Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000216
H. A. Othman
“We shape our buildings; thereafter they shape us” Winston Churchill 1943. The ruling Elites utilize meaning in architectural forms to exercise their political power to unite and or manipulate people, here architectural signification plays a major role in the nationhood in creating and reaffirming the cultural identity for societies. Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population, and Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. Following the discovery and exploitation of oil, paralleled with investment law in 2004, Kurdistan witnessed a bulk boom in the construction industry. Kurdistan region became architecture playground. Most of the pilot projects were prepared behind boarders by various international architectural styles, diminishing the regions local identity. One of the areas that suffered from the previous control system is neglecting and deconstructing of architectural identity. The paper is based on case study and observations. An inductive method will be used to analyze pilot projects in Kurdistan and how they reflect the political system’s desires instead of the culture and identity of the region. Hence Architectural identity is shaped by the political system. The paper is using Kurdistan as case study following 1991 uprising after the creation of safety zone by UN. Projects from Erbil, Sulaimania, and Duhok will be analyzed to create a clear image for the main features of architectural identity’s dilemma within the current political system. Challenges and problems facing the development of the local architecture to be addressed; recommendations will conclude the paperwork.
{"title":"Architectural Identity Shaped by the Political System, Kurdistan Region Since 1991 as a Case Study","authors":"H. A. Othman","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000216","url":null,"abstract":"“We shape our buildings; thereafter they shape us” Winston Churchill 1943. The ruling Elites utilize meaning in architectural forms to exercise their political power to unite and or manipulate people, here architectural signification plays a major role in the nationhood in creating and reaffirming the cultural identity for societies. Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population, and Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. Following the discovery and exploitation of oil, paralleled with investment law in 2004, Kurdistan witnessed a bulk boom in the construction industry. Kurdistan region became architecture playground. Most of the pilot projects were prepared behind boarders by various international architectural styles, diminishing the regions local identity. One of the areas that suffered from the previous control system is neglecting and deconstructing of architectural identity. The paper is based on case study and observations. An inductive method will be used to analyze pilot projects in Kurdistan and how they reflect the political system’s desires instead of the culture and identity of the region. Hence Architectural identity is shaped by the political system. The paper is using Kurdistan as case study following 1991 uprising after the creation of safety zone by UN. Projects from Erbil, Sulaimania, and Duhok will be analyzed to create a clear image for the main features of architectural identity’s dilemma within the current political system. Challenges and problems facing the development of the local architecture to be addressed; recommendations will conclude the paperwork.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77103113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000214
Nigmetov Gm
Protection of historical buildings is an important international task. Historical buildings, in addition to aging wear, are subjected to periodic and continuous dynamic effects from earthquakes and passing by road and rail transport and from effects of exhaust gases. Most historical objects are constructively made of local materials: adobe, brick and stone blocks, they have mixed structural schemes and do not possess the necessary seismic resistance. The authors of this article propose the technology of dynamic and geophysical testing of structures for assessing the category of technical condition and seismic stability. This article gives examples of the application of this technology to assess the state of historical objects.
{"title":"Assessment of the Category of Technical Condition and Seismic Stability of Historic Structures Using the Method of Dynamic Geophysical Tests.","authors":"Nigmetov Gm","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"Protection of historical buildings is an important international task. Historical buildings, in addition to aging wear, are subjected to periodic and continuous dynamic effects from earthquakes and passing by road and rail transport and from effects of exhaust gases. Most historical objects are constructively made of local materials: adobe, brick and stone blocks, they have mixed structural schemes and do not possess the necessary seismic resistance. The authors of this article propose the technology of dynamic and geophysical testing of structures for assessing the category of technical condition and seismic stability. This article gives examples of the application of this technology to assess the state of historical objects.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81189390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000213
H. Alhawasli, D. Kh
Due to the fact that a building resistance against explosion waves depends on a range of factors, including the shape and form of the building, number of opens and building materials used in construction as direct factors, distance and number of barriers between building and the location of the explosion as indirect factors. And because external cover of the building as the most important line of defense to protect against external threats, with taken into account that explosion waves can damage the building through the pores in the external cover or destroying the outer shell of the building. It is important to design resistant building facades in front of explosion consequences. The main goal of this paper is to assess the responsiveness of modern architectural facade to the passive defense requirements to be observed a way that if an explosion occurred outside the building and on the surface of the earth, the waves of pressure cause the lowest damage available to the exterior surfaces of buildings. In the studied model we note the following weaknesses: the inability to take advantage of the green element in the site, the misuse of some glass decorative elements in the balconies, the excessive opening in the facade in general and the use of the large opening without dividing in the stair space. Entrances are gone deep inside the facade where the advanced entrances are recommended to maintain the possibility of exit in the event of ruin. In the end, more dynamic shape may be better.
