, and curing at the work site was carried out to simulate future field construction conditions. This made it possible to validate the temperature control effect of the self-compacting mass concrete with pozzolan, and the data can be used as a reference for selfcompacting concrete quality control in future construction projects. The findings show that self-compacting mass concrete with pozzolan can reduce the heat of hydration and provides other good engineering properties.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90808952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-11DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000154
H. Salama
The urban transformation experience of Dubai presents an interesting model of dealing with globalization and benefiting from its flows of people, capital, and transformation. Although that city does not have rich urban heritage or natural attractions compared to other cities in the region, it managed to construct an urban structure that captured a relatively significant portion of global tourism to its local context. In this research paper the author argue that Dubai has achieved this quest by constructing a series of what author call "places of people flows." This research mean by places of people flows, projects that have the capacity of triggering people flows to the city. This research mean categorizes these places into: 1) Places of urban image, or spectacular projects that contributes to the quality of the urban image of the city. 2) Places of linkage that connects the city to the global domain. 3) Places of agglomeration that host flows of people flows coming to the city. This research mean analyzed by the role of these places of people flows in transforming Dubai from a peripheral city to one of the most attractive tourism destination in the Middle East.
{"title":"Dubai: An Urbanism Shaped for Global Tourism","authors":"H. Salama","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000154","url":null,"abstract":"The urban transformation experience of Dubai presents an interesting model of dealing with globalization and benefiting from its flows of people, capital, and transformation. Although that city does not have rich urban heritage or natural attractions compared to other cities in the region, it managed to construct an urban structure that captured a relatively significant portion of global tourism to its local context. In this research paper the author argue that Dubai has achieved this quest by constructing a series of what author call \"places of people flows.\" This research mean by places of people flows, projects that have the capacity of triggering people flows to the city. This research mean categorizes these places into: 1) Places of urban image, or spectacular projects that contributes to the quality of the urban image of the city. 2) Places of linkage that connects the city to the global domain. 3) Places of agglomeration that host flows of people flows coming to the city. This research mean analyzed by the role of these places of people flows in transforming Dubai from a peripheral city to one of the most attractive tourism destination in the Middle East.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"07 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86015691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：