{"title":"Response Analysis of Residential Contemporary Facades to the Passive Defense Requirements for Explosion Resistance Case Study: Residential Building Facade in Damascus","authors":"H. Alhawasli, D. Kh","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the fact that a building resistance against explosion waves depends on a range of factors, including the shape and form of the building, number of opens and building materials used in construction as direct factors, distance and number of barriers between building and the location of the explosion as indirect factors. And because external cover of the building as the most important line of defense to protect against external threats, with taken into account that explosion waves can damage the building through the pores in the external cover or destroying the outer shell of the building. It is important to design resistant building facades in front of explosion consequences. The main goal of this paper is to assess the responsiveness of modern architectural facade to the passive defense requirements to be observed a way that if an explosion occurred outside the building and on the surface of the earth, the waves of pressure cause the lowest damage available to the exterior surfaces of buildings. In the studied model we note the following weaknesses: the inability to take advantage of the green element in the site, the misuse of some glass decorative elements in the balconies, the excessive opening in the facade in general and the use of the large opening without dividing in the stair space. Entrances are gone deep inside the facade where the advanced entrances are recommended to maintain the possibility of exit in the event of ruin. In the end, more dynamic shape may be better.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80014409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-18DOI: 10.15377/2409-9821.2017.04.4
H. Chai, Jun-jie Wang, Jian-jun Guo, Jiping Bai
{"title":"Failure of a Rock Slope Ten Years after Excavation","authors":"H. Chai, Jun-jie Wang, Jian-jun Guo, Jiping Bai","doi":"10.15377/2409-9821.2017.04.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2017.04.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73805532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-18DOI: 10.15377/2409-9821.2017.04.3
Sena Işıklar
{"title":"Vitality of The Cities","authors":"Sena Işıklar","doi":"10.15377/2409-9821.2017.04.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2017.04.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85947005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-07DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000209
M. Ibrahim, Diala I Atiyat
Reducing negative impact on building and the natural environment is the main objective of sustainable design that promotes the environmental quality and the quality of building, which is mainly related to the envelope design of the building. Hence, the main research problem is determining the building envelope shape effect, whether curved or tilted, so as to be more effective in the location of solar cells on its surface and measure the efficiency of each; therefore, the study model could be divided into the design of the building envelope (independent variable) and solar absorption efficiency (variable dependent) where the basic criterion will be environmental suitability and sustainability. Methodology of the study will be based on the theoretical study, the collection of information and descriptive analytical method, in addition to the practical approach and the use of simulation software programs to reach the most important conclusions and recommendations.
{"title":"The Impact of Building Envelope Design on Building Sustainability Using Simulation Solar Energy Software","authors":"M. Ibrahim, Diala I Atiyat","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000209","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing negative impact on building and the natural environment is the main objective of sustainable design that promotes the environmental quality and the quality of building, which is mainly related to the envelope design of the building. Hence, the main research problem is determining the building envelope shape effect, whether curved or tilted, so as to be more effective in the location of solar cells on its surface and measure the efficiency of each; therefore, the study model could be divided into the design of the building envelope (independent variable) and solar absorption efficiency (variable dependent) where the basic criterion will be environmental suitability and sustainability. Methodology of the study will be based on the theoretical study, the collection of information and descriptive analytical method, in addition to the practical approach and the use of simulation software programs to reach the most important conclusions and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83261305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-07DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000210
C. Murphy
This paper uses the objectives and policies inherent in the New Zealand Coastal Policy Statement 2010 as a template for benchmarking the adaptation strategies contained in the Unitary Plan for Auckland City, New Zealand’s largest coastal municipal centre. The research analyses the stakeholder feedback from the public submission section devoted to coastal hazards, and assesses through selected criteria and a rating system, developed in conjunction with literature studies and stakeholder contribution, the degree to which the plan aligns with the policies of adaptation required by this Coastal Policy Statement. A case study tests the effectiveness of the adaptation requirements. Results indicate an appropriate degree of compliance with the relevant adaptation criteria, but that, in order to minimise future disruption, more attention should be given to the long-term planned withdrawal of housing from hazardous coastal situations.
{"title":"Natural Hazards, Sea Level Rise and the New Auckland Unitary Plan: Implications for Low Lying Coastal Communities","authors":"C. Murphy","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses the objectives and policies inherent in the New Zealand Coastal Policy Statement 2010 as a template for benchmarking the adaptation strategies contained in the Unitary Plan for Auckland City, New Zealand’s largest coastal municipal centre. The research analyses the stakeholder feedback from the public submission section devoted to coastal hazards, and assesses through selected criteria and a rating system, developed in conjunction with literature studies and stakeholder contribution, the degree to which the plan aligns with the policies of adaptation required by this Coastal Policy Statement. A case study tests the effectiveness of the adaptation requirements. Results indicate an appropriate degree of compliance with the relevant adaptation criteria, but that, in order to minimise future disruption, more attention should be given to the long-term planned withdrawal of housing from hazardous coastal situations.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80332620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-31DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000207
Haider Araby Ibrahm, B. Abbas
This paper intends to study the possibility of producing fiber recycled self-compacting concrete (FRSCC) using demolitions concrete as a coarse aggregate. Polypropylene fibers (P.P.F) were used in recycled self-compacting concrete (RSCC) with different percentages of coarse recycled concrete aggregate. Nine concrete mixtures were set up to accomplish the objective proposed at this paper. Polypropylene fibers fraction changed from 0% to 0.15% by the volume of concrete and the ratio replacement of recycled coarse aggregate with natural aggregate was 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The fresh properties of (FRSCC) and (RSCC) were assessed utilizing V-funnel, L-box and slump flow tests. Flexural strength, compression strength, and tensile strength tests were performed with a specific end goal to examine mechanical properties. The results indicate that the optimum volume fraction of polypropylene fibers was (0.1%) for the mixes contained recycled coarse aggregate (75%), for optimum content of (P.P.F), the compression strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength; improved by (34%), (14%), and (8.1%), respectively with consideration to control mix. Also the flexural strength and the tensile strength for the mixes were improved with increasing the fibers ratio compared with control mix
{"title":"Mechanical Behavior of Recycled Self-Compacting Concrete Reinforced with Polypropylene Fibres","authors":"Haider Araby Ibrahm, B. Abbas","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"This paper intends to study the possibility of producing fiber recycled self-compacting concrete (FRSCC) using demolitions concrete as a coarse aggregate. Polypropylene fibers (P.P.F) were used in recycled self-compacting concrete (RSCC) with different percentages of coarse recycled concrete aggregate. Nine concrete mixtures were set up to accomplish the objective proposed at this paper. Polypropylene fibers fraction changed from 0% to 0.15% by the volume of concrete and the ratio replacement of recycled coarse aggregate with natural aggregate was 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The fresh properties of (FRSCC) and (RSCC) were assessed utilizing V-funnel, L-box and slump flow tests. Flexural strength, compression strength, and tensile strength tests were performed with a specific end goal to examine mechanical properties. The results indicate that the optimum volume fraction of polypropylene fibers was (0.1%) for the mixes contained recycled coarse aggregate (75%), for optimum content of (P.P.F), the compression strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength; improved by (34%), (14%), and (8.1%), respectively with consideration to control mix. Also the flexural strength and the tensile strength for the mixes were improved with increasing the fibers ratio compared with control mix","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82363257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-17DOI: 10.15377/2409-9821.2016.03.02.2
Chih-ming Shih, Fang-Jar Liou
{"title":"The Tectonic Thinking and Strategies in Louis I. Kahn’s Art Museums","authors":"Chih-ming Shih, Fang-Jar Liou","doi":"10.15377/2409-9821.2016.03.02.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2016.03.02.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":"37-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91158316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.4172/2168-9717.1000201
Gaston Agudiez
This is a novel and unprecedented study of the latest global-scale architectural movement. We contribute a large amount of first-hand research to the scientific community in the form of interviews with architects, observations and photographs. This paper analyzes the predominant building style for large public developments. It takes into account its history, its representative value for income, technological development, and innovation, and the reasons why it is shaping in a certain way. Hi-tech and postmodernism are extremely popular styles, yet little has been written about them. In order to analyze the architectural style, there has been direct observation of the Carrasco international airport, an interview was conducted with an architect and there was an investigation that ranged from textbooks, to articles, to influential architects’ speeches. The essay inspects the history of 20th century architectural styles such as modernism and postmodernism and focuses on high-tech as the natural consequence of their predecessors. The investigation unveiled why buildings started to have more complex and unconventional form factors, as well as the causes of architectural trend shifts. It also relates technology and its impact on architectural innovation. Finally, we conclude that Hi-tech buildings scale and flamboyant aspects make them ideal candidates to revitalize neighborhoods, show wealth and engineering skills. Particularly, the airport was a positive investment, with regards to the materials and style employed.
{"title":"High-Tech Architecture and Its Urban, Cultural, Historic and Economic Landscape of the Carrasco International Airport in Montevideo, Uruguay","authors":"Gaston Agudiez","doi":"10.4172/2168-9717.1000201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9717.1000201","url":null,"abstract":"This is a novel and unprecedented study of the latest global-scale architectural movement. We contribute a large amount of first-hand research to the scientific community in the form of interviews with architects, observations and photographs. This paper analyzes the predominant building style for large public developments. It takes into account its history, its representative value for income, technological development, and innovation, and the reasons why it is shaping in a certain way. Hi-tech and postmodernism are extremely popular styles, yet little has been written about them. In order to analyze the architectural style, there has been direct observation of the Carrasco international airport, an interview was conducted with an architect and there was an investigation that ranged from textbooks, to articles, to influential architects’ speeches. The essay inspects the history of 20th century architectural styles such as modernism and postmodernism and focuses on high-tech as the natural consequence of their predecessors. The investigation unveiled why buildings started to have more complex and unconventional form factors, as well as the causes of architectural trend shifts. It also relates technology and its impact on architectural innovation. Finally, we conclude that Hi-tech buildings scale and flamboyant aspects make them ideal candidates to revitalize neighborhoods, show wealth and engineering skills. Particularly, the airport was a positive investment, with regards to the materials and style employed.","PeriodicalId":15092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82644775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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